US1113550A - Photoprinting apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

H. E. GOLDBERG. PHOTOPHINTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.22,1912.

1,113,550. Patented 0ct.13,1914.

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PHOTOPRINTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FLED JAN.22,1912.

1,113,550. Patented 0111.111914.

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PHOTOPRINTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.22, 1912.

1, 1 1 3,550. Patented 001.13, 1914,

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PHOTOPRINTIN G APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 13, 1914.

Application filed January 22, 1912. Serial No. 672,560.

To all yi12/omit may concern.'

Be it known that I, HYMAN ELI GOLDBERG,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful,Improvement in Photoprinting Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

It is well known by those familiar with the art of printing in general that photographic printing, for instance photolithography, has many advantages over other processes-stereotyping for examplebut that for several' reasons it has never been' used in general newspaper work at least for printing ordinary letter press matter, stereotyping being the method usually employed for the larger dailies. There have heretofore been no means known by which photographic printing could be used in general newspaper work, especially for the printing of written articles.

In order that the quality and scope of my invention may be more readily understood it may be of'advantage to briefly indicate the resent state of the art of photo-- litho rap y and some of the reasons why it coul not heretofore be applied to newspaper work: In ordinary photolithographic work the drawing, design or printed matter is drawn or printed upon translucent material of some kind, usually thin paper. This piece of paper, which will be referred to as the copy is in ordinary commercial photolithography pasted upon a stick-up sheet also of some translucent material. A number of these copy slips or sheets are usually pasted upon the stickup sheet in order to economize time in handling the sensitized plate. The stick-up sheet is then pressed closely against the face of the sensitized plate and light is caused to pass through the stick-up sheet and co y to act upon the sensitized surface of tlie plate. This method serves well enough in oommercial photolithography where the time factor is not of vital importance but it is quite impractical for the composing room of modern metropolitan dailies where the time factor is of the utmost importance. The handling of the thin copy sheet and the time required to adjust and paste them on the stick-'up sheet would be prohibitive,l especially as it is the custom with the larger newspapers to divide anarticle or story of any considerable length into a number of sections and these are handed to a number of linotype o-r monotype operators who work on the sections simultaneously and thereby get the articles set up in a very short time. It is evident that there would not be time to prepare stick-up sheets of the size of a newspaper page when the copy sheets are so small and numerous. Furthermore, there would be an added difficulty in newspaper work for the following reasons: In photolithography as ordinarily practised the copy sheets are cut to a size considerably larger than the area occupied by the actual printed design to afford marginal space for receiving the paste to hold thepcopy sheet to the stick up sheet. The paste is usually applied in dabs near the corners of the copy sheet, these dabs not being applied within the area occupied by the printed matter for they would lnterfere with the passage of light and produce imperfect results. In newspa er work, however, the columns come so close y together that there is no room for these marginal pasting areas on the copy sheets.

Another consideration is this; In the larger metropolitan dailies which print several editions, it is customaryin the later editions to cut down the space allotted to the stories appearing in the earlier editions. This isusually done by'omitting parts of the story, for instance, by omitting or pulling paragraphs. With ordinary photolithographie processes where the copy sheets are pasted upon the stick up sheets it would be impossible or at least impractical to thus pull portions of the story, for it would require unpasting of certain portions. My apparatus lends itself particularly to these conditions, for any number of type units may be abstracted from, the set up that is the filled tray or galley or chase and the spaces filled by merely sliding the type units up close together to'lill the gap.

With the above consideration in mind, the general object of my invention is to provide means whereby the photoprinting process may be practically applied to newspaper work and similar printing, where the conservation of time and location of the copy sheets are of controlling importance.

More especially, the object of my invention is to provide a type (by which I mean to include a sin le letter or a line of letters or a plurality o lines of letters or a drawing or design as far as the same may be considered a single unit) having an opaque face and a transparent or translucent body, the whole constituting a type unit and this type unit having substantial thickness whereby it may serve asa gage or locator for the adjacent type units.

Another object of the invention is to provide apparatus adapted to hold a set up of these type units in contact with the face of the sensitized plate, the apparatus being also provided with means for4 assing light rays through the set up to t e sensitized plate.

Other objects of the invention relate to details of construction which will be hereinafter more specifically described.

I obtain my object b'y the type and apparatus illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a characteristic single letter type unit. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a type unit bearing a design or drawing. Fig. 3 is a type unit bearing a complete line. Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional View of a type frame forming a part of my invention, the type being shown in position therein. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the tray which forms part of the frame or holder. Fig. 6 is a sectional detail of a tray having fixed marginal lines. Fig. 7 is 4a sectional detail similar to Fig. 6, but showing a tray in which the marginal lines or partitions are removable. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a marginal line adapted for use in the form of tray shown in Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a sectional detail showing another form of modification in the form of tray. Fig. 10 is a fragmentary view showing a portion of a tray having stops of a modified form. Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a multiple line type unit having transverse scoring or rows of perforations to facilitate the breaking up of the unit for the purpose of removing or inserting lines. Fig. 12 is a fragmentary top view of a multiple line unit having notches at the edges for gaging the unit for a cutter for the purpose of separating the unit into different parts between the lines for the purpose just mentioned in connection with Fig. 11. Fig. 13 is a sectional view showing the thickness of a multiple line type unit showing transverse grooves to facilitate the separating of the unit between the lines as described in connection with Figs. 11 and 12.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

Referring first to the form of type unit shown in Fig. 1, the type body 1 consists of a block of transparent or translucent material, for example, glass, Celluloid, et cetera. On top of this is a copy sheet 2 having printed, drawn or otherwise portrayed thereon the type face 3. This type face is opaque and consists, for example, of printers ink, drawing ink, bronze or the like. The copy sheet consists usually of thin paper or other substance which will form a background for the type face and at the same time permit light to pass through it. rIhe type body is of substantial thickness, the actual dimension depending upon the circumstances andthe conditions of material and use, but in any event the thickness is great enough to enable the type unit to hold its shape, to permit it to be rhandled without damage, and to enable it to maintain its position laterally and also act as a gage or locator for adjacent type units. In other words, the type unit as a whole is thick and strong enough to prevent lateral movements of itself and adjacent type units by mere contact of its edges with surrounding type units or other objects.

The type unit shown in Fig. 2 is similar in all respects to that shown in Fig. 1, the only difference being that.the type face is in the form of a drawing or design. Fig. 3 is also similar except that the type face consists of a whole line of type. The type units shown in Figs. 11, 12 and 13 are multiple line units adapted to be separated between the lines for the insertion or removal of one or more lines. The multiple line units will behereinafter again referred to.

The precise method of manufacture of the type units is immateriah Under ordinary circumstances the type faces will be printed upon the copy sheets 2 and the latter will be secured by paste, fusion or otherwise to the type body. The type body is then cut to size or, if preferred, the type body may be previously cut to size and the copy sheet secured thereto in proper position. The type units when completed are rectangular in outline and for ordinary newspaper printing have a width e( ual to that Aof a column or multiples thereof.

I will now describe suitable apparatus for utilizing my type units in the photoprinting process: Referring rst more particularly to Figs. 4 and 5, the rectangular stationary frame 10 is supported upon suitable legs 11. ',lhis frame 1s open at the center and supports at .the edges a transparent plate 12. Upon this rests a tray 13 which is also transparent. In the lform shown in Fig. 5 this tray has a number of arallel guides or partitions 14 located at a istance apart equal to the width of the column of the newspaper or book to be printed. These partitions may be a permanent part of the. frame, as shown at Fig. 6, or may be removably secured by dowel pins, as shown at 14", Figs. 7 and 8. Their sides may be vertical, as shown in Figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8, or tapered as shown at 14, Fig. 9. In the latter case the type bodies 1 will have correspondingly tapered sides. The partitions may be non printing, as shown at 14 and 14", Figs. 6 and 7, or printing, as shown at 14d and 14e, Figs. 6 and 7 respectively. In the latter case the top of the partition will rise flush with the surface of the type unit so as to contact with the sensitized plate hereinafter mentioned and carries an opaque line on the top to thereby produce a line upon the plate which will print when the latter is finished. These. partitions are of a width equal to the width between the proximate edges of two adjacent printed columns of the newspaper and the opaque line on the top is of a width equal to the width of the line to be printed between the columns on the final printed page,and the printing partitions are beveled at the top so that the line produced will be as narrow as the ordinary column lines or marginal lines of a newspaper.

In use, the type units rest face upward upon the tray, as shown in Figs. 4, 6, 7 and 9. Next above the tray and type units is placed the sensitized plate 30 with the sensitive surface downward. Above this is a f backing 15, upon which rests a cover 16.

Said cover is preferably composed of wood and closely fits within the frame. Exhaust pipes 17, 18, 19 lead from the frame 10 to a] header 20 which is connected to the receiver of an air pump (not shown) or other means for exhausting the air from between tray 13 and the plate 30 and thereby producing the desired closecontact between the type faces and the sensitized surface of the plate. Lamps 21, preferably of the Cooper- Hewitt variety, now commonly used in photolithography, are mounted in the frame beneath the transparent bottom plate 12. Beneath these lamps is a mirror 22 for reflecting and diffusing the rays from the lamps.

In operation, after the type units are finished (and in newspaper work they are usually of the width of a column) they are placed face upward in the tray 13, where they hold themselves in position by means of each other and the partitions of the tray. The sensitized plate` and cover 16 vare then adjusted, whereupon the air is exhausted to produce close contact, after which the light is turned on and the operator proceeds as in the ordinary photolithogra'phing process.

I have already suggested that by the term type unit I do not confine myself to a single line of type for a number of lines may 'occur upon the same `type body; in fact, my invention contemplates using one or more paragraphs upon a 'single type body, the essential idea being not the number of lines but the' idea of forming the copy upon self holding blocks of transparent or translucent material which may be readily handled, the blocks having sufficient substance to hold their shape.

It is Within the purview of this invention that the type body when formed of a height more than a. single line be formed between the lines, as shown at 26, Fig. 11, so that the unit may be broken up into a plurality of units by mere tearing or breaking.' This renders it possible to remove or replace anyv number of lines without destroying the lines which it is desired to retain. Instead of perforating, the multiple line units may be notched, as shown at 27, Fig. 12. These notches being located between the lines serve to locate the knife or cutter. Other methods of facilitating parting of the multiple line units may be employed, for example transverse grooves 28, shown in Fig. 13. These may be used either for weakening the type unit to thereby control the line of fracture, or it may serve to receive a gage upon an ordinary cutting machine.

It is not essential that the type body consist of glass, Celluloid or the compounds analogous to Celluloid for under certain conditions a light-transmitting variet of bristol board may be used, especially 1f treated with oil or some substance to enhance its light transmitting quality.

I have described the vertical partitions or stops for columnar printing. Other -forms of stops may be employed, for example, the pegs or knobs 25 shown in Fig. 10. These may be either removable or integral with the tray, and are especially adapted for book printing for ythey serve to locate the type units which-produce the different pages.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new anddesire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In combination, type units having a transparent `body and an opaque face, the type bodyk being of substantial thickness, and a transparent tray having transparent stops thereon for holding the type units in position.

2. In combination, type units having a transparent body and an opaque face, the type body being rectangular in outline and of substantial thickness, and a transparent tray having a partition adapted to hold the type units in position laterally.

3. In combination, type units having a transparent body and an opaque face, the type body being of substantial thickness whereby one type unit may hold itself and other type units by mere edge-contact, a transparent tray for said type unit and transparent partitions in said tray for holding said type units in columns.

4. In a photoprinting outfit the combination of type units having a transparent body and an opaque type face, the type body being rectangular in outline and of substantial thickness, a rectangular transparent tray for holding said type units and a removable partition for dividing said type units into parallel columns.

5. photoprinting outfit the combinaytion oliggtype units having a. transparent body andan opaque type face, the type body being rectangular in outline and of substan- 5 tial thickness, a rectangular transparent tray for holding said type units and a transparent stop on said tray for holding the type units in position upon the tray, said stops having opaque ortions coming flush with 10 said type face or protecting the sensitized 15 rectangular in outline and ofV substantial thickness, a. transparent tray for holding said type unit and a partition for holding said type units in columns, said partition having thereon an opaque line which comes flush with the type faces whereby both the type faces and the partition protect the sensitized plate from light action.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name in thepresence,- of two witnesses.

HYMAN ELI GQLDBERG.

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