US1262398A - Valve and head for internal-combustion engines. - Google Patents

Description

APPLICAUON HLED OULZZ. I916- Patented Apr. 9, 1918.

Clifonwq FRANK ID. SHEPHERD, OF SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH.

VALVE AND HEAD FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed December 22, 2916. Serial in. 135,453.

1 '0 all whom it may concern:

Be it kllown that I, FRANK D. SHEPHERD, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Salt Lake City, in the county of Salt Lake,.and in the State of Utah, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Valves and Heads for Internal-' applicatwn to the cylinder and peculiarly well suited for the valve mechanism, and

with the object stated in jew my invention consists in the construction substantially as hereinafter specified and claimed.

1n the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a vertical section through an internal combustion engine having one form of my valve;

Fig. 2 is a similar vicwbut showing only the valve mechanism, and immediately adjacent parts, illustrating a different form of my invention;

Fig. 3 is a like view to Fig. 2, showing still another form of m v invention. l

(living a detailed description of the construction shown in the drawings, there is a ater jacketed engine cylinder 10. The cylinder head 11 is made separate from the cylinder and secured thereto by bolts 12, the abutting faces of cylinder and head being plane. and a gas tight joint secured by a gasket between them. Leading from the dome;shaped cavity, or depression in the inncr side of the head is a port, or passage 1 at the outer end of which is located the valve mechanism for controlling the tiow through the port. It will be seen that the port is formed wholly in the head and its one open side is closed by the adjacent end of the cylinder who the head is bolted to the latter. The valvatseat 14 is a bevel surface formed on the cylinder end adjacent said port at. one extremity of the chamber, or passage 15 through \{hich the gas supply, or the exhaust passes toand from the cylinder by Way of said port 13. In alincment. with the passage 15, and thus parallel with thelongi-v tndinal axis of the cylinder and extending from the port 13 outward through the cylinder head is a cylindrical chamber 16. The valve has a beveled seat-en aging face 17 and a head, or body 18 Whic reaches therefrom across the port 13 and has an extension 19 which enters said chamber 16, and having a sliding fit within the'latter said 0 amber 16 constitutes a lateral support to}- the valve and a guide in which it reciprocates. Preferably the valve extension 19 is chambered, or provided with a cavity 20 in its outer end to receive one end portion of a helical spring 21 situated in the chamber u; whose other end has a thrust hearing, or support upon the outer end Wall, or head 22 of the chamber 16. Said spring 31 serves yieldingly to hold the valve to its seat and to return it to its seat when it has been lifted, as by the usual ram device shown in the drawings,.but not necessary to be described in detail since my invention has nothing to do with the construction oi. the particular device for lifting the valve from its seat. The casing head 22 may, as illustratedin Fig. 1, be a simple co 1' plate bolted to and detachable or remove 1e from the side walls which inclose the chamber 16. in which case said side walls are integral with the cylinder head; or as shown in Fig.

2, the bonnet formation in which the head 15 Integral with the side walls may be employcd. in which case the head and side walls are together removable intact from the cylinder head. But whatever construc tion may be employed in this regard, it has the important characteristic of non-cominnnication with the external atmosphere, so that even though there might be leakage of gas into the valve spririg-supporting and guiding chamber 16, there can be no escape of the gas from said chamber .10, and, hence, loss of power and waste from leakage is avoided. In order to assure gas tight joints, agasket is applied between the meeting faces of the parts. The side walls of the chamber 16 are constructed for rapid cooling, as by being water jacketed, or pro vided with ribs. or fins to constitute radiating surfaces of large area.

The valve seating spring requires to be safeguarded against the injurious effects of the high temperatures in the adjacent passa 'cs. As the valve head, or body is a thick su stantia mass reaching, even when the valve is in a closed position. across the port Patented A r. 9, 1918..

13, to the inner end of the guiding chaiiiber 16, the s ring is thus situated advantageously or itsprotection against loss of term )erb reason of high temperatures. Still fu'rt er to protect the spring and the thin walls of the valve extension 19, I place a body of heat-resisting material 23, such as a disk of asbestos, between the innerend of the spring and the port 13, which disk is convenientl laced at the bottom' of the cavity 0 t e extension 19.

To reduce, or diminish as far as possible unoccupied space within the chamber 16, I place within the coils of the spring a filling device which may be attached either to the valve onto the casing, or input to each, said filling device occupying as much space in the direction of movement of the valve, as is possible without stopping, or restricting the fplay, or movement of the valve necessary or the performance of its function in moving from its seat to open the port 13. As shown in Fig. 1, said filling device is in the form of a solid cylindrical pin having at one end a disk form head 26 w ich bears against the heat resisting disk 23 and it is engaged by til-s inner end of the coil spring. If desired 2 is headed filling tplug can be pladd in, the, reversed position rom that shown in As shown in Figs. 2 and 3 the filling gl'llg may be integral with the valve. The llin p ug instead of being a solid cylindrical bod may be. a shell, or tube with one end close and at its other end threaded, or otherwise secured in a hole provided in the valve head, or body.

By the employment of said filling device, the unoccupied s ace within the valve and its casing is re need to a minimum, and hence, should there be any leakin of gas byfeason of a worn condition of t at part of the valve which lays in and is g'u1ded by the interior of t e casing, the quantity finding itsway into the valve and its casing 1 45 would be so smallas to be negli 'ble.

,5: 1 esired, one or more annu ar grooves 27" be provided in the eriphery of the guide-forming extension 0? the valve for a lubricant, although practice has shown that lubrication is not indispensable. It is i. not necessary to provide any special lubricant supply when it is desired to use a lubricant, because oil for the piston head of the engine will find its way to the valve. No adjusting means for the spring is necessary with my device because the spring can, when originally applied, be given just the right tension.- Howcver, should it be desired to change the tension of the spring 60 thpt could be done by the emplo ment of disk'qyqtqvashers at either end of t e spring whose 'ension could be increased by the ,presence of one or more washers and its ten sion decreased by the removal of one or w more of them.

understood there are two valves, one for -As shown in Fig. 1, inorder to maintain the springin a central position, I place over its u per end ,a flangeddisk or cup 210 whic closely fits the chamber 16. Thus sidewise play of the sprin is prevented which is important as in t e construction shown in Fig. 1, to revent contact of the upper ed e of the va ve extension with the coils of t e spring.

. The valve head, or body may be cylindrical, but I prefer to give it the hollowed out, or concave form shown in the drawing so as to'pro'vide ample space about the valve head for the passage of the gas:

The construction shown in Fig. 3' is the same as that shown in Fig. 2, excepting that the casing head 22 is detachable as in Fig. 1, and the side walls of said casing are integral with the cylinder head and are provided with the well-known ribs or fins for radiating heat for cooling purposes.

It will be seen that access to the valve mechanism may easily and quickly be had simply by removing the head of the chamber 16 when thehead alone is removable, or by removing the entire bonnet when that form'of construction is used, and it will also be evident that complete and ready access to cylinder and the val-yemechanism may be had by lifting the cylinder head with such parts of the valve mechanism as may be carried therewith. As the valve head and seatare np larger in diameter than the diameter of the chamber 16, the valve may be readily removed when the bonnet, or the casing head 22 is removed.

As will be evident, especially since the closing of the valve is effected by the expansive action of the spring, the closing of the valve is produced very positively, and the construction is simple by reason of the fewness of the parts, and it is strong since the parts are stout and compact. With the location that I ive it space that is otherwise not utilize in L-liead and T-headengines, is utilized, there is an inc 'se of power obtained from the engine and'the parts are most readily accessible for removal for cleaning, or valve grinding. For the application 0 thegniiiding tools suitable provision is mad, such as a slot, or notch 28 in the valigehead.

In constructingah engine embodying my be applied in. any suitable place, I prefer to p ace it in thecenter of the head of the cylinder, as shown in Fig. 1.

I show in the drawings but a single valve for the engine, but it,-of course, will be 4 invention, although the spark plug 29 may the intake and the other for the'exhaust. Although the engine shown is a water jacketed one, it is to be'understood m valve mechanism is applicable to air ccole as well as water cooled engines, and its employthe hol ment, of course, does not do end upon the number of engine cylinders or it is applicable to one o linder, or any number of cylinders, and w en more than one cylinder is used, whether they are cast separately, or en bloc.

It will be evident from the various forms in which I illustrate my invention as enibodied, that such invention is not limited to any precise construction and relative ar rangement of the parts, and hence, it is to be understood that I do not restrict myself even to such particular constructions and relative arran ements of the parts as are shown in the rawings.

Having thus described my invention what I claim is- 1. The combination of an engine cylinder having a valve-controlled assage with a valve seat, a puppet valve aving a guide formin extension, a guide connected with the cyhnder in a part surrounding said extension, a coil spring bearing at one end against an internal surface on said extension, and at its other end against a relatively stationary part, and a body of heat-res1sting material interposed between the spring and a part of the valve adjacent said valve controlled passage.

2. The combination of an engine cylinder having a valve-controlled passage with a valve seat, a puppet valve having a uideformin extension, a guide connecte with the cylinder in a part surrounding said ex tension, said extension being hollow to receive a spring, a coil spring bearing at one end against an internal surface on said extension, and at its other end against a relatively stationary part, and a body of heatresistin material situated in the bottom of the hol ow part of said extension.

tension, and on its other end against a rela tively stationary part, and a body of heatresisting materialisituated in the bottom of ow part of the extension.

4. The combination of an engine cylinder having a valve-controlled assage with a valve seat, a puppet valve llaving a ideforming extension, a guide connec with I have hereunto set In the cylinder in a part surrounding said extension, and a coil spring hearing at one and against an internal surface on said extension, and at its other end against a rela tively stationary part that extends over the sides of the spring adjacent its end so as to confine the spring against lateral movement, said relatively stationary part being a disk with a flange that fits said guide.

5. The combination of an engine cylinder having a valve-controlled passage with a valve seat, a puppet valve having a guide forming extension, a guide connected Will: the cylinder in a part surrounding said extension, a coil spring bearing at one end against an internal surface on said extension, and at its other end against a rela tively stationar 1 part, a lilling member extending partially through the spring on the inside thereof, its length being substantially less than the distance between the bearings for the spring ends when the valve is on its seat, and a body of heatresisting material interposed between the sprin r and. a part of the valve adjacent said valve conirt'led passage.

6. The combination of an engine cylinder, a cylinder head removably secured to the cylinder, said head having valve-controlled port formed within the head with an open side toward the cylinder end and closed thereby when the head is on the cylinder, a valve for controlling said port having a guide-forming extension, the valve seat being formed on the cylinder end and being uncovered when the head is removed, a guide chamber receiving said extension carried by and removable with the head, said guide chamber sing closed to the external air and having a removable cap at its outer end, and a spring Within said chamber having a bearing at, one end upon said removable cap and at its other end bearing upon the valve extension within the chamber.

7 The combination of an engine cylinder having a valve-controlled passage with a valve seat, a puppet valve having a hollow guide-forming extension, a guide connected with the cylinder in. a part surrounding said extension, a coil spring extending into the hollow extension and hearing at one end against an internal surface on said extension, and at its other end against a relatively stationary part that extends over the sides of the spring adjacent its end so as to confine the spring against lateral movement.

In testimony thatI claim the foregoing hand.

FRAN D. SHEPHERD.

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