US1277539A - Brick-kiln. - Google Patents

Description

E. H. A; BOLLBUCK.

BRICK KILN.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 28. 1-916.

mss

Patented Sept. 3,1918.

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E. H. A. BOLLBUCK.

BRICK KILN.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 28. I916.

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*Spec'ifiCat-ibnbf Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 3,1918.

Application filed September as, 1916. Serial No. 122,672.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatlI, EMIL HQA. BoLL- BUCK, a subject of the 'Emperorof Germany, residing at Los Angeles, in the county ot-Los Angeles and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Brick-Kilns, of'whi'ch' thefollowing is a specification. I

My invention relates to briclo kilns in which a suitable number of chambers are provided for continuously burning bricks consecutively in the several chambers; and the objects of my improvements "are; to provide abkiln in which'the partitionsjcan be set for continuous and semi-continuous burning inthe adjacent "compartments; to provide a kiln "in which the/heat from the compartments with the burned bricks can be used in combination 'w'iththe freshly turned-on burners in other colii aartnients; the invention consisting in the construction, combination and arrangement of devices hereafter more fully described and claimed and illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in whi'ch F igurel is a horizontal section through a part of the kiln.

Fig. Qis a slight modification of'Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 isa cross section through the kiln on line 3-8 of Figul.

Fig 4 is the connecting opening between two adjacent compartmentshaving agate for closing the opening,

ig. 5'is' a slightginodification of the" connecting openingof Fig. 4'l1av'ing a burner projecting into the opening.

Fig. 6 isja longitudinalsection through the kiln on line 6-6 of Figs. 1 and 3.

Fig. 7 is another slightmodificationof the con'necti'i'igopen'ing of'Fig. 4, having a wall built in of looselyfset bricks.

Fig. 8 isa cross section of the opening on line 88' of Fig. 7

Fig. 9 is a slight modification of Fig. 3 having on top of the kiln across the same a chamber used for "a furnacet'orindirect burning. v

Fig. 10 is another slighflmodification of Fig. Shaving longitudinal channels in the top of the kiln communicating Wlth the cross chamber 'otFigJ 9.

Fig. llis' a section through a partofthe kiln on line 11 1l of 9;

Fig. 12 is a slightmodification of'Fig-ll.

Fig. 13 is a slight modification of the burnerc'harnbers in Fig. 6

Fig. 14 is another slight'modification of the burner chambers in Fig. '6.

Fig. 15 is still another slight modification of the burner chambers in Fig. 6

Similar'nunibersrefer to similar parts throughout the several views.

The stationary partition walls l are built i1rcrosswisewith the surrounding Walls '3 and 'hthe outer walls 3 forming the end Walhwhile 4 designates the sidebrlongituolinal walls. The partitions 1, forming the compartments '5, positioned crosswise in the kil-nffor'm also the support or bearing 'wallsffor the arch-shaped top "or crown 6,"a'bove the compartments, seeFig. '6. A removable"partitionwall 7 ispla'ced longitudinally through the center of-the device, the partition Walls 1 being transi ersely' disposed in relation to the removable length walls; A comniunicatin'g 'dooropening 8 is provided in the stationary partition walls 1, for controlling and directing the heatthrough the several compartments for-continuous and semi continuous burning. Theserloor openings are closedbydoors 9 Whenever a change inthe direction of the heat is wanted.

As the material or articles to be'bi1rned insuch brick kiln require different 'heatings, some articles requiring a slow heating and burning while other articles allow a quick heating; this kiln is constructed to-allow the necessarychanges to burn articles disposed i'n thiskihrjust as required. Fortreating articles of theclass to be burned slowly, movable partitions are provided to be set so'as to compel the gases to ,pass through the several compartments one'aftel'aliother,

While for treating articles which'allow a quicker burning, movable partitions are p'rovi ded to beset so as to allow the-gases to burn in several compartmentsat thesame time and pass through several other compartments in a continuous manner thereby bringing-all material in all the compartments ofthe whole kiln under heat soon after the kiln has been started and set ready for burni'ng. Having constructed a kiln with a suitable number of stationary partitions to insure agood construction for supporting the arch-shaped top or crown of such kiln and having also provided a suitable-jnumberof openings in these stationary partitions, this makes it possible to use movable partitions in such a manneras to allow theheati-ngin the manner described above.

In Fig. 1 this kiln is illustrated with movable partitions inserted into the openings of the stationary partitions for a slow burnin Starting the burner in the compartment 10, the heat is directed through the compartment 11 on the opposite side of the kiln, passing through the door opening 12 over to the compartment 13, farther through the door opening 14: into the compartment 15, through the door opening 16 over to the compartment 17 and so forth.

The door openings can be closed by suitable doors temporarily, and as the center wall 7 is also temporarily built in while setting the bricks in the several compartments, this kiln is constructed to allow a continuous burning of the bricks in the different compartments as well as a semi-continuous burning, (under continuous it being understood that the several compartments in the kiln are communicating in such a manner as to cause a burning of the bricks in the kiln in one compartment succeeding one other compartment in following order until the bricks in all compartments are burned at which time the first compartments will have been built up again and the burning continues in the following compartments in a succeeding order; while under semi-continuous it being under" stood that two or more compartments are set so that the burning occurs in a parallel order and the whole kiln is divided into several sets, each of similar proportion as the first set of parallel burning compartments, two, three, or more, and the several sets of parallel burning compartments are interconnected so as to burn parallel in a succeeding order) which will be described below in reference to! Fig. 2, which is a slightly modified. figure of the Fig. 1. But it will also easily be understood that more chambers or compartments can be burned in this kiln by suitable setting of the temporary partitions and doors.

Of course, starting in the compartment 10 with the burning of the bricks, it is necessary to close the lower left-hand opening 8 in Fig. 1 by a temporarily built in door.

In Fig. 2 is a slightly modified construction, instead of the continuous burning described above in connection with Fig. 1, there is a semi-continuous burning, the kiln being the same as illustrated in Fig. 1 with the same stationary partitions but having movable or temporary partitions placed in a different manner for the burning of articles which allow a quicker burning.

In this construction the connnunicating door openings are closed in a different manner than in Fig. 1. Going out from the compartment 18, the next compartment 19 is started at the same time. The communicating door openings 20, 21, 22 and 23 are closed by suitable doors, directing the heat from the compartments 18 and 19 the full Way across the kiln into the compartments 24, and 25. The compartments 18 and 19 form in this construction of Fig. 2 really one compartment with the opposite compartments 24 and 25, as the removable partition wall 7, shown in Fig. 1 is not used in this modified construction of Fig. 2. From the compartments 24 and 25, the heat is directed through the door openings 26, 27 and 28 into the compartments 29 and 30, again passing the whole way across the kiln into the opposite compartments 31 and 32.

It will easily be understood that with these communicating door openings, it is possible to burn even more than two compartments at the same time, and still, any number of compartments started at the same time can again be controlled and burned continuously with another similar number of compartments, following the first started number of compartments, this making the device adaptable for continuous burning as well as for semi-continuous burning.

The burners 33, see Fig. 6, are inserted from the top into combustion chambers or furnaces.

Each compartment is provided with a suitable number of such combustion chambers and furnaces and when such compartments are set ready for burning after a suit able length of time. for drying the material or articles in such combustion chambers, the material or articles are put under direct heat from such burners inserted from the top of each compartment.

The fines 34:, see Fig. 3, are longitudinally embedded in the crown of the kiln. Small connecting fines 35 connect these main flues 34 with the furnaces 36. In case that the heat from a compartment with burned bricks shall be used in another compartment, perhaps at the other end of the kiln, the heat from the first compartment with the burned bricks is directed through the main fines 34, whence it is taken by opening the corresponding gate valve or damper 37 in the connecting fine 35 allowing theheat to pass over through the furnace 36 into the desired compartment by way of the down wardly directed flue 38, see Fig. 6. l

Each furnace is communicating with one of the compartments by a downwardly directed flue 38 and each one of the furnaces comprises an independent chambernormally open at the top having one or more burners directed into the opening, but, using the heat from other compartments, the opening of the furnaces for the burners are closed up and the damper 37 close to that furnace is opened letting in the heat from other compartments through the furnace directing this heat into the compartment close to and communicating with that furnace.

If the heat procured by the burners inserted'throi'ighthe top of a certain compartment is not wanted in othercompartmerits, this, as also the waste heat is directed through tl1e-waste 'fiues 39 provided in the floor of the'kiln, whence it is drawn off through the fines waste-41.

The fiuesand connecting openings, itwill be" understood, can beclose'd or covered so as to direct the heat and gas in the kiln in the desired direction.

To prevent the heat from passing straight through the 'con'ununicating door openings, and to obtain'a better circulation, bafiies 4:2, being walls ofsuitable height, are disposed before" the door openings.

The baffles are perforated on the lower end allowing heat to pass into the compartment from below through these perfora tionsand over the top edge of the baffles, this causing a whirling and circulation of the heat-wave through the compartments.

'The burners 33 are placed in combustion chambers or furnaces allowing direct burning of the bricks as well as more indirect by having flash walls 45 provided, into which the'flal'nes from the burners are directed, see Figs. 1, Q'and 3. The flash walls arebuilt up of loosely set bricks allowing the heat to pass-through the whole kiln which has been opened and set for burning.

The communicating door openings are closedbygates 46 as indicated in Fig. 4.

Thedoors 9 are temporarily built in of the same bricks when setting new bricks in the different compartments thereby forming a continuous or semi-coi'itinuouskiln or any other form desired and possible in this construction of kiln, while the gates 46 are disposed in permanently constructed slots or spaces. The gates 46 are a slightly modified construction for closing the door openings. Other slightly modified constructions of the shutting ofl of two adjoining compartments are illustrated in Figs. 5, 7 and 8. In Fig. 5, a burner is disposed sons to allow the injecting of a strong flame into the space of the door opening, preventing the cool air in one compartment from entering or passing over to the adjoining heated compartment. In this construction it is not necessary to close or even have a door between the cool compartments and the compartment in which the burning is started, as the draft is naturally going in the direction from the started compartment through the brick burning compartments, and, any cool air passing through the strong flame disposed in the first door opening will naturally be warmed and heated before it reaches the bricks in the burning compartments Without being able to do any damage to the bricks in the burning compartments. In Fig. 7 the door opening is built up with 40 into the nlfllli loosely set bricks 17 forming a hollow wall, as indicated at 48' on Fig. 8, which can be filled up with sand or other suitable material through the opening 49 from the top.

The waste fines 40 are shut off in a suitable 1113.111181,-l3l18 gate valves or dampers 5O beingspaced to allow a sand filling to be filled-in to give a good tight closure, see Fig. 3.

The furnaces 36 of Figs. 3 and '6 are slightly'modified in the Figs. 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15. InFig. 9, the furnace :31 is formed on top of the kiln, crosswise over the Whole width of the kiln.

In starting the burning of the kiln, it will naturally be necessary to allow air to pass near the burners into the furnaces, but after thebricksin any of the compartments are done, the heat from that compartment is directed through fines 52' into the furnaces 51,and the furnaces in such a case are closed as indicated at 53, the burners 33 being disposed in the closures 53. The heat from the furnaces passes through the fines 5% into the kiln. While Fig. 11 illustrates a section through the fines being placed on top of the kiln as described in F 9 and 10, in Fig. 12 is a slight modification, having the furnaces embedded in the top or crown 6 of the kiln.

In Fig. 13 is a slight modification of the furnaces in Fig. 6, the furnaces 36 of Fig. 6 being connected by a small flue In Figs. 1% and 15' are slight modifications of the top furnaces of Figs. 9, 10 and 11. The furnaces illustrated in Fig. 1 being a combination of the furnaces embedded in the crown of the kiln as illustrated in Fig. 13 and the furnaces placed 'on'top'of the kiln as in Figs. 9, 10 and 11.

The furnaces in Fig. 15 are slightly modified as each fluefid, going into the kiln has a separate'furnace 56.

Operating this kiln for burning articles which require a slow burning, the burners 33 of the compartment being started first are ignited first and the heat from these burners is directed into that first compartment, the articles in this compartment first drying and later on burning as required. If no other compartment is connected or ready for burning, the heat from this first compartment is passed out of the waste fines 39 in the bottom of the compartment and further throughfiues 40 and 41.

Having other compartments ready for burning under the same slow process, the heat from the first compartment is directed through one of the openings at the end of the first compartment communicating with the second compartment in the manner described above. After first drying the artides in the second compartment, (in Fig. 1 it would be compartment 13) and after these articles in compartment 13 have been dried enough to stand greater heat, the burners in the top of the compartment 13 are ignited and burn in the same manncras the compartments l0 and 11, all this heat passing through the battles 42, through the opening 1% into the compartment 15 for first drying the articles in compartment 15 making them also ready for a greater heat of burning in the same manner as the articles in the compartments 10, 11 and 13, while the burners are inserted through the top of the compartment 15. This slow process of burning is continued through all the compartments in the kiln.

For burning articles which allow a quicker burning this same kiln is used and the burners in the top of several compartments are ignited at the same time and the heat there from is directed through these compartments and through an equal. number of following compartments in a similar way as described above.

For burning articles in a slow or quick manner in compartments on the opposite ends of a kiln one compartment on one end being started first while another compartment on the other end of the kiln is to be burned next, then the Hues 3i are used for drawing oil the heat from the first compartment on one end of the kiln to theothcr compartment on the other end of the kiln instead of drawing the heat oili through the waste fiucs 39 in the bottom of the compart ments as described above.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. In a kiln stationary partitions and movable partitions disposcd in the kiln in rela tion to each other forming a suitable number of compartments having communication in a succeeding order as well as in a parallel order when the movable partitions are so set in relation to the stationary partitions.

2. In a kiln stationary partitions having intercommunicating door openings forming a suitable number of compartments, the compartments having comunication in a succeeding order as well as in a parallel order through the intercommunicating door openings when the material disposed in the several c nnpartinents for burning is so set.

openings of the stationary partitions.

at. In a kiln having a suitable number of compartments formed by stationary and temporary partitions adapted to form a continuous and semi-continuous kiln when so desired by suitably setting of the temporary partitions, a suitable number of independent furnaces communicating with the difierent eomparti'nents ha ing gas burners disposed therein, main fines disposed in the walls of the kiln having commimicating fines connecting with the furnaces, dampers disposed in the communicating ilues, baiiles arranged within the compartments directing the heat and gas for circulation through the bricks set in the compartments, outlet fines formed in the lower part of the kiln having also dampers disposed therein, the furnacesand gas burners being arranged to inject the heat from above while the outlet fines are arranged to draw the waste heat off from below. 7

In testimony whereoi I hereunto aiiix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

EMIL H. A. BOLLBUGK.

IVitnesses I ()rro 11. Bonus, G. Mu'rsormnn.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

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