US1195666A - Thomas h - Google Patents

Description

T.. H. FERGUSON.

mL AND DRAFT REGULATING DEvscE.

MPUCATION HLED SEPT. l5. 1915K Paented Aug. 22, 19H3,

2 SHEETSMSHEET W'IT N E ES:

1. H. reasuon. DIL AND DRAFT HEGULTTNG DEVICE.

APPLICATION. FILED SEPT. T5. 19%5.

1195,666. Panted Aug. ums.

2 SHEETSwSHEET 2.

THOMAS H. FERGUSON, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNI;xA

OIL AND DRAFT REGULATING DEVICE Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 22, 1916.

Application tiled September 15. 1915. Serial No. 50.869.

To all whom t m ay/ concern:

Be it known that I, TnoMAs H. FERGUSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oakland, in the county of Alameda and State of (`alifornia. have invented new and useful Improwements in ()il and Draft Regulating Devices. of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an oil and draft regulating device. particularly adapted for application to boilers and furnaces.

Mv invention is particularly adapted for use in connection with furnaces heated by liquid fuel, in which the fuel is vaporized and fed by steam generated by a boiler.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved and simplified mechanism for automatically regulating the draft of a furnace. the flow of oil through the burner. and

the supply of steam in mrcordance with the variations in pressure of the steam in the, boiler of the furnace. I

Further objects will hereafter appear.

The invention consists of the parts and the.

0,5 construction and combination of parts aS.

will hereinafter be more fully described and claimed. having reference to the accompanying drawings. in which- Figure l is a central vertical section through the oil burner. Fig. 2. is a front view of the boiler and furnace showing the application of the invention` Fig. 3 is a detailed view of the damper control. Fig. 4 is another detailed view of the damper control. Referring in detail to the form of my in- "'vention illustrated herewith. it will be seen that 1 have illustrated a furnacey A. having` a boiler li. beneath which is a lire-boX provided with the usual form of grate bars. 40 lnterposed between the grate bars and the doors or front portion of the lire-box is a. plurality of horizontally disposed dampers such as indicated at il, l. 4. 5 and (i which are pivotally mounted. as at T. in collars 8, formed on the inner ends of shafts which are journaled in bushings 10 sefaircd in the front plate ll ofthe furnace box. Secured on the outer end of each shaft J is a sprocket gear 12, said gears being positioned in alinement with each other. and turned by means of a sprocket chain 13, which is operated as will hereinafter be more fully described.

yThe main portion of the burner proper is positioned exterior of front plate ll of thc 56 furnace box, being suitably secured thereto,

while a burner tip proper projects through ated b v the steam pressure in the chamber is I a diaphragm plate 11'. which is secured to the casing b v a rear plate or cap 1T, which in turn is secured to the casing 14 by means of bolts 1S. rl`he cap 1T is hollowed out to form a chamber 19 on the rear side of the diaphragm plate lt'. Screwed into the front portion of casing 14. or otherwise secured, is a bushing 20. interiorly of which is formed a valve seat 21. and formed exterior-ly of the bushing and intcriorly of an extension 1- formed on casing 14. is an annular chamber '.Z to which oil is admitted from a suitable source of supply. as a pump or similar means not here shown. by means of a pipe 24.

Mounted interiorly' of the bushing 20 and adapted to form a closure for the seat .21 is a cone shaped valve 25. one end of which is provided with an extension Lt which passes through a'nd is .secured to the diaphragm plate 11' b v means of a collar 27 and a nut 2S. The valve :5 is provided with a central passage 29. the outer end of which is threaded to receive a tubular extension 30 on the, outer end of which is secured a cone shaped valve 3l. which is adapted to form a closure for the seat 32 formed in the burner tip 33;

the valvel 31 being provided with a central passage 34 which communicates with the tulmlar extension or pipe 250 and the central passage 29 formed in valve 23. 'l`he steam is admitted to the central passage 2%) from chamber 15 through a plurality of radially disposed ports 35 formed in the extension 26, and oil is admitted to the central pas- .sagey 29 from the annular chamber .23 through an angularly disposed port 3G formed in valve 25. which communicates` with an annular recess il? formed in the face of the valve. and the annular recess in turn receives oil from a plurality of radially dis` posed ports 38 which communicate with the annular chamber 23.

The operation of the burner proper will be as follows: lith the steam admitted to chamber 15 direct from the boiler. through a pipey 39, the pressure will under normal conditions not be sullicient to operate the diaphragm to cause same to move valve 25 into engagement with its seat 21. ln other words, under normal conditions valve 25 will assume an open position and permit the steam lo escape between the valvey and the valve seat into the burner tip. "ith the valve open it will also be seen that oil is permitted to escape through the several ports 2W. The passage ol' steam and oil h v the valve at this point causes a thorough atomiaatiou, and the combustible mixture thus produced escapes through the discharge orifice 4f) of the burner tip directly into the furnace,y where combustion takes place. The moment the steam pressure in the boiler reaches a predetermined fixed point the pressure in chamber 15 will become sufficient to ac tuate diaphragm plate 1U, and cause this to close valve 25 against its seat 21, in this manner either entirely closing ofi' the suppl v of oil and steam that passes between the valve and seat or reducing the space between the valve and seat to such an extent that the volume of oil and steam passing by isso reduced that the fire in the furnace boX will be proportionately reduced, itn this manner permittingr an automatic regulation of the tire. A drop in steam pressure will permit thc diaphragm to proportionately open the valve, and correspondingly or proportionately increase the fire. From the foregoing it will be seen that an increase in pressure beyond a pre-determined point reduces the fire, while a decrease in pressure increases the fire.

1n the operation of a burner of the character described it is found advantageous to automatically regulate the draft or admission of aiso that this will be proportionate to thel fire. This is accomplished in the present instance by the following means: Mounted in asuitable position on the front plate 11 of the fire-box is a diaphragm valve 45, one side of which is connected by a )ipe 4G with the chamber 19 formed in cap 1)?. The opposite side of the dia hragm valve 45 is connected with a rod 4 which in turn is .connected with a lever 48 pivotally mounted,

as at'49, on a bracket 50. The outer end of this rod is attached to the sprocket chain 13, while the opposite end of the sprocket chain is connected with a movable weight 51. Mounted on the pipe line 46 is a valve 52 of suitable construction. A pump is attached to this valve and air is forced through pipe 46 to fill chamber 19 and chamber 53 with air, the pressure of which is determined by the desired boiler pressure. For instance, if it is decided to normally maintain 180 pounds of pressure in the boiler it is necessary to pump suflicient air through valve 52 to produce 180 pound pressure in chambers 19 and 53. It can therefore be seen that the diaphragm plate 16 which is subjected to 180 pound pressure on its rear side will always hold the valve 25 in an open position until the boiler pressure reaches 18() pounds or a little in excess thereof. The steam pressure in chamber 15, when the excessive boiler pressure has been reached, will then overcome the pressure in chamber 15), and consequently cause the diaphragm plate to move the valve Sinto closed or partially closed position. ny movement of the diaphragm plate lti by the tiuctuation of the boiler pressure or pressure in chamber.15 causes, as previously described, an increase or decrease of fire in the furnace box. 1t also causes a fluctuation of pressure in chambers 19 and 53, which Iare connected by pipe 4G, and therefore causes a movement of diaphragm 45. This movement is transmitted through link 47 and lever 48, causing this to swing on pivot 50, and as the sprocket chain 13 is connected to the lever it will be seen that this will move back and forth over the sprocket wheels 12, causing these, with connected shafts 9, to revolve in bushings 10, thereby opening and closing the several damper plates, closing same when the tire is reduced and proportionately opening same when the fire increases. This movement lof the damper plates is transmitted through shafts 9 by means of lugs (S0 formed ou the end of collars 8. These lugs are positioned at different points on the several collars. For instance, a slight movement of the chain in the direction of arrow ai, see Fig. 3', will cause the lu 60 to engage damper plate 4 and move thls into a tilted position. A further movement,Golfl the chain vwill cause similar lugs to engage the damper plates El and 5 and lift these in unison; while a further movement of the chain will cause the lugs adjacent to damper plates 2 and (3 to engage and lift same. From this description it will be seen that with a small fire it is possible that the dampe't plate 4 is only slightly opened. As the fire increases this damper plate 1 will be further opened and damper plates 3 and 5 wiil probably be slightly opened: the open position of all damper plates being assumed lwhen the largest; possible re is obtained. The damper plates are automatically closed as they are pivoted sufliciently off center `to normally move to closed position, and are only open when engaged by the adjacent lugs, it being understood that cach collar S is provided with a A small fire is in this manner maintained at all times.

For the purpose of protecting the diaphragm Yplate 16 against injury means have been provided for limiting the movement of same. This is accomplished by providingr a set screw 65 which enters chamber 19. The inner end of this set screw is'provided with an annular recess 66 into which project a pair of set screws or pins 67, carried by the nut 28. The movement of the diaphragm is in this way positively limited bythe length of the recess 66. For instance, from the previous description it will be remembered that chamber 19 contained air under pressure which approximated 180 pounds, and

this pressure always maintained, whether any pressure in chamber 15.

the'boiler is in operation or not. It can, therefore, be seen that if the boiler was cold, and that the steam pressure was reduced considerably, or in some instances entirely absent no pressure would be maintained in chamber 15. The excessive pressure in chamber 19 would then exert its full force on the diaphragm plate 16 and rupture same, as it would not be counter-balanced by This is, however, prevented in the present instance as the pins 67, will engage shoulder G6 and only permit the diaphragm to move a certain distance. Any injury to the diaphragm is in this manner overcome.

For the purpose of'preventing any leakage of steam by valve Q5 which might `bark into the oil line through ports 38 andthe annular chamber 23, an annular groove 68 has been formed in the face ot' the valve. Any steam having a tendency to leak will in this instance collect inithe annular groove 68, and is permitted tol escape therefrom by a port 69 into the burner tip, thereby preventing admission of steam to the oil line.

Thcfvalve indicated at 31 is provided for two purposes: First, to further break up or atomize the steam and oil` which was primarily mixed when passing b v valve 25. and second. to prevent reduction of pressure in the burner tip as much as possible when a small irc is burning-this being of considerable importance, as too much reduction of pressure in the burner tip has a tendency to permit the oil and steam to condense and settle in the tip before it discharges.

'The device here shown is simple and substantial iniconstruction and may be applied to any form of boiler and furnace-box now in use.

The device maLbe set to suit any pressure desired, the pressure desired being controlled or regulated by the air pressure in chambers 19 and 53, and this pressure is automatically maintained as the fire in'the furnace-box and the air admitted thereto is automatically maintained by the diaphragm valves. l

lHaving thus described my invention, what I claim and desire t secure by Letters Patent is l 1. The combination with a boiler, a furnace and a plurality of damper-s mounted in the/ furnace of a liquid fuel burner, said burner comprising a casing, having a chamber formed therein, a diaphragm valve dividing said chamber into two compartments, a second diaphragm valve,fa pipe connecting one side of said diaphragm valve with one side of the first nameddiaphragm valve, means for charging said pipejwith a fluid under pressure, means for admitting steam direct from the boiler to thecasing -chamber on the other side of the first named diaphragm valve to normally counteract the fludpressure, a burner tip on the casing, a valve mounted in said tip between the chambers in the casing, and the tip, a connection between the first named diaphragm and the valve to open or close the valve, means for admitting oil to the burner. at a point where its How, together with steam from the easing chamber, will be controlled by the valve, and meansv controlled by the seconddiaphragm valve to open and close the dampers on the furnace iniinison with the valve substantially as described.

2. Thecombination with a boiler, of a liquid fue] burner, said burner comprising aI casing having a steam chamber formed therein supplied with steam directly from the boiler, a burner tip connected with one end oi the steam chamber and forming an outlet therefor, a diaphragm valve in the chamber adapted to be actuated by the steam pressure in the chamber, a valve interposed between the burner tip and the chamber directly connected with the diaphragm valve and adapted to open or close communication between the chamber and burner tip, and an oil delivering pipe connected with oil ducts formed inthe casing which are adapted to be opened and closed by the valve.

3. The combination with a boiler. oi'l a liquid 4fuel burner, said burner comprising a casing having a steam(v chamber formed therein supplied with steamdirectly from the boiler, a burner tip ,connected with one end ot' the steam chamber and forming an outlet therefor. a diaphragm valve in the chamber adapted to be actuated by the steam pressure in the chamber, a valve -i'niterposed between kthe burner tip and the chamber directlyl connected with the diaphragm valve and adapted to open or close (-,oiiimlinicatioii between the chamber and burner ti i an oil delivering ii ic connected with oil d'ucts'formed in 'thecasing which arev adapted to be opened and closed by the valve, and means for maintaining a pilot fire when V,the valve, is closed, said means comprising 'a' pair of ducts formed in the valve, one of said ducts forming communi cation between the steam chamber and the Y bur-ner tip, andthe other duct forming communication between one-of the oil ducts and the buriier tip.

4. The combination with a lboiler,a .furnace and -af plurality of. dampers mounted` inthe furnace, of a liquid f uel burner, said burner comprising a casing having a chamber formed therein, .a diaphragm valve 'dividing vsaid chamber into two compartments, 'asegbond diaphragm valve` a connection ,between said diaphragm valves, means for charginglsaid connection with a.- fluid under pressure,

means connected with the second 'diaphragm valve for maintainm said pressure constant, means for 'admitting Vsteam directly A from the boiler to the burner casing chamber n the other side of the first named diaphragm valve to counteract the fluid presfor opening andclosing the dampers on the furnace m unison with'the valve. y.

5. v'1`hect'1mbinati0n with a boiler, of a liquid fuel burner,` .said burnerxcomprising a casing .having al Steam chamber. formed therein, a` diaphragm valve dividing said chamber into twoicompartmentsfa second diaphragm valve, a pipe forming communicat-fron 'between one 'side of'sa'id diaphragm valve and the first diaphragm valve, means foncllarging-said pipe with a [luid under pressure, means for maintaining said pessufe'constaut, means fOradmitting steam directly from the boiler to the burner casing chamber. on the other side of the first named diaphragm valve to counteract the fluid pressure between the I' diaphragm valves, a valve in the burner casing directly connected with the first namedidiaphragm valveseparately controlling the escape of the steam admitted. and oil from another sourceof supply before they are permitted `to combine, and Vmeans for limiting Athe `movement of the first named diaphragm valve. l

6. The combination with a boiler, of a liquid fuel burner, said burner comprising a casing having a steamV chamber formed which connect with the oil chamber and i therein, a diaphragm valve'dii-'iding said chamber into two compartments, a second diaphragm valve, apipe forming communication between one side' 'f said diaphragm valve and the first diaphragm valve, means for charging said pipe .with va fluid `under pressure, means'for maintaining i'said 'pres` sure constant, means for admittmg'stem'n directly-from the boiler to the bui-fuer casing chamberon the. other sideo-the first named diaphragm valve to, counteract the. A. fluid pressure between v'the diaphragmV valves, a valve in the burner casi-'ng'idirectly connected with the `first nan'ied 4diaplira'gm valve controlling the Aescape.offt'he 'steam 8G admitted and oil frouranotherSource of' supply, an adjusting screw passing through the fluid pressure side ofthe'burner casing chamber having an annulargroove formed. in its end,'a platersccued on 'the' fluid pres sure side of thefirst .na-ined diaphragm valve, and members on the plate projecting into the groove to limit theniovemeut of thediaphragm valve.

7. An oil burner comprising a casino' hav! 9G ing a chamber formed thereonadaited to be directly connected to aboiler, a'secondl chamber inthe. casing connected witli a source of oil supply', a burner tip, a. valve seat and opening foi-medio `the casing .bef '9 tween the burner tip and the steam chamber, said casin g also having port-s formed' thereinivliich'connect with the l'QiIchamber and open through the valve seat, a valve onthe. seat adapted to close ofi or' regulate'f't'he es cape of oil -through the ports and simultaneously closeofi `or vlrcgulat-1e .thea-'olivine of steam escaping from the stezin c inher, and means foropening enclosing 'l' l 8. An oil burner comprising a V( ials'rnghav-` ing a chamber formed therehiadaptedA-to. be directlyy vconnected to boiler, 'eco'ni chamber in the casing-.connectedsourceJ of oil supplyfa,burnertip,Q seat and opening formed in the casing bc tween the burner tip andthe steamchambez, said casingr also having. ports formedtherein .which connect ivith the :oil chamber and open through the valve seat,`a valve on' the seat adapted to close oli or regulate the escape of ol through the ports and simultanei ously close ofil or regulate thevolume ,of

steam escaping from -thesteam cliamber,faud

means automatically controlled the steam pressure in the boiler to "enclose-.the 3?@ valve.

9. Anoil burner comprising a casingfhaving a chamberl formed thereinladapted to be directly connected to a boiler,A a second chamber in the casing connected with a source of oil supply, va burner tip, a 'valve scat and opening formed lin the casing between the burner tip andthe steam chamber, said casing also having ports formed therein ice apen through the vulve seat, u valve ou the scat adapted to close off or regulate the escape of oil through the ports and simultaneously close 0H' 01' regulate the volume of steam escupingfroxu the steam chamber, :md u diaphragm vulve in the steam chamber directly connected with the first-named vulve to nuton'mtcaly open or close Same.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my 'hand iu the presence of two subscribing 10 yitnesses Jox/1N H. HEmuNG, Wfmm HALL.

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