US1124007A - Starting device. - Google Patents

Description

' J. H. GARDNER.

STARTING DEVICE.

APPLIGATION FILED DEC. 20, 1912.

1,1 24,007.. Patented Jan. 5, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

ATTORNEYS THE NORRIS PETERS c0. PHOWLITHQ. WASHINGTON. D. (.2

J. H. GARDNER.

STARTING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 20. 1912.

1 1%,0'2', Patented Jan. 5, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

JOHN 1-1. G/IPDNEP zwwnfi 7ai a; I By ATTORNEYS J. H. GARDNER.

STARTING DEVICE.

APPLIUATION FILED DEC. 20, 1912.

1,124,007. Patented Jan. 5, 1915.

3 SEEETS-SHEET 3.

ATTORNEYS UNITED STATES PATENT JOHN HILLARY GARDNER, OF DALTON, GEORGIA.

STAR-TING DEVICE.

Application filed December 20, 1912.

T0 all 11:71am it may concern Be it known that I, J OHN H. GARDNER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Dalton, in the county of Whitfield and State of Georgia, have invented a new and Improved Starting Device, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to an improvement in starting devices for internal combustion engines, and the object thereof is to produce a device of this sort so constructed that not only will the starting shaft and the parts operated thereby to turn the crank shaft of the engine be automatically disengaged from the power shaft in case of backfire, but also the engagement of the starting shaft with the crank shaft will be entirely prevented until the starting crank is making its up stroke, and maintained as long thereafter as is necessary. As a result, the attendants first pull to start the engine will be an upward pull; safety will be insured and all risks of accident eliminated.

Reference is to be had to the accompany-- ing drawings forming a part of this specification, in which the same characters of reference indicate the same parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of my starting device; Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse sectional view on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a similar view showing the parts in different operative position; Fig. i is a sectional View on the line d1 of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing the parts in engagement with one another to start the engine; Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 4:, showing the manner in which the starter is disengaged in case of backfire; Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the parts operated by the starting shaft to engage and turn the power shaft to set the engine in motion; Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view of a modification; and Fig. 9 is a transverse sectional view on the line 99 of Fig. 8.

My invention can be applied to the power shaft 1 of a motor of almost any type. Such a motor may have a fly-wheel 2, and to start the same I employ a starting shaft 3 having a crank at, the shaft 3 being mounted in a bearing 5. The adjacent end of the power shaft 1 has a ratchet wheel 6, and on the starting shaft 3 I mount a disk 7 carrying Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J an. 5, 1915.

Serial No. 737,846.

a pawl 8 secured to one end of a spindle 9 rotatably mounted in a bore through the disk 7, and having at one end a movable dog 10 mounted upon a spindle 11 carried by the pawl 8. The pawl 8 also carries a spring 12, and it also has a shoulder which engages the end of a spring 13 coiled around the outer end of the spindle l1 and secured at its opposite end to the movable projecteeth 14-, which are inclined in one direc- 1 tion, but in case the power shaft starts in the opposite direction the teeth will force the dog 10 to move the pawl out of engagement with the ratchet 6. When the pawl 8 v engages the ratchet 6 the dog 10 is by its action brought into engagement with the teeth 1-1, and it slips over these teeth as long as the direction of rotation is right, the spring 12 holding it in such position against the tension of the spring 13, the dog simply being balanced between these two springs. In case of backfire, however, the dog 10 is raised off the spring 12, and the spring 13 brings the dog back to normal position against this spring as soon as it is released from the teeth 14.

The disk 7 has a hub 16 on which is loosely mounted a flanged sleeve 17. This flanged sleeve has a segmental projection 18, and the spindle 9 of the pawl 8 projects through the disk 7 into proximity to this projection and carries on its opposite end an operating arm 19 having a notched end 20. which engages the notched end 20, so that, as the flanged collar 17 is moved, the pawl 8 will be operated thereby.

Secured within the cup-shaped member forming the circular rack 15 is a leaf spring 22 made fast at one end and having its opposite end made thick to provide a shoulder, and having a stud 23 projecting from said end through an aperture 24: in the member 15. This spring 22 is regulated by means of This flanged collar 17 has a pin 21 V 40 position shown in Fig. 2 to the position shaft on the up stroke of the crank 3.

a screw 25 carried by the plate 15, so that the pressure of this spring on the projection can be adjusted. The stud 23 serves to guide the spring in its movements.

The disk '7 and the flanged collar 1'7 are spring connected to each other by means of pins 26 and 27 united by a coiled spring 28. This spring enables the disk 7 and collar to rotate together when the shaft 3 is turned, but permits the flanged collar 17 to be re tarded to some extent by the shoulder on the end of the spring 22.

In operation, the parts will be arranged in the position shown in Fig. 1, the pawl 8 being in the plane of the ratchet 6. Normally, the spring 28 holds the pawl out of engagement with the ratchet, the outward movement of this pawl being limited by means of a stop 29 on the disk 7. The parts will be so designed and located relatively to one another that when the crank 4 is in its lowermost position the spring connecting the flanged collar 17 to the disk 7 will hold the collar so that the projection 18 will normally be in substantially its uppermost position, as shown in Fig. 2. In this position it will be engaged by the shoulder at the end of the spring 22. Suppose, now, the operator in order to start the engine, turns the crank 4 clockwise, so that the disk 7 will move in such a way as to tend to drag the collar 17 after it in a counterclockwise direction with reference to Figs. 2 and 3. As soon as the projection 18 strikes the shoulder on the end of the spring 22 it will stop for the time being, but the disk 7 continuing its rotation will carry the spindle 9 with it, and owing to the engagement between the arm 19 and the projection 21 on the flanged sleeve 17, this arm will be moved from the shown in Fig. 3, tilting the pawl 8 and causing it to move in position to engage the teeth on the ratchet 6. This will enable the starting shaft to begin turning the powser r s soon as the pawl 8 engages the ratchet a further backward movement of the sleeve 17 is prevented, and the disk 7 and sleeve 17 now rotate together. The operator can now exert a continuous turning force on the starting shaft 3 and power shaft 1, because the friction between the end of the pawl 8 and teeth on the ratchet 6 maintains the pawl in engagement with the ratchet wheel. As soon as the power shaft starts to turn of itself it will carry the ratchet 6 away from the end of the pawl 8, and the spring 28 will then become effective to throw the pawl away from the ratchet and move the arm 19 from the position shown in Fig. 3 back to the position shown in Fig. 2. The spring 22 does not prevent the rotation of the sleeve 17 with the disk, but only retards this sleeve when it engages the projection 18, to a sufficient extent to allow the pawl and the ratchet to come together. The engagement of the pawl and ratchet is thus efiected when the crank is at the lowermost point of its movement. The first pull of the attendant to start the engine is an upward pull, and the engagement is maintained so that when the crank is turned downward after its upward pull, the turning effort can be continued. As many revolutions of the crank 4 as may be necessary to start the engine can thus be obtained, and the force of the crank will be transmitted to the power shaft continuously through every revolution until the power shaft starts running.

Referring now to Figs. 4 and 5, it will be seen that as long as the rotation of the parts is in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 5, the dog 10 will slip past the teeth 14.

In case the engine reverses and begins to rotate the shaft 1 in the direction shown by the arrow in Fig. 6, the teeth 14 will engage the dog 10 and move the pawl 8 away from the ratchet 6, thus disengaging the starter and obviating any risk of injury to the attendant.

In the form shown in Fig. 8 the standard 30 has a recess 31 in which is inserted a ring 32 having teeth 14. This recess is spanned by a support 33 which supports a bearing 34 receiving one end of the starting shaft 3. This shaft is provided with a spring 35 which abuts against the crank 4 and the bearing 34 and holds the crank spaced from the support 30 a certain distance. The starting shaft 3 carries on the other side of the bearing 34 a sleeve 36 which is loosely mounted thereon, and both this sleeve and the shaft 3 are received in a bearing in the support 30. The sleeve carries at its outer end a clutch 38 which engages a similar clutch mounted upon the power shaft of the engine, and the sleeve also has secured rigidly thereon at its opposite end near the bearing 34 a ratchet wheel 37. Between this end of the sleeve 36 and the bearing 34 the starting shaft 3 has rigidly mounted thereon a disk 38 to which is secured by means of a screw bolt a pawl 39, the screw bolt being indicated by the number 40. This disk also carries a spring 41 which engages the pawl 39 in such a way as to force it into engagement with the ratchet 37, and this pawl carries a dog 42 on a spindle 43, and is provided with springs 44 and 45 which correspond respectively to the springs 13 and 12 in the first form. To operate this form of starter the crank is grasped by hand and the starting shaft 3 pushed to the left with reference to Fig. 1, against the tension of the spring 35. Normally this spring will hold the crank and starting shaft, together with the sleeve 36 and ratchet 37, in such position that the pawl 39 will be out of the plane of the ring 32. For this purpose the 'inner end of the shaft may be provided with a circumferential groove, and the sleeve 36 may be provided with a projection or screw passing through it into the groove so that the sleeve 36 and shaft 3 will move axially together, while the sleeve 36 can turn with respect to the shaft. The movement of the shaft 3 to the left will thus force the pawl 39 into the plane of the ring, and will force the sleeve 36 so as to move the clutch 38 into engagement with the clutch on the power shaft. The turning of the crank 4 will now start the engine; In this form the engagement of the starting shaft with the power shaft can be effected at once without regard to the position of the crank, and the first pull can be an upward pull or a downward pull, or a pull in any other direction. In case of backfire the teeth 1 f will act upon the dog 42 so as to throw the pawl 39 out of engagement with the rack 37, and thus prevent injury.

From the above description it will be seen that I have devised a very useful and efiicient starter by means of which any likelihood of injury is entirely eliminated, and by which, further, the starter is automatically disengaged in case the engine reverses, thus preventing any possible breakage of the mechanism.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In an improvement of the kind described, the combination of a power shaft, a starting shaft, a crank for operating the starting shaft, a ratchet carried by the power shaft, a pawl carried by and movable with the starting shaft to engage the ratchet, means for normally holding the pawl out of engagement with the ratchet, means for causing the pawl to move into engagement with the ratchet only on the upward movement of the crank, and means for disengaging the pawl from the ratchet in case the power shaft starts rotating in the wrong direction.

2. In an improvement of the kind described, a power shaft having a ratchet thereon, a starting shaft, a member secured to the starting shaft, a pawl carried by the member for engaging the ratchet, a loosely mounted member having a spring connec tion with the first member, and means for operating the pawl from the second member.

3. In an improvement of the kind described, the combination of a power shaft having a ratchet thereon, a starting shaft having a disk provided with a hub secured thereon, a pawl secured to said disk in position to engage the ratchet, the pawl being normally out of engagement with the ratchet, an arm for operating said pawl into engagement with the ratchet, a flanged sleeve mounted upon the hub of the disk and spring-connected to said disk, said sleeve having a projection engaging said arm, and a resilient stop to engage the sleeve and retard the same when the starting shaft is rotated, said sleeve then operating the arm to move the pawl into engagement with the ratchet.

4. In an improvement of the kind described, the combination of a power shaft having a ratchet thereon, a starting shaft carrying a crank and having a disk provided with a hub secured thereto, a pawl to engage the ratchet mounted upon a rotatable spindle extending through the disk, the pawl being normally out of engagement with the ratchet, an arm mounted upon the opposite end of the spindle, a flanged sleeve mounted upon the hub of the disk having a projection engaging the arm, a spring connecting the disk and the sleeve together, a fixed support for the starting shaft, said flanged sleeve having a projection, and a spring carried by the fixed support and having a shoulder at one end to engage the projection to retard the sleeve when the crank is on its up stroke and operate the arm to move the pawl into engagement with the ratchet.

5. In an improvement of the kind described, a power shaft having a ratchet thereon, a starting shaft, a member secured to the starting shaft, a fixed annular rack, a pawl pivoted to the said member and adapted to engage the ratchet, a pivoted and spring pressed dog on the pawl and adapted to engage the circular rack, a member mounted to turn on the first member and having a spring connection therewith, and means for operating the pawl from the said second member to move it into and out of operative position.

6. In an improvement of the kind described, a power shaft having a ratchet thereon, a starting shaft, a member secured to the starting shaft, a fixed annular rack, a pawl pivoted to the said member and adapted to engage the ratchet, a pivoted and spring pressed dog on the pawl and adapted to engage the annular rack, a mem-- ber mounted to turn on the first member and provided with a projection, a spring secured to said members, and a forked member secured on the pivot of said pawl and engaging the projection of the said second member.

7. In an improvement of the kind dedisk and; plz'ovidedv With av projection, a name to this specification in the presence of forkedf member secured-to the pivot of the two s-ubscnibing'witnesses.

SIQQVBQ and: means for retarding the move- 5 ment of the sleeve to permit the pawl and. Witnesses:

ratchet to be properly engaged. 1 JAMES A.. FOSTER,

In testimony whereof I have signed my HARDEE HILL.

Copies 01 this: patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

, Washington, D. 0."

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