US1299309A - Apparatus for the production of germicide, insecticide, and like gases. - Google Patents

Description

, L. DURAND (II G. BOT'TIN.

APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF GERMICIDE, INSECTICIDE, AND LIKE GASES.

APPLICATION FILED APR. I1. I918.

Patented Apr. 1, 1919 Witne w UNITED STATES PAENT FFTQ.

LEON DURAND, OF PARIS, AND GEORGES BOTTIN', OF RUE TURPIN-ROMAIN'S, FRANCE.

APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF GERMICIDE, INSECTICIDE, AND LIKE GASES.

Application filed April 17, 1918.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, LEON DURAND, a citizen of the French Republic, residing at- Paris, in France, and GEORGES Bo'rTrN, a citizen of the French Republic, residing at Rue Turpin-Romans, in France, have invented certain new and useful Improved Apparatus for the Production of Germicide, Insecticide, and like Gases, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improved apparatus for the production of germicide, insecticide and the like gases.

The improved apparatus produces germicide, insecticide and vermicide gases in abundant and penetrating quantities, sufficient to destroy all germs, insects and noxious animals or those capable of conveying contagious maladies, this being efiected without altering the materials and articles subjected to the action of these gases and with a complete security against any risks of fire.

It is chiefly applicable for:

1. Insecticide and vermicide.

2. Disinfection.

3. Disinfection and insecticide combined.

1.. Insecticide (destruction of insects) and oermicide (destruction of rats and nowious animals).

In order to obtain these results the apparatus produces complete sulfuration by an intensive combustion of the sulfur to the amount of at least 80 grams per cubic meter, which quantity has hitherto not been possible to attain by direct combustion in the sulfuration chamber. This intensive combustion is obtained by means of several hearths, utilizing the heat disengaged in each to bring the sulfur to the state of fusion and then to the gaseous state, this being combined with a draft causing continual renewal of air passing over the combustion point, by means of a central flue and of separate circumferential ventilation holes for each hearth.

By this method the room being closed the intense combustion draws all the air in the room to the combustion hearths' part of the oxygen of this air is absorbed by the combustion, another part combines with the sulfurous gas; the partial vacuum which results from this absorbtion of oxygen draws Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 1, 1919. Serial No. 229,142.

the sulfurous gas into the smallest crevices which takes its place and of which the intimate penetration is further assisted by the agitation resulting from the force of the combustion.

Further the high temperature in the apparatus about 200 C. produces very hot gases with consequent expansion. This expanslon g1ves the gases greater power of penetration.

Besides sulfur liquefied sulfurous anhydrld alone or combined with sulfur can be used in the apparatus for insecticide.

Disinfection.

The apparatus produces this result in three ways. v

(a) By sulfuration as described above for insecticide, but for a longer period.

(b) By heating a disinfectant capable of evaporation by heat such as formol in a receptacle situated on top of the upper reser- VOlI'.

(0) By combined sulfuration and disengagement of a disinfectant. In this case the combustion of the sulfur gives suflicient heat to evaporate the disinfectant.

Insecticide and disinfection combined.

This is effected by sulfuration only or by sulfuration combined with the disengage ment of a disinfectant.

It is to be noted that the gases produced are innocuous on substances and objects submitted to their action this belng due to the quickness of the operation about 30 minutes for insecticide and about 1 hour for germicide.

In order to make the gases more active and to oxidize them at the moment of their formation without having to introduce air from outside the room, oxidizing products such as perborate of soda can be used which dissociates freely under the action of heat, the nascent oxygen thereby produced com-- bining with the sulfurous gases and assisting the combustion.

The attached drawing illustrates in central section the apparatus which is essentially composed of a base plate it intended for avoiding the risks of fire. On this plate is fixed by means of feet .7) a receptacle 0 comprising three superposed trays c c 0 and two annular troughs g 9 On the annular trough g is poured a small quantity of alcohol, on the tray 0 a small quantity of sulfur, and the tray 0 the proportion of sulfur in accordance with the capacity of the room to be treated and the oxidizing substances.

The middle tray 0 has a central opening 0 traversed by a diametrical bar; its edges are turned up to prevent the sulfur in combustion from falling on the annular trough g other than through the small openings 0. The central. openings 0 also allow the passsage of the flames of the alcohol and also the gases.

The plate 0 is provided centrally with a sleeve forming a fiue 0 for the purpose of intensifying the draft and at the same time preventing the fall of the sulfur in fusion from the plate 0 to the annular trough g This sulfur in fusion can fall drop by drop in the annular trough g by small holes 0 provided in the base of the plate 0 The walls of the trays 0 and c are provided with a certain number of air holes 0 In order to increase the draft of the apparatus and modify the nature of the gas products a jacket (Z is superposed on the receptacle 0. This jacket has on the inside, near its upper part, a truncated cone-shaped reservoir (Z ending in a central bellmouthed chimney d which is a continuation of the central openings of the middle and top trays c and 0 in order to regulate the draft, which stirs the surrounding air by constantly drawing same over the combustion hearths or trays.

The reservoir 65 is closed at the top and has three outlet pipes cl". The jacket d is provided on its lower rim below the reservoir d and in proximity to the top of tray 0 with holes al intended to complete the combination of the air drafts and to admit into the upper part of the stove-which is limited by the top tray 0 the jacket (Z, reservoir d chimney d and the plate f hereafter described-a certain amount of air which further oxidizes the gases which are given off and escape over the sides through the chimney (Z to be again stirred by the traction of the drafts.

The truncated-cone-shaped reservoir d is intended to receive, as the case may be, either liquefied sulfurous anhydrid used alone or combined with sulfur or a disinfectant capable of evaporating under heat.

When the disinfectant is used in combina tion with sulfur, the heat emitted by the combustion of the sulfur suffices to evaporate the product placed in the reservoir (Z When the disinfectant is used alone, the evaporation of the products placed in the said reservoir (Z is obtained by means of the heat generated by the combustion of a certain quantity of alcohol poured into a movable annular tray 6 mounted on feet 6 resting on the plate 0 and being inclosed inside the jacket d in order to heat the conical bottom of the reservoir (P.

On this jacket cl rests by means of feet 7 a small plate f, which partly closes the whole 0 -(Zd d The operation of the apparatus is as follows:

1. For insecticide and vermicide by means of sulfur:

(a) Take the cubic measurements of the room and place the apparatus in the middle of the place to be disinfected, after having stopped up the chinks of the issues.

(6) Then pour about 40 cubic centimeters of alcohol into the annular trough g (0) Put about to 80 grams of porous sulfur on the plate 0 (d) Place on the plate 0 the amount of sulfur corresponding to the cubic area of the room in the proportion of about 80 grams to the cubic meter.

(6) Introduce the oxygen producing substance on the plate 0 (f) Kindle the alcohol. This ignites the sulfur on the plate 0 which heats the plate 0 whereon the sulfur is liquefied, ignited, and flows drop by drop on to the plate 0 where it finishes burning.

The total operation lasts from 30 to 35 minutes.

2. For insecticide and vermicide by means of sulfur and liquefied and sulfurous anhydrid combined:

(a) Process as above, taking into account that the reduction of a given quantity of sulfur on the approximate weight of 80 grams per cubic meter will be compensated by a corresponding quantity of liquefied sulfurous anhydrid.

( 6) Put the latter into the reservoir (1 (a) Start the operation by kindling the alcohol.

In these two operations the annular tray 6 should be removed so as not to interfere with the draft through the holes (Z 3. For insecticide or vermicide by means of liquefied sulfurous anhydrid alone put a small quantity of alcohol into the annular tray 6 and the anhydrid into the reservoir (Z then ignite the alcohol.

4. For disinfection alone:

1. By means of the vapors of formic aldehyde:

(a) Place the alcohol in the annular tray 6.

(Z2) The formol or trioxymethylene in the reservoir 6?.

(c) Ignite the alcohol.

2. Proceed thus for any other disinfecting product capable of evaporating. V

5. For combined insecticide and disinfection:

(a) Place the alcohol and the sulfur, as

above said, in the body of the apparatus containing the parts 0 c 0 (6) Place the formol or any other disinfectant in the reservoir (1 remove the a11- nular tray 6.

(a) Place the oxygen-emitting product on the plate 0 What we claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. An apparatus for germicidal and insecticidal purposes comprising a chamber closed at the base and open above and having air admission orifices arranged in three stages in its side wall, removable annular trays in said chamber between first and second and between the second and third air orifice stages respectively, said trays having each a row of small orifices in their bases, and annular troughs below said orifices substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. An apparatus comprising the features set forth in claim 1, together with a further annular jacket adapted to be placed on the top of said chamber and havin outlets to the annular space in said jacket for the purpose set forth.

In witness whereof we have signed this specification in the presence of two Witnesses.

LEON DURAND. GEORGES BOTTIN.

Witnesses:

CHAS. P. PRnssLY, D. AMY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, I). O.

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