US1201531A - Revoluble retort. - Google Patents

Description

I W. THDMAS. REVOLUBLE RETORT.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4, I915.

Patented 00. 17, 1911;.

other valuable products.

WALTEE QHIGHAS, i033 El'fiilllfilhi l), BEITISH QQL'UHIBIA, .QdiIdZADA.

- nnvonnnnn lessons.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Get. 17, 1916.

Aphliczition nee J1me e, 1915. seriail lilo. genes.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, lVAL'rnn TnoMAs, a subject of the King; of Great Britain, residing at Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Revoluble Retorts, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to e. revoluble gas fired retort for distilling coal, generating illuminating gas, producing cokeand other valuable products.

The principal object of my invention. is to provide for more rapidly and uniformly carbonizing coal at a lower temperature than is possible with the methods and apparatus now generally in use in the manufactureof gas, whereby destructive decomposition of the valuable volatile ill-uminants will be avoide :lresulting in increased yield of gas-and whereby inferior grades of coal, or practically Waste coal of the dumps, can

' be economically and profitably distilled for production of gas, benzol.

motor spirits and Another object of my invention is to provide a revoluble retort which can be uniformly heated while in motion by numerous gas flames-discharging at different points into passages throughout its length and circumference,including means for feeding fuel gas to a plurality of Bunsen burners, in the length of a passage or flue, means for conducting oil illuminating gas generat-ed, means for continuously or periodically feeding coal to the revoluble retort, and means fordischarging the resulting coke as required; and certain details of construction, as will appear in the following description and embodied in the claims.

The matter constituting my invention Will be defined in the claims.

I will now describe the details of construction by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure '1 represents a longitudinal vertical section of a l'BVUlllblG retort and its connections for feeding coal and discharging coke, and operating gearing in elevation. Fig. 2 represents a transverse section on line 2-3, Fig. .1, looking to the right,

Fig. 13 represents a transverse section in line 23-53, Fig. 1, looking toward the left hand end of the retort. Fig. l represents a sec tionul diagrammatic view of a stationary retort, illustrating the slow distillation of coal,

in a quiet state. Fig. 1 represents gearing of modified construction.

I-leretofore, in the manufacture of minating gas, the coal has been subjected to distillation-in an inert body or quiet state, in stationary retorts-either of the horizontal, inclined or vertical variety-requiring the application of very high heats,- 2,000 to 2,500 E during an excessively long period er time, ranging from four hours to twenty four hours. The coal lying in an inert mass, Fig. 4, Will be heated through from the surface to the center'- very slowly,

details of illuand after the volatile matter is evolved from,

or near, the outer surface a comparatively longtime is required for the heat to penetrate the mass to the center, and in order to hasten the 'oper ion excessively high heats or temperatures we applied, with the result.

that much of the valuable volatile hydro carbon illun'unants are destructively decom-.

posed, causing carbon to be. deposited as lamp black, while only low grade marsh gas is passed 05 to the hydraulic main.. In

Til

the presentmethod also the body of coal is 'heatedquite' unequally a1 different stages, being at first coi'nparatively cool, and there- 1 fore'giving oil a large per cent. of unfixed vapors, and toward the end of carbonlzation being too highly heated and causing,

the"valuable illuminating gases to be .destructively decomposed, with the production of lamp black and poor gases. By my method of distilling or-earbonizing coal in a rcvoluhleretort, heated by'a plurality of gas flames discharging at different points into each of a series of flues, a uniform temperature is maintained and all the particles of carbon in the body are constantly being shifted and exposed to the heated surfaces of the retort, resulting in a more uniform quality and a higher candle power gas; The

temperature can be accurately regulated and the whole operation can be conducted at a lower temperature and in a shorter time than by the methods now generally in use. 1' also save much of the expense-involved in.

the construction of fire clay benches and retorts and much of the expense 'forslrilled' labor. 1 nm also enabled towutilize great quantities of low grade fuel-at-a profit,

which is impossible withfthepresent apparatus.

. "The revolulole retort A is constructed of a sheet or plate-iron shell (1* and afire-brick a, composed of special lire-brick havlet ports a. The shell and lining are provided with longitudinal lines of openings o" for the Bunsen burners N arranged to discharge at numerous points into the passages or fines a At the discharge end of the retort there is riveted to the shell a turned iron annular casting a, which protects the fire brick lining and forms part of a. stalling-box Z)" in which the end of the retort turns The other part of the stalling box is secured to the wall of the stationary discharge head or chamber F. At the inlet or feed end the retort is closed by a head B, having a central extended neck 13 for feeding coal, said neck being connected to a stationary feeding duct B by a stalling-box Z) in which it turns. vided with a series of radial gas inlet ducts b which also extend along the neck B to an annular inlet groove 0 in the fixed collar C which is provided, at each end with a stufing box 0''. A fuel-gas supply pipe C connects with the collar at its groove 0. With the ducts 7) connect the longitudinal gas pipes C whichconnect with the Bunsen burners N. The outer endot the coal duct B is closed by a stuliing box 32", through which is passed the shaft '10 of screw-conveyer W. A stand E, supports the coal duct B and magazine Y and part of the operating gearing for the conveyor,

The discharge head or chamber F and coke chamber G are supported on an angular base piece H over a conduit 01: for a coke car I. To the top of chamber F is socured a gas take-ed pipe 7 whichmay connect with a hydraulic main or seal-box in a well known. manner. but not here shown. Thechamber has bolted to it a removable cover-plate F. To the lower end of the chamber is secured a valve casing f, in which works a sliding gatevalve 7, having a screw-threaded stein 7 working through a threaded opening 72, in a supporting frame H. A coke chamber G is secured to the easing f and has secured to its lower end a valve casing 9 containing gate valve 9" provided with a screw-thrcaded stem 9 working through a threaded opening it. The valve stems are provided with hand wheels j. The chamber G, with its upper and lower valves, provides an air and gas tight discharge for hot coke from chamber F and the retort.

The retort is supported by bearing wheels on rollers. Pillars K, having hearings in carry rollers in which rest by their journals in the bearings, and the pillars are fixed on concrete foundations X. The bearing wheels L. are secured by their annular The head B is also prohaving regulating valves 92 are secured to the shell a at the openings a for discharging numerous flames into the ducts or lines a. Numerous burners are used for maintaining a uniform and moderate temperature throughout the length and circumference of the retort, and so as not to cause cracking and breaking of the. fire-brick 11ning by excessive heat at any one point. The gas will be supplied under pressure and take in air at the Bunsenburners. The gas outlet ports a open into stack Z, which, at its lower end encircles the retort and will be supported in a well known manner.

A worm wheel 0 is bolted by its flanges to the shell (1- and engages with a toothed wheel P, Fig. 1, 7) having on its shaft a beveled pinion g1 meshing with a beveled pinion 0 on the vertical shaft 0, resting at its lower end in a bearing in a post 0'. A beveled gear wheel m on shaft 0 meshes with a beveled pinion 7" on the driving shaft R which rests in bearings on posts a and carries a belt wheel t. A clutch r is connected in shaft R. A second shaft R supported in bearings on postsa is provided for carrying a sprocket wheel 9 and has a clutch s for connecting it with, and disconnecting it from, the driving shaft. A motor T has on its shaft a small belt wheel 7i whichconnects by a. belt 6 with a large belt wheel U on a shaft 21 which carries a second and smaller belt wheel a. A belt S is passed over the wheels 3 and u for turning the power shaft It. v

The "shaft '11) of conveyor W passes out through a stufling: box Z)" and turns in a bearing o on frame E. To shaft w is secured a large sprocket wheel 9 over which is passed a sprocket chain Q, engaging also with wheel 9 on shaft R The coal magazine Y is secured to the fixed feeding duct section 18 supported by frame E, and has at the top a hopper 1 and a slide valve 1 the stem of which is connected to a hand lever y.

The operating gearing is located as shown, simply for convenience of illustration, and in practice will be located in any convenient position with relation to the retort. v

My revoluble retort will, in practice, be made about one hundred feet long in order to give the coal a sufficiently long exposure to the heat at a moderate temperature of about 900 F. Numerous Bunsen burners opening into the combustion passages or fines o are, therefore, required in order to insure a uniform temperature throughout the length of the retort. This is also important in order to preserve the fire brick lli 'cientlycooled will be discharged into car 1 by opening valve 9, after having closed valve 7. The feeding of coal may be stopped by shifting the clutch s to disconnect the shaft R from the power shaft R. The gearing which operates the retort may also'be stopped by properly operating the clutch r.

A worm I" engaging 'With the large worm wheel 0 on the retort, and beveled pinions 0, p and vertical shaft 0 are shown in Fig. 1. This style of gearing may be used instead of the spur wheel P and its connections shown in Fig. 1.

Having described my invention, What 1 claim, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, 18-.-

' 1. A revoluble retort having in its Walls aseries of longitudinal combustion passages provided at one end with outlet ports, a series of longitudinal gas supply pipes e:-:- tending along the retort, a plurality of Bunsen burners connecting with said supply pipes andopening at dilferent'points into each passage for uniformly and evenly heating the retort, means for supplying gas to the burners, means for feeding coal at one end of the retort and a gas chamber and take-oil pipe at the other end of the retort.

The combination with a .revoluble retort having in its valls a series of combustion fines and outlet ports therefrom, and a plurality of burners opening at different points into each flue, also having a central, coal feeding neck, of a fuel magazine connecting with said neck, a conveyor in the neck, a fixed collar on the neck and having an annular groove, the neck turning in the collar, a gas inlet pipeconnecting with the collar at the groove, gas supply pipes or ducts in the retort head connectingwith said groove and with the burners along the outside of the retort, and means for conducting oil the evolved gas from the retort.

3. The combination with a revoluble retort having in its walls a series of combustion flues and outlet ports therefrom, and a plurality of burners provided with regulating valves and opening at different points into each. fine, also having a central feeding neck, of a fuel magazine connecting with the neck, a con veyer in the neck, a fixed collar on. the neck and having an. annular groove, a gas inlet pipe connecting/With the collar at the groove, gas supply/pipes or ducts connecting with said gIOOVIHIICl with the burners along the retort, a gas chamber at the discharge end of the retort and connecting therewith by an annular stuiling box, and a tight coke chamber connecting by a valved opening with the gas chamber.

In testimony whereof I aliix my'signature in presence of two witnesses.

A. E. PLANTA, A. V. Horn.

Images