US1261058A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

E. SAIVIAINL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINEk APPLICATION FILED NOV. 9. ISIS.

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application inea november a, wie.

To all 'whom t 'may concern:

Be it known that l, GASTON lilnuns'r Ss- MAIN, of Paris, France, residing at Paris, Rue Lecourbe, in the Republic o'France, have invented certain new and useful im" proveniente inl internitl-Combustion Engines, and do hereby` declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ci the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the saine.

The present invention relates to improvements 1n internal combustion engines, more particularly to those operating in the fourcycle system controlled by means of a single sleeve to which reciprocating' movement is given from a snaft running at haii1 engine speed.

In' certain of these engines three or more ports have been provided to allow of entry of the charge, exhausting ci' the products of combustion and it' desircdot an auxiliary exhaust, and'o the auxiliary inlet of air y or mixture. l

In the arrangement according to the pres ent invention the cylinder containing the working piston is provided with a portat the upper part of the cylinder for the entry of explosive mixture, another in the upper art ot the cylinder for the scavenging' of t e burnt gas and for the filling of the cylinder, while in the lower part of the cylinder a port for an exhaust outlet is provided. Communication. with the interior of the c linder is established through ports in the s eeve.

rlhe controlling parts 'are arranged in. such a manner that the piston at the end of its stroke cooperates with the sleeve to uncover the large exhaust opening for the escape of the products of combustion. As the piston rises `the remainder of the burnt gas is expelled through the scavengingV port above mentioned While this scavenging port also serves for charging the cylinder after the closing of the ordinary fresh mixture admission port to insure constant compression under all conditions.

The invention is more particularly described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure l is a sectional view through thc Y axle of an internal combustion engine provided `with the improvements of the inven Fi 2 .3 l and 5 are diaralnmatic gs a a s i g specification ci' Letters raient.

drawings showing the relative positions of the sleeve and olf the piston duringT 'the strokes of this' latter.

The cylinder C is provided on its base with a large exhaust port lil and ut the top with a port il serving for the inlet of the charge. At the top is also provided a port l for scavenging and for assistingl in the charging otthe cylinder. rl`hc sleeve F is provided on its buse with u port m and at the top with a port if..

The sleeve l@ is operated by a conuectin fW rod o and crank from a shaft It running; at half-engine speed. l`ho main shaft is turned from the uf'orkinu pistou P through the usual connecting; rod il. The' path oiE the sleeve is such that at predeterminato moments the port m und t coincide with the ports "M, lf., ll in 'the ojfliudcr serving for the exhausting; of the cylinder, the scavenging' ot the same und the entry oi." a

` trcsh charge to tl c same,

ln Fig. l, the piston shown at the half ot its suction stroke, thc inlet port. H is wide open by the port /t of the sleeve which has a downward and upu'u rd motion during the downward niotiou of the piston. During about the ,95- o'i the suction stroke the port lli is progressively opened and closed. by It of the s.ecvc. v

in Fig, 2, the piston has about ended its suction stroke and the inlet port il is com pletely closed` 'Un the other hand, the scavenging port l is about to open by il. ciE the sleeve for a very short time to cornpletc the filling of the cyl ier with fresh air or even with burnt gas il the pressure ot the cylinder is lower than atmospheric pressure, consequently rendering the compression constant. During this stroke, the ci;- haust port M is completely closed.

In the Fig. Si. the piston is beginning its compression stroke and during its stroke the ports M, K7 ll are completely closed.

in the' Fig'. l, thc piston has ended its compression stroke and is beginning; its working stroke. The explosion has taken place by means of an ignition plug screwed in. at c or the like. During: the downward motion of the iiston 'the ports lil and la re main complete y scaled. When the piston is about to arrive at the bottoni of the Working' stroke, the exhaust port M is about to open. to give a large exhaust arca for the estl cape of products of combustion. The en haust through the port M commences slightly Patented Apr.. 33, letto.

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before the piston arrives at the bottom of its stroke, which exhaust port is wide open when the piston rises as shown in Fig. 5. During this stroke the sleeve has a downward motion and the remainder' of the burnt charge is expelled through the ports la, and K.

,It will be seen that the port K in the cylinder is arranged higher than the inlet port H. This arrangement is very iInportent because it prevents the products of combustion being pushed back into the car-I bureter. The port K serves not only as an extra scavenging port for the gas but also allows for the feeding of the cylinders with further air. Il the pressure in this cylinder is equal to atmospheric pressure, no air or burnt gas will enter through the port I( on; the inlet stroke, but if the pressure in the cylinder is ut the end of the inlet stroke less than atmospheric pressure, air Will enter which will insure constant compression under all conditions. Further, this arrangement allows the use ol' heavy fuels as the l normal inlet port cante used 'for the introduction of the fuel cnrbureted with a very small amount ol nir where it is bettervolatilized in the cylinder and at the end efttih'e inlet stroke only will the necessary quantity of air be added to the charge.

The construction is very siihplc `and does not, require the sleeve packing?- rings and conmenons cylinder as shown.

Having now particularly described and y ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be per formed, I declarethat what I claim is:

l. 1n e four cycle internal combustion en- `eine, a cylinder having an exhaust port near.

its outer end, und inlet and scavenging ports near its inner end7 e piston, a sleeve between the piston and cylinder having an opening adapted to\ register with the exhaust port,

and having a second opening adapted to y register successively with the inlet and scavenging ports, a controlling shaft for the sleeve geared to make one revolution for two or the main shaft, and a crank and connecting rod connection bet-Ween' said controlling shaft end the sleeve.

2. An engine of the character called for in cluiin l, further characterized by the inlet port being placed near the scavenging port und between it and the exhaust` port.

'ln testimony whereof, have affixed my signature, in presence of two witnesses. i

` GASTON ERNEST SAMAIN.

Witnesses:

LOUIS M. T/iinrnn, Cime. P. Pnnssnr.

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