US1259409A - Pneumatic hammer. - Google Patents

Description

H. F. JONES, l. E. LANE I E. M. LILLIE.

PNEUMATIC HAMMERL APPLICATION FILED IuIIEzI. I9Is.

1,259,499. Patnted Mar. 12, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET L UUOOUD i l- Y M i@ INVENTORS 2722K 7272.615

wITNIassES ATTORNEY Patented Mar. 12, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

H. F. JONES, J. E. LANE & E. M. LILLIE.

PNEUMATIC HAMMER.

APPucAnoN man JuNEzl, 191e. 1,259,469.

` WITNESSES ATTORNEY NETE@ @FATE f ATENT FFQE.

HUGH n. JoNns, JOHN E. LANE, AND EDWARD ivi. DID'LIE, or RAY, AitizoN-A.

PNEUMATIG HAMMER.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mar, 1918.

Application filed June 21, 19'16. Serial No. 104,947.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that we, HUGH F. JONES, JOHN E. LANE, and EDWARD M. LILLrn, citizens of the United States, residing at Ray, in the county of Pinal and State of Arizona, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pneumatic Hammers, of which the following is a specication'.

This invention relates to pneumatic hammers, and aims primarily to provide improvements in means for automatically rendering the hammer inactive or inoperative when vthe latter is released or disengaged from the work.

A further object of the invention is to provide in ya hammer employing a recipro# cating or movable mechanism :t'or directing and timing the motive Afluid in the piston chamber lends, improved means for utilizing the motive Huid to force the controlling mechanism to the limit of its stroke in one direction, whereby the motive Huid will be precluded 'entrance to one end of the piston chamber, and means for exhausting the fluid pressure simultaneously at the opposite piston chamber end.

With these objects in view, together with others ywhich will appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the novel formation, combination and `arrangement of parts, all as will be described more fully hereinafter, illustrated in the drawings, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view taken through a pneumatic hammer of that type with which the invention is adapted more particularly for use;

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1, the section being taken on a slightly -changed plane, and illustrating the position assumed by the parts when the tool is at work;

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 and illustrating the position assumed by the parts of the control mechanism when the latter have been moved to render the tool inoperative;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken upon line 4--4 Of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a Jfragmentary sectional view similar to Fig.'v 4, with the parts` in the position they would occupy when the hammer is working; and` ,l Y

Fig. 6 isa slightly enlarged transverse of motive iuid to the opposite ends of the piston chamber, to; properly operate the piston. in the present illustration, there is shown a. familiar ltype of pneumatic ham mer of this character for the .purpose of more clearly describing ythe parts and operations of the improved controlling device, but it is to be understood that the invention is not restricted to use exclusively i'n 'connection with the speciiically constructed type or hammer, as it may with equal facility, be used with hammers of other makes or types employing the reciprocating control valve.

Referring now more particularly to the drawing, the hammer cylinder is indicated at 10. This cylinder is provided at 'one 'en'd with a grasping handle 11', within which 4is arranged a suitable valve operated by a thumb lever or trigger 12 for controlling the flow of motive -iuid to the cylinder. The forward 'or working end of the cylinder is provided with a snap 'or tool 13, adapted when the tool is in operation, to head rivets.

The slide or reciprocating valve for controlling` theJ iiow of motive uid to the piston chamber to operate the piston 14 is indicated at 15. i/Vhen the valve is in the position shown in Fig. 1, iiui'd pressure is admitted to the rear end of the piston through the annular intake .passage 16, the pressure thus acting to drive the piston forwardly, while when moved to the limit of its rearward travel, the channel 16 is -closed, and motive fluid is admitted through the passage 17, port 18, groove 19, and passages 20 to the forward end of the cylinder to drive the piston 14 rearwardly, as will be readily understood by referring to the drawings. Hammers of this type are provided with a port 21, communicating at one end with the piston chamber at substantially the medial 'point of the latter, and at its vopposite e'n'd with a rearwardly vextending passage 22 communicating at its rearward 'extremity 'with a chamber 28 adjacent the slide valve and within which a shoulder 24 on the slide-valve re'cipre'cates. As the .piston 14 moves frward'ly-nnderithe ,impulse 'of pressure 'admitted to the'eai" leih'd valve rearwardly. This movement ofthe valve admits motive fluidV to the forward end i. of the hammer, whereupon the piston is forced rearwardly. The means for further governing the movements of the piston or for exhausting the dead fluid, forming no part of the present invention, will not be further detailed.

In the present instance, the passage 22 1s 'extended forwardly beyond the point of communication with the port 21, the said passage extension communicating with the forward end of the hammer. Arranged for sliding movement within this passage extension is a plunger valve or stem 25, the forward extremity .of which is held in contact with the rear face of the shoulder 26 formed upon the sna or tool by an expansion Spring 27, the latter being arranged within an enlarged portion of the forward part of the said passage. If desired, the forward extremity of the valve stem 25 may be headed as shown at 28 to form a suitable abutment for the spring 27. The rear end of the stem 25 is provided with a central channel 29 having spaced right angularly disposed ports 30 and 31. The port 30 is so positioned as to communicate with the port 21 when the valve is moved to the Vlimit of its rearward travel,'while, when moved forwardly, the said port is disalined from the passage or port 21, thereby preventing motive fluid enterin the Vpassage 22. When in forward position, the angularlydisposed port 31 registers with a duct 32 arranged in the cyl- .inder and in direct communication with a passage 33 leadin from the main fluid passage in the bandiJ portion of the hammer. When in this latter position, fluid passes through the passage 33, duct 32, opening or port 31, channel 29, passage 22 and into the chamber 23, forcing the valve 15 rearwardly to preclude the entrance of motive fluid to the rear end of the piston chamber. When in this position, the motive iuid is free to pass into the piston chamber through the passages 2O to the forward end of the tool.

To relieve the pressure which accumulates at the forward end of the piston chamber when the valve 25'is moved forwardly, an exhaust port 35 yis provided. This port extends laterally through the cylinder wall to permitof the escape of fluid to the atmosphere.V This port is also open or closed accordingl as the Snapor tool 13 is moved. A port c osing stem 36 is arranged for slidf ing movement in a passage or bore 37 extending inwardly from the forward end of the cylinder, the said bore intercepting the passage or exhaustport 35. The outer extremity of the stem 36'. is headed as at 38,

and is normally heldin engagement with the shoulder 26 on the Snap 13, by va spring 39. The stem 36 is of such length as to move entirely free of the port 35 when the snap 1s Ymovedforwardly, but closes or obstructs the exhaust port35 .when the snap 13 is forced inwardly. The stems 25 and 36 arev limited in their inward and outward movement by screws 40.

In operation, the hammer is operated byV pressing the snap or tool thereon, against the work and depressing the trigger or thumb lever 12. backward and forward within the hammer cylinder to deliver to the snap or tool the proper blows. ,Should the hammer be removed from the worlr without severing'thev supply of motive fluid through theV valve of the cylinder to force the valve 15 rear-V wardly. This at oncecuts off the fluid supply at the rear end of the cylinder, but the iuid passes to the forward end through the passages 20, however, immediately upon forward movement of the snap13, the stem 36`is forced forwardly by the spring 39, opening the exhaust passage 35 to permit of the pressure at the forward end ofthe hammer cylinder escaping toV the atmosphere. Further operation of the hammer requires pressing -of the snap or tool against the work to force the stems 25 and 36 rearwardly to properly actuate the valve on the stem 25, and to close the exhaust port 35.

F rom this construction, itis apparent that we have provided a simple, positive and thoroughly eflicient means for attaining the desired ends. A tool equipped with a device -of this character operates to prevent blowing-out of the snap or tool upon failure of the control or throttle valve to work,

rlhe piston 14 is drivenv whereby injury to persons in close proximity to the hammer is obviated, as well as breakage or derangement of the hammer.

. While the above is a description of the preferred embodiment of the invention, it is 'Y apparent that various changes in the minor details, of construction and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of the invention ed when moved in one direction to close the same and to admit fluid thereto, the said valve being operated by said snap, substantially as described.

2. In a pneumatic hammer, the combination with a reciprocating valve and a sliding snap, of a control valve in said hammer adapted when moved in one direction to `admit motive fluid to said reciprocating valve to force the same to the limit of travel in one direction, an exhaust valve for said hammer, and said control and exhaust valves being operated by said sliding snap, substantially as described.

3. In a pneumatic hammer having the usual longitudinally movable snap, the combination with the piston valve and the main air passage, the said hammer having a duct connecting at one end with one end of said piston valve, the said main air passage, and said duct being in communication with each other, a stem moving longitudinally in said passage and extending over said communication, the said stem being hollow a short distance inwardly from one end, the said hollow portion of said stem having a port adapted to register with said communication, the movements of said stem being controlled by the movement of said snap, and the said port being in register with said communication when said snap is at the limit of its inward movement, substantially `as described.

4L. In a pneumatic hammer having the usual longitudinally movable snap, the said hammer having an exhaust port at its outer end establishing communication between the interior of said hammer and the atmosphere, the said outer end of said hammer having a longitudinal passage intersecting said eX- haust port, a stein slidably arranged in said passage, a spring for holding said stem engaged with said snap, and the rear end of said stem being extended .across said port to close the same only when the snap has moved to its outward limit, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we afHX our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

HUGH F. JONES. JOHN E. LANE. EDWARD M. LILLIE.

Vitnesses J. M. BEATTIE, ROY BECK.

Copies oi this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

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