US1134240A - Hydrocarbon-burner. - Google Patents

Description

W. 0. SMITH.

HYDROCARBON BURNER.

APPLICATION man MAY 10. Ian.

Patented Apr. 6, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

INVENTOR. /1. 0 5/77/7/2 WITNESSES:

THE NORRIS PETERS c0. PHOTD-LITHQ. WASHING TCIN. n.

W. 0. SMITH.

HYDROCARBON BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED MAYIO. 1911.

Patented Apr. 6, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 11v VENTOR. W 0 SWIM WITNESSES.-

0., PHOTO-LITHQ, WASHINGTON, u. c.

' hydro-Carboniferous UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM 0. SMITH, OF DENVER, COLORADO, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE NATIONAL OIL-GAS BURNER COMPANY, OF DENVER, COLORADO, A CORPORA- TION OF W SZOMING.

HYDROCARBON-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 10, 1911. Serial No. 626,248.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, VILLIAM 0. SMITH, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Denver, in the county of Denver and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in oil burners and its principal object resides in the provision of a device of compact and simple construction which is adapted for the economical and eflective consumption of crude-oil and other liquids in a heating furnace or other analogous contrivance, and which in its construction includes adjustments which adapt it for the use of fuels of different characteristics and for the production of heat of different degrees of intensity.

VVith this end in view, my improved burner comprises, a retort into which the hydrocarbon is introduced, and a flash boiler for the generation of steam which combined with the hydro-carbon vapor evolved from the fluid in the retort, provides a mixture of hydro-carbon and oXy-hydrogen gases which escape in sheet like form into a combustion chamber located beneath the retort and the boiler.

The heat produced by the consumption of the gaseous fuel is greatly intensified by the proper distribution of air and steam at different points of the flame and it may be regulated to any desired degree by the adjustment of valves applied to the steamand air-supply conduits and also by varying the size of the combustion chamber in which the flame is generated.

My improved burner is furthermore provided with means which by action of the steam generated in the boiler, cause diffusion of the residue of the hydro-carbon through the vaporous mixture which carries it into the combustion chamber where it is consumed.

Simple means are provided to generate heat at the initial point of the operation and the arrangement of the parts is such that after the supply of oil is turned off, the burner may be thoroughly and speedily cleaned by the steam generated in the boiler, without disconnecting or separating the members included in its construction.

An embodiment of my invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in the various views of which like parts are similarly designated and in which Figure 1 represents a sectional elevation of my improved burner, Fig. 2, a horizontal section taken along the line 2-2 Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, a similar section taken along the line 3-3, Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings by numerals, my improved burner consists of a circular base 2 which is mounted upon the upper end of an air-supply pipe 3.

Rigidly secured in spaced relation to the upper surface of the base 2, by means of bolts 5 which extend through distancesleeves 6, is the generator 7 which includes a central mixing chamber 8, an annular retort 9 which surrounds the chamber and which is connected with the fuel-supply by means of a pipe 10, and an annular flash boiler 18 formed around the retort and connected with a supply of water by a pipe 12.

Suspended in contact with the lower edge of the gas-chamber, is a spreader 13 which is provided with a central depression or cup 15 to receive the residue of the oil discharged from the retort through a drip pipe let.

The upper surface of the spreader surrounding the cup 15 flares downwardly and the lower edge of the chamber 8 is serrated to provide a plurality of adjoining passages through which the gases generated in the chamber escapeinto the combustion space 16 between the base 2 and the lower surface of the generator.

When the device is in operation, the retort and the boiler are constantly subjected to the heat generated in the combustion space, and the vapor which in consequence is evolved from the hydro-carbon contained in the retort escapes into the chamber 8 through a plurality of apertures 17.

A nozzle 48 extending downwardly into the chamber through a central opening in its top is connected with the flash-boiler 18 by means of the steam pipe 19, and a needle valve 20 is applied to control the flow of steam from the said pipe into the nozzle.

Disposed within a central recess formed in the upper surface of the base 2, is a vertically movable head 21 formed with an interior chamber 22 which communicates with the upper extremity of a sleeve 23 which is slidably fitted in the upper portion of the air-conduit 3.

A circularly arranged series of apertures 24 formed in the upper surface of the head 21, communicate with the interior thereof for the ejection of air and steam "into the combustion space 16 and a central opening 25 in the head connects with a section of pipe 26 which projecting concentrically within the sleeve 23, carries at its lower end a union 27.

An auxiliary air-conduit 28 firmly secured concentrically within the before mentioned conduit 3, projects at its upper extremity loosely into the pipe section 26, thus permitting a vertical adjustment of the head 21 with which it is connected.

This adjustment may be readily effected by the movement of a lever 29 which is fulcrumed at 30 upon the air conduit 3 and which at one of its ends projects through a vertical slot in the same conduit to connect with the sleeve 23 on the head 21, while its opposite extremity carries an adjusting screw 31 which bears upon the exterior surface of the conduit 3.

A hollow cone-valve 32 is slidably mounted upon-the outer extremity of the auxiliary conduit 28, to regulate the influx of air into the mouth of the larger conduit 3 and the interior of the valve 32 communicates with the interior of the conduit 28 by means of apertures 33 and with the surrounding atmosphere by means of radial openings 34, the inflow through which is regulated by adjustment of a shutter or disk valve 35. V

The extremity of the conduit 28 projecting within the interior of the cone-valve 32, connects with a branch pipe 36 which by means of a pipe 38 is connected with'the steam pipe 19 through which steam generated in the boiler 18 is discharged therefrom, and a needle valve 37 which is applied to be seated in an apertured plug 39 inserted in the end of the pipe 36, is provided to control the flow of steam into the conduit 28. A nozzle 40 extending within the annular space between the conduits 3 and 28 is connected with the pipe 38 for the introduction of steam into the conduit 3.

The head 21 has in its upper surface two concentric annular grooves 41 and 42 which are disposed between the central outlet 25 and the circular series of apertures 24 for the reception of wicks composed of asbestos or other suitable material which are provided to generate heat at the initial point in the operation of the deviceas well as for the consumption of the residue of the oil which drips thereonto over the peripheraledge of the spreader 13. Having thus described the mechanical con struction of my improved burner, its operation will be readily understood. After the retort and the flash boiler have been propit is consumed erly connected with the supplies of oi'land vapor which escapes through apertures 17 i into the central mixing chamber 8, and the water which is introduced in small quantities into the annular boiler 18 is instantly changed to steam which -is forcibly ejected into the vapor-chamber through the nozzle The hydrocarbon'gases combining with the oxygen of the steam forms a highly inflammable mixture which escapes fromrthe chamber along the upper surface of the spreader 13, through the passages inthe lower edge of the chamber, into the combustion space-16 where it is ignited to form a sheet-like flame. The heat produced by the combustion of the gases in the space 16, is greatly intensified by the introduction of air and steam at different points of the flame through the central opening 25 and the circular series of apertures 24 in the head 21, the proportionate quantities of the air and steam being readily varied by the adjustment of the different valves hereinbefore described. The residue of the oil which remains in the bottom portion of the retort after the vapors have been evolved from the oil, is discharged into the central concavity of the spreader 13 through the drip-pipe 14, to be scattered through the vapor contained in the chamber by the impingement of the through the nozzle 48.

jet of steam ejected' The vapor carries the greater portion of the residue into the combustion space where and the upper surface of the spreader drips over the peripheral edge thereof into the flame or upon the wicks 41 and 42. V

The upper surface of the spreader 13 may, if necessary, be provided with radial grooves 13 such as ings, to guide the residue toward the notches in the'lower edge of the chamber 8.

The size and intensity of the flame may be varied to any required degree by adjustment of the vertically movable head 21 which determines the size of the combustion space and the heat produced by the burner may furthermore be regulated by the adjustment of the various valves which control the supply of air and steam. 7

It will be understood that by these means the burner may be, readily adapted for the consumption of hydrocarbons of different characters, that by the intermixture. of steam and air all the oxygen required in the 7 perfect combustion of the vapor, may be introduced into the flame with easily regulated force, that by'this reason, the forma that which falls upon are shown in Fig. 2 of-the drawtion of smoke is substantially eliminated and that after the supply of oil has been discontinued the burner-parts may be thoroughly and speedily cleaned by the steam emitted through the various passages of the generator and the adjustable head.

Having thus described my invention what I claim and desire to secure by Letters-Patent is 1. In a hydrocarbon burner, a base and in superposed, spaced relation thereto a central mixing chamber having passages for the introduction of vapor into said space, an annular retort in communication with said chamber, an annular boiler, and a nozzle for the introduction of steam into said chamber, in communication with said boiler.

2. In a hydrocarbon burner, a base and in superposed, spaced relation thereto a mixing chamber an element providing at the lower portion of said chamber a central concavity, and a passage for the discharge of vapor into the said space, a retort communicating at its upper portion with the said chamber, means for discharging the residue from the lower portion of said retort into the said concavity, a boiler, and a nozzle directed into the said chamber for the ejection of steam onto the said concavity, in communication with the said boiler.

3. In a hydrocarbon burner, a base and in superposed spaced relation thereto a mixing chamber having in its lower portion downwardly directed passages for the of vapor into the said space, a retort com municating with the said chamber, a boiler, and a nozzle for the introduction of steam into the said chamber, in communication with the said boiler.

4. In a hydrocarbon burner, a base, and in superposed, spaced relation thereto a central mixing chamber, having notches in its lower edge, a spreader having an outwardly sloping surface in engagement with said edge, a retort in communication with the said chamber, a boiler, and a nozzle for the introduction of steam into the chamber, in communication with the said boiler.

5. In a hydrocarbon burner, a base, and in superposed, spaced relation thereto a central mixing chamber having notches in its lower edge, a spreader having an outwardly sloping surface in engagement with said edge, a retort in communication with the said chamber, a pipe for the discharge of residue from the said retort onto the said spreader, a boiler, and a nozzle for the ejection of steam onto the said spreader, in communicat-ion with the said boiler.

6. In a hydrocarbon burner, a mixing chamber, a head spaced from the lower surface thereof and having an opening for the introduction of oxygen into the said space, a conduit for the conveyance of air to the said opening, the said chamberhaving a discharge passage for the introduction of fuel into the said space, a boiler, and a connection between the boiler and the said conduit for the introduction of steam into the latter.

7. In a hydrocarbon burner, a generator,

a head spaced from the lower surface thereof and having a central opening and an internal chamber communicating with its upper surface by a series of narrow passages, and means to convey oxygen separately to the said opening and into the said chamber, the said generator having a passage for the introduction of vapor into the said space.

8. In a hydrocarbon burner, a generator, a head spaced from the lower surface thereof and having a central opening and an internal chamber communicating with its upper surface by a series of narrow passages, conduits to convey air separately to the said opening and into the said chamber, and connections for the introduction of steam into the said conduits, the said generator having a passage for the introduction of vapor into the said space.

9. In a hydrocarbon burner, an air supply conduit, a base secured upon the upper end thereof, a generator fixed in spaced relation to the upper surface of said base, a head having openings for the introduction of air into the said space, in communication with said conduit and means for adjusting the distance between the said head and the said generator, the latter having a passage for the introduction of vapor into the said space.

10. In a hydrocarbon burner, an air supply conduit, a base secured upon the upper end thereof, a generator fixed in spaced relation to the upper surface of said base, a head having openings for the introduction of air into the said space, in communication with said conduit, and a lever adjustably mounted on said conduit, in connection with said head to vary the distance between the latter and the generator, the said generator having a passage for the introduction of vapor into the said space.

11. In a hydrocarbon burner, an air supply conduit, a base secured upon the upper end thereof, a generator fixed in spaced re lation to the upper surface of said base, a head having a central opening and an internal chamber communicating with its upper surface by a series of narrow passages, a second conduit fixed within the first mentioned conduit, a conduit providing a connection between the inner conduit and the said central opening, and means for varying the distance between the said head and the generator, the latter having a passage for the introduction of vapor into the said space.

12. In a hydrocarbon burner, an air supply conduit, a base secured upon the upper end thereof, a generator fixed in spaced relation to the upper surface of said base, a head having a central opening, and an internal chamber communicating with its upper surface by a series of narrow .passages, a second conduit fixed within the first mentioned conduit, a conduit'providing a connection between the inner conduit and the said central opening, and connections for the introduction of steam into thesaid conduits, the said generator having a passage for the introduction of vapor into the said space. I v

' 13. Ina hydrocarbon burner, an air-supply conduit, a base secured upon the upper end thereof,--a generator fixed in spaced relation to the upper surface of said base, ahead having a central opening, and an internal chamber communicating with its upper surface by a series of narrow passages, a second conduit fixed within the first mentioned conduit, a conduit providing a connection between the inner conduit and the said central opening, and means for regulating the flowv of air into the said conduits, the said generator having apassage for the introduction of vapor into the said space. I

14. In a hydrocarbon burner, an air supply conduit, a base secured upon the upper end thereof, a generator fixed in spaced relation to the upper surface of said base, a head having a central opening and an internal chamber communicating with its upper surface by a series of narrow passages, a second'conduitfixed within the first mentioned conduit, a conduit providing a connection between the inner conduit and the said central opening, a hollow valve slidably seated on the inner conduit in communication with the interior thereof and adapted to regulate the flow of air into the outer conduit, and means on thesaid valve for regulating the fiow of air into its interior, ator having a passage for the introduction of vapor into the said space.

15. In a hydrocarbon burner, an air supply conduit, a base secured upon the upper end thereof, a generator fixed in spaced relation to the upper surface of said base, a head having a central opening, and an internal chamber communicating surface by a series of narrow passages, a second conduit fixed within the first mentioned conduit, a conduit providing a connection between the inner conduit and the said central opening, valve-controlled connections for the introduction of steam into the said conduits, and valves to control the flow of air into said conduits, the said generator having a passage for the introduction of vapor into the said space.

16. In a hydrocarbon burner, a base, and in superposed spaced relation thereto a central mixing chamber having passages in its wall in communication with the said space and a bottom surface sloping downwardly toward said passages, and an annular retort incommunication with said chamber.

the said generwith its upper 18. In a hydro-carbon burner, a mixing chamber and a base spaced from each other to provide a combustion space, said mixing chamber having a circular series of outlets for vapor into said space, and said base having an outlet for the introduction of air within the inner confines of the annular flame produced when the vapor escaping through the saidvapor outlet, is ignited.

19. In a hydro-carbon burner, a mixing chamber having in its bottom surface an outlet for combustible vapor and a concavity, and a nozzle for the ejection of steam onto said concavity.

20. In a hydrocarbon burner, a mixing chamber havingin its bottom surface an outlet for combustible vapor, a head whose upper surface extends in proximity to said bottom-surface whereby to provide a comparatively-narrow combustion chamber, and means on said head for the introduction of steam into the said last named chamber.

21. In a hydro-carbon burner, a mixing chamber and a head the bottom surface and upper surface of which, respectively are circular, and substantially parallel and extend in proximity to "each other to provide a comparatively and means for varying the distance between the said surfaces, having an outlet for the introduction of combustible vapor into said combustion chamber. V

22. In a hydro-carbon burner, a mixing chamber having an outlet for combustible vapor and a bottom surface which is adapt ed to retain the residue of oil fed into said chamber, and a nozzle for the ejection of steam onto the said surface to diffuse said residue through the mixture contained in said chamber.

23. In a hydro-carbonburner, a combustion chamber, a mixing chamber having an outlet for the discharge of vapor into the said combustion chamber, means for the supply of hydrocarbon vapor and unvaporized i s mixing chamber to atomize the residue,

and to mix with the hydrocarbon vapor,

narrow combustion chamber, 7.

the said mixing chamber and means to forcibly. introduce oxygen 7 vinto the-mixture discharged from the mix ing chamber after it has entered the combustion chamber and before it has reached the portion of the latter at which ignition takes place. 7 V 24. In a hydro-ca'rbon burner, a combustion chamber, a mixing chamber having an outlet for the discharge of vapor into the said combustion chamber, means for the supply of hydrocarbon vapor and unvaporized residue to the mixing chamber, means for the separate introduction of steam into the mixing chamber to atomize the residue, and to mix with the hydrocarbon vapor, and means to forcibly introduce oxygen in selected variable quantities into the mixture discharged from the mixing chamber, after it has entered the combustion chamber and before it has reached the portion of the latter at which ignition takes place.

25. In a hydrocarbon burner, a combustion chamber, a mixing chamber having an outlet for the discharge of vapor into the said combustion chamber, means for supplying hydrocarbon-vapors and unvaporize residue into the mixing chamber, and means for directing steam onto the residue in the mixing chamber, whereby to atomize the same and cause its discharge from said chamber together with the combustible mixture formed therein.

26. In a hydrocarbon burner, a combustion chamber, a mixing chamber having an outlet for the discharge of vapors into the said combustion chamber, means for supplying hydrocarbon vapors and unvaporized residue into the mixing chamber, means for directing steam onto the residue in the mixing chamber, whereby to atomize the same and cause its discharge from the said chamber, with the combustible mixture formed therein, and means for supplying oxygen to the said combusti le mixture and residue after they have been discharged into the combustion chamber.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM 0. SMITH.

Witnesses L. RHoAnEs, G. I. RoLLANDnT.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Eatents,

Washington, D. 0.

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