US1272495A - Kiln. - Google Patents

Description

iVl. M. MINTEH.

KILN.

` APPLICATION FILED APR. I0. 1918.

17,495. Pandlmy 16, 1918.

N *E ffy/cow g ATTORNEYS Anon/frs Patented July 16, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3 /m/En/ro M. M. MINTER.

MLN

APPLICATION FILED APR. l0. 1918.

TE@ ATE@ @ATENT MAURICE M. MINTER, F ALBANY, GEORGIA, ASSIG'TNOR OF ONE-HALF TO PAUL JOE BROWN, OF ALBANY, GElOEtG'rIll...- i

KILN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July i6, ii.

Application led April 10, 1918, Serial No. 227,651.

To all whom z't may concern.'

Be it known that I, MAURICE M. MINTER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident ot' Albany, in the county of .Dougherty and State of Georgia, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Kilns, of which the following is a specilication.

My present invention relates generally to kilns and more particularly to a kiln system involving a circuit of successively operating kilns arranged in a series, my primary object being'the provision of a system which may be economically operated, which will be continuous in its action, avoid shut-downs,

permit of the burning of different materialsYA in successive kilns, and provide for cutting out of operation any one or more kilns undergoing repair without affecting the action ot the others or the system as a whole.

lVith these general objects in mind, the more specic objects of my invention as well as the advantages incident thereto, involved in part in the particular construction of the kilns themselves as well as the connections extending therefrom and therebetween, will be better understood and more thoroughly appreciated from the following description in 'which reference is -had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which Figure 1 is a planview more or less diagrammatic, of the complete system, certain of the kilns in action being shown in hori- Zonta] section,

Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section through the system,

Fig. 3 is a diagram of the underground flues extending from and between the kilns,

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section through a portion of one of the kilns on an enlarged scale,

Fig. 5 is'a vertical section through a portion of one of the kilns in Course of burning, illustrating the linjecting device for heated products,

Fig. (3 is a side view of one of the segmental lines,

Figs. 7, 8 and 9 are partial vertical sections taken respectively on lines 7 7, 8-8 and 9 9 of Fig. 6,

Figs. lO'and 11. are respectively a plan and a vertical longitudinal section, the lattter enlarged, through-'one of the brake inembers,

Fig. 12 is a vertical section through the heat injecting fan and its support,

Fig. 13 is a vertical transversevk section taken substantially on the line 13-13 of Fig. 12. n

eferring now to these figures and particularly to Figs. l to 3 inclusive, Ymy invention proposes a system consisting of a continuous series of kilns 15, each ot' which has an annular wall 16 and the usual shaped crown 17 surmounting the wall 16, the latter being provided with a Circular series of openings located adjacent the ground level and indicated at 18. inwardly beyond each "of the openings 18 which latter form the lire doors, are the usual vertically disposed battles 19 which cause the products to take an upward course as indicated in Fig. 5. The series of continuousl operating kilns 15 are preferably arrange( in parallel lines,

or adjacent lines to provide for the convenient extension between these lines of an induction flue 20, closed at one end and having an induction fan 21 at its opposite end seen in Fig. 1, this flue being connected to the several kilns of the series by branch induction flues 22, having dempers 28 thereinl adjacent to the flue 20 so that any one or more of the series or' kilns may be cut oit in respect to the action of the induction fan 21.

The entire system consisting of the series of kilns 15 is surrounded by a continuous flue 2l which l will hereafter term the circuit flue, this flue being connected to the several kilns by branch circuit flues 25, each having a damper 26 therein adjacent to the main 'circuit flue 24 .in order that any one or more of the kilns may be cut out of the system in case of necessary repairs and the intended action of the system as a whole permitted without interruption.

Each of the kilns 15 has a central outlet opening 27 in its base communicating with one end of a connecting flue 28 leading toward one side of the next adjacent kiln in advance thereof vin the series, each of these connecting iues 28 having spaced dampers 29 and 30 located between the kilns ot' the series and therefore readily accessible.

Each of the kilns of the series is capable of being acted upon bythe induction fan 21 by virtue of the 'fact that its particular branch induction liuc 22 communicates with u new.

its outlet tlue 28 at a point between the respective kiln and its nearest outlet damper 25), and each of the kilns is capable of connection With the circuit flue 2l by virtue of the tact that the respective branch circuit line 26 communicates with its outlet Hue 28 at a point between the two dampers 29 and 30, all of which may be plainly seen by reference to Fig. 1 and more thoroughly appreciatcd by virtue oit' thediagrain Fig. 2.

ln the action of the apparatus a step-bystep advance throughout the series of kilns is maintained as each kiln is ired, the pre-- viously tired kiln being cooled, the-'next in advance fired, the next preheated and the next u'atensinolied or dried, so that a continuous operation of this nature is carried on at all times, one complete operation being indicated in Fig. 1, Where the kiln A is cooling, the kiln B is firing, the kiln C is preheating, and the kiln D is wateiasmoking, and cach ot' the kilns B, C and D are utilizing for their respective purposes a certain proportion of the heat products of the kiln A which is cooling.

For the above purpose the doors 18 of the kiln A are open, cool external atmosphere being drawn inwardly through these doors in the saine rate that the internal heat products are removed through the outlet flue 28 thereof. With the damper 29 at the right of kiln A open it is obvious that a portion of the heat products from the kiln A `Will pass through the nent adjacent branch circuit. flue 25, the damper 23 of Which is open so that these products may pass into the main circuit tine 24, past the kiln B which is firing and,I having divided and regulated proportions thereof passed into the preheating kiln C and the Water-smoking kiln D, the damper 29 of kiln D being closed and the damper 30 open. Both the preheating kiln C and the water-smoking kiln D are at this time under the direct action ot the induction fan 21 by virtue of the open dampers 23 ot their branch induction fines 22.

Duri ng this action the dampers 23 of the branch induction lines 22 ot the cooling kiln A and ,tiring kiln B are closed, so that with the damper 30 between kilns A and B closed and the damper 29 between kilns B and C partly open, the firing kiln B is indirectly subject to the intlliience of the induction 'tan through the kiln'C while the cooling kiln A is indirectly subject thereto through the kilns C and Dand the circuit vtlue 24 with its branches 25.

"lt will be noted reference to Figs. l

. nd 5 that each of theoutlet iues 28 may ctann'iunicate With 'the atmosphere throuoh vertical opening 31. and 32 upon respectivezly oppositesides of each damper 30, the outer end ci' cachot `these outlet iiues 28 forming a separate box with the damper 30 closed as seen. in Fig. 5 into which heated products from the cooling kiln may be injected under i angles as seen particularly in Fig. 5, WithinA the lower portions of the doors or tire -vopenlngs 18 so as to provide for the disposal of a grate generally seen at 37L in Fig. 5 over i the outlet end of each pipe 36.

As above stated,the segmental flues34 communicate at their open ends 33 With the upper ends of the outlet tlues 28, 'the opposite ends of these segmental Hues being closed as seen at 38 in Fig. 6, whereby the heat products passing into these lues through their open ends 33 will divide and pass upwardly into the kilns through the doors 18 and through the pipes 36 opposite andleading to these doors. In order to equalize the heat around the kilns these pipes 36 commencing from the intakev ends of the Segmental flues 34 are plugged by lugs 39 or otherwise partially closed, the p ugs gradually reducing in size throughout `each tlue 34 so as to thus graduate the amount of heat passing through the pipes 36 of the series of each kiln, and in this Way provide for a uniform intake of heatproducts around the entire kiln and an even temperature therein.

It is obvious that with' the dampers 30. open at the yleft of each of the preheating and water-smoking kilns C and D of Fig. 1, these kilns will receive in the graduated manner above described, portions of the heat products of the cooling kiln A, through the main circuit flue 24 and the branch circuit iiues 25, under the influence of the induced draft from the fan 21. rlhus kiln C will receive all the products of combustion from `Referring particularly to Figs 5, 12 and I 13 my invention proposes a portable fan 40,

vwithin a. casing 41, communicatingat. itsy lower port-ionwith a 'tubular extension 42 in which a connecting pipe 43 is telescoped at its upper end, the lower pcrtion of said pipe 43 being adapted to extend into the fine opening 32 before described and having a surrounding fiange le which engages the v.surface of the ground as particularly seen in rvFig. 12.

At one side the casing an opening 45, through which the heat products are drawn with any desired proportion of cool air as' presently described, so that these heat products maybe forced downwardly through the eiitensionv 42 and vpipe 43 and through opening 32 into the closed outer end of the'lue 28 and from thence into the segmental lines 34 of the kiln B.

It is obviousjthat the fan 4,0 must be able to resist very high temperatures as it takes in the products from the cooling 1kiln at a very highly heated point, and for this purpose its shaft 46 as seen in Figs. 12 and 13 is of comparatively large diameter and has a lengthy continuously oiled bearing within a casing 47 havingan inner oil chamber 48 and a Water chamber 49 around the oil chamber. The bearing 50 of the shaft 46 is continuously supplied with lubricant from 4thechambei"48 and for this purpose is slottedas seen at 51 in Fig. 13 `to receive freely movable oiling iings 52 whose lower portions extend into the oil supply of the chamber 48, the oil feed or intake of the chamber 5 through which a pipe 55 is extended opening 48 being. indicated at 53 in Fig. 12.

The lower portion of the water chamber 49 is divided by an uprifrht partition 54 at one end upon one side of the said partition and communicating at 'its opposite end with a pump 5.6 located and discharging upon the opposite side of the partition, the shaft 57 0f Said pum being connected by a belt /58.With ythe shatt- 46 of the fan which latter isdriven by any suitable means, as for .instance an electric motor 59 as' seen in Fig. 12.

The fan just described as Well as its driving motor and bearing` are mounted upon a Wheeled frame-60, the Wheels of which appear at 61, so as to render the saine portable and permit of its movement from one kiln to the other during the progressive..actionot the series. Thus when kiln B has been lined for the required length ot time, the fan is moved to the openings 31 and 32 at the left of the kiln C, at which time kiln B will be cooling, kiln C tiring, kiln D preheating rand and being movable toward' andV away from the fan intake opening 45 to control` 41 of the fan has the relative proportions of the heat products drawnl by the action of the fan upwardly through the tubular upright 63 from the outlet flue 28 and the atmosphere taken into the fan along with said heat products around the ring 65 as indicated b v the arrows in Fig. 12.

To assist in the proper control of the heat passing through the fan, the latter has a thermometer 66 at one side as seen in Fig. 5 and the tubular upright 63 may have a side control damper 67 as seen in the same figure. ln the tiiinfT 'of each ot' the kilns hollow grates 37, befjore mentioned, are utilized over the outlet ends of the pipes 36 from the segmental tlues 34 in the manner seen inl Fig. 5 and as these grates may frequently be handled while hot and are subjected to very high temperatures by virtue oi the heated products passing upwardly therethrough from the pipes 36, it is essential that they be so formed as to successfully resist these intluences and minimize breakage.. To this end l preferably construct the grate 3T of oval fornito give strength, with one inclined Awall 68 at one end, and utilize plastic ma terial in successive layers, each layer being of different constituents in view of the different spacing oi' these layers from the point of greatest heat and the layers having (litterent coefficients of expansion.- rllhis structure is to be broadly seen in Fig. 11 and it will 'be noted that the upper and lower or outer and inner layers 69 and 70 are relatively thin as compared to that ofthe central layer 71, the latter being of a width or thicknessapproximately equal to the combined .thicknesses of the outer and inner layers 69 and 7 0.

It is ofcourse obvious from the foregoing description, that the dempers 23 of the branch induction fines 22 of those kilns entirely out of action, and in addition to those coolingfg; and firing, are closed, and that to prevent waste the circuit flue 24 has dampers 7 2 which are seen in Figs. l and 3 and which are located to the left or at the rear of the several branchcircuit lues ,25 in respect to the progression of the action in the series of kilns whereby those portions of the circuit flue beyond the kilns immediately in action may be cut off,

From the foregoing it'A Will be understood that any particular kiln or kilns may be cuty out of the circuit or series where repairs are necessary, Without preventing operation of the others or interfering with such operation and that my invention provides for complete utilization of allI heat products which 'might otherwise be Wasted and will provide for much more economical operation than has heretofore been possible.

Attention is, however, called particularly to the fact that the Waste heat from kiln A.

is used in kiln B partially through fan (Fig.

from burning. kiln B through partially opened damper 29 between B and C. At the junction point of filles Q5' and 28 a portion of waste heat from kiln A is added to the full volume of heat from burning kiln B and both volumes are passed into and through kiln C. But no part of the gases or products of combustion ever pass from B through C to D (watersl'noking). All the volume is passed through flue 22v to main induction flue by closed damper v29 between kilns C and D.

Kiln Donly receives waste heat from cooling kiln A for removalof moisture.

Kiln B (tiring) is connected to induction I iiue through kiln C (preheating) only.

Kiln A (cooling) is connected to indllction flue through kiln D, kiln C and through kiln C to B.

The induction fan is connected to the draft volume of all four kilns all the time, as the function. of thehot air fan is only to force hot air through the Agrates of the burning kiln B after which the induction fan power is operative to carry the draft forward through kiln C (sealed) to outlet flue 22. The use oflwaste heat from kiln A at three points is necessary rto' utilize the great volume of heat contained therein when the burning is complete, but isreally secondary in importance to the use of burning heat carried from kiln B to Cduring the burning period of kiln B. Z,

The relative importance of the passage of heat from kiln B through C will be 1,111- derstood when theshortdistance fromyA to B through the fan and from B 4to C through the ilue are considered. From `A to C an'd A to D are by circuitous routes.

g Heat vfrom kiln A is by-passed to kiln C and mixed vwith heat passin from kiln 'B to kiln C at the junction o fines between B and C.

At the beginning -of actual tiring of kiln B the heat by-passed as described will be of higher temperature than the heat passing directly from burning kilnB to preheating kiln C. As the burn progresses in kiln B the heat discharged from it through ilue to kiln C will. increase in temperature and the heat from kiln A by passed around kiln B and combined with heat fromkiln B passing to kiln C will decrease in temperature.

When the heat by-passed from kiln A to kiln C falls in temperature by reason of the cooling of kiln A below the temperature of gases passing from kiln B tc'C, the damper 26 is closed and all the heat divert/ed to and through Watersmokin kiln D, except the part used-by the tan 'or preheating air for combustion in kiln B. This will have utilized the main volume ofwaste heat from kiln-A at three points and after the tempera-l turehas fallen Souto degrees l `ahrenheit in kiln A the volume ot heat passing to kiln D will be increased by closure of damper 26 without mllch increase of temperature cluding material that scllms and discololfs by v direct tiring, as watersmoking is done 'with clean heat containing no sulfur or carbona-l ceous matter.

I claimzl. The combination of a series of kilns,

an induction flue having draft inducingf means, damper controlled connections bej tween the'said fille and the severa-l kilns,'a circuit flue around the series of k1lns,'damf per controlled connectlons between the said circllit ue and the several kilns, and j damper controlled connections between the f `.several kilns of the series.

2. A 'series of progressively operating kilns, each of which has-an outlet Hue extendit; to the next adjacent kiln in advance y thereol an induction flue having draft inuclng means, damper controlled connections/between the said flues and each of the i .llns', a circuit. uearound the series ofl i-kilns, 'and'damper controlled connections between said circuit tlue and thesaid kilns, for the' purpose described. l

3. A series of progressively operating kilns, each of `which has an outlet iue `extending to the next adjacent kiln 'vance` thereof, an induction` lille having draft inducing means, damper controlled connections between the said flues and :each of the kilns, a circuit flue around the series of kilns, and damper controlled connections between said circuit flue and the said kilns, the said connections between the induction flue and the kilns leading into the said out- 'f let filles of the kilns.

4. A series of progressively operating kilns, each of which has an 'outlet flue eX- tendingl to the next adjacent kiln in ad.- 4vance t ereof, an induction flue having draft Vinducing means, dam er controlled connections betweenthe sai lines and each'of the kilns, a circuit line around the series of kilns, and damper controlled connections beria tween said circuit iue and the said kilns, the said damper controlled connections be-4 tween the circuit flue' and the kilns leading=,

ilnto the said outlet tlues of the kilns.

5;- A series of progressively operatin kilns havin surrounding intake us, an each provi ed with an outlet flue leading...

. from its center to the intake flue ,of the next adjacent kiln in advance thereof, dampers' controlling' the said outletilues, aninduotion flue, and damper controlled connections betweenthe induction Hue andthe kilns leading into the outlet iues at points between' the kilns and the said danipeis of the outlet iues.

6. A series of progressively ope 'ating kilns, each of which has intake tlues around the sides thereoi and an outlet flue leading` from the center to the intake dues of the next adjacent kiln in advance thereof, an induction flue having draft inducing ineans and having damper controlled connections with the several outlet flues of the kilns, a

circuit fine surrounding the series of kilns and having damper controlled connections with the several outlet iiues of the kilns, and dainpers in the outlet fines located between the said connections of the induction and circuit flucs.

7. A series' of progressively operating kilns each/having intake lues and an outlet flue leading therefrom to the intake ilues of the next adjacent kiln in advance thereof, an induction flue having draft inducing means and having damper controlled branches connnunicatiiig between the same and the several kilns and leading to the said outlet iiues, a circuit flue having damper controlled branches for the several kilns leading to the outlet fines, the circuit branch of eachkiln being farther removed therefrom than the induction branch ot' the respective kiln, and a damper located iii cach outlet flue between the induction branch and `the circuit branch thereof.

8. A series of kilns each having an annular series of door openings, intake lucs extending around opposite sides of each 'of said kilns and having adjacent open ends, pipes leading from the said intake lilies into the door openings of the kilns, and an outlet flue leading from each of the kilns and communicating with the adjacent open ends of the intake fines of the next advanced kiln.

9. A plurality of progressively operating kilns each having an annular series of door openings, segmental fines extending around opposite sides of said kilns, said fines having adjacent open ends and being closed at their opposite ends, pipes leading from the said segmental fiues'into the several door openings of the kilns, and an outlet flue leading from each of thel kilns and communicatingI with the adjacent open ends of the segmental fiues of the next advanced kiln.

10. A plurality of j n'ogressively operating kilns having annular series of door openings, intake llues around the kilns having intake pipes extending into the several door open` iii'gs of the kilns, and an outlet liuc loading from each of the kilns and communicating with the intake fine ot' the next advanced kiln.

11..A plurality of progressively operating kilns having annular series of door open-- kiln, the said intake pipes ot the intake tlucs having progressively increasing intake ports starting from the point ot conmiunication of the respective outlet Hue, for the purpose described.

I2. A plurality of progressively operating l kilns `having annular series ot' door openings, intake fines around the kilns having intake pi )es extending into the several door o )en-. A b

ings of the kilns, an outlet flue leading from cach of the kilns and communicating with the intake flue'oi' the next advanced kilii, said outlet tlues having vertical openings at' spaced points adjacent the intake flues and having ydanipei's between the said openings, and pressure `creating means for establishing communication between the said openings whn the damper is closed.

,13. plurality of progressively ope 'ating kilns having annular series of door openings, intake iiues around the kilns having intake pipes extending into the several door openings o't thekilns, an outlet flue leading 'roni each of the kilns and communicating with the intake fine or'A the next advanced kiln, said outlet fines having vertical openings at spaced points adjacent the intake tlues and hav-ing dampers between the said openings,

v and pressure creating means for establishing communication between the said openings when the damper is closed, the said pressure creating means bcinginovable from one kiln Ito anotherA in the progressive operation, as

described. i

llt. A plurality ot' progressively operating kilns each having intake iiues, and an outlet line communicating at its outer end with the intake fines of the next adjacent kiln in advance thereof, each ot said outlet flues having longitudinally spaced openings adjacent the intake tlues with which it communicates, danipcrs between the said openings of the outlet lues, and a portable fan having means of communication with the said openings, whereby to withdraw products of the outlet iiucs at one side or the dampers and introduce the same under pressure within the intake ilues at the opposite sides of the dainpers.

15. A plurality ot progressively operating kilns cach having intake fines', and an outlet A flue communicating at its outer end with the intake ilues of tliencxt adjacent kiln in advanccl lilicreot', each of said outlet fines having longitudinally spaced openings adjacent the intake {lucs with which it communicates, dampers between the said openings of the outlet fines, and a portable tan having means ot' communication with the said openings, whereby to withdraw products o't' the outlet lues at one side of the dainpers and introduce the Same under pressure within the intake Hues at the opposite sides of the dampeis, said fan being portable from one kiln to another throughout the series in action.

1G. A plurality of progressively operating kilns having annular series of door openings and provided with inlet and outlet fines, ,gratas for disposition in the said door plurality of intake pipes leading from each of the intake ues into the door openings and opening therein below the said gratas, as

described.

MAURICE M. MNTER. 1Witnesses:

' l), J. BROWN, J. W. RAGAN.

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