US1124409A - Rotary fluid-pressure motor. - Google Patents

Description

F. M. FLOYD.

ROTARY FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED B3123, 191a.-

Patented Jan. 12,1915.

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P. M. FLOYD. ROTARY FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 23, 1913.

Patented Jan. 12, 1915.

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' FRANCIS M; FLOYD, F ELKVILLE, ILLINOIS.

ROTARY FLUIJ -IE'RESSURE MOTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patgnted an, 12, 1915,

Application filed September 23, 1913. Serial No. 791,386.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANCIS M. FLOYD, citizen of the United States, residing at Elkville, in the county of Jackson and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and use ful Improvements in Rotary Fluid-Pressure Motors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to rotary fluid pressure motors and more particularly to that type in which the fluid under pressure is in the nature of the products of combustion of a gaseous explosive mixture.

As is well known, in the ordinary type of rotary explosive engines thepistons directly receive the lmpact of the mixture as it is exploded, but in a motor so constructed there is always considerable vibration, which it is the primary object of the present invention to obviate. I

In the motor embodying the present in- .vention the impact of the exploded charge is not received directlyby the piston but is absorbed and the products of combustion subsequently directed with great velocity result the 'chargeis first exploded in the combustion chamber which at the time of the explosion of the charge is out of communication with the piston chamber and after the force of the explosion has been absorbed in the combustion chamber the exploded chargeor the products of combustion are conducted to the-piston chamber and directed against the piston head therein.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view through the motor embo dying the present invention. Fig. is a view in front elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 33 of Fig. 1.

In the drawings the base of the motor is indicated by the numeral 1 and supportsthe sections of the casing which constitutes the body of the motor and forms the piston chamber as will 7 be presently exp ained. These casing sections are of annular form and are indicated each by the numeral 2,

they being provided with peripheral flanges 3 bolted together as at 4.

The motor shaftis indicated by the numeral 5 and keyed or otherwise fixed thereon is the rotor 6 of the motor, which rotor carries the piston head as will be presently explained.

The casing sections 2 are provided axially each with stuffing box 7 fitting the motor shaft 5 and the outer portions of the sections are in cross section substantially semi-circular as indicated at 8 so'that when the sec tions are assembled there will be provided an annular piston chamber 9. In order to prevent leakage of the fluid from this chamber, annular packing rings 10 are seated in grooves 11- formed in the contacting sides of the casi'iig-sections and rotor-6 imme diately inwardly of vthe portions 8 of the casing sections. The support for the piston head is preferably in the nature of a block 12 which is fitted into a recess 13 formed in the periphery of the rotor 6 and held in place by means of-a transverse pin la in the manner shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings. This block projectsbeyond the periphery of the rotor 6 and disposed against the block is the piston head which is indicated by the numeral 15, this head being of a diameter to fit snugly within the piston chamber 9 and is secured in place against the face of the block by means of a bolt16 or any other suitable fastening element. It will be observed by reference to Fig. 1 that the working face of the piston head 15 is substantially radial to the axis-of the rotor and in order thatthe full force of the driving fluid may be received by the piston there is secured to this said working face a supplemental head 17 having a working face 18 which is angularly disposed with respect to the. working face of the head 15 and which is approximately chamber includes a base 20 which is secured 1 i impact head 25 fitting slidably within the cylinder at one end thereof. This impact head, as will be presently explained, consti- 24 beween the head 27 and the partition 22' 1s a spring 28 which serves to cushion the movement of the head in a direction away fn'om, the partition 22 or more specifically speaking, towardthe closed or fixed end or head 29 of the cylinder.= At this end the cylinder is provided with a port 30 which registers with the port 19, and mounted foroscillatory movement in a bore 31 intersecting the port 30, is a valve 32, the stem 33'of which. extends at one end exteriorly of the Casing or cylinder. This valve is to be oscillated in a manner to be presently explained so as to open and close the port 30 to control the admission of the motor fluid to the piston chamber 9. The cylinder'21 at its outer end is open and in its open end'is arranged a valve seat 34 having openings 35 establishing communicationbetween the interior of the cylinder at this end thereof and the atmosphere. These openings are. normally closed by a check valve 36 yieldably held to its seat by means of a spring 37. It may be stated at this point that when the valve is resting against its seat the cylinder at its outer end will be closed to the-atmosphere and it will, therefore, be apparent that air confined within this end of the cylinder will serve to cushion the movement of the piston head 27 upon movement of the impact head 25 t0- wardthe partition 22. The base 20 for the cylinder 21 is formed with a .passage 38 in communication with which is a pipe 39 leading from an air tank 40. A passage 41 is also formed in the base and is in communication with a liquid fuel supply pipe 42. A three-way valve 43 ismounted for oscillatory movement in the base and has branches 45 and 46 adapted to be brought mto registrationwith the passages 38 and 41 respectively. The other branch 47 of this valve is designed to register with one end of a passage 48 which communicates w th the interior of the combustion chamber through the head 29 of the cylinder. HA.

throttlevalve 49 is mounted in the base20 and may be rotated to control the passage of the explosive mixture through the passage 48- to the combustion chamber. One end of the stem of this valve extends exteriorly of the base as indicated at 50 and is provided with a hand lever 51' by means there is provided an air pump which in-- eludes-a cylinder 52 mounted upon one side of the basei2O directly above the motor shaft A pistonv53 works within the cyllinder 52- and the rod of this piston, indicated at 54, is connected, to the strap 55 of an eccentric 56 fixed upon the motor shaft, it bein understood that upon rotation of the sai shaft reciprocatory .motion will be imparted to the piston. Air is admitted to the closed end of the'cylinder by a check valve 57 and is led from the cylinder by way of a pipe 58 which communicates with the tank 40 and in which is interposed a suitable check valve '59. 'At this point it will be understood that as the piston is reciprocated air will be forced through the pipe 58' into the storage tank 40. As a means for operating the valve 43 the strap 55 of the eccentric is provided with a-laterally projecting pin 60, to which is connected the lower end of a rod 61 fitted-at its up er end to an arm 62 fixed upon the stem of the said valve 43, this stem bei'ng indicated by the numeral 63. It will now be apparent that -as the motor shaft is rotated oscillatory movement will be imparted'to the arm 62 thereby rocking the valve 43 so as to successively open and close the passages 38, 41 and 48, simultaneously. v

As a means for operating the valve 32 automatically the stem of this valve is provi ded with a tappet arm 64 cotiperatingwith which is a finger 65'mounted upon the fly wheel 66 for the motor, which fly wheel is secured upon the shaft 5, .=A spring 67 is connected to the arm 64 and normally holds the same inthe path of movement of the finger 65 and in position to close the valve 32, it being understood that at each revolution of the shaft 5 the arm 64 will be engaged by the finger 65 and the valve 32 will be rocked toopen position to establish com-- munication, momentarily, between the combustion chamber and the power chamben.

Fitted in the Wall'of the cylinder 21 isa spark plug 68 of any ordinary type.-

. In order that lubrication may be supplied to the impact head 25 and piston head 27 the wall of the cylinder is formed with an oil passage 69 having branches 70 which communicate with the interior of thegcylin der 21 at opposite sides of the partition 22 therein, a lubr'cator '71 having its stem fitted in the said )assage 69. By reference to Fig. 1 will be observed that the branches 70 of the passage 69 are in communication with each-other and consequently they form a bypass for the air within the cylinder between the- heads 25 and 27 and, theremam-409 by prevent'compression of the air between these heads and the partition 22 as the heads reciprocate.

The operation of the motor is as follows:

, As the parts are illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawings the valve 32 has been opened by the engagement of the finger 65 with the tappet arm 64 and the fluid in the combustion chamber has been allowed to enter the piston chamber 9 and forcibly strike the piston head 15. As the finger 65 rides out 'of engagement with the tappet arm 64 the spring 67 will act upon this arm to quickly close the valve 32 and the parts are so adjusted that immediately following the 0105- ing of this valve the valve .43 will be opened allowing air under pressure from t@ tank 40 to flow through the passage 38, thereby sucking into the passage 48 a suitable volume of the explosive fluid entering through the passage 41. As thismixture leaves theend of the passage 48 the liquid fuel will be atomized and the required volume of gaseous explosive mixture having been supplied tothe combustion chamber the valve 43 automatically closes and the mixture is .fired. The impact due to the explosion of the charge within the combustion chamber will act directly against the impact head 25 and this head'will be momentarily forced in the direction of the partition 22 against the tension. of the spring 26. The spring 26, after the force of the impact has been expended or absorbed, will then begin to act to return the impact head to its normal position or to the position shown in Fig. 1 and at the same time the finger 65 will again engage with the tappet arm 64, thereby opening the valve 32 and allowing the products of combustion, which are, as will be readily under stood, under great pressure, to enter the piston chamber at a high velocity andimpinge against the piston of the rotor therein with suflicient force to drive the rotor around the power piston chamber. As the piston passes the exhaust port 72 which is provided in one wall of the piston chamber, the fluid is allowed to exhaust and the piston again assumes a position in advance of the inlet port 19. The operation heretofore described has been in the meantime repeated and as the piston assumes about the position shown in Fig. 1 the valve 32 will pact head 25 is forced toward the partiagain be opened to admit a fresh charge of fluid. It will be apparent that .asthe 1mtion 22 the air contained in the cylinder 21 between the valve seat 34 and the piston head 27, will be compressed and will there:

by serve to cushion such movement of the parts, the return movement of the parts being cushioned by the spring 28.

If desired, the wall of the cylinder 21 may ing be provided with a suitable water jacket indicated by the numeral 7 3.

From the foregoing description of the invention it will be seen that in the operation of the motor the impact of the explosion is not borne by the piston 15 but by the yieldable impact head 25 of the combustion chamber and consequently there will be practically no vibration of the motor when running.

Having claim is:

1. In a motor of the class described, the combination witlra piston .and its chamber, of acombustion chamber disposed approximately tangential to the piston chamber, a cushioning head within the, combustion chainher and constituting one-wall of the chamber, means for admitting an explosive charge to the combustion chamber, means for exploding the charge, portsv forming communication without change of direction between one end of the combustion chamber and the piston chamber, andmeans operating 'to close communication between the chambers at the period of explosion of the described myinvention, what I said chambers subsequent to such period.

' charge and to open comirrunication between 2'. In a motor of the class described, the

combination with a piston and'its chamber,

' of a combustion chamber'arranged approximately tangent-ialto the combustion '.chamber, a' spring-pressed impact head within the combustion chamber constituting one wall thereof, means for admitting an explosive charge to the combustion chamber, means for exploding the charge, and means operatcombination with a piston and its chamber,

of a combustion chamber communicating directly with the piston chamber, an impact head slidably mounted in said combustion chamber, av spring bearing against said head and resisting its sliding movement in onedirection, means for admitting an explosive charge to the combustion chamber, means for exploding the charge, and means operatto close communication between the chambers at the period of explosion of the charge and to open communication between said chambers subsequent to. such period, whereby the expansion ofthe spring will force the exploded charge directly against the piston. i

4. In a motor of the class described, the combination with a piston and its chamber, of adjacent combustion and air "chambers, an. impact head slidably mounted in the combustion chamber, a piston head slidably mounted in the air chamber. a connection between the heads, Springs bearing against noncorresponding sides of the'heads, means for admitting an explosive charge to the combustion chamber, means for exploding the charge, and means operating to close communication between the combustion and piston chambers at the period of explosion of the charge and to open communication between said chambers subsequent to such period.

5. In a motor of the class described, the combination with a piston and its chamber, of a combustion chamber, an air compression chamber, apartition dividing the chambers, an impact head-mounted -for sliding movement in the combustion chamber, a piston head mounted for sliding movement in the air compression chamber, a connection between the heads, a spring bearing against each side of the partition and against the respective heads, means for admitting an explosive charge to the combustion chamber,

means for exploding the charge, and means operating to close communication between the combustion and piston chambers at the period of explosion of the charge and to open communication between said chambers subsequent to such period.

6. In a motor of the class described, the combination with a piston and its chamber, of-a combustion chamber arranged approximately tangential to the piston chamber and having direct communication therewith, a head mounted within thev chamber and adapted to yield at each explosion within the chamber, means tending to return the head to initial position, means for cushioning the head in each direction of its travel, means for admitting an explosive charge to the chamber, means for exploding the charge, and meansoperatingto close communication between the chambers at the period of explosion of the charge and to open communication between said chambers subsequent to such-period.

' 7, In a motor'of the class described, a

motor shaft, a piston chamber, a piston carriedby the shaft'for rota ion therewith and working in said 'eham er, a combustion chamber, a fuel. ihlet, an' air inlet, said fuel inlet and air inlet having a common communication with the combustion chamber,.

a pump actuated by said shaft for supplying air through the air inlet to mingle with the fuel and form the explosive charge entering the combustion chamber, means for exploding the charge, and means operating to close communication between the cham- 'ton is in advance thereof, and a combustion chamber communicating with the piston chamber through said inlet port.

9. The combination of a working chamber, a piston therein, a motor shaft actuated by said piston, a combustion chamber, a fuel supply port, an air supply port, a single port forming a communication between the combustion chamber and the fuel supply and air supply'ports, a valve common to all said ports, operative connections between the motor shaft and said valve to-control -admission to the combustion chamber, means for igniting a charge in the combustion chamber, and means for establishing communication between the combustion chamber and the working chamber.

10. The combination of a working chamber, a combustion chamber in, connection therewith, an air chamber, pistons in the combustionchamber and the air chamber, a connection between said pistons, means for cushioning the travel of the pistons in both directions, and a by-pass between the air chamber and the combustion chamber.

I H. BRADLEY, R. B. AKEN.

' In testimony whereofI afiix my signa-

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