US1256494A - Process for the manufacture of artificial fuel from waste products. - Google Patents

Description

Ag FTEN FFEQEEQ REGINALD BROWN, (3F SGUTHALL, ENGLAND.

PROCESS FOR THE DEANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL FROM WASTE PRODUCTS.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, REGINALD BROWN, a subject of the King of England, residing at Southall, in England, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Processes for the Manufacture of Artificial Fuel from aste Products, of which the following is a specfication.

This invention relates to a new or improved process for the manufacture of artificial fuel from waste products such for example as ash bin or house refuse, including ashes, dirt and other suitable waste materials and the object is to render the process cleanly in operation and free from the disadvantages hitherto experienced in utilizing refuse for the purpose hereinbefore stated, while at the same time producing a fuel of good calorific value.

It has previously been proposed to mix the refuse with a binding or conglomerating agent prior to pressing or forming the mass into briquets or the like but no attempt has hitherto been made to compress the powdered refuse into briquets or the like and to depend entirely upon moisture for temporary binding properties and to apply the binding material after, and not before, the briquets are made.

The refuse i first reduced to a powdered .or suitably disintegrated condition by any suitable means after the elimination of any deleterious substance such as iron or other incombustible material, and my invention essentially consists in compressing or forming the powdered mass into briquets or the like, the moisture'of the mass being sufficient as a rule, when subjected to pressure, to insure temporary binding properties, (although when necessary moisture may be added,) and subsequently treating the briquets or blocks so formed with a suitable soluble and liquid binding material either by immersion or impregnation under pressure.

The binding material which I use is oil tar (which is a powerful disinfectant) or preferably a mixture of heated oil tar and pitch, the binder being used in the proportions of about 10 per cent. of the weight of the refuse material, and if the mixture of the oil tar and pitch be used. these materials are best mixed in the relative proportions of about 5 per cent. oil tar and 5 per cent. pitch, (both based on the weight of the refuse matter) the best proportions to be Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed September 17, 1917.

rial being dealt with, some refuse Patented Feb. 12, 1918.

Serial No. 191,871.

matebeing capable of carrying more oil tar or pitch and some less in the mixture. Again if the fuel material is intended to be used immediately and not stored the proportion of oil tar may be somewhat greater than that indicated. Further the proportions stated more particularly apply to the application of the binding material to the blocks or briquets by the immersion or dipping method, a slightly greater fluidity being required for the pressure impregnation method which would be produced by increasing the proportion of oil tar.

In dealing with the refuse for the purpose of making the briquets or the like it is preferably fed on to traveling bands in order to facilitate a preliminary sorting to eliminate iron and such like material unsuitable for or deleterious to combustion. The portion of the waste material which is suitable for the manufacture of fuel, is then passed into suitable crushing or disintegrating machine and crushed into a suitably powdered or disintegrated condition, and is then passed into hoppers or otherwise fed into presses, which hoppers may be provided with steam pipes or other means for adding moisture if necessary, or this may be effected at any other convenient stage, to in crease the temporary binding properties, and the moistened material is then compressed into briquets or blocks of any convenient size and shape. by hand or bv power.

The briquets thus formed are allowed to dry for about twenty-four hours under ordinary atmospheric conditions, this being usuallv sufiicient, but may be assisted by heat if necessary and it is preferred to make the briquets of ovoid form of about two inches in th ckness for the reason that in atmospheric drying, the air will readily pass through same and with the dipping method of applying the binding agent, the latter will impregnate the briquets throughout.

The compressed briquets are then either simply immersed in the liquid binding material or are conveyed into a suitable cylinder or cylinders the latter being hermetically sealed and a vacuum formed therein after which the binding or impregnating material is fed in under pressure whereupon the material permeates the briquets or blocks and after the requisite amount of impregnating material has been applied the supply used, will depend on the class of fuel the briquets is increased is cut off and the briquets removed and stacked ready for use as fuel.

Dipping or immersion for a short time is usually sufficient but the calorific value of by protracting this step or by the impregnation under pressure.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent ofthe United States is:-

A process of producing artificial fuel briquets from the Waste products of the general character of ash bin refuse, which comprises first forming finely divided Waste material of the kind specified, and normally containing coal, etc., into blocks or briquets by pressure; While containing moisture in amount sufiicient to insure temporary binding and Without any considerable excess of Copies 01 this patent may be obtained for moisture, and Without adding extraneous binding agents thereto, other than the said moisture, and subsequently treating the said blocks or briquets With a liquid binding material consisting essentially of a mixture of approximately equal parts of oil tar and pitch, said liquid binding material being added in amount equivalent to about 10% of the Weight of the combustible portion of the Waste material.

In Witness whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two Witnesses.

REGINALD BROWVN.

WVitnesses A. E. MELHUISH, A. MORRELL.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0.