US12257523B2 - Launching device - Google Patents
Launching device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US12257523B2 US12257523B2 US17/865,321 US202217865321A US12257523B2 US 12257523 B2 US12257523 B2 US 12257523B2 US 202217865321 A US202217865321 A US 202217865321A US 12257523 B2 US12257523 B2 US 12257523B2
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- compressed air
- open mouth
- air canister
- launch
- canister
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 49
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008867 communication pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
- A63B69/40—Stationarily-arranged devices for projecting balls or other bodies
- A63B69/409—Stationarily-arranged devices for projecting balls or other bodies with pneumatic ball- or body-propelling means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
- A63H27/00—Toy aircraft; Other flying toys
- A63H27/14—Starting or launching devices for toy aircraft; Arrangements on toy aircraft for starting or launching
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
- A63H29/00—Drive mechanisms for toys in general
- A63H29/10—Driving mechanisms actuated by flowing media
- A63H29/16—Driving mechanisms actuated by flowing media by steam or compressed air
Definitions
- FIG. 1 A first figure.
- the present invention relates to a manual pneumatic launching device for a toy ball that securely imparts a launching energy and rotational force on a ball with alternative play modes, different pneumatic pressures, automotive locking retention, and with audio feedback guidance and intended passing zone delivery. More particularly the present invention relates to a launching, device, system and method using a fluid pressure engine and a launch direction system for use with pneumatically operated toys such as balls that include a fluid input cavity which is in continuous fluid communication with a source of compressed air.
- U.S. Pat. No. 6,006,517 provides a fluid engine for use in pneumatically operated toys such as wheeled vehicles or planes where reciprocal driving movement is needed (such as to drive a propeller or rotate wheels).
- a valve rod that is movably housed with a spring to open a valve opening and close exhaust apertures during a piston's power stroke and to reverse the process in an exhaust stroke in synchronism by use of a cam integrally secured to a power shaft.
- LONG BOMB FOOTBALL GUNTM (not registered) (US Trademark Ser. No. 74/310,418, abandoned), provided by Cap Toys, Inc., of Cleveland, Ohio 26201 which included a manual ball retaining and ball release mechanism and a piston-pump pressure applicator wherein the launched ball included a custom-made ball, containing a foam outer layer, an inner pressure vessel for receiving a pressurized launching gas (ambient air), and a retaining lug.
- the user held the launcher in two hands, placed a prepared football in a holding cradle, manually engaged the retaining lug, filled the presser reservoir by pumping, manually aimed the device and manually released the retaining lug thus launching the retained ball.
- this device was awkward during use and difficult to operate repeatedly with success.
- a launching, device, system and method using a fluid pressure system and a launch direction system in combination with an automated control system for use with pneumatically operated toys such as balls that include a fluid input cavity which is in continuous fluid communication with a source of compressed air and releases upon a user-directed instruction.
- a launching device, system and method using a fluid pressure system and a launch direction system in combination with an automated control system and a fluid cavity in a game ball for compressed air providing a pneumatically operated toy that releases upon a user-directed and automated control.
- a launching device for a pneumatic toy ball, comprising: a fluid pressure control system with a one-time use pneumatic launch engine; a rechargeable inflatable compressed air canister in a toy device having a normally open mouth thereof; said normally open mouth of said air canister including at least one inwardly projecting member; an intake manifold of said one-time pneumatic launch engine; said intake manifold comprising an air outlet for complementally receiving and releasing said open mouth of said compressed air canister during a use; an external air inlet having a one-way check valve for permitting external air pressurization of said compressed air canister during said use and selectable external air re-pressurization of said compressed air canister during a re-use thereof; an automated launching control system; a receiving bayonet member on said air outlet for slidably and guidably receiving said intake manifold of said compressed air canister thereon in said launch engine; said bayonet member including a central opening for transmission of said external
- FIG. 1 is a top perspective view of one alternative aspect of an assembled launching device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a bottom perspective view of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the alternative aspect of an assembled launching device in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 4 is a bottom plan view thereof.
- FIG. 5 is a left side elevation view thereof noting the motion and operational directions optionally available during a use.
- FIG. 6 is a right side elevation view of FIG. 5 .
- FIG. 7 is a rear elevation view of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 8 is a front elevation view of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 9 is a partial sectional view of a toy ball containing a rechargeable compressed air canister and normally open mouth for mounting.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an assembled toy ball noting the normally open mouth and retaining lugs for secure engagement during a locking use.
- FIG. 11 is a rear-elevation view of the toy ball in FIG. 10 showing the open mouth for the air canister and dual retaining lugs thereon.
- FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view of an assembled ball noting the inner compressed air canister therein and outer foam grip surface for easy game play.
- FIG. 13 is a length-direction sectional view of FIG. 5 noting the internal components.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-direction sectional view of FIG. 7 noting the internal components.
- FIG. 15 is an exploded perspective view of an automated launch direction system including release system for lockably retaining during pressurization and releasing of the retaining lugs on the open mouth of the compressed air canister during a launch use.
- FIG. 16 is an assembled perspective view of the automated launch direction system of FIG. 15 .
- FIG. 17 is an exploded perspective view of the automated launch direction system including FIG. 16 components and a pivot traverse system.
- FIG. 18 is a bottom inner systems view of the launching device and system noting positions of elements within the outer body.
- FIGS. 19 A, 19 B depict an illustrated assembly and launch and replay method of use according to the present invention.
- a launching device and system 100 using a pressurized fluid launch engine with a fluid input and a source of compressed air (referred to herein as the fluid).
- Launching device and system 100 provides the structure and elements for providing a method for launching a toy 210 , shown here in a nonlimiting example, as a toy ball 210 , using pressurized air as a fluid medium in a pre-launch programmable and selectable manner to assist individual or group toy-play.
- Launching device and system 100 includes a fluid pressure control system 200 for operating and dispensing a fluid input (compressed air) and an automated launch direction control system 300 which retains releases toy ball 210 upon one of a plurality of user-selected automated launch sequences based upon a user input.
- a fluid pressure control system 200 for operating and dispensing a fluid input (compressed air)
- an automated launch direction control system 300 which retains releases toy ball 210 upon one of a plurality of user-selected automated launch sequences based upon a user input.
- Launching device and system 100 includes a base housing 101 , having an outer base with battery access opening 102 for securely storing batteries to power launching device and system 100 .
- Battery access opening 102 for securely storing batteries to power launching device and system 100 .
- Four outer leg extensions 103 includes respective openings 103 A for stakes (not shown) to secure device 100 to a turf game field.
- a pressure gauge 104 is provided to reflect the stored pressure in the compressed air canister and which is in fluid communication with pump 211 , having a pump engagement base 211 a and the inflation and release system as shown.
- One or more speakers 105 in speaker housings 105 a are provided in communication with a control board 306 for providing pre-recorded sound announcements, such as ‘hike’ and ‘go long’ and ‘ready’ as well as sound indicators of several musical notes related to pre-programed movements of the automated control launching system 300 upon the triggering of launching device 100 .
- a lock trigger button 106 on the top of base housing 101 triggers an automated lock/unlock motor controller as will be discussed in automated control launch system 300 so as to releasably engage (at a beginning of a pressurized step) the open mouth of the compressed air canister in the ball 210 .
- Fluid pressure control system 200 includes a pump 211 including an external air inlet and a one-way air check valve outlet 211 A and a pump handle 212 for reciprocal motion to draw air into fluid pressure control system 200 and (via the one-way check valve) pressurizing air into a cavity for compressed air 213 in ball 210 .
- Ball 210 includes an outer protective foam cover 214 and an open mouth 215 having an inwardly projecting member 216 of the compressed air canister 213 .
- Open mouth 215 includes securing components (see FIG. 12 ) securing an outer access ring 215 a with an inwardly projecting securing lug (as shown) and one or more outer rigid locking members 217 in a fixed position on the open mouth 215 .
- Middle support ring 215 h engages with a compression ring 215 c to compress and secure the open mouth 215 to the cavity for compressed air 213 in a unified and secure matter.
- the outer foam protective cover 214 is attached by adhesive using receiving grooves 218 to ensure alignment.
- an internal one-way check valve opens to draw in ambient air and as pump handle is depressed, the one-way check valve closes and compressed fluid (air) is injected via a pneumatic tube 219 and reaches pressure gauge 104 via a Y-fitting and thereafter reaches and is transmitted to the cavity for containing compressed air 213 and is sored therein.
- the one-way check valve functions and air pressure builds as the pump 200 is operated to build appropriate pressure based on the gauge 104 (short-pass length 25 psi, medium-pass-length 35 psi, long-pass-length 45 psi (maximum) as will be understood by those of skill in this art).
- a protective basket 110 is provided at the end of the bayonet member of the automated control launching system 300 so as to provide initial guidance (pivot and traverse) to ball 210 during a launch sequence and during movement into a desired passing zone position (left, right, up, down) and distances (short, medium, long) noted on ‘passing zone display’ 221 as will be discussed.
- the automated launch control system or automated launching direction system 300 includes a number of integrated components and systems to securely retain and then release ball 210 containing pressurized air in cavity 213 , as will be discussed, these include pivot rotation assembly 340 (up-down motion) and pivot-traverse system 350 (right-left motion), upon command.
- stable base 310 When actuated via the on/off switch 301 , stable base 310 supports a rotational motor support 311 (see FIG. 18 ) supporting a pivot shell 352 (see FIG. 17 ) within and upon base housing 101 which includes a first rotation motor 351 A on a traverse support 351 C for pivotably (left-right) rotating pivot-rotation assembly 340 via a gearing assembly 351 B, and a second rotation motor 353 via gearing assembly 353 B for elevationally pivoting-indexing rotation assembly 340 so that those of skill in this art will recognize that pivot-rotation assembly 340 via an integrated launch control system 370 is controlled to pivot (left-right) and elevate (up-down) relative to base housing 101 so as to position an extending bayonet member 360 at one of three elevation points (short, medium, long) and at one of four distance traverse points (left, left-off, right-off, right) and in any other elevation points and distant points as may be provided by the programmer control board 306 during a use thereof (and in
- Pivot-rotation member 340 includes, along with pivot traverse system 350 and as shown, within the combined automated control launching system 300 , an inner opening along the longitudinal length from the pneumatic tube for air 219 to the cavity for compressed air 213 in the ball 210 so as to convey fluid pressure to the ball 210 during a use.
- Bayonet member 360 includes an outer spiral groove 361 , as shown, for sliding engagement with the member 216 provided in the open mouth 215 of ball 210 so that ball 210 will be guided to spiral upon release.
- Pivot-rotation member 340 includes an outer housing 341 having two parts and which secures the base bayonet 362 in position thereon when assembled.
- a pressurizing-lock-release-launch motor 364 is securely received in a motor housing 365 and thorough a series of reduction gears 366 operates to engage a rotational lock-unlock member 367 relative about bayonet 360 on a sliding washer 367 a through engagement teeth.
- Lock-unlock member 367 includes one or more inwardly extending engagement lugs 368 , 368 which slidingly engage (and release) the respective one or more outwardly extending lock members 217 on the open mouth 215 forming an operating intake and release manifold or an operative valve lock and release system driven by the triggering of motor 364 .
- Control board member 306 includes a control board with any necessary elements to operate launching device and system 100 according to the methods and steps herein.
- Lock trigger 106 is a control step that indicates to control board member 306 which is in operative motor control of motor 364 to rotate the engagement ring lock and unlock member 367 containing engagement lugs 368 , 368 .
- ball 213 and thus the open mouth thereof 215 is positioned downwardly over the bayonet mount 360 in a sliding engagement so that respective lugs 217 are available to be slidingly engaged with lugs 368 9 which rotate thereto, and draw inwardly and seal open mouth 215 to the pivot-rotation member 340 and the bayonet mount 360 for pressurization via pump 200 .
- This forms a closed pressurization system for storing compressed air therein (mainly within cavity for compressed air 213 but also in part within pneumatic air tube 219 which communicates from the one-way check valve in pump 200 to pressure gauge 104 and thus to the cavity 213 )
- the user then operates pump handle 212 and follows instructions to reach a low (25 psi), medium (35 psi), or high pressure (45 psi) reading on the pressure gauge 104 .
- a user selects, via a selection trigger 107 (up/down, left/right) one of the LED indicated (via indicator pass-pathway displays 221 ) passing zones (left, left-left, right-right, and right) and distances the pressure on the pressurized gauge 104 has reached.
- An adaptive series of assembly and game-playing steps alternatively incudes but is not limited to those shown additionally in FIGS. 16 A to 16 B (an illustrated flow process extending in Steps 1-13 from FIG. 16 A to FIG. 16 B , as shown).
- the assembly set up for the system includes the following steps but may be modified or augmented depending upon the preferences of a user.
- air pressure pneumatic pressure, pressure, inflate, fluid pressure or other indicators are interchangeably and descriptively used to indicate a medium of pressurized gas used to operatively impart launching force (to launch) the play item, ball, etc. during a use of the present invention.
- the phrase ‘football’, ‘game ball’, ‘ball’ may be used interchangeably and descriptively to indicate the play item which is launched from the launching device.
- the ‘ball’ could be shaped as a recognized American football, a baseball, a rugby-ball, or any other type of play playing item which is operationally and operatively used herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.
- a “control board” or “automated controller” comprises an input device for receiving data, an output device for outputting data in tangible form (e.g. gear driver motors for motion and valve release, LED lighting, audio sound generation, depending upon passing zone positions, a permanent memory for storing data as well as computer code, and a microprocessor for executing computer code wherein said computer code resident in said permanent memory will physically cause said microprocessor to read-in data via said input device, process said data within said microprocessor and output said processed data via said output device.
- a “control board” or “automated controller” comprises an input device for receiving data, an output device for outputting data in tangible form (e.g. gear driver motors for motion and valve release, LED lighting, audio sound generation, depending upon passing zone positions, a permanent memory for storing data as well as computer code, and a microprocessor for executing computer code wherein said computer code resident in said permanent memory will physically cause said microprocessor to read-in data via said input device, process said data within said microprocessor and output said processed
- the apparatus and devices and the elements herein without limitation, and including the sub components such as operational structures, memory systems, control circuits, both electronic and pneumatic communication pathways, and related elements, control elements of all kinds, LED-control and display circuits and display systems and elements, audio-memory circuits and audio-play control and operation circuits, any necessary motor gearing, cams and motor driving elements, motor controls, sensor inputs, sensors, detectors, memory elements, processors and any combinations of these structures etc.
- a processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of sensors, memory devices microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration known in the art. These devices may also be used to select values and operations for the steps and for the actions described herein.
- a software module stored in a memory may reside in Random Access Memory (RAM), flash memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or any other form of tangible storage medium that stores tangible, non-transitory computer-based instructions.
- RAM Random Access Memory
- ROM Read Only Memory
- EPROM Electrically Programmable ROM
- EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM
- An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from, and operate according to the storage medium instructions controlling the hardware devices as noted herein.
- the storage medium may be integral to or separate from the processor.
- the processor and the storage medium may reside in reconfigurable logic of any type.
- the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof.
- Computer readable media can be an article comprising a machine-readable non-transitory tangible medium embodying information indicative of instructions that when performed by one or more machines result in computer implemented operations comprising the actions described throughout this specification.
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- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
Abstract
Description
-
- Step 1: Unpackage the product and access the battery compartment.
- Step 2: Insert batteries and close and securely fasten the battery compartment.
- Step 3: Optional step to insert the bayonet movement assembly (which may be provided pre-assembled).
- Steps 4-5: Insert the pump and rotate for secure engagement in a threaded installation.
- Step 6: Turn on the launching device and power the internal motor.
- Step 7: Slide the ball on to the launch tube of the bayonet housing assembly, and align the guide member on the inside of the football receiver with the spiral groove on the exterior of the launch tube of the bayonet housing assembly and fully insert the ball down over the launch tube to seat the ball within the basket safety housing.
- Step 8: Select a passing zone, via the play select feature, shown as a button, one of a distance and a play direction to select a desired passing zone (short, medium or long, and left, right, or center), which additionally causes the LED (light indicating diodes) in the passing zone indicia to light indicating the selected passing zone.
- Step 9: Actuate the lock button feature to engage the ball and secure against premature launching. This step also closes the internal pressure valve so that pressure can build. If this lock button feature is not engaged, any pump induced pressure will simply leak out.
- Step 10A: Once locked, the user uses the hand pump to input an amount of pressure into the pressurized volume relative to an intended distance (short-low (25 psi) pressure, medium-medium (35 psi) pressure, and long-high (45 psi) pressure).
- Step 10B: Next, the user presses the “Hike” button and the launching device operates (Step 11) through a pre-recorded sequence of movements based on the selected passing zone (Step 8) which indicates the pivot-
rotation member 340 andbayonet member 360 is traversing left/right and indexing up/down while both (i) passing zone lights flash and an audio play (“hike, hike”) and several musical notes are announced through the speakers and themotor 364 rotates the retaininglocking ring 367 and the game toy (ball) is released in aStep 12. - Step 13: End, and return to Step 7 by installing a further ball on the launch tube of the bayonet housing and repeat for further game play.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US17/865,321 US12257523B2 (en) | 2021-07-18 | 2022-07-14 | Launching device |
| CN202221850808.5U CN218076290U (en) | 2021-07-18 | 2022-07-18 | launcher |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US202163223020P | 2021-07-18 | 2021-07-18 | |
| US17/865,321 US12257523B2 (en) | 2021-07-18 | 2022-07-14 | Launching device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US20230201734A1 US20230201734A1 (en) | 2023-06-29 |
| US12257523B2 true US12257523B2 (en) | 2025-03-25 |
Family
ID=84480591
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US17/865,321 Active US12257523B2 (en) | 2021-07-18 | 2022-07-14 | Launching device |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12257523B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN218076290U (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20220126217A1 (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2022-04-28 | Bradley H. Owen | Air driven toy |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5819717A (en) * | 1997-06-12 | 1998-10-13 | Johnson Research And Development Company, Inc. | Launcher for a toy projectile or similar launchable object |
| US5839940A (en) * | 1997-01-27 | 1998-11-24 | Ensmenger; Gary E | Pressurized gas/water rocket and launcher therefor |
| US6006517A (en) | 1998-04-09 | 1999-12-28 | Spin Master Toys, Ltd. | Pneumatic engine |
| US20050103318A1 (en) * | 2003-10-18 | 2005-05-19 | Leal Jose E. | Projectile throwing or launching apparatus |
| US20090013983A1 (en) * | 2007-03-12 | 2009-01-15 | Polk Iii Louis F | Disk launching apparatus and methods |
| KR20160003434A (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2016-01-11 | 심상현 | a launcher of air rocket |
| US9700779B1 (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-07-11 | Jose Leal | Football throwing apparatus |
| US20170340943A1 (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2017-11-30 | Monarc Inc. | Delivery system for targeted launching of sports projectile |
-
2022
- 2022-07-14 US US17/865,321 patent/US12257523B2/en active Active
- 2022-07-18 CN CN202221850808.5U patent/CN218076290U/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5839940A (en) * | 1997-01-27 | 1998-11-24 | Ensmenger; Gary E | Pressurized gas/water rocket and launcher therefor |
| US5819717A (en) * | 1997-06-12 | 1998-10-13 | Johnson Research And Development Company, Inc. | Launcher for a toy projectile or similar launchable object |
| US6006517A (en) | 1998-04-09 | 1999-12-28 | Spin Master Toys, Ltd. | Pneumatic engine |
| US20050103318A1 (en) * | 2003-10-18 | 2005-05-19 | Leal Jose E. | Projectile throwing or launching apparatus |
| US20090013983A1 (en) * | 2007-03-12 | 2009-01-15 | Polk Iii Louis F | Disk launching apparatus and methods |
| KR20160003434A (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2016-01-11 | 심상현 | a launcher of air rocket |
| US20170340943A1 (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2017-11-30 | Monarc Inc. | Delivery system for targeted launching of sports projectile |
| US9700779B1 (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-07-11 | Jose Leal | Football throwing apparatus |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| Translation KR20160003434A (Year: 2016). * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20230201734A1 (en) | 2023-06-29 |
| CN218076290U (en) | 2022-12-20 |
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