US1203841A - Centrifugal air-pump. - Google Patents

Description

P. A. BANCEL;

CENTRiFUGAL AIR PUMP.

APPLICATION HLED SEPT. 10. 1913.

Patented Nov. 7', 1916.

a SHEETS-SHEET 1.

INVENTOR WITNESSES v A TTORNE Y P. A. BANCEL.

CENTRIFUGAL AIR PUMP.

-APPL|CA1|ON FILED SEPT 10. 1913.

Patented Nov. 7', 1916.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2- WITNESSES IN VENTOR & ATTORNEY Y Pumps,

- exhausters PAUL A. BANCEL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

onlvtriainueai. AIR-PUMP.

un-m,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed September 10, 1913.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, PAUL A. Banonn, a

citizen of the United States of America, residing in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Centrifugal Airof which the following is a true and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof. My present invention relates to centrifugal air pumps of the type largely used as for withdrawing air and other mcondensed gases or vapors from steam condensers, and in which the gaseous fluid is set in motion and compressed by means of jets of water 01' other liquid which forms the fluid passing into contact with and directly set into motion by the rotary impeller of the pump.-

The primary object of the invention is to provide a simple and reliable air pump of the kind referred to, adapted for operation at high e'fiiciency and with a relatively large capacity for handling air.

In carrying out my invention I employ a pump which may be like any of the approved and efficient types of centrifugal Water pumps inso far as its impeller, impeller, chamber and water supply connections are concerned. My improved pump difiers from the ordinary forms of pumps,

however, in that I provide it with a collecting chamber wholly or partially surrounding the impeller chamber and receiving all or a part of the discharge therefrom which is so shaped that, unlike the ordinary diffusion chamber, it passes the water entering it Without any appreciable reduction in velocity and consequently without converting any substantial portion of the velocity energy of the water into energy of pressure. In conkjunction, with the specially shaped collecting chamber I provide means for separating the Water Without reduction of velocity other than that due to unavoidable friction losses into a plurality of streams, advantageously of flat ribbon-like shape and discharge these streams through the air chamber of the pump into a discharge nozzle or ejector.

The latter is shaped to convert enough of the energy of velocity of the Water and the air or other gaseous fluid caught up or entrained by the water into pressure to give the desired delivery pressure at the outlet of the ejector or discharge nozzle.

air chamber or and turther reduce the friction and shock elevation taken on the line Patented Nov. a, relic Serial No. 789,020.

There is, of course, a certain loss of energy in the operation of my improved pump due to the frictional resistance to the flow of the water through the collecting chamber and the shock losses therein. These losses are minimized, however, by the fact that a por-' tion of the water discharged by the impeller may pass directly without any change in-its direction of flow into the air chamber of the pump. To increase the proportional amount of the water directly discharged into the air chambers of the'pump losses, I may provide two or more collecting chambers, each extending along a portion of the periphery of the impeller chamber and discharging into acorresponding air chamber. In some cases also I may discharge a portion of the water into a specially shaped collecting chamber through which the water passes without material reduction in veiocity', and discharge another portion of the water passing through the impeller into a. diffusion chamber of the ordinary form in which a netic energy of the water is converted into pressure in the usual manner.

While my invention is capable of general useas an exhauster, itis of special utility when used as a rotary condenser or in, and as a part of, a steam condensing plant in one or another of the Ways hereinafter described in detail.

The various features of noveltywvhich characterize my invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this specification. For a better understanding of the invention, however, and of the advantages possessed by it, reference should be had to the accom an in drawin s and descri tive matter in which I have illustrated and describedforms in which my invention may be embodied.

Of the drawings: Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of one form offair ing my invention; Fig. 2 is a section on the line 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. ;3 is a section on the line 3--3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4. is a section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a sectional illustrating a modified form of apparatus; Fig. 6 is a section taken on the line 66 of Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation ofanother form of pumpembodying my invention; Fig. Sis a sectional elevation. of a considerable proportion of the ki-- 55 of Fig. 6,

pump embody pumip having two special diffusion chambers Fig. 9'is a sectional elevation of a pump in which movable means are employed to break up -the water into streams or jets; Fig. 10 is a plan view of a part employed in Fig. 9; Fig. 11 is a somewhat diagrammatic representation, partlyin sectional elevation, of a condensing plant in which one form of my improved pump is used; Fig. 12 is a diapeller chamber A having inlet eyes or openings A at opposite sides which receive water or other liquid through the branched supply pipe A. The rotary impeller B working in the impeller chamber A may be of the usual type employed in centrifugal water pumps delivering against fairly high heads. The impeller chamber A opens at its periphery into a volute collecting or discharge chamber A, which unlike the ordinary diffusion chamber is'shaped to pass the water discharged into it by the impeller without converting any considerable portion of the kinetic energy of the water into pressure. From the chamber A, the water is discharged into the air chamber A into whichthe air, steam, or other gaseous fluid to be condensed or compressed and set in motion is admitted,- and means are provided for dividing the water passing into the chamber A up intoseparate streams or jets inorder to increase the ehtraining effect of discharge space.

.tion' of which may open .into the atmosphere or into some suitable receptacle or When the water passes into the discharge nozzle in parallel sheets of considerable width as may be the case with the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 4 the nozzle A may well be rectangular in outline, as shown in Fig. 4.

With the apparatus shown in Figs. 1 to 4, it will be apparent that the shock losses are reduced to a practical minimum. Fur thermore, there is no loss of energy due to the conversion of the energy of velocity of the water discharged by the im peller into pressure and a subsequent conversion of pressure into velocity and its reconversion into pressure, as is inherently involved where a centrifugal water pump of ordinary type discharges into a-liquid jet ejector of ordinary type. Inasmuch as the collecting chamber A is shaped to oil'er a the water. 'As shown in Figs. 1 to 4, the 7 water issuing from the chamber A is divided into a plurality of'flat streams by means of. a plurality of spaced apart hollow wedge shaped baiiles A. Preferably as shown the water spaces between adjacent bafiles A are of uniform thickness from one end to the other. The hollow space in.

each bafiie is open at its side and outer end edges to the chamber-A and the air or other gaseous fluid admitted to the chamber A 'is thus free to pass into the spaces A at their side edges. The flat streams or sheets into which the water issuing from the diffusion chamber A is divided by the bafiies A give a. large aggregate 'entraining surface and the air or other gaseous fluid to be trained and condensed or set in motion and compressed may enter thespaces between the streams from the air spaces A as well as directly from the air chamber A. The jets of water and air admixed with it are resistance, so small as to be practically negligible, to the discharge fromthe impeller, and the use of the invention imposes no limi-- tations on the shape of the impeller, impeller chamber or water supply means, other than that the impeller shall deliver water with the desired tangential velocity, it is apparent that the water handling efficiency of the pumpmay be of the highest order and that the pump may have a very considerable suction efi'ect. Owing to the large aggregate entraining surface of the water discharged into the air chamber A, the high velocity with which the water enters this chamber, and the freedom which the air has to flow into contact with the streams of water passinginto the chamber the air handling capacity of a givensize of my improved pump is large in comparison with centrifugal jet pumps heretofore known.

, The device AA shown in Figs. 5 and 6 differs from that shown in Figs. 1 to 4 in that the hollow ba-fiies A and'spaces A therein are.vertical, so that the streams into which the water is divided and between which the air or other gaseous fluid is en- In this respect the construction shown in Figs. '1 to 4 will give higher shock losses in theejector portion than will the construction of Figs. 5 and 6. The higher ejector efliciency of-Figs. 5 and 6 is ofiset to some extent, however, by the fapt'thatit has a somewhat smaller air entrapping eifect. It

.will be obvious of course that the ejector nozzle of Figs. 5 and 51 might be inclined tn the right or left as seen in Fig. 6, to obtain the sameair entrapping efiect as is had with the construction shown in Figs. 1 to i.

The device AB shown in Fig. 7 differs from that shown in Figs. 1 to a in that the collecting chamber A through which the water passes with undimlnished velocity Water pumped by it against a high head, as

in the ordinary operation of centrifugal pumps, and to deliver another portion oi air or other gaseous fluid.

the water at a lower head but at higher velocity and to utilize a portion of the energy thereof in compresslng and giving motion to The ,device AG shown in Fig. 8 difcers ifromfthe device A shown in Figs. 1 to 4 25 chambers A, each half encircling the impellerj chamber and each discharging into a separate converging nozzle portion A and .drawing air through a separate air inlet primarily in that there are two collecting conduit A shown in Fig. is employed to withdraw air from the low vacuum condenser section 19, and also to discharge, through the difiu-.

sion chamber A, cooling water which passes 1n series as inollcatedby the arrows through the condenser sections D and E. It

In Figs. 9 and 101" have shown an airpump'. construction difiering from that 'showrl'yin Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, in that kinetic mean are employed for subdividing the water passing from the collecting chamber A oflthe pump AD into the air chamber A, The means employed for this purpose as shown in Figs. 9 and 10, comprise a turbine wheel C mounted in the discharge end of'the chamber A 'and set in motion by the water passing through it. The vanes C of this wheel serve to break up the stream of water passing. through the turbine wheel into the converging portion A of the discharge nozzle.

In Fig. 11 I have illustrated an advantageous use of my present invention in connection with a multistage condensing plant,

F represents a multistage turbine, the high will of course be apparent that the air might be withdrawn from the high vacuum condenser section D and discharged into the low vacuum condenser section E as in Fig. 11, but, as shown, a separate pump AG is connected to the shell of the condenser section B to withdraw the air therefrom. The pump AG may be identical in construction and in its mode of connection to the condenser shell D, with the pump AE,'and the mode of connection of the latter to the condenser shell as shown in Fig. 11. The arrange.

out unduly increasing the power consumed.

In Fig. 13 I have shown a form of pump whichnnay he and is shown as being identical with the form shown in Figs. 1 to a, employed to withdraw water from the hot well G? of a condenser G through the conduit G and to withdraw the air from the condenser G. As shown the air outlet G of the convacuum stage F of which exhausts intoa,

high vacuum condenser section D, while an intermediate turbine stage F exhausts into the lower vacuum condenser section l]. Water of condensation drains from the high vacuum section F of the turbine and the high vacuum condenser section D into the low vacuum condenser section. E. throu pipes F and D respectively.

.drawn from the high vacuum section B or" the condenser and compressed up to the pressure 1n, and dehvered to the low vacuum secdenser is connected to the air chamber A out departing from the spirit of my invention, and that under some Conditions certain features of my invention may be used with out a corresponding use of other features.

Having'now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A pump of the kind described comprising in combination a cylindrical liquid impeller, a casing formed with an impeller chamber, a liquid supply connection thereto, a gaseous fluid chamber, a compressing nozzle outlet from the latter and a collecting chamber into which said impeller chamber opens at its periphery and having an outlet to said gaseous fluid chamber, said collecting chamber and its outlet being shaped to pass the liquid leaving the impeller chamber and discharged into said gaseous fluid chamber with but small change in velocity.

2. A pump of the kind describedcomprising 1n combination acylindrical liqud impeller, a casing formed with an impeller chamber, a liquid supply connection thereto,

a gaseousfluid chamber, a compressing n0zzle outlet from the latter, a'collecting chamber into which said impeller chamber opens at its periphery and having an outlet to said gaseous fluid chamber, said collecting chamof water entering said her into a plurality- ,Streams to increase the a gaseous fluid chamber,

Pellets a i '.chamber,'fa"-liqu d a' collecting chamber into '60 shaped to pass,

her and its outlet being shaped to pass the liquid leaving the impeller chamber and discharged into said gaseous fluid chamber with but small change in velocity and means in said outlet for dividing the stream of liquid entering said gaseous fluid chamber to increase the surface area of the liquid.

3. A pump of the kind described comprismg peller,- a casing formed with an impeller chamber, a liquid supply connection thereto,

a compressing nozzle outlet from thelatter, a collecting chamber into which said impeller chamber opens at its periphery and having an outlet to said aseous fluid chamber, said collecting cham- ,er andits outlet being shaped to passthe in velocity and means gaseousfluid chamof paralleljets or surface area of the liquid. 1 j

4. A pump of'thekindzdescribd compris ing in 'combinatio supply connection thereto,

peller chamber" opens at its periphery and the liquid 5 but small'conversion of velocity into pres"- discharged from the 1n combination a cylindrical liquid imn, a ceiitrifugal liquid inif 'formed-a wi'th an impeller.

which said im-' entering it With .fluid chamber.

A pump of the kind described comprising in combination, a centrifugal liquid impeller, a casing formed with an impeller chamber, a liquid supply connection thereto, a collecting chamber into which said impeller'chamber opens at its periphery and shaped to pass the liquid entering it with but small conversion of velocity, into pressure, a gaseous fluid chamber: into which the liquid is discharged from "said collecting chamber and inclined to the llquld entering said gaseous fluid chamber.

6. A pump of the kind described comprising in combination, a centrifugal liquid impeller, a casing formed with animpeller chamber, a liquid supply connection thereto, a plurality of receiving chambers spaced about-the periphery of'said' impeller chamher and each receiving a portion of the liquid impeller chamber, and provisions operating in conjunction With one or more but not all of chambers forcausinga gaseous fluid to be entrained and-compressed by the liquid passing through the. corresponding receiving chambers.

7 A pump ofthe kind described comprising in combination, a centrifugal liquid impeller, a casingformed with an impeller chamber, a liquid supply connection thereto, a plurality. of receiving chambers spaced about the peripheryof said impeller chamher and each receiving a portion. of the of spaced 5 es located in a compressing nozzle outlet from the latter, the axis of said nozzle being,

direction ofmovement of the q said receiving n liquid discharged from the Impeller chain her, one or more of said receiving chambers being shaped to passtheliquid entering-it with butsmall conversion of velocity into pressure, a gaseous fluid chamber for, and.

Pat na Banana.

V Iii. rece ving the hquld passing through each;-

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