US1213585A - Flying-machine. - Google Patents

Description

VV. H. BUSH.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAYIZ, |915.

Patented Jan. 23, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

. XH); I ff u l af,

l /lld i-- lil/ W. H. BUSH.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED IVIAY 12| 1916.

l. l mam Jan. 23,1911

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I ,II I :f Il.'I I I 1. 1'. I. |l II I I`\ I dkafgs., Zzwgiiwp W. H. BUSH..

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY I2, |916.

19% 39585, Patented Ian. 23,1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

W. H. BUSH.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAYIz. 191s.

Patented Jan. 23, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4- WILLIAM H. BUSH, kOF FRAMINGHAIVI, MASSACHUSETTS.

FLYING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 23, 1917.

Application filed May 12, 1916. Serial No. 97,190.

I To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that l, WILLIAM H. BUSH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Framingham, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Flying-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improvement in aeroplanes, of the combination type wherein permanently located buoyant bodies, as gas bags, or their equivalents, are utilized as a sustaining means, and planes provided for use in flightv as in the ordinary heavierthan-air machine. l

The buoyant bodies or gas bags, in the present machine, are arranged with a particular view to their utilization in maintaining the lateral stability of the machine in its direct elevation under the lifting propeller. and also with a view to maintaining the longitudinal stability of the machine in the independent sections grouped in direct flight of the machine under the driving propeller. n

Combination machines as heretofore constructed have proven diflicult of flight in direct lines,l owing to the air resistance of the gas bags, and the present invention aims to obviate this diiiculty in constructing and arranging the gas bags to present the minimum air resistance while yet providing suffi-- cient displacement to serve as sustalning rl`he gas bags are made up of particular relation to form a'sustainlng member of peculiar form, and are suitably sheathed to prevent rupture. 1

The propelling means involve independent elements such as lifting and driving propellers of any well-known type, and these are selectively operated from a single motor or engine at the will of the driver, so that it is possible to utilize either the lifting or driving propeller under any and all conditions of service. The respective propellers are particularly disposed with relation to the fixed gas bags in order that said gas bags may be utilized to provide, in a measure, banks of air against which the force of the propellers is more effectively directed.

The sustaining means, in the form of gas bags, are primarily designed for a displacement which will elevate a weight slightly less than that of the combined machine, driver, and contemplated passengers, and to aid in sustaining the machine in flight there is provided wings or planes of any accepted members.

type, arranged on each side of and preferbeing directly elevated or lowered, to which end the planes are mounted upon the longitudinal aXes and movable at the will of the driver, so that they 'may be arranged in either of two angularly related positions, in one being presented at right angles tothe longitudinal plane of the machine, to avoid air resistance in the direct elevation of the machine, and in the other to be arranged in such longitudinal plane of the machine for use as sustaining members in flight. The adjustment of the planes adapt their use for air brakes in direct flight, and for air-resisting elements to prevent a too-rapid descent of the machine.

The driving propeller is designed to be utilized as a rudder, in that it may be deected to one side or the other at the will of the driver, and also to be utilized asa flight retarding element through provision of means for reversing the blades. v

In the'drawings, Figure 1 is a View in side elevation of the improved machine. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a broken sectional view of the sustaining gas bags. Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional viewshowing the separate bag structures. Fig. 5 is a broken transverse sectional view taken above the supporting planes, the gas bags being omitted. Fig. 6 is a broken detail in elevation, showingthe means for adjusting the planes and for locking them in adjusted relation. Fig. 7 isA a front elevation of the same. Fig. 8 is a sectional detail showing the mounting for the driving propeller to adapt it for use as a rudder. Fig. 9 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same. Fig. 11 is a sectional detailpartly in elevation, showing the locking means for the manually operable elements which control the rudder adjustment of the propeller. Fig. 1Q is a detail in elevation showing the means for controlling the transmission intermediate the driving shaft and respective propeller shafts. Fig. 13 is a broken view in elevation showing the brake mechanism for the forward landing wheels. Fig. 14 is a sectional view showing the lock for the manually operable element of the braking mechanism, and, Fig. 15 is a view in elevation partly in section illustrating the 'supporting and operative connections for the rear landing wheel.v

Tn the preferred embodiment illustrated in the drawings, the improved machine com-- e passengers as the machine is designed to carry.

Rising from the body frame are the sustaining members 2, preferably gas bags. They are of identical'construction,. and each, as more particularly shown in Figs. 1 and 3, constitute skeleton frames 3, made up of a lseries of upright bars 4, connected by cross bars 5, and constituting side frames, brace bars connecting the side frames andinaintainingthein in that spaced relation contemplated for the width of the particular gas bag. As a part of the frame thus provided, there is arranged a connecting bar 7 which extends throughout the outline of the particular gas bag and is shaped in accordance with such outline, the 'connecting bar 7 forming the edge-bar of the gas bag and the respective ends of the cross bars 5 being curved inwardly in both directions into coincidence with the bar 7. Furthermore, in

lower ,endsbeingspaced apart a distance approximating the length of the body frame, the forward portion of the connecting bar extending upwardly and inclined forwardly from such body frame, therear portion of the connecting bar also extending upwardly but havingv a greater degree of v bag is locatedin rear-of the vertical plane e of the body frame 'than is arranged forward of such plane. It is by reason of this structure, as will later appear, that the longi' tudinal stability of the machine is maintained during its forwardwflight.

The frame thus provided 1s supplied with 5 5 aseries Aof independent gas bags 8, prefer.

ably appropriately formed envelops extending throughout the height of the gas .bag

and disposed between the bar s'6.l Therre-E g spective envelops 8 are Wholly independent, 6 0 one from another, which envelops may, if

. desired, be dividedby transverse partitions to form a series of independent cells, though this familiar detail in a structure of thisl type is not deemed necessary of illustration.

The gas bag proper, considered as an enoutline, the bar 7 is of peculiar shape, its

inclination'from-the body frame than the inmensa tirety, is provided with a protecting covering 9, such as sheet metal or the like, overlying the frame described and following the outline thereof, as shown in' Fig. 3. `This covering acts to prevent puncture of the independent gas containers or envelops while at the same time preventing an undue distention of any one, providing, in eect, a rigid case within which are arranged the independent cells or envelops which are to be filled with buoyant gas.

An important feature of the present invention resides inthe relative dispositions of the respectivesustaining members, \\f'hich will be generally hereinafter termed gas bags, in that they are secured at their lower ends with their vertical' axes in line with the extreme outer edges of the body frame and their horizontal axes longitudinally of such frame. Furthermore, the frames of theY respectivev gas bags incline upwardly and outwardly from the body frame, or, in other words, diverge,l presenting a maximum spacing at their extreme upper ends. Brace frames 10 connect the respective gas bag frames and maintain them in the fixed relation described, tie rods 11 being provided to further insure the security of the structure.

Rotatably supported, centrally of the brace frame, including the barsfl() is a propeller shaft 12, on the upper end of which is arranged a propeller 13 of any desired form, adapted for use as a lifting propeller. This propeller is arranged between the gas bags and belowtheir extreme upper ends, operating thus at all times within ,the -rectangula-r space of which the gas bags may V b e said to form side walls. The lower end lof the propeller shaft terminates in a bevel s gear 14 slightly above the body frame, and:

rotatably supported on an auxiliary frame structure 15 secured to the body frame and base framesis a second propeller shaft 16. This shaft supports the driving propeller 1'?` and is provided on its relatively forward end with a gear 18. The gears 14 andy 18 are preferably arranged within a transmission case 19, intowhich also projects a driving shaft 20, from a motor 21, such as a gas engine or the like. The transmission mechanism includes a sleeve 22 keyed for longitudinal movement with the driving shaft 20,

the sleeve having a bevel gear 23 and a spur gear 24 adapted to engage, when adjusted,

the bevel gear 14 of the liftingpropellershaft and the spur gear 18 of the driving propeller shaft, respectively.A 3

The transmissionis controlled by a shifting lever 25 having `pin-and-slot connec- 'tion alt 26 with the sleeve, the .shaft of which lever is providedbeyond the case 19 with qangularly related arms 27, 28. Thev respective arms are connected by cables 29 i pulleys 31, mounted on the frame, and are connected, respectively, to arms 32 and 33, supported upon the yshaft 34, mounted upon the mainil frame within convenient reach of the foot of lthe driver. An operating lever 35 is connected to the shaft 34, and carries a spring-pressed catch 36, to engage one of a plurality of notches 37 in a notched segment 38 secured to the main frame. A spring 39 is connected to onel of the arms as 33, and to an. adjacent part of the main frame, the spring serving to induce action in one direction of the shaft 34, so thatl the operator may actuatethe shaft in one direction, by pressure of his foot upon the terminal of the lever 35, and permit operation in the other direction under the influence of the spring 39.

Supporting planes 40 are designed to be used in connection with the sustaining members 2, these planes being specifically constructed in any desired manner andof any preferred material, as `will adapt them for the use intended. y The planes are mounted immediately below the lower ends of the sustaining members of gas bags, and, as it is obvious, that in case of Hight, the planes will be disposed in the plane of Hight, or slightly divergent therefrom, it is clear that in this position the planes would act to re-l sist the direct elevation ofthe machine under the lifting propeller.` To avoid this air resistance, the planes must be adjustable, Y

' and for this purpose they are mounted upon a transverse shaft 41, passing through the' body frame, preferably at the upper portion thereof, the connections of the planes with the shaft being Yfixed. To permit adjustment, and to lock the planes in such adjusted position, the shaft'41 adjacent each side bar of the main frame, has secured thereon a disk 42 formed at preferred points with peripheral notches 43. Slidably supported in a bracket 44, secured to the main frame bar, is a latch 45 having a nose-end adapted for coperation -with either of the notches 43. The latch is spring-pressed in locking direction by a spring 46. The respective latches, there being one adjacent each longitudinal side bar of the main frame, are simultaneously operated through the medium of cables 47, terminally connected to the latches and extending vertically of the body frame and fixed at the lower ends to a preferred part thereof. As the drivers seat will be arranged at one side of the center'of the main frame, one of the cables 47, that is from the relatively remote latch, may be guided through suitable pulleys 48 transversely of the main frame, so that it will depend immediately adjacent the cable from the remaining latch. Both cables may be thus grasped Iby one hand and 4drawn upon tooperate the latches, such Cables, if desired, being connected into one i strand. The shaft 41 about centrally of the As illustrated in Fig. 6, I have shown` locking means permitting of but two adjustments of the planes, though it will be understood that other adjustments may be readily provided for by the use of additional notches. By withdrawing the catches and suitably pulling upon one side or the other of the cable 50, the driver may adjust the planes, in the instance illustrated, to either a vertical or horizontal position, at will, providing for the use of such planes as sustaining planes during Hight or their elimination as air resisting elements in the direct elevation of the machine.

The invention contemplates the use of a `driving propelleras a rudder and also as a peller shaft 16 is thus free for lateral swinging movement, so as to position the propeller to one side or the other of the longitudinal axis of the machine, and hence utilize this propelling force for steering purposes. To control the degree of adjustment for this purpose, the respective sides of the carriage 53 are connected through cables 56, extended over suitably guiding pulleys, to hand bars. 57 arranged on opposite sides of the driver seat, so that in the posit-ive operation of either hand bar, the propeller shaft, and therefore the propeller, will be shifted laterally' for use as a rudder.

To insure a neutral or normal driving position for the propeller, I contemplate locking the hand bars 57 when the parts are in such position. A simple means for this end is shown in Fig. 11, wherein each hand bar is provided with a fixed lug 58 adapted to be engaged by a` spring-pressed lever 59 mounted in a suitable casing 60 through which the hand bar slides. A push button operator -61 is connected to one end of the lever to permit its manual operation torelease the lock, when desired.

rEhe driving propeller is also designed to be used as a retarder and reverse driver, gaining this result through a reversal of the propeller. blades. This is accomplished at the will of the driver by means shown more y particularly in Figs. 9 and 10, whereinthe i again changethe propeller blades. '40

rear end of the propeller shaft is enlarged, or otherwise formed, to provide a vhollow extension 62. The extension is formed with diametrically opposed slots 63 through which'extends the stub shaft 641-1 carrying the blades 65. vOn the shaft 64 within the hollow `extension 62 is fixed a gear 66, and.

a rack 67 is secured within the extension to coperate with the gear. rlhe stub shaft 64' beyond the extension is rotatably mounted in brackets 68 extending forwardly fromla ring 69 which slidably engages thev extension 62. An annular operating member 70 encircles the ring 69, havingy shouldered connections at 71- therewith, a-nd being mounted for independent rotative movement therethrough. The annular operating member 70 is connected, through the medium of links 7 2, with levers 73 secured upon a shaft rotatably mounted in the carriage 53, one lever 73 being below the shaftand connected on opposite sides of the fulcrum, through the medium of cables 74;, 75, with the respective ends of a bar 76 pivotally supported within reach. of the driver, and controlled construction provides a means conveniently accessible to the driver, by which the driving propeller may be reversed, in effect, to

utilize it as a retarding element in the iight of the machine, or as a reverse drive.

Landing mechanism or the means for supporting the machine on the surface of the ground involves a wheel structure, embodying, 4in the essential details, as illustrated, a pair of forward wheels 78 and a sin le rear wheel 79, these wheels being movaly mounted in bearings carried by auxiliary framesl depending from i the main frame.` rllhe forward wheelsare mounted in. bearing blocks 8O slidable in a bearing 81 in the auxiliary frames, and cushioned against upward thrust by a spring. 82. These wheels are preferably mounted upon a single shaft y or axle 83, and the wheels al'e each provided with brake drums 84 to be engaged by the f usual brake bands '85.. The` brakes on both wheels are ysimultaneously operated through p a shaft 86 connected for actuating said brakes, and centrally provided with a fixed radial arm'87, connected to Ithe lower end of the rod 88, which projects upwardly and remesa i larged at the lower end, as at 93, to permit.

the passage of the bar 91 therethrough. ln use, the brake rod is moved downwardly until the cross rod 91 is in line with the enlarged portion of the opening 93, whereupon pressure upon the brake rod causes the bar to pass through the opening, and, at'the same time, so operate the shaft( 86 as to set 'the brakes. Release of such pressure causes the spring 90 to move the brake rod upwardly with the cross bar on the lower side of the plate 92, and thus maint-ain the brakes set. Obvious operation of the brake rod releases the brakes.

rlhe rear wheel 7 9 is designed for use as a free supporting wheel,',in order that it may readily follow the direction of travel of the machine on the surface. 'llo permit such movement, the wheel is mounted in forks 94 having an upwardly extending post 95, which, as shown in lEig. 15, is mounted for freev rotary movement in the sleeve member v96. The" sleeve `member is fixed against movement in the block 97 which is rotatably mounted, preferably in the manner shown in saidl ligure, upon one ofthe rear frame bars of the main or body frame. VThe upper end of thefsleeve member 96 is connected by a spring 98 with the body frame, the' springserving to maintain a normal position of the rear wheel, while permitting its vertical movement under strain, and on the main frame bar, the spring, of course, 'ref not only prevent puncture of said gas bags,

but to insure an absolutely uniform contour. rllhe lifting propeller operates wholly ilo between the gas bags and approximately at their point of maxlmum spread. As the gas bags are arranged below the propeller, itis obvious that the air disturbed by such propeller will be banked, in effect, and thus render more e'ective thelifting action of such propeller. Furthermore, the gas bags present their minimum dimension in the line of travel of the machine in the flying operation, and hence the air resistance incidentl to the presence of'such gas bags is reduced to a= minimum. Furthermore, it is to be noted, that assuming the center of the body nalaten frame as the longitudinal axis of the machine, a larger proportion of the gas bags 1s in rear of such axial line. This increases the buoyant tendency in the rear of the machine, and hence the driving action of the driving propeller with its tendency to disturb the longitudinal stability of the machine is overcome, and the machine completed to travel in an upright position. The divergence of the gas bags is also important, as it tends to counteract any tendency to a lateral tilting of the machine in rising. The supporting planes are to be turned to a vertical position during the direct upward movement of the machine under the influence of the lifting propeller, and are then to be turned to a horizontal position for supporting purposes during the travel of the machine, under the influence of the driving propeller. However, if, during the driving action, it is desirable to retard the machine, it is possible to secure such effect by reversing the blades of the driving propeller, or, if increased retardation is desired, by again turning the planes to the vertical position, so that they will act as brakes. The driving propeller through the means hereinbefore described, may be shifted laterally so that it will readily serve as a rudder in controlling the movement of flight.

The machine shown provides aseat support 99 on which is arranged a drivers seat 100vand a passenger seat 101. Various controls hereinbefore described are, of course, to be within convenient reach of the driver, and, if desired, in order to avoid disturbing the stability of the machine, a weight of preferred form (not shown) may be carried in the passenger seat, in the absenceA of a passenger.

The motor is here illustrated as a gas engine, and a sprocket and chain connection 102 extends from the crank shaft of such motor to a hand crank shaft 103 for cranking purposes. Fuel supply from a tank 104C is supported between the gas bags above the motor and a carbureter 105 receiving the supply by gravity through a feed pipe 106.

Through a series of cables and levers, designated generally by 107, l extend a means within reach of the driver for the control of the gas supply to the engine.

All of the details of the motor, fuel connections, and control are designed to be merely typical illustration, as any preferred details in this connection may be used.

if claimz- 1. A flying-machine comprising a body frame, gas bags extended above said frame in upwardly divergent relation, means arranged between the gas bags for elevating the machine and means arranged beyond the gas bags for propelling the machine.

2. A flying-machine comprimng a body frame, gas bags having their maximum dimension vertically of the machine including a shell of 1fixed' maximum contour rising above the body frame, means for elevating the machine, and 'means for propelling the machine, the gas bags extending forwardly and rearwardly of the body frame with the rearward extension of greater area to maintain longitudinal stability of the machine under the action of the driving means.

3. A flying-machine comprising a body frame, gas bags risingfromfthe respective sides of the frame in upwardly divergent relation, each gas bag including a. metallic sheathing of fixed contour, a series of independent gas envelops arranged in the sheathing and a frame supporting the sheathing and dividing the gas envelops, elevating means for the machine arranged between the gas bags and a propelling means for the machine arranged in rear of the gas bags.

4. A flying-machine comprising a body frame, gas bags rising therefrom in upwardly divergent relation, and elevating means for the machine arranged between the gas bags, and propelling means for the machine arranged in rear of the gas bags, and supporting planes secured to and projecting beyond the body frame.

5. A flying-machine comprising a body frame, gas bags rising therefrom in upwardly divergent relation, and elevating' mea-ns for the machine arranged between the gas bags, and propelling means for the machine arranged in rearof the gas bags, and supporting planes secured to and projecting beyond the body frame, and means carried by the body frame for adjusting the supporting planes into a. plurality of angularly related positions to permit said planes to be turned in approximate line of movement of the machine in elevating and in driving.

6. A flying-machine comprising a body frame, a plurality of spaced gas bagstherefor, supporting planes arranged approximately at the juncture of the gas bags and the body frame,.means for similarly adjusting said planes into either of two rightangularly related positions, means arranged between the gas bags for elevating the machine and means arranged in rear of the gas bags for driving the machine.

7. A flying-machine comprising a body frame, gas bags secured at their lower edges to the upper side edges of the frame, said gas bags being upwardly divergent with respect to the frames, an elevating propeller for the machine arranged below the upper ends of the gas bags and in the space between them to utilize the converging space between the gas bags below said propeller to bank the air and a driving means for the machine arranged in rear of the gas bags.

8. A dying-machine comprising a body frame, gas bags rising therefrom in upwardly divergent relation, an elevating pro- A* peller for the machine arranged intermediate t termediate the gas bags, a driving propeller the gas bags, the divergentJ relation of said gas bags serving to maintain the lateral stability of the machine in rising, said gas bags extending forwardly and rearwardly of the plane of the body frame with the maximum extension in rear thereof, and a driving means for the machine arranged inrear of the gas bags and below the extended portion thereof, the increased rearward extension of the gas bags serving to maintain the longitudinal stability of the machine in forward flight.

9. A flying-machine comprising a body frame, gas bags rising therefrom, elevating and driving propellers for said machine, a shaft mounted transversely of the body frame, supporting-planes secured to said shaft on opposite sides of the frame, notched disks secured upon said shaft, spring-pressed latches carried by the frame to engage the notches in the disk, means extended to the body frame for operating the latches to release the disks, a cross-bar secured to thev shaft and an operating cable connected to the respective ends of the cross-bar, and movably connected to a guide element on the body frame and serving to turn the shaft to angularly adjust the supporting-planes following operation of the latches to release the locking disks.

10. A flying-machine comprisinga body frame, gas bags and supporting'planes carried. thereby, said gas-bags having their maximum dimensions vertically of the bodyframe, an elevating propeller arranged inarranged in rear of the gas bags, a motor carried by the body frame, a transmission forjselectively operating the elevating propeller or driving propeller, and means for operating the transmission.

11. flying-machine comprising a body frame, divergent .j upwardly extending gas bags and adjustable supporting planes carried thereby, an elevating propeller arranged intermediate the gas bags, an operating shaft therefor, a driving propeller aranged in rear of the gas bags, an operating-shaft therefor, a motor having adriving-shaft, a transmission including a sleeve mounted on the driving-shaft having gearing connections for the respective propeller shafts, andy means for operating said sleeve to selectlvely gear the driving-shaft to either propeller shaft.

12. A flying-machine comprising a body frame, upwardly extending andfdivergent versal joint, means for mountin nordsee framefupwardly extending and divergent gas bags and adjustable supporting planes carried thereby, an elevating propeller arranged intermediate the'gas bags, a driving l. propeller arranged in rear of the gas bags, and having a driving-shaft with a universal connection, a carriage for rotatably supporting the propeller connected end of said shaft, a track secured to the body frame on which the carriage is adapted for movement, and means for moving the carriage in either direction on said track to shift the propeller to one side or the other of the normal driving position for use as a rudder.

14. A dying-machine comprising a body frame, gas bags and supporting planes carrie'd thereby, an elevating propeller arrangedintermediate the gas bags, a driving propeller arranged in rear of the gas bags, and having a driving-shaft formed' with a hollow terminal, a stub-shaft to which the propeller blades are connected mounted for longitudinal movement in said hollow terminal, a gear carried by the stub-shaft within the hollow terminal, a rack secured within the hollow terminal tobe engaged by the gear, and means for shifting the stub-shaft longitudinally of the hollow terminal to reverse the propeller blades.

15. A flying-machine comprising al body frame, having gas bags and supportingplanes, an elevating propeller arranged between the gas bags, a driving propeller arranged in rear of the gas bags, and having a driving-shaft including a universal joint, a carriage rotatably supporting the shaft and movable on the track carried by the body frame to shift the propeller for use as a rud-V der, means for operating the carriage, the propeller end of the driving-shaft forming a hollow terminal, a stub-shaft carrying the propeller blades mounted fory movement longitudinally of said hollow terminal, gearing connections within said hollow terminal to turn the stub shaft in such longitudinal movement, and means adapted for manual operation to move the'stub shaft longitudinally of the hollow terminal of the driving-shaft. I

16. A dying-machine comprising a bodylZ@A frame, gas bags and supporting-planes carried thereby, an elevating-propeller arranged between the gas bags, a driving-propeller arranged in rear of the gas bags andl including an. operatingshaft having a unithe propeller connected end of the shaft forbodily' movement to one side or the `other ofthe normal driving position to utilize 'the propeller as a rudder, operating-mbers for such-,13W

means extended to and having control elements mounted on the body frame, connections between the propeller blades and operating shaft to reverse the position of said blades at will, means for operating the connections including cables extended to the body frame and connected to control elements thereon.

17. A dying-machine comprising a body frame, gas bags and supporting-planes carried thereby, driving and elevating propellers connected to the frame, and a landing and ground-traveling structure including forward wheels and a rear wheel, a block for supporting the rear wheel mounted for rotation on a `ixed part of the body frame, a sleeve longitudinally movable in said block, a wheel-carrying frame mounted for free rotative movement in said sleeve, and a spring connecting one end of the sleeve with the body frame to normally position the block with respect to the frame. 3

18. A flying machine comprising a body frame, gas-bags extending above said frame in upwardly divergent relation, and elevating means arranged between the gas bags.

19. A. flying machine comprising a bodyframe, having upwardly extending divergent gas bags,and propelling means arranged between and adjacent the upper ends or" the gas bags. i

20. ln a flying machine, a body frame, a lifting propeller arranged above the body frame, casings rising from the body frame on opposite sides of and extending above the propeller, and a series of independent gas containers arranged in each casing.

21. ln ya flying machine, a body frame, a.

lifting propeller arranged above the body frame, and casings for gas containers rising from the body frame on opposite sides of and extending above the propeller, each casing being of gradually increased cross section from the body frame toward the .propeller.

22. ln a flying machine, a body frame, a lifting propeller arranged above the body frame, and casings for gas containers rising from the bodyframe on opposite sides of and extending above the propeller, said casings having their maximum cross section just below the propeller.

23. lin a iying machine,a body frame, a lifting propeller arranged above the body frame, and casings for gas containers rising from the body frame on opposite sides of and extending above the propeller, said casings extending beyond the propeller, forwardly and rearwardly thereof.

ln testimony whereof, ll have signed my name to this'specication, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

Afirman n. nnen.

Witnesses B. Si.. Noms,

H. B. DAW/rs.

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