US1294158A - Turret-lathe. - Google Patents

Description

l. POTTER.

TUHRET LATHE.

APPLICATION man MAR. 15. |913.

Patented Feb.11,1919

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WTNESSES J.. C. POTTER.

TURRET LATHE. APPLICATION FILED IIAII. I5. 1913.

Patented Feb. 11, 1919.

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J. C. POTTER.

TURRET LATHE. PPcATloN n D 5.1913. '1,294,158- A L -LE MA Patented Feb.11,1919.

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me mmm.: @una co.. Pnomufna., wAsumamN, n' c JAMES C. POTTER, OF PAWTUCKET, RHODE ISLAND.

TURRET-LATHE.

`Specification of Letters Patent.V Patented Feb. 11, 1919.

Application filed March 15, 1913. Serial No. 754,593.

To all w wm t may concern Be it known that I, JAMES C. Porrnn, of Pawtucket, in the county of Providence, and in the State of Rhode Island, have inf vented a certain new and useful Improvement in Turret-Lathes, and do hereby declare that the following is a` full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates more particularly to improvements in that type of `turret lathes forming the subject of my Patent No. 1,040,751, Oct. 8, 1912, wherein the turret slide drum has a helical or substantially helical form of groove and requires reversal for the reciprocation of the slide, and my object is to improve the construction of such machines so as toincrease' their efficiency both in regard to their operation, the matter of the quality, quantity and variety of their work and to reduce their height; lout my invention in certain of its features may be embodied in machines of other types.

In the accompanying drawings, which for illustration show a machine of the type of my said patent- Figure 1 is a rear elevation;

Pig. 2 is a transverse section, at the cross slides;

Figs. 3 and ft are, respectively, detail views in'section, of parts ofthe cross slide operating mechanism;

Fig. 5 is a cross section, to show the turret drum stepping and reversing gearing and the cross slide and dog wheel gear connections with the turret drum;

Figs. 6 and 7,` are, respectively, detail views, in section, of the clutch controlling mechanism of the drum gearing;

Figs. 8 and 9 are, respectively, views in section of the dog wheel.

In the machine shown in the' drawings, as in that of my patent referred to, power to actuate the turret slide actuating drum 10 is taken from a shaft 11, conveniently placed at the back of the machine, and which, since the movement of the turret for performing work is derived Jtherefrom, is usually known as the feed shaft. It is not necessary to eX- plain how motion, at different speeds, is imparted to the feed shaft. Upon the feed shaft, near the drum 10, is a pinion 12 which meshes with and drives a pinion 13 on a parallel shaft 14 loose upon which are two opposing miter gears 15 adapted, alternately to be clutched tothe shaft' hy a clutch 16 fixed to and shiftable with the shaft, and both of which mesh with a miter gear 17 on a cross shaft 18 having a worm 19 which meshes with a worm wheel 190 secured to one end of the turret slide reciprocating drum 10, and keyed to the drum shaft 20, and the direction of revolution of the latter depends upon which miter gear 15 is clutched to the shaft 14.

Fixed to theJ inner end of the drum shaft 20, is a miter gear 21, which meshes with and drives a miter pinion 210` on a cross shaft 22, and from said shaft, and thus from the turret slide drum the operation of stopping and reversing the drum revolution are controlled, the travel of the cross slides is effected, rotation is imparted to the dog wheel, which controls the shipping motions for changes of speed of spindle and feed of tools, and movements of the turret slide and the movements of the back facing tool.

Upon the cross shaft 22 are keyed side by side, two gear wheels 23 of dierent diameter, which rotate as one gear, and they mesh with and revolve two gears 24: also of di'erent diameter, so that the latter have different speeds of rotation. One of the gears 24 is fixed to a shaft 25 and the other to a tubular, concentric shaft 26, and fixed to the shaft 25 is a wheel 27, while fixed to the tubular shaft 2G is a collar 28, alongside the wheel 27. The collar 28 has a cam shaped tooth 29, and in its path of revolution, is a ra diallymovahle pin 30 carried by the wheel 27, and pressed yieldingly inward by a spring 31, so that its inner end is in the path of the cam tooth,{and by the differential speed of the wheel and collar it periodically will be engaged by the cam tooth and forced outward so that its outer end is projected into position to engage a lug 32 mounted on a rod 33 connected to the clutch shaft 14E by ahlock 330, and by the rotation of the wheel shift said rod longitudinally. In order quickly to shift the clutch after the rod has been partially moved and after the revolution of the drum stops from the disengagement of the clutch, the rod has on its side a V-shaped cam lug 34 which by the partial movement of the rod is carried partially past a V-shaped nose onl a spring-pressed block 35, so that the latter, acting on said cam lug 34 will quickly slide the rod along and restore the power connection between the feed shaft and the drum, so that the latter will again revolve, but in the reverse direction. The cam lug 34 is attached to the rod by two screws 340 which pass through elongated holes or slots in the bar 34 that carries the cam lug 34 and the lug 32, that allow limited longitudinal movement of the lug before the rod is moved, as a first effectV of the engagement of the lug 32 by the pin 30, so as to make certain that the nose of the cam lug 34 will be in advance of the apex of the spring pressed block 35 before the unclutching has completely occurred, andy thus failure of proper coaction of lug 34 and block 35 to produce the entire shifting of the clutch, is prevented. The clutch shifting mechanism, of course, operates alternately in opposite directions in agreement with the reversal of the rotation of the drum.

The cross shaft 22 carries on each end a bevel pinion 36, which meshes with and drives a like pinion 37 on a short shaft having a gear 370 which meshes with a gear 380 on a horizontal shaft 38 extendinglongitudinally of the machine, and each of said shafts 38 (one at the front, and the other at the back of the machine) transmits motion hto one of the two cross slides 39 mounted, as usual, on a bed 40 that extends crosswise of the machine and is adjustable crosswise, and

is supported by a carriage 4l that is adjustable lengthwise of the machine, as usual. Upon each shaft 38 is splined a bevel pinion 42 which meshes with a like pinion 43 adapted to be clutched to and unclutched from a shaft 44, as hereinafter explained, and upon the outer end of the shaft 44 is a change gear 45 meshing with a like gear 46 on a short shaft 47 that on its inner end has a pinion 48 which meshes with a pinion 49 on a shaft 50, which with the two shafts 44 and 47 has bearings in the cross slide carriage 41. The shaft 50 on its inner end has slidaloly splined to it a miter gear 51, which is journaled in a boss on the underside ofthe cross slide bed, so as to be movable with the latter, and meshing with the gear 5l is a like gear 52 on the lower end of a vertical shaft 53, also carried by said bed. On its upper end the shaft 53 has a miter gear 54 that meshes with a like gear 55 on a horizontal shaf-t 56 to which is fixed a cross slide actuating' drum 57 having a helical, or substantially helical groove 1n its periphery that terminates at each end in a right angled portion or land 58 to secure a dwell. A roller or stud 59 on the underside of the cross slide engages the drum groove. It will be seen that, as the drum is the immediate or direct agency for moving the cross slide, and as there can be no play or lost motion between the drum and cross slide, any jumping of the cross slide or chatter of its tool is impossible, and thus I avoid a. serious trouble which comes from the lost motion or play that is unavoidable where the cross slide moving mechanism includes gear teeth, or the like, between which and the cross slide no solid or firm connection exists to prevent the consequence of play or lost motion in the gear teeth.

The change gears are important, because, as the cross slide receives its motion from the turret slide drum, there would be a fixed ratio between the feed of turret tool and cross slide tool, which, with both tools simultaneously at work upon the same job, might restrict the turret tool to a slow feed required for the cross slide tool to avoid breakage, whereas, in fact the feed of the turret tool could be faster. The change gears enable the ratio of feed to be varied. The shaft 44 is adapted to lloe clutched to and unclutched from the bevel gear 43 ythrough a sleeve 60 to which the gear 43 is fixed, that has a clutch face 61 for engagement with the clutch face of a sliding collar 62 having a fork 63 on a reciprocating rod 64 to move it into and out of engagement with its companion clutch face on the sleeve. A spring 65 normally separates them, while to move the-rod to clutch them, the rod has rack teeth 66 meshing with 'a rack segment'67 splined to a shaft 69, that has a lever 68 in the path of dogs on a dog wheel 70, one of which dogs 71 is adjustable and acts to rock the lever to shift the clutch to cause the inward travel of the cross slide, and the other dog 72 is in a fixed position and acts to throw the clutch to cause the outward travel of the cross slide. To restrain the spring 65 from disengaging the clutch, until the proper travel of the cross slide has been had, the rod has a lug 73 which engages the outer periphery of a semicircular rib- 74 on the side of a worm wheel 75 meshing with and receiving motion from a worm 76 upon the shaft 44. As soon as the rod is retracted for clutching purposes, the worm wheel begins to revolve, and it interposes the rib 74 in the path of the lug, before the lever 68 is passed by the tripping dog. It will be observed that the worm gearing is connected with the cross-slide drum, and hence, the disengagement of the clutch will always occur with lthe drum at the same point.

An incidental advantage from theuse of the means I employ to reciprocate the cross slides, is that the vertical shaft 53 may be used as a pivot about vwhich to swing the cross slide horizontally and thusadjust it to various angles. For such adjustment, a worm wheel 77 is secured to the shaft 53, with which a crank-operated worm shaft 78 meshes; and for clamping it after adjustment and unclampin it to permit adjustment, a binding nut 9 is provided having worm teeth on its periphery engaged by a crank operated worm shaft 80.

Inasmuch as each cross slide has its own operating and controlling mechanism, it will be seen that the two can be made simultaneously to approach the work for cutting, one can be made to approach while the other recedes; or one only can be made to work and the other left idle, all merely by the proper use or adjustment of the tripping dogs on the dog wheel. Another important advantage in this connection is the mounting of each cross slide on its own carriage L11, as shown in Fig. 2, instead of having a single carriage for both, as thereby each may be adjusted lengthwise of the machine independently of the other, as well as crosswise, as usual.

The shipping or'tripping action of the dog wheel is required only during the advance, or working movement of the turret slide, and not during its return. I utilize this fact by driving the dog wheel at increased peripheral speed and also by reducing its diameter, and thus reduce the height of the machine, Iwhich is fixed by the diameter of the dog wheel, and which reduction in height 1s important.

vThe dog wheel 70 is mounted loose on its shaft 82, whichshaft has a worm wheel 83 that is engaged by a worm 84 on the cross shaft 22 and thereby receives motionfrom the turret slide drum. Fixed to the dog Wheel shaft, andwithin the dog wheel, is a radial head or arm 85, Lwhich, as the shaft oscillates but does not make a full revolution merely rocks to and fro within the dog wheel. This motion of the shaft 82 is dueto the fact that it is geared to and receives motion from the turret slide drum which alternately revolves in opposite directions. Carried by said head, is a radially slidable bolt or dog 86 whose outer end 0r nose is adapted to enter and engage any one of a series of equi-distant holes 87 in the rim of the dog wheel, and thereby cause the latter to move with the head; and as the turret has four tool faces, there are four such holes and the head oscillates through 90 degrees. A spring 88 on the bolt 86 acts to project the latter outward to enter a hole, while to draw it inward to disengage it from the dog wheel hole, the bolt 86 has in one .side rack teeth that are engaged by a gear 89 on a rock shaft 90 mounted in the head 85, and which outsidel the latter has a radial finger 91 adapted to strike andbe rotated by a stationary stud or lug 92 on the machine frame, at the time the disengagement is to be effected. Such disengagement by the action of the devices described is only partial, and the complete disengagement is effected when the reverse motion of the wheel-feeding head takes place by making the outer end of the bolt inclined, so that when it reverses with the head the inclined surface will engage the rear side of the hole and the bolt thereby cammed out of the same.

To positively lock the dog wheel. after each step-by-step movement given by the oscillating head, a locking bolt 93 is provided that is mounted exterior to the dog wheel which is spring-pressed to throw it into a dog Iwheel hole, and which is forced out of the same by the advance into the hole of the feeding bolt, which latter engages one end of a slidable pin 94C in the hole whose other end strikes the end of the lockingbolt.

Since the dog wheelicomes to a rest when the xed dog 72 acts on the clutch throwing lever 68, due to the fact that this is at the time the reversal of the turret and cross slides occurs, means are provided to disengage the fixed dog from the clutch throwina lever 68 which means may take the form of mounting the fixed dog so that it is radially movable in the rim of the dog wheel and spring-pressed to retract it within such rim, and providing a radial arm 95 on the dog wheel feeding head that during its feeding movement cams said dog outward to position to engage the clutch throwing lever 68 and during its reverse motion passes out of engagement therewith, and thus frees the clutch-operating lever.

It is to be understood that my invention may be embodied in machines differently constructed as to details and organization, and hence, the scope of my claims is to be determined accordingly.

It is not necessary to set forth herein, the shipping motions for changing` the spindle speed and tool feed from the dog wheel 70, but if it be desired to know how this may be done, reference may be made to my application for patent filed on even dat-e herewith, wherein I claim one form of speed and feed changing means that is under the control of the dog wheel said application being No. 758.691, led April 3, 1913.

Having thus described my invention what I claim is- 1. In a turret lathe, the combination of the turret slide, a dog wheel, a lathe member whose time of action is controlled by said dog wheel, a turret-slide actuating drum, and driving connections between the drum and the dog wheel that impart movement from the drum to the dog wheel.

2. In a turret lathe, thecombination of the turret slide, a cross slide, a turret slide actuating drum, driving connections between the drum and the cross slide that impart movements to the cross slide from said drum, a dog wheel driven from the drum, and a lathe member whose time of action is controlled by said dog wheel.

3. In a turretlathe, the combination of the turret-slide actuating drum, means for revolving the drum alternately in opposite directions, means under the control of the drum for reversing its revolution, a cross slide, driving connections between the drum and the cross slide that impart movement from the drum to the cross slide, a dog wheel driven from the drum, and a lathe member whose time of action is controlled by said dog Wheel.

4L. In a turret lathe, the combination of a feed shaft, a turret slide actuating drum, two reversely driving trains of gears between thel feed shaft and the drum, including a clutch, a clutch shifting mechanism, and a gear connection between the latter and the drum.

5. In a turret lathe, the combination of a feed shaft, a turret slide actuating drum, two reversely driving trains of gears between the feed shaft and the drum, including a clutch, a clutch shifting mechanism, comprising a sliding rod, a dog loosely mounted on the latter, dog-engaging and actuating means, and a spring-pressed cam acting on said dog.

6. In a turret lathe, the combination of a base, a turret slide mounted on the base, an actuating drum for the turret slide, a work spindle mounted on the base, independent cross slides mounted on the base between the turret slide and the work spindle, an independent operating mechanism for each cross slide deriving motion from said drum and a dog wheel for controlling the movements of both cross slides.

7. In a turret lathe, the combinationof. a base, a turret slide mounted on the base, an actuating drum for the turret slide, a work spindle mounted on the base, independent cross slides mounted on the base between the turret slide and the work spindle, a separate carriage for each cross slide adjustable lengthwise of the lathe, and an independent.

operating mechanism for each cross slide deriving motion from said drum.

S. In a turret lathe, the combination of a base, the turret slide mounted on the base and movable longitudinally thereof, a work spindle, a cross slide mounted on said base between the work spindle and the turret slide, a turret slide actuating drum, and driving connections between the drum and the cross slide that impart movements to the cross slide from said drum, said driving connections including change gears.

9. In a turret lathe, the combination of a turret slide, a tool slide, a turret slide reciprocating means, and a driving connection to the tool slide that includes means for changing the ratio of speed of the tool slide and the turret slide.

10. In a lathe, the combination of a tool slide, slide reciprocating mechanism, including a power-receiving shaft, a clutch for controlling the power connection of said shaft, a clutch-operating rod, a wheel geared to and receiving motion from said shaft and having an arc-shaped rib, and a projection on said rod that coacts with said rib to control the movements of the clutch.

11. In a lathe, the combination of a tool slide, slide reciprocating mechanism, including a power-receiving shaft, a clutch for controlling the power connection of said shaft, a clutch-operating rod, a wheel geared to and receiving motion from said shaft and having an arc-shaped rib, a projection on said rod that coacts with said rib to control the movements of the clutch, a dog wheel, and a lever actuated by the latter to move the clutch-operating rod to produce clutching engagement.

12. In a turret lathe, the combination of a turret slide actuating drum, a dog wheel that controls the time of action of certain of the lathe members, and means for imparting a step by step motion to the dog wheel deriving motion from said drum.

13. The combination in a lathe, of a constantly turning, tool-slide moving member, a dog wheel., a dog carried thereby, means for rotating the dog wheel intermittently comprising a member moving in time with said tool-slide moving member, a lathe member whose action is controlled from said dog wheel, a movable element in the path of the dog and actuated by the engagement of the dog` therewith, and means whereby the movement of said element by the dog is utilized 0 control the movement of the lathe mem- 111. In a turret lathe, the combination of a turret-slide actuating means, a dog wheel, a lathe member whose time of action is controlled by said dog wheel, and means for imparting a step by step motion to the dog wheel deriving motion from said drum.

15. In a turret lathe, the combination of a turret-slide actuating drum, means to reverse the direction of revolution of the drum, a dog wheel, a lathe member whose time of action is controlled by said dog wheel, and means for imparting motion to the dog wheel from said drum always in the same direction.

16. In a turret lathe, the combination of a turret-slide actuating means, a dog wheel,

a lathe member whose time of action is con-V trolled by said dog wheel, an oscillating dog wheel-engaging device, and means for imparting motion to said device from the Wheel after each movement by said oscillat- 10 turret slide actuating means. ing device.

17. In a turret lathe, the combination of In testimony that I claim the foregoing I a turret slide actuating means, a dog Wheel, have hereunto set my hand. a lathe member Whose time of action is controlled by said dog Wheel, an oscillating dog JAMES C' POTTER' Wheel engaging device, means for imparting Witnesses:

motion to said device from the turret slide EARLL ROBERTS,

actuating means, and means to lock the dog EDWARD J. FEELEY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, 1D. C.

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