US1280153A - Centrifugal process. - Google Patents

Description

T. A. BRYSON. (JENTRiFUGAL PROCESS.

APPLICAHON FILED MAR. 2|. I918.

Patented Oct. 1, 1918.

pg ,WZ' flM I 5 jgftar'ng/ UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

TANDY A. nnYsoN, or minor, NEW YORK, assmnoa TO 'ronnons'r macnmn worms,

A CORPORATION 01' NEW YORK.

omrrarruear. rnocsss.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 1, 1918.

Original application flied November 28, 1914, Serial No.'874,487. Div1ded and this application flied March ,21, 1918. Serial No, 223,760.

To all whom it may concern:

'nutely comminuted materials, such for instance as clays, linseed oil foods, apple skins, and other substances, which under centr fugal action pass into a dense or impervious layer; this application being a division of my application Ser. No. 874,487, filed November 28, 1914.

The objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part hereinafter, and in art will be obvious herefrom, or may be earned by practice with the invention.

The accompanyin drawings, referred to herein and constituting a part hereof, illustrate in part the invention, and together with the description serve to explain the principles thereof;

Of the drawings: Figure 1 is a vertical section on the hue A-B of Fig. 2; and

Fig. 2 is a full horizontal section on line G-D of Fig. 1.

In the usual manner of filtering or dewaterin' most materials by centrifugal action, a boring medium or instrumentality is placed at the peripvhgral walls of the cylindrical container. on two or more materials of different specific gravity are centrifuged, the heavier material, usually a solid, will take its position ina layer upon the vertical eripheral'wall of the container and the lig ter material, usually a liquid,

will take its osition in a layer within, such outer and re atively dense layer.

. comminuted,

The dewatering is thus prevented or ren tiered economically inefficient.

By my invention the impervious layer of clay, or other finely dividedor otherwise impervious materials, is allowed to build up in thickness about'the periphery, and a continuous drainage of the separated liquid laiyer from the interior surface of the gradua 3 material is maintained, the drainage being maintained in uniform and constant relation to the inner surface of the layer notwithstandin its increase in thickness and consequent c iange in position. My invention rovides also for a continuous straining or ltering of the intermediate stratum or layer which is in intermediate state or condition between the liquid and the solid layers, and which is partly dewatered, and thereby is somewhat condensed, but which is not yet closely compacted into the condition of the dense and impervious outer layer, this action being maintained likewise irrespective of the gradual change in the thickness of the peripheral layer.

By one feature of my invention also, means are provided for removing the relatively slight amount of retained moisture which can be drained from the outer layer of solid material, if permitted to do so, by the pressure of the centrifugal action, as the com acting action or operation passes into its nal stages.

By my invention, the filtering surface or moisture tapping device is positioned or extended in a general radial direction beyond or within the layer of denser and heavier material in the centrifugal machine to bring such surface or device into direct communication with the inner layer of'liquid, and this liquid may then be carried or flowed away without passing through the outer and denser layer. By the action of centrifugal force, the inner wall or surface of the dense outer material will be in effect a level surface, and the liquid will be free to flow over it in a circumferential direction to an moi). structed outlet.

thickening and building layer of solid 105. Thus the material isquiqkly dewatered and, the: work; quickly, thoroughly. economic or V In the embodied form of mechanimi, and referrin to Fi 2, a bowl or container .1 has vertical cylindrical side walls 2 and a bottom 3, and is preferably partly open at the top having an inwardly extending ring or annular plate and also may have a suitable closure if desired. The shaft for rotating the basket or container passes through the opening 5. The invention is herein upplied to an intermittently operated centrifugal that is, one which is stopped. to unload and load, although in certain of its features the invention is applicable to other kinds of machines. In the embodied form, the interior is lar ely unobstructed aflording great facility or loading and unloading.

A tapping or filtering device for flowing off. the inner liquid layer, as already described, is provided. In the embodied form thereof, a vertically arranged wall 8 is fixed to the wall '2 of the bowl or container and is angled or returned back again to the wall 2, being preferably of V shape in horizontal section with the upper ends joining the pei'iphery of the basket or container. There are preferably a plurality of the tappin or filtering devices 8, and they may be bo ted or otherwise suitably fastened to the wall 2. Wall 8 is provided with openings for the filtering or passing through of the liquid. As embodied there are perforations 9 in the wall 8, and over the wall 8 is stretched or spread a sheet or layer 10 of wire gauze or other suitable foraminous material. The liquid is carried off from the other side of wall 8 by suitable -means and for this purpose the wall 2 is preferably made perforate where inclosed by 8, as shown at 11. The

liquid will thus flow in a circumferential di- -rection through the openings in 8 and will then be thrown out by centrifugal action through the openings at 11.

It will thus be seen, as previously indicated, that the inner layer of liquid will be drained ofl and that there is a concurrent filtering, through the gauze 11, of the partly deliquidized, and thereb partly con ensed or compacted material w 'ch exists intermediate or between the separated liquid at the interior and the impervious layer at the exterior, and that these two operations will continue unimpeded as the layer of compacted material builds up or becomes thicker as the process proceeds. That is, there is maintained a combined drainage of the clear liquid and a filtering or straining of the intermediate mixed liquid continuously from just within the impervious layer as that layer builds up. The conditions of deliquidizing are thus maintained in a constant or uniformly efficient state throughout the changing operation, producing a uniformly and (o g e substantially entirely dried mass as the final resultof the process.

"Thehporation will continue, as indicated,- u'u'til the entire mass is entirely deliquidiz ed and-compacted, and there will not be a re 7 sid 1 of sludge or partly deliquidized materia at the end of the operation.

While the outer layer is impervious to the passage of liquid iherethrough, there is a very slight amount of moisture left between 71 the particles of the relatively solid or comacted mass, and this as it is further sub- Jected to the pressure of the centrifugal action is drained 05 through the outlets of the members 8, and as this drainage proceeds this final degree of moisture is gradually gotten rid of, leaving a compact and umformly dry mass in the centrifugal.

In addition to the improved and advantageous way of treating the material and effecting the drying or dewatering, the mechanism is of simple form and requires no e-neral changes in the usual form of centri ugal basket or container. It nay also be easily and quickly applied to and removed from existing baskets, thus permitting the use of a single basket or container for different kinds of work and materials. here the walls of a basket or container are perforate, the wall 2 may be an inserted thin inner wall of sheet metal. The mechanism is simple and inexpensive, and the greater part of the interior of the basket is left unobstructed for loading and unloading and for cleaning.

The invention in its broader aspects is not limited to the precise form shown and described, but variations may be made therein without departing from the principles of the invention and without sacrificing its 10! chief advantages.

What I claim is 1. The process of centrifugal deliquidizing which comprises subjecting to centrifugal action a mixture of finely divided 1 impervious material in suspension in a liquid and thereby forming and retaining a gradually thickening outer layer of the impervious material separated out of the solution and simultaneousl draining off the separated liquid from ust withinthe impervious layer and so maintainin said drainage continuously from just within said outer layer as it builds up, and continuing said actions until substantially all the liqui and solid are separated from each other.

2. The process of centrifugal deliquidizing which comprises subjecting to centrifugal action a mixture of finely divided impervious material in suspension in a liquid and thereby forming and retainin a gradually thickening outer layer of tlie impervious material separated out of the solution and simultaneously drainin off the sepvarated liquid from just wi in the impervious layer and so maintaining said drainage continuously from just within said outer layer as it bllllClS up, and simultaneously and continuously filtering ofl'li uid from the artl deliquidized and there ya partly con enset mixture which is intermediate the impervious outer layer and the inner liquid layer.

3. The process of centrifugal deliquidizp ing which comprises subjecting to centrifugal action a mixture of finely divided impervious material in suspension in a liquid and thereby forming and retainln a gradu ally thickening outer layer of tie imperviousvmaterial separated out of the solution and simultaneously draining off the separated liquid from just Within the impervious layer and so maintaining said drainage continuously from just within said outer layer as it builds up, and simultane ouslydraining the sli ht residual moisture from the impervious ayer by the centrifugal pressure.

st. The process of centrifugal separation which comprises subjecting a mixture of finely divided insoluble and impervious material in suspension in a liquid to centrifugal action and thereby radually building up an outer layer of tie separated impcrvious material and continuously maintaining a combined drainage of t 0 clear liquid and a strainin of the mixed and partly condensed liquid within and in continuing uniform relation to the impervious layer as that layer builds up. i

5. The process of centrifugal deliquidizing which com rises subjecting a mixture of finely divide impervious material in suspension in a liquid and thereby forming and retaining a gradually thickening cylindrical outer layer of the impervious material separated out of the solution and simultaneously draining off the separated liquid from ust within and substantially along the entire length of the impervious outer cylindrical layer as it builds up.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribin witnesses.

ANDY A. BRYSDN.

Witnesses:

M. K. BUSKIN, H. A. KEARNS.

and solid from just

Images