US1115787A - Steam-boiler. - Google Patents

Description

C. W. UROWELL.

STEAM BOILER.

APPLICATION HLBD APR.5.1911.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

C. W. CROWELL.

STEAM BOILER.

APPLICATION ULEB APRA 1913` Patented Nov. 3, 15H4.

3 SHEETS ASHEET 2.

C. W. CROWELL.

STEAM BML-ER.

APPLICATION PILES 5193.5, 19u.

1,115,787. ,zamed Nov. 3, 1914.

. K 3 SHBBTs--SHBBT s. L i i i/ VMM JIQNMW Mw IULM By i UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE.

CHARLES w. eRoWELL, or sAhIsBURY, NORTH CAROLINA.

- STEAM-Berman.

Specication cf Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

appiieauon sied April 5, 1911. serial no. 619.051.

To ali lwhom 'it may concer/1i.'

Be it known that I, CHARLES lV. CROWELL, a citizen or" the UnitedStates, and a ,resi-` dent of Salisbury', county of Rowan, and

. State of North Carolina, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-- Boilers and Appliances, of which the following is a specication'.'

This invention is ali-improvement in steam boilers, and especially in boilers for use on loco-1notivesand the invention consists in certain .novel constructions and combinations of parts for the purpose of economi-zing in building and repairing boilers, for reduc- -mgthe fuel consumption and for preventing damage by' fires, as W1ll be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings which are for the purposes of illustration only Figure 1 is a verti# cal longitudinal section of a boiler embodying my invention. Fig. 2 isa front elevation of Athe boiler. Fig. 3 is a cross section e'n-. larged on about the line 3-3 of Fig. 1,Fig.

vl is a cross section on aboutthe line 4.-1 of Fig. l, Fig. 5 is a rear end elevationpartly in section. Fig. 6 is a detail section enlarged of the main-combustion chamber. Figa? 1s a ldetail perspective view of the mud frame with seme of the stay rods in connection with the cross bar thereof. ig.' 8 isa d etail'ver-y tical longitudinal section enlarged, showing .the means for stayingl the extension-'of the top plate of the main combustion chamber to the flue sheet of the re box. Fig. 9 1s a detail section on about the line .9490i Fig.

1. Fig. 10 is a sectional view showing a somewhat different construction .from that presented in Fig. l. Fig. llis acrosssec-v tion on about line. llw-ll of Fig. 1 0. Fig. 12

a detail perspective view of the partition plate shown in Figs. 10; Vand 11. Fig.` 13

shows a somewhat different arrangement vpfA the combustion chamber from thatshown 1n the other figures-ofthe drawings.

'In carrying out the lnventlon, I provide a fire box A having a suitable grate lB and an ash pan C, and the boileris provided with -flues D, and with heads D and D2, the head D2 forming the back wall of the smoke'box D3, and the head D forming the inner end plate of the fire box A. At its rear end, the boiler is extended upwardly at I)4 above the' level of the bodyT of the boiler and over the.

lire box .ed so that .the ilues Dean extend to the top of the body of .the boiler, the upl ward extension 1D* aordlng a means for the 3. The lines of the the smoke box '-DS, ducted rearwardly through 4the tlues of the 1 .The heads in front and rear of storage of water and steam so thateven the uppermost f iues D can always be covered with Water 1n the use of the invention. In

vconnection with the flues D, I provide what,

for` convenience of reference, I term the main combustion chamber E, and the intermediate combustion chamber F, the latter being disposed between the combustion chamber E and the smoke box D3. I

The flues D are and gases from the fire boxorwardly into whence they are concombustion chamber F. This intermediate combustion 'chamber is circular in cross section, as shown in Fig. 9, and is divided into three chambers F', 'F2 and F3,'which are separated by-cross plates F4 having openings F5, and removable .plates F6 covering the sameVso that communication may be had through a man hole F 7 at the bottom of the intermediate chamber and man holes inthe plates Fj-4f to the different compartments of` the intermediate chamberinorder \to repair thefueconnection s,'or for any otherpurpose', as may be desired.

. the intermediate combustion chamber. are `provided surrounding such kchamber with.v openings '5F8 to permitthe circulation of the boiler j water, and the said heads are cut away at QF" at opposite sides of the manhole FT, as bestzshown in Fig. 9, to permitA the circli- Alation of water below the intermediate combustion chamber and'surrounding the 'tui bular manhole FT for obvious purposes.

4 The main combustion chamber E is cir.

cular/in lcross section, as best shown in arranged in series 1,2 and series l carry the iiames Fig. 4, and has front and rear heads, the

rear head being braced from the` flue sheet D by' stay rods D, and the V cylindrical body of the combustion chamber E`being extended rearwardly at E', as showr ,in Fig. 6 to abut at its rear edge the flue sheet bustion chamber E with a nozzle E7 to spray air within the be understood from thence efo through vE may also be provided, as shown in Figs.

the main combustion chamber in position,

charged in a manner presentlydescribed.

provide for extracting practically 'all the heat energy from the flames and gases and l, also seek to' cause combustion of the unfering with the bracing of the main com- I consumed gases and solid particles accom# bustion chamber from the said flue sheet panying the same after they have left the D, as will be understood from Figs. 1, 6, re boxv A, by means of the combustion and S of the drawings. The rear extension chamber arranged and operating'as before described. In the smoke box D3 and in front and rear of the exhaust nozzle 5, I provide adjusta- ble cross plates 6 and 7, which may be raised vand lowered controlling the draft, as will be understood by those skilled in the art.

It will be noticed that the intermediate combustion chamber is stayed from adjacent portions of the boiler by stay rods H, H, H2, and H3, as best shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings.

As more fully described hereinafter, the head D is circular in correspondence with 4the circular form of theplire box .A and the head D is in registry with the intermediate combustion chamber F and is of the same size as said combustion chamber so that the iues leading from 'the head D conimimicate properly chamber and the said flue sheet to the top, this being rendered practicable as Abefore described by raising the top shell of the boiler high enou h to form the water and steam space at 4 as before referred to. It will be noticed that the main combustion chamber E is also a circle in cross section, but is of less diameter than the intermediate combustion chamber as only the lower and central flues communicate with the main combustion chamber as before described. This circular form. of combustion chambers provides a construction of great strength. By my construction I am also able to make the smoke box at the front of the boilershorter than those ordinarily used.

The intermediate combustion chamber is found especially useful when itis desired t0 make a locomotive of extra length as is sometimes the `case in boilers designed for furnishing steam for two engines or for a double engine, as the intermediate combustion chamber relieves the excessivelength of flues incident to a construction wherein the fluesextend continuously between the end sheets of the boiler. Any desired number of these intermediate combustion chambers maybe employed. It will be understood D the rear edge of the extension E being i notched at E2, as best shown'in Fig. 6, to l permit circulation of water without inter- 1 and 8, on its inner side, withlugs or brackets E3 connected by stays E-x with the flue sheet D', in order to steady and brace also tostrengthen thel flue sheet of the fire box in its weakest part insuring itgnot to warp or buckle. The rear head 'of this comhas stay bolts connecting to the Hue sheet D also for the same purpose. This main combustion chamber has a downwardly extending tube which opens at the lower 4side of the tubular casing E6, and the .upper end of thel tube E5 is formed at the lower side of the chamber combustion chamber E when the valve ES is opened, the-said valve being controlled from the flocomotive cab by means of a bell crank lever E9 connetced with the valve E8 and a rod E10 extending to the cab, as will Fig. 1 of the drawings. By this construction, air may be'admitted in any desired quantity to the main combustion chamber, and may be distributed therein by means of the nozzle to the air in feed tubeF, as before explained.

The main combustion chamber E is provided with a partition partially dividing it into upper ,and lower sections, and this partition tube G is preferably provided with an adjustable section G', which may be set forward or back to vary the opening between the upper and lower sections of the chamber E in such manner as -to regulate the draft. and thoroughly mix the gases with air from air tube before it has chance to return into. middle series of fines. This adjustable section may be set in buildin-g the boiler, or from time to time, as may be necessary.

In the operation of the described features of my invention, it will be noticed that the products of combustion pass from the ire box A forwardly through the tubes of the series 1, through the 'upper sectionv F of the intermediate combustion chamber, thence into the smoke box D3, thence-back through the lower series 2 of lues into thel section F3 of the chamber F, thence back also thatprovision lmay be made for admitinto the lower section -ofthe chamber E, ting. airto the intermediate combustion forwardly.. through the flues of the chamber, series 3` into the section Fg'of the interme-i -diate combustion chamber, thence forwardly lthe lilues i'nto the smoke chamber and stack, whence the products will b e dis,-

flues fill the front as air is admitted to the main combustion chamberE. In the production of this intermediate combustion chamber, theV partition -platesv with their openings and the plates for closing the openings in the partition plates should be made in sections sufficiently In this construction. it willbe noticedl I and utilized vto aid 1n v with the intermediate combustionsubstantially in the same manner i employed upon locomotive boilers..V As shown,

ici

`dotted lines'in Fig. 1, the

pipes M4 are in the position to receive sparks delivered at the sides of any ofthe' spark arrester comprises what, for convenience of reference, I term a front chamber M, an intermediate chamber M', an out let chamber M2 leading to thestack M3 and spark or einde-r pipes wardly from the chamber M and communi- -cating'with the said chamber at or near the rear end thereof, as will be understood from Fig. 1 of the drawings. As indicated inor cind'ers p the chambers M, M or'the stack M3. The front end of the chamber M rounds up toward its uppe-r side and-immediately above the said chamber M an air inlet opening M6 is provided leading to a passage M7 which .gradually tapers toward its rear end and-discharges air at such end into the chamber Ms leading to the`stackM3,`a damper M9 being provided to permitthe regulation of such air'from the cab ofhe locomotive. The inlet opening M(s is'intended rte increasethe M'L being'controlled by draft' out of the stack. lThe chamber M 'receives the smo-ke, etc., `at M11 from the chamber M and an adjustable plate Mlnia-y bc set'to regulate the opening betweenthe i chambers M and M and a similar plate M1s may be provided to control the .communica tion between the chambers M and' M8, a relief pipe M10 leading from the rear end of the .chamber M forwardly to the chamber -M2 to relieve pressure at the back 'end of the chamber M when necessary and this reliefV pipe M1" is controlled by a valvev or damper M14 which may be operated from the cab of the locomotive or may be held in any` suitable position by the aid of the rack M15, as willbe understood from Fig. l of the draw-l ings.

In the operation of this spark arrester,

it will be noticed that the 'sparks from the stack' fl of thev smoke bo-x will be delivered into the chamber M thence into the chamber M and thence into the chamber M8 on the wayfto the outlet stack M3, any cindcrs or sparks settling at the sides of any chambers M, M or M2 passing down to the cinder pipes M4 and thence to the ash pan, the pipes dampers M16 from the cab as will be understood from. the drawings.` These damper-shi10 in the spark pipes are also for the purpose' of regulating the draft into the pan from the spark arrester.

In the use of the described construction, it

' will be understood, wood, coal or other forms of fuel may be employed.

The large vwater space on each side of the yfire box 'affords a means for preventingthe -boiler from becoming chilled when water is put into it. That is to say, the large volume of yhot water contained in M4 leading down-A spark o-r cinder i ucts of combustion. the water spaces just mentionedI maybe mixed with a consld- 4erable quantity of Coldwater and'still remain ata fairly high temperature,

so that the lire box is not liable to crack as is sometimes the case where narrow water legs are used.. Myfue box, owing to its curvature vupwardly and outwardly from theA grates, has a tendency` to prevent cold air from striking the fire box from below, and on this account prevents the fire box from buckling, cracking or leaking at the stay belt as is too conmonly the case with boilers heretofore use Practically speaking, I combine a spark arrester and spark extinguisher by return-V ing the exhaust back from stack 4 toward the reariuto another chamber, then-forward and back through last chamber to stack M3. I h old and mix the exhaust and sparks together in such a way they are extinguished should any of them go out of the Stack, avoiding setting out fires on the right of way.

I aiford ample ventilation to my spark arrester, avoiding a back pressure in stack e or any of the ch mbers by means of largey pipes made in convenient shape on each side, allowing cinders and gases or sub- .stances to enter ash pan below grates having a cha-nce to burn any unconsumed gases which draft is-contro/lled through same by danipers. Also, in second and third cham bers I have 'vents controlled by dampers for increasing draft in last chamber, and relieving pressure in second chamber.

The chambers ofthe spark arrester, M, M1, M2, are of considerable.volume,'being bounded on the lower side by the curved sur-A face of the boiler, extending around on each side as low as desired for area and convenient Iregulation of sparks, and draft. The curvature of the front chamber M is' of advantage in directing 'backward the fla-mes, unburned gases and unconsumed particles of smoke, this purpose being facilitated also by the means elsewhere described for regulating the draft. Any combustible matter carried into the ash pan by the draft is returned to the lire and given another chance to burn. Again, the sparks and the exhaust steam are so mixed as to extinguish the sparks or render them harmless before they reach the open air. In this event the ash pan acts asa spark arrester.

My. apparatusas a whole presents a large area and exercises a considerable control over the exhaust and draft, and'tends to avoid back pressure. A

It will be noticed that my invention' com* prises a combustion chamber arranged at a suitable point between the ends of the. boiler and in communication with the heatingflues' thereof-and partitioned to divide the prod- This is effected in the construction shown in Fig. 1 by the plates llll G andG in the chamber E and the vtrans- .13

verse plates Vinthe chamber l." and this con struction may be preferred in the manufacture of new boilers.

The `construction shown in Figs. '10, l1 and l2 may be preferred in and `reconstruction'of. old boilers. In this construction the combustion chamber con- -nects at its rear end with all of the heating flues A I Ofso'thatl all of lthe flues at the rear of the boiler' discharge at their .forward ends into `the rear end o-f the chamber O. Manifestly .this construction shown in Fig. may be employedwith any desired form of iir'e box. -Within the chamber O is provided a parti- 'tion Q. which may be made of sheet metal or fire brick shown in detailin Fig. l2 and `Fig. 13 inclining upwardly from its lower Y to its upper end and preferably rounded from 'sideto side as best shownin Fig. l2 so that' the products of combustion dis- -chargedby-the rear lines P to the rearend of the chamber Owill be discharged from the front end of said chamber O at the upflues U from which they are discharged into 'the smoke'chamber and then into the stack.

subject to the action of the exhaust as will be understood fi'om Fig. 10. Manife'stly the .partition plates Q may be ofany shape to suit.y the manner in which the lines are divided. As will' be understood froniFig. 10, this combustion chamber O maybe used without any chamber such. as the chamber E shown in Figi and it will'operate tocontrol-and direct the products of combustion in'the'manner desired.V In the operation of Vthis construction shown in Fig. 10, the flames from all the flues in 'rearof the cham* ber'O discharge intosaid chamber and passthence through the upper series of fines R. and thence back through'the. iues S in the 5.0l lower end of the chamber 0 and thence forr ward through the yintermediate ilues O yto 'the smoke chamber in smoke boX, thence to the stack. At 'the lower end of the chamber M O I provide means at V Ato pei-'init the in- ,troduction'iof air and for regulating the introduction of such air, the-said'means 'be-v iingA substantially the same as the air introi ducing devices shown itt-E5 in Fig. 1. y

A. man hole may be provided on the front and y10.

`Within the smoke box at 'the front of' the-boiler, I arrange at'the base'of the stack V Land in communication therewith and with y 4the 'center series of iues what,' for conthe repairing central 'series of 'lue's and direct the same P of the series in rear of the chamberv per portion thereof, the products-*thus col' .lecting in the' upper series of iues R andv side of the chamber. as shown in lFigs..` l`

venienc'e of reference, I terma smoke chamber which, as best shownfin Fig.' 3, widens outwardly at its lower. end in suolil -manner as to receive the products received from the to the stack 4. This smoke chamber is arranged ,inside of the main smoke boX and receives thedischarge from the nozzle and from thel center iues,' and empties its contents into the stackl. The smoke chamber is for the purpose ofreceiring the draft and products of combustion from the centerse-A -ries of fines. -Manifest-ly this smoke chamber at the base of the stack i may be made in any desirable shape to serve, its purpose and may be extended straight across the smoke box, straight or setting level under the stack 4, Stra-ight 'across to sides, connecting-to nozzle onbottoni side as shown, br' curving .around to each side and passing to the sides'of the smoke boX in any circle as may be desired,l with a manhole in front as-sliown in Figs. 1 and l0' for entering said chamber for any purpose, with adjust- A able4 sheets or platesat the bottom' of said chamber, see Fig. 1,-.for the purpose of regul-ating the draft in the -main smoke box in front and behind the nozzle, and the partition sheets inside the combustion cham' ber to be made in accordance with'the shape of this chamber thatconnects to the up riOjht stack Je for receiving draft through cen'ter'series of lines. l This smoke chamber at the base of the stack #i and resting upon 1 the nozzle is' also utilized@ in the construction shownin Fig. l0. 'for receiving the vexhaust. from the nozzle at the bottoni and the llames or products of combustion through the middle series, of the lines. .This middle series, as shown v'in Fig. l0, may'be spaced off right straight through the center ofthe boilerv from one side to 'the other or arranged in any other convenient form. It will be noted 'that the. main smoke box rests upon the nozzle, and upon the top side is connected to the stack. be restricted, however, to any special shape for the smokechainber, as it may be shaped 'to suit the arrangement of the fines, divided in three series with the 'cent-ral seriesdisf charging into it. It'will also be noted that the'smoke chamber is bolted to the Hangeof the nozzle with hole cut out for the .exhaust to pass through and extending from the flue sheet out in front of the nozzle with" adjustable sheets or plates on its bottom in front and behind the nozzle.

. The top sheet of the 'smoke' chamber extends from the flue sheet over the centra-l series .ofv flues.l forward above the nozzle with hole cut out directly over the center 1of the nozzle for the upright"` stack 4 to be riveted to, this 'stacks-being intended to carry away the products discharged into the smoke chamber. .On the vfront side of I do not wish to.'

size of this chamber depends on the way the central or middle section or series of flues are divided off `lfrom the upper and lower series for convenience and' yfor the purpose of receiving the draft or contents from the fire. box or combustion chamber 'through the central series of flues.

2. A steam In Fig. 13 I show a combustion chamber disposed in the iire box and this construction may beused when desired, and when used the combustion chamber may be made of any suitable fire brick or similar material.

I claim: l.

1. A steam boiler having heating tlues arranged in three series, with an upper series conducting the products of combustionpforwardly from the re box, a lowerpseries returning the said products and an intermediate series receiving the products from the lower series and conducting the same forwardly between the upper and lower series toa delivery point, substantially as set forth. boiler having heating flues and a combustion chamber and having its heating .flues divided into upper, lower and intermediate series, a smoke box in advance of the boiler` and lreceiving' the products discharged bythe upper series offlues and deliveringthe same to the lower series of tlues with the latter discharging into the combustion chamber and the intermediate flues extending forwardly from the combustion chamber, a smoke chamber t0 which the intermediate flues discharge, an exhaust nozzle discharging into such chamber and a stack leadingfrom the chamber, 'substantially as set forth.

3. A steam boiler havingheating llines ,and

acombustion chamber divided into three 'dif-V ferent sections, with each section coinmunif eating witha series of the flues, the said combustion chamber having anopening and having its partitions provided with openings and with closures therefor, with the partitions and the closures so formed as to permit their insertionor withdrawal through the open- 'ing leading tothe combustion chamber, substantially .as set forth.

4. A steam boiler having heating flues and a main combustion chamber and 'an intermediate combustion chamber located within the boiler, the heating fluesof the boiler being divided into three series, an upper,

lower and intermediate series, with the lower andinter'mediate series communicat-'- i-ng with'the main combustion chamber and the upper, lower and intermediate series this chamber for lcommunicating with the intermediate com@ bustion chamber, .the latter being divided into sections corresponding with the several series of flues, substantiallv as set forth.

5. In a boiler the coinbinationof a boiler shell, a plurality of groups of fines within said shell and receiving 4the llames and gases yin succession, liue sheets spaced apart to form a combustion chamber and the lues ext-- tending in opposite directions from said sheets, and` partitions dividing said chain ber into separate passages that communi cate with the opposite lines in said flue sheets forthe passage of flames and gases in traveling through the lues in succession.

6. In a boiler the combination of a boileix shell containing a smoke box, a chamber within the smoke box, and having a discharge outlet', groups of liues in communication with the interior of the smoke box, but not with said chamber, respectively leading to the chamber and leading from the chain ber and tlues communicating with said chamber with which the llues leading from -the smoke box communicate.

7. In a boiler the combination of a conibustion chamber within the boiler formed of a cylindrical shell, a line. sheet and rear head, a lire box flue sheet, said head being stayed to said tire box :tlue sheet and spaced therefrom, and the cylindrical.' shell being extended beyond said head to the flue sheet of the fire box with cut away portions for Athe circulation of water between lthe head and the fire box iiue sheet, a draft plate projecting from the combustion chamber flue sheet and having an adjustable member to regulate the draft, and groups of flues connected with the combustion chamber 'line sheet and opening into the latter respectively above and below said draft plate.

8. Ina boiler the combination of" a boiler shell and a combustion chamber consisiingY of a cylindrical shell and front and rear flue sheets, said shell having a tlangewat each end, the flanges being riveted to the front and rear liuc sheets, respectively, said shell being of less daimetei tha ntlie boiler shell and spaced therefrom, and thefront and rear flue sheets extending beyond theI cvlindrical shelll andto the boiler shelly and having flanges riveted to the` boiler shell.

9. In a boiler the combination of three groups of liues receiving the llames and gases in succession, said groups being arranged as upper, lower and intermediate, a smoke box, a stack, an exhaust nozzle, and a chamber within the smoke box in'communication with the exhaust nozzle and with s'aid -and intermediate groups, a Vsmoke box into group communicate.v afchamliier wit-hin said at their inlet lends, and an outlet from said. 4smoke box chamber in communication with smoke box,' an exhaust nozzle communicating with `said chamber, a combustion-chain'- ber secured to said lire box and communicating with the lower group of iues at their 'discharge ends and with the intermediate group of fluesv at their inlet ends, and an outlet, from said.- smoke box chamber inl communication with the discharge ends of the intermediate group of flues. e

11. In a boiler the combination -of a fire box, heating flues arraiiged'in upper, lower and intermediate groups, a sino-ke box into which the flues of the upper yfrroup vdischarge, and ywith whichl the inlet ends of @the lower gro-up communicate, a chamber within said smoke box, an exhaust nozzle communica-ting with said chamber, a combustion chamber circular in cross sect-ion and communicating with the lower group of flues at their discharge ends and withv the intermediate group of fines the discharge end `of the.' intermediate group of flues.

'12'. In a boiler the combination of a. lire box, rear and front chambers, agroup of fines leading from the lire box to the fori .ward chamber in 'the upper part of the boiler, a group of fines leading 4from the forward chamber to the rear chamber in the lower part of the boiler, and an inter-V mediate group of iiues leading from the, upper part of the rear chamber forward to v the discharge.

13. In a boiler the combination of afire box, rear vand front chambers, a 'group of flues leading from the lire box to the for-v ward chamber in the upper part of fthe boiler, a group of flues leading from the forward chamber tothe rear chamber in the lower part of the boiler, anintermedi-ate group o-f fines leading from the upper part' of the rear chamber forward to the discharge, and a combustion chamber inter-` mediate said forward and'rear chambers and communicating with all of said lines. il. In a boiler the combinationof a fire box, rear and front chambers, 'a group ofv fines leading fi'om the fire box'to the for? ward chamber in the upper part of the boiler, a. group of fines leading from the.

forward chamber to the .rear chamber in the lower part of the boiler. gan intermedifl ate group of iues leading fromthe upper part-of the rear'ch'amber forward to the discharge, and a combustion chamber inter-l 'mediate said forward 'and 'rear chambers and communicating With-all of said fines, .andcoirnprisn-ig. ai `plurality .ofV independent compartments. l

boiler, agroup of lues leading from the for- -ilues leading from the i'ire box to the forf ward chamber in the kupper part of the ward chamber to the rear chamber i-n the lower part of the boiler, an intermediate group of flues'leading from the upper part of' the rear .chamber .forward to 'the' discharge, a boiler shell, a manhole tube leading from the boiler shell to said rear cham- .'ber, anfair feeding tube extending through the man-hole cover and nian-hole tube, and means for regulating the suppl;vv of air to said rear chamber.

16. In a boiler the combination of heating -liuesv arranged in upper, lower and intermediate groups, a smoke-box having an in,-` ner chamber, a stack leading from an opening in the top of said chamber through an opening in the top of the lsmoke box. an exhaust nozzle leading to an Yopening in the bottom of said chamber and delivering its discharge to the lower end of saidA stack,- and a combustion chamber thaiis in coii'iniunication with the inlet ends of the intermediate group of flues, the outlet, ends of said group being in communicationl with'tlie internal chamber of the smoke box, and said smoke box being. in communication with the outlet ends ofthe upper group offlues a-nd the inlet ends Vof the lower group of lines,

,and the outlet end of the lower group lof flues benigni communication withsa-id com'- bustion. chamber. A 100 l?. In boiler theioombina'tion' oflieating dues-arranged in groups, oneabove another, a smoke box having an interior chamiber, the back wallof the smoke box being af flue sheet for said heating'fines,v the upper 105 and lower groups of flues opening into the -smoke box outside of said inner chamber,

and the innerv group of flues opening intoA said chamber, a stack extending upward vfrom the inner chamber and opening through 1 10 the top of the smoke hofman exhaust nozzlepassing fromk an opening in the bottom of the smoke box to an opening in the bottom wall of the inner chamber, and adjustable plates extending into the Vsmoke box from the bottoni wall o f the innerchamber. v v

18. .In a boiler the combination of heating fines arranged in upper, lower, and intermediategroups, a smokeb'ox having'an in. ner chamber, a'stack leading-fronian open- 120 ing in the top of said chamber Ithrough `an opening in-tlietopof the smoke box, an ex. haust nozzle leading to an .openinginfthe bottom vof said chamber and deliveringits discharge to the lower end of's'aidstack, and l'.1-25 a combustion 'chamber-that isl inv communica# tion with the inlet en'ds of the intermediate groups of fines, the outlet, ends of said group being in communication with the internal chamber of the `smoke box, and said smoke 30 fio box in `'communication with the outlet endsof-t e upper group of Hues and the in' v letfends of, thelower group of Hues, and .the .putlet endof he lower group of Hues being 1ncommunication with said combustionehamber, anda man-hole in the front wall of the inner chamber. y 4v1.9; In a boiler the combination of-a fire box having its front Wall formed of a Hue sheet, heating Hues arranged in groups one above another, the Hues of one of said groups passing through said Huesheet, draft regulating plates, a combustion chamber formed of a cylindrical shell that at one end bears. against said Hue sheet, a Hue sheet at the front end of said cylindrical shell, and

a head at the rear end spaced Vfrom the fire lbox Hue sheet, said shell having circulation openings intothe space between the Hre box Hue sheet and said hea-d, the portion of the shell extending from the head to the fire box Huev sheet forming a brace for the .Hre box Hue sheet, stay bolts connecting said head and the fire boxv Hue sheet, the Hues of ,the lower and intermediate groups.` opening through said combustion chamber Hue sheet, means for directing Hanies and gases from the .upper group of heating Hues to the lower group, and means for the discharge of lflames and gases from the inner group of Hues.

. 20. In a boiler the combination of a Hre .box having its front wall formed of .a Hue sheet, heating Hues arranged in groups one above another, the Hues of one of said groups passing through said Hue sheet, a combustion chamber .formed of a cylindrical shell that at one end bears against said Hue sheet, a Hue sheet at the front end of said cylindrical shell, and a head at the rear end Ispaced from the fire boxHue sheet, said shell having circulation openings into the space between the Hre box Hue sheet and said head,

the portion of the shell extending from the head'tothe fire box Hue sheetv forming a -brace for the Hre box Hue sheet, stay bolts connecting said head and the fire box Hue sheet, the Hues of the lower and intermediate groups openingthrough said combus- 'tion chamber Hue sheet, draft regulating plates mounted on the combustion chamber .Hue sheet between the lower'and intermediate groups of Hues,

means for directing flames and gases from the upper group of heating vHues to the lower group, and -means for lthe discharge of Hames and gases from the inner group of Hues.

'2L In a Iboiler the combination of a Hre box,`a smoke box, a chamber within the same three groups of heating Hues, one of which groups extends from the lire box to the smoke box, a. combustion chamber communicating with the smoke box through another group'of Hues, the third group of Hues extending from the combustion c amber to the.

inner chamber of the smoke box, and a stack communicating with the interior of said inner chamber, a space being left vbetween the front :of the inner .box and the front' wall of the smoke .boxfor the xpassage of Haines and gases from the group of Hues.- `leading from the Hre box to the group of Hues leading to the combustion chamber.

22. In a boiler the combination of a smoke box, one wall of which is a Hue sheet, heating Hues arranged in a plurality of groups,

ing Hues arranged in a `plurality of groups,

one above another,'.said smoke box having an inner chamber, a stack leading from said inner chamber, an exhaust nozzle leading into said inner-chamber, means connecting the cuter Wall of said inner chamber with said Hue sheet, the Hues of certainof said groups communicating with the smoke box outside of said inner chamber, and the Hues of another group interior of` said chamber, and adjustable draft plates secured to the outside wall'of said inner chamber.

24. In a boiler the 'fcombination of a combustion chamber having" a-wall formed by a Hue sheet, groups of heating Hues secured to said sheet, and an adlustable draft plate bustion chamber. to control the passage from one group of Hues to another group of Hues. 25. In a boiler thecombination of a. front Hue sheet, a rear V'Hue sheet, a combustion.

communicating with the ..105 extending from said Hue sheet into the coin-w chamber having a 'wall formed of a fluev sheet, a group ofHues establishing communication between the spaces outside ofthe front andrear Hue sheets, a group of Hues establishing communication between the outside of -thefront Hue sheet- `and the interior of the combustion chamber, and a group of Hues establishing communication between said combustion vchamber and a point of discharge in advance of said front Hue sheet.v

26. In a'boiler the combination of a front Hue sheet, a rear Hue sheet, accombustion chamber having a wall formed of a. Hue

sheet, a groupV of Hues establishing communication 'between the spaces outside of the front and rear Hue sheets, a group of Hues establishing communication between the. outsideof the front Hue sheet and the interior of the combustion chamber, a group of ues establishing communication between said combustion chamber and a point of discharge in advance'of said-front flue sheet, and means forsupplyiug air from outside the boiler to said combustion chamber.

27. In a boil-er the coinbinationof a shell, a combustion chamber within the shell, a tapering tube passing through an opening in the shell andleadingto thel interior of the combustionchamber, the smaller end vof said tube being inward and having an outturned flange in contact with the outer wall of `the combustion chamber, and a flange around the opening in the shell through which the tube passes and to which the larger end of the tubeis secured,said tube being removable bodily through the shell' opening.

28.- In a boiler the combination of vanl outer shell consisting of a front cylindrical section, a rear substantially cylindrical section, and a frusto-'conical intermediate section, a. ire box that. is arc-shaped in cross section andis within the rear section of the boiler shell, the top side of the lire box ber ing substantially -in line with thet'op side of the front cylindrical section of the boiler shell, a flue sheet in the forward end of said cylindrical section, a rear flue sheet in `the forward end of the fire box, and heating lines connected with said flue sheets in the upper parts thereof, the rear boiler section beinglarger than the inclosed lire box so as to provide water and steam space abovethe lire box.

29.V In a boiler thecombination of a shell composed ofa cylindrical section, a frusto conical section and an arc-shaped section, the cylindrical section being atthe front of the boiler and the arc-shapev section at the rear, the diameterf the arc-shape'sectioii being greater than that of thev cylindrical section, -and the small and'large' ends of the frusto-conical section being "respectively connected with the cylindrical front section and therear arc-shape section, al flue sheet,-

in the forward end of the front section, a rear iue sheet, lues connected `with .said sheets, a fire box shell arc-shape in cross section whose front end is formed by said -rear luesheet, the top of said fire box shell b'ef ing substantially in line with the top ofthe front cylindrical section, .and afmudframe that forms with the arc-shape boiler section the rear portion of the boiler shell, the

front portion of the mud fraine'beingcurved.

downward andextending across to each side ofthe' arc-shape shell section.

30. In a boiler the combination' of a shell that comprises a frusto-conical section and i an arc-shape'-section, afmudaframethaft extends alongthefa'rc extremities of'the arc shape, sectionand extends between said ex'- 4 mud frame,`

tremities at the forward endand is curved downward on a radius the same as that of the larc shape section to form a complete circular shape, vand a connection between the frus-to-conical section and the arc shape section-and the mud frame.

31.-.In a boiler the combination of a shell that comprises -a frusto-'conical section, an

arc shape section, and a cylindrical ,section that forms the front ofthe boiler shelland is of 4less diameter than the arc-shape -section, a mud frame that extends alongthe arc-extremities of thearc shape section to forma complete circularshape, and a: connection between. the frusto-conical section and the arc shape section and the mud frame.'

32. In a boiler the combination of a shell that comprises a frusto-conical section and 'an'arc-shapesection, a mud frame that 1s approximately U-shape and extends along the are extremities of the-arc sha-pe section a curve at its front end between the side ex trenities of said shell section, anda shell section thatis circularin crosssection and s secured to the arc 'Shape shell section and said `mud frame.

34. In aboiler the combination of a'sub-l stantially arc shape fire box shell, 'a Hue sheet in its forward end, a substantially arc shape shell extending. over andl at each'side of thelire box shell, a nl udframeextending between the shells at the-bottom of the sides of the outer shell an'd extending across under the line sheet of. the fire box, acylin- -drical shell forming the front portion of the lboiler shell, 'and of less. diameter than the shell extending about. the fire box, a flue sheet secured in said cylindrical shell, a frusto-conical shell secured at its small end to said cylindrical shell and at its largeend -to the arc shape'tire box inclosingshell, said large end extending over and at each side of the ire'box :and to the ymud frame, the

-lower side of 'said frusto-conicalshell being carriedy downward and rearward from said cylindricalshell and connected with said CHARLE'S 'W. CROVVELL.` Witnesses:

PERRY B. TURPIN',

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