US1287812A - Brush-holder for dynamic-electric machines. - Google Patents

Description

BRUSH HOLDER FO? Ufff/MO ELC-HIC NACHNES.

wanted Dec. 1T, 1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

BRUSH HOLDER FOR {IX/MAMO ELECTRIC IIIACHINESA APPLICATION' FILED APR. I7. IP/IS.

BRUSH C, E. F. AHLM & H. Y. HALL.

HOLDER. FOR DYNAMC ELECTRIC MACHINES.

AFPUCAUON .FILED APR.11.|918.

lufeuted Duc. 1T, 1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4,

GHARLES E. F. AHLM, OF CLEVELAND HEIGHTS, NED 'HARRY Y.

LND, OEB).

@muje Speeicaticn'o Letters Eatent.

Application le pril 17, 1918. erel lo. 2559,63.

holding the brushes in dynamo electric machines and giving them proper pressure on a commutator or collector. One of the objects' of the invention is to provide such a device in a simple and e'ective form, which may be easily disconnected, removed and replaced, ,thus allowing the ready substitution 'of new brushes. Another object is to enable the spring force to be laccurately adjusted so that the brushes may seat .with the desired pressure. Our brush holder is illustrated in the drawings hereof and is hereinafter more fully explained and its essential novel characteristics are set out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a side elevation, partly broken away, and in section, or a dynamo equipped with my brush holders; Fig. 2 is an end view of such dynamo; Fig. 3 is an end elevation from the interior of the dynamo looking toward the brushes, the position of the commutator being indicated by a circle; Fig. 4 is a cross section through a Yportion of the motory casing and through the supporting part o one of the brush holders; Fig. 5 isa partial plan of one of the brush holders; Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation of a brush holder and parts of the support ing iframe and the comrnntator,` illustrating a somewhat different system of electrical connection to the brushes; -Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation of a portion of a brush holder wherein the stud is secured to the head by bakelite; Fig. 8 is a fragmentary View of bus-bars which may be employed.

In Figs. 1 and 2, 10 indicates the dynamo casing, 11 the shaft of the armature or rotor, and' 12 a suitable commutator. 13 indicates a dish-shaped member secured to the end 0f the motor frame and having an opening 14 surrounding the armature shaft. rlhis dishshaned frame member 13 carries our holders for crushes acting on the commuu tator i27 as hereinafter explained.

indicates spider-like plates or disks adapted he seen hy screws over openings 1:5 in the fme nieinher 13, each dish the support one of the brush holders. rihese disks 20 may he dished, as shown in Fig. l, if desired.

To carry the brushes, each dish 20 insulatingly supports a stud This sind is shown as provided with collar 23 and-it passes through a pair of insulating washers .24. and which seat in an opening in the disk 20. @n the outer side of the insulating washer 25 is a plate 26, and bearing against this are nuts 27 and 28 screwing onto the threaded outer portion 29 of the stud.

The brushes are designated 80. rIhey are mounted on the ends of arms 31 Iwhich loosely surround the stud Each arm is provided with a tubular huh giving it a good hearing on the stud. The brush is secured to the arm in any suitable manner. As shown, the side of `it hears against a -lat face 3i while the end of the 'brush engages an overhanging flange 35, and the brush is secured hy a screw 3G. is many arms may be employed on the stud as desired. life have shown two'arms 31 cnrrying two independent brushes.

To give the brush the desired spring pressure against the commutator or collector, we provide the coiled spring Il() .which makes .several turns in a helical form about the huh 32 and has one end anchored to the @ud 22 and the other to the arm 31. As shown, the movable end of the spring is bent at right angles and passes through an opening in the erm, as indicated at il in Fig. 5. The stationary end of the spring passes through an opening in the stud 22.

To properly position the brush arms on the stud, l locate them by suitable collars as 14 and 45. These collars surroundlthe stud and are shown as secured thereto hy the inner ends 48 of the springs `i() which thus act also as Cotter pins. `Where two `brushes are employed, as shown, the iirst `brush is held with reasonable closeness between the collar 23 and the collar fili, and the second between the two collars dei and 4&5, and so on for more brush arms.

lt will he seen that 'the holder described CTI makes a simpleself-contained device which may be readily removed from the motor frame whenever desired, by taking 'out the screws 21 which hold the disk heads 2O to the frame member 13.

The holding screws 21 for the heads of the brush holders are arranged equidistantly about the axis so that the screw holes are interchangeable among the different screw holes in the frame members. Accordingly, the spring pressure on the brushes may be increased or diminished by turning the head 20 to give the proper pressure and inserting i the screws in the corresponding registering holes. V

` When the brush holder is put in place there is at first no tension on the, springs and then the head is simply turned to give the desired pressure and fastened in place. It will be seen that the screw holes are substantially the same radial distance froml the the desired spring force.

By reason of the several turns of the spring around the hub ofthe arm a considerable turning of the head 20 corresponds to a comparatively small change in the spring pressure. Accordingly three screws with three openings might 'be suicient for giving as line an adjustment as ordinarily desired. However, to enable a liner adjust mentadditional threaded screw holes in the casing are provided and such additional holes are shown at 19 in- Figs. 1 and 3.

Our brush holders are adapted `for the very convenientsecuring of the electric connections. For this purpose we have shown two rigid arcual bus-bars and 51 lying in the space within the dish-shaped frame 13 and connected with the main leads 52 and 53, which, as shown, are flexible members passing through openings in the frame head 13. The bus-bars are connected with the brushes by flexible connections. In the embodiment shown the two bus-bars have each three flexible terminal members to connect with the six sets of brushes shown. The terminal members of the bar 50 are designated 54 and'those of the bar 51 are designated 55. Each of these terminal members is shown in Figs. 2 and 4 as lpassin through one of the openings 57 in t e dis and as secured to the stud 22 by a flattened end 56 which lies between the clamping nuts 27 and 28 With such connections as just described the removal of the nut 28 allows the discon- \necti0n of the liexible terminal member, and

shown, the electric connections may readily disconnected, and the brushes, to.l

head 20 i then the brush holder can be freely removed,

the brush arms and brushes passing readily through the openings l5 inthe frame member.

It is customary to employ pig-tails directly connecting brushes with the brush.

holder (to make a better electric connection) though such pig tails are omitted for clearness in Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive. In Figs. 6 and Y when these pig tails are thus disconnected, l

the brush h der with the ig tails is readily removed by the removal o the head 20. kIn this construction it is desirable to insulatingly protect the outer end of the kshaft 22 and its clamping nuts, and this -may be readily eiiected by an. insulating domeshaped cap 70 screwing onto the washer 26.

A simpler manner of lcarrying the stud 22 is by securing it directly to the head 20 by bakelite. This is illustrated in Fig. 7, where the head 20 has a cup-likecavity 75 facing the .interior of the machine andhaving annular vided wit an annular groove "1"?. 78 indiglroove 76, and the stud 22 is pro-l cates bakelite filling the space around thel stud and within the cavity the rooves andthus eiectively securing the u.; stu lto the head.

It will be seen that in any of the forilijis e gether with their carryin arms, and stud, readily removed through t e adjacent'openin by simply disconnecting the'head 20.

and occupying aving thus described our invention, what we claim is:

1. The combination, with a dynamo having an opening through its frame adjacent to the exterior of the commutator or collector, of a brush holder havinga swinging arm in the interior of the dynamo frame and having 'supporting means removably secured to the frame adjacent s'aid opening and independentl of the support for the `armature shaft, said opening being large enough for the removal of the brush holder through it. e

2. he combination with a'dynamo frame having an opening, of a brush holder in the interior of the frame adjacent to said opening, said holder comprising a stud,

means carrying it and extending throu h the o penin and removably secured tot e' exterior o the frame, an ami. pivotally' iso mounted on the stud and adapted to carry a brush, and a spring acting on said arm,

the openin being large enough for the removal of t e brush and arm assembled. 3'. The combination with a dynamo frame having an opening, of a head removably se cured to the exterior of the frame and eX tending over the opening, a stud projecting from said head into the space vvithin the frame, an arm rotatively mounted on said stud, a brush carried by said arm, and a spring acting on the arm, said opening being large enough to allow the removal through it of the brush, arm, spring and the 15 portion of the studon which the arm is journaled.

4. The combination with a dynamo having a plurality of openings through its frame adjacent to the exterior of the commutator or collector, a plurality o1? heads adapted to be secured to the frame across said openings, a stud carried by each head, anarm pivoted on each stud, and a spring acting on each arm, eachA opening being large enough-to permit the removal through it of the arm when mounted on the stud.

5. The combination with a dynamo having an end frame plate 1with openings through it, individual disk members independent of the armature shaft and secured to the outside of th'e'irame plate across said openings, each disk member having a stud, an arm pivoted on the stud, and a brush carried bythe arm, the arm and brush being adapted for removal through the opening in the frame.

6. The combination With a dynamo havling an end frame plate with openings through it, individual disk members independent of the armature shaft and secured to the frame' plate across said openings, each disk member having a stud, an arm pivotcd on the stud, a brush carried by the arm. and a spring acting on the arm.

7. In a dynamo, the combinationof a frame member having an opening through it adj aoent to the exterior of the commutator or collector, a member adapted to be secured to the exterior of the frame adjacent to said opening and independent of the support for the armature shaft, meanscarried by said member and extending through the opening and carrying a brush holder, and means adapted to secure the) last mentioned member in various angular positions to the dynamo frame.

8. The combination of a dynamo having an end frame member with a plurality of openings through it arranged in an annular row registering with the space about the exterior of the commutator or collector and independent of the armature and concentric of its axis, a plurality of disk heads, one for each opening, means adapted to secure each head to the outside of the frame in a plurality of positions, and a brush-holding arm carried by each head.

9. The combination of a dynamo having an end frame member with a plurality oi" openings through it arranged in an annulairow registering with the space about the exterior of the commutator or collector, a plurality or' disk heads, one for each opening, screws adapted to secure each head to the frame in a plurality of positions.` a stud carried by each head, a brush-holding arm on each stud, and a spring acting on each arm.

10. ln a dynamo, the combination of a frame' member havingan openingthrongh it adjacent of the exterior of the commutator or collector, a diskliike member adapt ed to extend across the opening, screws ar! ranged equi-distantly about the disk-lilarnember and adapted to secure it in various angular positions to the outside 'of the d):- namov frame, and a device for lcarri/ing a brush secured to said disk-like member-f 11. ln a dynamo, the 'combination of an end frame member 'having an yopening through it adjacent'to the exterior of, its

commutator or collector, a disk-like' member` adapted to extend across the opeuin screws,

arranged equi-distantiyahout the Vdisk-likev member and adapted'to secure'it insvarious angular positions-to the dynamo frame. a

stud carried' by the disk-like member and' extending into the opening, and au arm pivotally mounted on the stud and adaped to carry a brush.

l2. The combination with a dynamo, of a brush holder therefor, comprisingl a head adapted to be secured to the dynamo trame. a stud projecting from said head, an arm having a hub mounted on the stud, a helical spring coiled about the hub of the arm and secured at one end of the arm and the other end to the stud, and a plate carrying said stud,'there being an opening through the frame through Which the brush holder may1 be removed, said opening vbeing bridged b v said plate.

13. In a dynamo, the combination of an endl frame member having an opening through it adjacentto the exterior of the commutator or collector, a brush holder having a member independent oi' the snuport Vfor the armature shaft and adaptedto be secured to ,/the exterior of tire dynamo frameA adjacent to the opening, a stud ried by the last mentioned member and entending' through the opening, anarm haviiig a hub mounted on the stud, a helical vspring coiled about the hub of the arm and secured at' one end to the arm and the other end to the stud, said opening being oi sui'iicient size to enable the removal of the stud, arm and s ring intact. l

14. n n brush holder, the combina with a supporting member, of a stud candle@ l lil an. end frame member having an opening through it, of a disk-like head, means for securing it in ,various angular positions commutator or collector,

dividual disk-like members, one for each opening, equidistant screws adapted to seacross said opening, an axial stud carried by-sa1d head, an arm on sald stud havlng a hub, a helical spring coiled around said hub and anchoredto the arm and at the other tothe stud and a brush carried by the arm. Y

16. In a dynamo, the combination of an end frame member having openings' through it arranged in an annular row, registering with the space about the exterior of the aA series of incure said disk-like members in various positions across said opening, a stud carried by each disk-like o ening extending parallel with the axis of? the commutator or collector andv insulatingly carried by the disk- .electric like member, an arm surrounding said stud, a brush carried by the arm, a collar for "positioning the arm, and a helical spring surrounding the stud anchored at one end of the arm and at the other end to both the collar and stud.

17. The combination, with the stationary ield frame of a' dynamo, of a removable end member therefor having a' plurality of openings through it'adjacent to the exterior of the eommutator or collector, a plurality of heads adapted to be removably secured to said end member across said openings, a stud carried by each head,l an arm pivoted on each stud, a brush carried by each arm, and connections for the respective brushes. Y

18. The combination of a dynamo frame, a removable bell secured to the end of th'e frame, a'n annular series of removable heads Secured to the bell, a brush holder barricd by each head and removable through openings in the bell, bus-bars housed Within the bell, and flexible conductors in electric connection with the bus-bars and the brushes.

In testimony whereof, We hereunto affix our signatures. l

CHARLES E. F. AHLM. HARRY Y. HALL.

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