US1192901A - Liquid-atomizer. - Google Patents

Description

D. .I. IRISH.

LIQUID ATOIVIIZER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.I7. 1913.

d LM WJ-M MJA from/Em.

Patented 1mg. 1, 1916.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIcE.

DAVID J IRISH, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.. ASSIGNOR TO THE BABCOCK & WILCOX COMPANY, OF BAYONNE, JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

LIQUID-ATOMIZEE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 1, 1916.

Application led December 17, 1913. Serial No. 807,196.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, DAVID J. IRISH, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York city, borough of Richmond, county of Richmond, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Liquid-Atomizers, of which the following is al specification.

My invention relates to atomizers for spraying liquid fuel and more particularly to the tip member thereof, the object being to provide a device by which a given quantity of oil may be burned more etliciently, with less air for combustion and less smoke, than can be realized by the use ofthe stand-I ard designs of mechanical atomizers.

In the accompanying drawings Figures 1, 2, 5 and G are end views, and Figs. 3, 4, 7 and 8 corresponding central sectionsshowing various forms or embodiment-s of the invention.

In all of the embodiments shown the end of the tip is hollowed out to provide a rela.

tively large chamber at the base of which, and centrally thereof, is a discharge orice 1, said orifice being at the apex of a coneshaped cavity 2 into which the oil to b e sprayed is delivered by any suitable means such for example, as that shown in United States Patents 1,007,793, 1,007,794, 1,007,795. While I5 have described the end of the tip as hollowed out, the large chamber in the end thereof may also be described as being formed by an extension of the wall of the tip beyond the plane of the discharge orifice in the Vstandard forms of mechanical atomizers.

The chamber above referred to may assume various'forms. In Figs. 1 and 3 it is substantially semi-circular in section. In Figs. 2 and 4 the body 3 of the chamber is of greater width than in Fig. 3 and the upper part is contracted slightly, forming a mouth with a rounded edge. In Figs. 5 and 7 the lower part 4: is in the form of a frustum of a cone with its narrow end substantially coincident with the plane of the discharge orifice, and the upper part 5 dishshaped. In Figs. 6 and 8 the chamber 6 is cylindrical. In all of these forms the side wall' of the tip is extended to such distance beyond the transverse plane of the discharge orifice that the open end or mouth of the chamber is of such diameter that the outside causes an intlowof air over the e and spray is indicated by the broken lines in Figs. 3, et, 7 and 8 and, as shown, the diameter of the cone as it emerges from the mouth of the chamber is slightly less than the internal diameter of the chamber at that point, so that a space is left between the surface of the extending Aoil cone from the discharge orifice 1 to the point of closest proximity to the mouth of the chamber.

In operation, the oil emerging from the discharge orifice under high pressure creates a partial vacuu'm in the tip chamber outside the wall of oil spray, the formation of such vacuum being assisted by the rush of air around the outside of the tip, the air for combustion being supplied by natural orv forced draft. l The oil being thus'sprayed mto a space in which the airis below atmospheric pressure, the atomization of the oil is increased thereby allowing a more intimate mixturek of the air with the oil at a point closer to the discharge orifice than has u been possible heretofore. Also the creation of a partial vacuum within the tig chamber n ge of the tip, whlch air penetrates the hollow oil cone and in so doing carries with it some of the atomized oil, thereby making a solid cone of atomized oil at the very start or veryclose to the apex of the cone.v One effect of the present invention is, therefore, to fill the g hollow cone of oil spray with more finely atomizcd oil than is now effected mechanically by centrifugal action only; and at the same time air is supplied for combustion which starts the combustion practically at the discharge orifice.

It has been observed in the o eration of the described atomizer that the iameter of the cone of oil spray at the point ofexit from the mouth of the tip` chamber is greater, as indicated by the broken lines,

than at the same point in the cone formed by a standard mechanical atomizer supplying the same 'quantity of oil per hour. This seems to indicate that the oil particles on the outside of the cone were being further torn apart by the partial vacuum withinthe tip chamber, and at the same time being aided by the expansion of air and oil vapor in the interior of the cone due to the heat of combustion.

What l claim and desireto secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. An atomizing tip for liquid fuel burners having a jet or discharge orifice through which a' stream of oil is continuously forced, said orifice opening into a chamber closed to the .atmosphere except at itsl mouth, the outer edge of the wall of said chamber being so positioned that the wall of the cone of atomized oil will just clear said nozzle to form an annular pocket for air between the walls of the chamber and the cone of atomized oil; substantially as described.

2. A separable atomizing tip for liquid fuel burners' having a discharge orifice through which a stream of the fuel is forced and atomized so as to form a jet which diverges directly upon leaving the orice, said orifice opening into a chamber closed to the atmosphere except at itsmouth, the outer edge of the wall of said chamber being so positioned that it will come nearer the out-` side of the diverging Ajetthan some other parts of they wall of said chamber, thereby forming a pocket for air between the wall of the chamber and the diverging jet of i atomized fuel.

lthrough which a stream of the fuel is forced and atomized so as to form a jet which diverges directly on leaving the orifice, said orifice being inv the base of a chamber, the sectional area of said chamber between the discharge `orifice and the 4mouth being greater than the sectional area of the mouth.

ln testimony whereof 'I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' .ARTHUR N. Lowes,

EDWARD A. BANNON.

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