US1244952A - Method of separating and recovering domestic refuse. - Google Patents

Description

Jfw. & 0. R. BRYAN,

METHOD OF SEPARATING AND RECOVERING DOMESTIC REFUSE.. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 21. I9l6.

l,2%,952, Patent ed Oct. 30,1917,

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

J. w.'& n. a. B YAN. METHODOF SEFARATING AND RECOVERING DOMESTIC REFUSE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 21. I916.

Patented Oct. 30,1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

, WTTED %TATE% PATENT @FETQE.

JOSEPH W. BRYAN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., AND DANIEL R, BRYAN, OF CHATHA'M, NEW JERSEY; SAID JOSEPH W. BRYAN ASSIGNOR 'IO SAID DANIEL R. BRYAN.

METHOD OF SEPARATING AND RECOVERING DOMESTIC REFUSE.

Application filed March 21, 1916.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOSEPH W. BRYAN, of the city of New York, county of New York, and State of New York, and DANIEL R. BRYAN, of Chatham, county of Essex, State of New Jersey, citizens of the United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Separating and Recovering Domestic Refuse; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The present invention relates to a method of separating and recovering domestic refuse containing pulverulent and fibrous material and magnetic particles and consists in the combinations of steps and order of proce dure hereinafter described and particularly set forth in the accompanying claims.

The invention has for its purpose to provide a method for recovering the valuable constituents of domestic refuse and separating the same into divisions or groups of like material and wherein the several steps are carried out in one continuous operation.

The apparatus necessary to the carrying out of the present invention forms the basis of our Patent No. 1,099,420, dated June 9, 1914, and for which we have copending in the U. S. Patent Ofiice an application for the reissue thereof bearing Serial No. 86696, and dated March 25th, 1916.

The apparatus employed is disclosedin the accompanying drawingswherein, Figure 1 shows a longitudinal vertical section (with parts in elevation) and Figs. 2, 3, and 4, transverse sections on the lines 2-2, 33, and -1t4 respectively of Fig. 1.

In said drawings A, B, and O, designate a series of rotatable screens, adapted to empty, one into another, and D a chute, preferably rectangular in cross section, into which the material passes after being acted upon by the screens.

The screens may be mounted in any suitable manner and suitable means are provided for rotating them. As here shown, each of the screens is provided with'a circular rack E, running in grooved rollers F and meshing with a gear G, connected through bevel ears H to the shaft of an electric motor The screens are preferably so propor- Specification of Letters Yatent.

Patented Oct. 30, 1917.

Serial No. 85,729.

tioned that the delivery end of one fits within the receiving end of another, as for instance the delivery end of the screen A fits within the receiving end of the screen B,

thereby avoiding the formation of an ob-' speed of rotation; therefore it may be rotated at the fastest speed, and the succeeding screens at successively lesser speeds.

A casing J is preferably arranged around the hoppers to confine the clouds of dust and fine particles produced by the screening operation. The dust is preferably removed from the casing and for this purpose suitable means may be provided. As here shown, an electrically driven fan 0 is provided, whichproduces a current of air in. a conduit 7), which acts by inspiratiomthrough orifices g, r and s, over each of the screens and branch conduits t and u, to draw the dustladen air from the casing J into the conduit 79 and carry it away, as to a bin or receptacle U hereinafter referred to.

The screens A, B and C and the chute D are preferably mounted upon a frame K arranged at a suitable incline so that the material may move through the apparatus under the influence of gravity. The frame K is furthermore preferably mounted at one end upon a pivoted bearing L and supported at its other end upon lifting means, such as a jack M, by which the inclination of the parts may be adjusted to the frictional re sistance of the material operated on, which may vary from various causes, as for instance the humidity of the air and the proportions and nature of its ingredients.

A hopperN is preferably provided, into which the material to be sorted is dumped, and which delivers the same to the series of screens. 7 Material passing from the hopper into the screen A is agitated and the screen being provided with small perforations, is

partially sifted andhas such particles as ashes and other fine particles removed therefrom. From the screen A the material passes to the screen Bwhere it is again tated and further sifted. The screen B is provided with larger perforations than the screen A, and such parts of the material as small cinder-s may be removed. 'From the screen B the material may pass to another 0 screen C where i undergoes further agitation and sifting. The screen G having larger perforations than the screen B operates to remote the larger particles from the mass. From the screen C the material passes into the chute l), and a swinging door P adapted to be held in adjusted positions by means of a rack and dog maybe provided for reguls-iting the passage of the material through the chute. V

;.20 The sifted material which is separated by the sereral screens, j alls into a series of funnels R, S, and T, arranged beneath the screens, and is delivered into separate bins or compartments, U, l and V], where it 525 may be collected. ilsthe material passes into. the chute D it is preferably first acted upon by a yacuum which draws the oversized material through the outlet opening of the screen. This vacuum maybe, and preferably is, produced by the inspiration of a current of air, set in motion in a conduit Y, by an electrically driven fan Z, flowing past an orifice o in the upper part of the chute D (Fig. 8). The eifcct of this vacuum is to sue]; up light particles such as paper and rags and deliver them into a compartment or bin 5 into which the conduit Y empties and leave the residue of material as a substantially thinlayer or stratum, whereby it is con T40 ditioned to have the metallic particles exposed, for removal.

l rom the point where it is acted upon by the acuum the 'inaterial passes to point where it is acted upon by an electromagnetic separator-,gthe action of which is to separateunetallic particles suchas iron and the liltefrom the mass. As shown (see Fig. 4} the electromagnetic separator c preferably comprises-aseries of electromagnets (Z 4 59 in front of which moves a belt 6, preferably of non-magnetic material, such as ordinary canvas belt. Pieces of iron attractedby the electro-magnets will be carried to one side by the belt e througlran opening f in the title of the chute D and dropped into a conduit-g after; being nc ed beyond the zone of influence of theniagnets. Fromthe conduit gthe metallicparticles are delivered into a; bin; or receptacle h.

:60 After passing;the electro-magnetic sepagratorsuch parts ofthe massas ren ain, and ieonsisting inainl-y of bottles and particles cf-;glass, will be deliyered through; a 26011- cluitz' at the endofthe chute D, into bin 311 7 1 e a-recs tests I Wh r th y ollected and further separation may be made if desired. 'Each of the bins or receptacles U, V, ll", 5, h and 7c, is preferably provided with door through .whi'ch the contents may be removed.

at is a door in the chute D through which access mav be had to the interior thereof.

1* cans are prorided for antiseptically trea ting the entireniass of refuse as it leaves the hopper. This means may comprise l: adaptcd to contain a suitable disinfectant z, a pipe 3 adaptedto spray the disinfectant over the refuse as it enters the first screen. A pipe .2 is also preferably provided through which compressed fill gg from a suitable source, may be admitted to the tank to force the disinfectant out through the pipe y over thematerial to be sprayed.

ll hile we have illustrated and described,

the metallic-particles exposed for removal, I; and then collec substantially 1 all of the masretiable particles from the stratum by magi t at lhe method cfseparat ng and recore lo traction. 2.

which consists. or primarily separating by gravity the undersized particles thereof, tlien subjecting theoversized material to oneumatic acton to break up and spread out stratum, then collectin substantially all of the magnetizable particles from the stratum by magnetic attraction, and finally collecting the residue of material.

3. 'lhe method of separating and'recoveringthe. ingredients of domestic refuse,

which consists in. initiallyremoving and grading the undersized particles thereof,

then subjecting the .oversized materialto;

pneumatic action to break up-andspread out the andremove the lighter particles and ;.leave the residue 7 as a distributed stratum,- and then collecting substantially all the magnetizable particles -from-thezstratumbymagne ic attraction: 1

4. The method of separatingandrecovering'theingredients of domestic retuse,.-trlneh consists in initially removing and grading undersized particles imul the mass and remove the lighter particles and leaf-1c the residue as a distr buted taneous agitation and pneumatic action, then subjecting the oversized material to pneumatic action to break up and spread out the mass and remove the lighter particles and leave the residue as a distributed stratum, and then collecting substantially all the magnetizable particles from the stratum by magnetic attraction.

5. The method of separating and recovering the ingredients of domestic refuse, which consists of preliminarily sizing the material, then directing the oversized material onto an extended supporting and transporting surface, then subjecting the material to a fluid current to break up and spread out the mass and remove the lighter particles, and leave the residue in a distributed condition on the support, and then collecting substantially all of the magnetizable particles from the residue by magnetic attraction.

6. The method of separating and recovering the ingredients of domestic refuse, which consists of preliminarily sizing the material, then directing the oversized material onto an extended supporting and transporting surface, then subjecting the material to a fluid current to break up and spread out the mass and remove the lighter particles and leave the residue as a distributed stratum on the support, then collecting substantially all the magnetizable particles from the stratum by magnetic attraction, and finally collecting the residue of material.

7. The method of separating and recovering the ingredients of domestic refuse, which consists in preliminarily sizing the material, then directing the oversized material onto a supporting surface, then subjecting the material to a fluid current to act on the moving material longitudinally of its line of movement to break up and spread out the mass and remove the lighter particles and leave the residue as a distributed stratum on the support, and then collecting substantially all of the magnetizable particles from the stratum by magnetic attraction.

8. The method of separating and recovering the ingredients of domestic refuse, which consists of initially removing and grading the undersized particles thereof, then directing the oversized material onto an inclined supporting surface, then subjecting the material to a fluid current to break up and spread out the mass and leave the residue as a distributed stratum on the support, then collecting substantially all the magnetizable particles from the stratum by magnetic attraction and finally collecting the residue of material.

9. The method of separating and recovering the ingredients of domestic refuse, which consists in primarily separating by gravity and pneumatic action both the light fine particles and the heavy fine particles from the mass, then directing the oversized material onto a supporting surface, then subjecting the material to a fluid current to break up and spread out the mass and remove the lighter particles and leave the residue as a distributed stratum on the support, then collecting substantially all of the magnetizable particles from the stratum by magnetic attraction, and finally collecting the residue of the material.

10. The method of separating and recovering the ingredients of domestic refuse, which consists in preliminarily sizing the material by simultaneous agitation and pneumatic action, then subjecting the oversized material to a fluid current for simultaneously drawing the oversized material away from the preliminary sizing means and for acting on the mass to break up and spread out the same, and remove the lighter particles and leave the residue as a distributed stratum, and finally collecting substantially all the magnetizable particles from the stratum by magnetic attraction.

11. The method of separating and recovering the ingredients of domestic refuse, which consists in preliminarily sizing the material by simultaneous agitation and pneumatic action, then directing the oversized material JOSEPH W. BRYAN. DANIEL R. BRYAN.

Witnesses:

OSCAR CARLBERG, GERTRUDE H. Wooos.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

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