US1291680A - Electrolytic production of permanganates. - Google Patents
Electrolytic production of permanganates. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1291680A US1291680A US21309218A US21309218A US1291680A US 1291680 A US1291680 A US 1291680A US 21309218 A US21309218 A US 21309218A US 21309218 A US21309218 A US 21309218A US 1291680 A US1291680 A US 1291680A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- permanganates
- electrolytic production
- solution
- anode
- manganese
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- JYLNVJYYQQXNEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-amino-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-propanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC(CN)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 JYLNVJYYQQXNEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 hydroxyl ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/28—Per-compounds
Definitions
- This invention relates to the art of making permanganates and particularly to a process for the electrolytic production of various permanganates.
- the object of this invention is to produce in a simple and economic manner perinanganates of the alkali and alkaline earth metals.
- the electrolytic cell consists of two compartments, 1 and 2, formed by an outer container, 3, and an inner vessel, 4, which is made of porous material such as cement or asbestos, and serves as a diaphragm to prevent passage of the permanganate salt to the outer container.
- the anodes 5, are placed in the inner compartment, 2. They contain manganese and one or more of the following elements: silicon, tungsten, molybdenum and carbon, which may be combined chemically or may be uncombined. They may be prepared by adding the appropriate amount of one or more of these elements to molten manganese.
- 10 parts by weight of silicon may be added to 100 parts by weight of molten manganese while the latter is in the furnace and the resulting melt cast in suitable shape for use as an anode.
- the solution in compartment 2 should be vigorously agitated by the stirrer, 6, during the electrolysis in order continuously to secure uniform distribution of the dissolved substances.
- the lelectrolyte used in both anode and cathode compartments may consists of the hydroxid of the metal, the permanganate of which is desired.
- the carbonate, silicate or other salt which, by hydrolysis, gives an excess of hydroxyl ions in solution may be employed in certain cases.
- Fresh electrolyte may be added from time to time to keep up the concentration as may be necessary.
- the compartments, 1 and 2 are filled with a solution of sodium hydroxid and the solution electrolyzed.
- Sodium permanganate is formed at the anode and remains in the anode compartment 2.
- Some of the silicon in the electrode is converted to sodium silicate.
- More sodium hydroxid may be added from time to time as may be necessary.
- the sodium silicate may be removed from the solution by various known chemical means, such, for example, as precipitation as calcium silicate by treatment with calcium hydroxid.
- sodium ermanganate can be produced by electrolyzing a solution of sodium hydroxid while using an anode of manganese or manganese carbid. This is disclosed in German Patent No. 125,060.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Description
. E. LANNING & w. L. JUDEFIND.
ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION 0F PERMANGANATES.
B. F. LOVELACE APPLICATION FILED lAN2l| 1918.
Patented Jan. 14, 1919.
UNiTED sTATEs PATENT oEEIcE.
BENJAMIN F. LOVELACE, CHARLES E. LANNING, ANI) WILLIAM .LEE JUDEFIND, OF
, BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.
ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION 0F PERNANGANATES.
Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Jan. 14, 1919.
To all whom t may concem:
Be it known that we, BENJAMIN F. LovE- LAoE, CHARLES E. LANNING, and WILLIAM LEE JUDEFIND, citizens of the United States, and residents of the city of Baltimore, State of Maryland, and employees of the United States Bureau of Mines, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Electrolytic Production of Permanganates. of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.
This application is made under the act of March 3, 1333, c. 143 (U. S. Stat., 22, p. 625) and the discoveries described therein, if patented, may be used by the Government, or any of its oiicersor employees in prosecution of work for the Government, or by any other person in the United States, Without the payment to them of any royalty thereon. i
This invention relates to the art of making permanganates and particularly to a process for the electrolytic production of various permanganates.
The object of this invention is to produce in a simple and economic manner perinanganates of the alkali and alkaline earth metals.
As an example of an apparatus which may be used in practising this process, reference may be had to the accompanying drawing wherein the figure is a vertical section of one type of cell.
The electrolytic cell consists of two compartments, 1 and 2, formed by an outer container, 3, and an inner vessel, 4, which is made of porous material such as cement or asbestos, and serves as a diaphragm to prevent passage of the permanganate salt to the outer container. The anodes 5, are placed in the inner compartment, 2. They contain manganese and one or more of the following elements: silicon, tungsten, molybdenum and carbon, which may be combined chemically or may be uncombined. They may be prepared by adding the appropriate amount of one or more of these elements to molten manganese.
As an example, 10 parts by weight of silicon may be added to 100 parts by weight of molten manganese while the latter is in the furnace and the resulting melt cast in suitable shape for use as an anode.
The solution in compartment 2 should be vigorously agitated by the stirrer, 6, during the electrolysis in order continuously to secure uniform distribution of the dissolved substances. The lelectrolyte used in both anode and cathode compartments may consists of the hydroxid of the metal, the permanganate of which is desired. The carbonate, silicate or other salt which, by hydrolysis, gives an excess of hydroxyl ions in solution may be employed in certain cases. Fresh electrolyte may be added from time to time to keep up the concentration as may be necessary.
lfVhen a large current is employed the solution should be cooled by any appropriate means, not shown.
In the preparation of sodium permanganate, for example, the operation is as follows:
The compartments, 1 and 2, are filled with a solution of sodium hydroxid and the solution electrolyzed. Sodium permanganate is formed at the anode and remains in the anode compartment 2. Some of the silicon in the electrode is converted to sodium silicate. More sodium hydroxid may be added from time to time as may be necessary. After electrolysis the sodium silicate may be removed from the solution by various known chemical means, such, for example, as precipitation as calcium silicate by treatment with calcium hydroxid. l
It is known that sodium ermanganate can be produced by electrolyzing a solution of sodium hydroxid while using an anode of manganese or manganese carbid. This is disclosed in German Patent No. 125,060.
In this application we desire to claim the species of our invention in which the anode consists of manganese and silicon which we have found produces excellent results. In other applications Serial Nos. 213,093 and 213,094 filed concurrently herewith, we claim other species of this invention.
We claim 1. The method of preparing a permanganate which consists in electrolyzing a solution of a compound which by hydrolysis gives an alkaline solution, using an anode containing manganese and silicon.
2. The method of preparing a permangawhich d diaphragm is placed between the anode and cathode. l
In testimony whereof we hereunto affix om' signatures.
BENJAMIN F. LovELACE. CHARLES E. LANNING. WILLIAM LEE JUDEFIND.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US21309218A US1291680A (en) | 1918-01-21 | 1918-01-21 | Electrolytic production of permanganates. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US21309218A US1291680A (en) | 1918-01-21 | 1918-01-21 | Electrolytic production of permanganates. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1291680A true US1291680A (en) | 1919-01-14 |
Family
ID=3359238
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US21309218A Expired - Lifetime US1291680A (en) | 1918-01-21 | 1918-01-21 | Electrolytic production of permanganates. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1291680A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2424392A (en) * | 1937-04-24 | 1947-07-22 | Gottesmann Uscha | Electrolytic production of manganese compounds |
| US3293160A (en) * | 1962-12-19 | 1966-12-20 | E J Lavino & Co | Electrolytic manufacture of manganates and/or permanganates |
-
1918
- 1918-01-21 US US21309218A patent/US1291680A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2424392A (en) * | 1937-04-24 | 1947-07-22 | Gottesmann Uscha | Electrolytic production of manganese compounds |
| US3293160A (en) * | 1962-12-19 | 1966-12-20 | E J Lavino & Co | Electrolytic manufacture of manganates and/or permanganates |
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