US1186875A - Aircraft. - Google Patents

Description

A. G. BARTON.

AIRCRAFT.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-27. 1914.

Patented June 13, 1916.

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A. G. BARTON.

AIRCRAFT.

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1,186,875. Patented June 13, 1916.

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AIRCRAFT.

APPLICATION FILED 1AN.27, 1914.

1 1 86,875 Patented June 13, 1916.

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nism and other details of construction.

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'the frames are relation to each ALBEitT e. BARTON, or GALENA, KANSAS.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 13, 1916.

, Application filed January 27, 1914. Serial No. 814,766.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that .I, ALBERT G. BARTON a citizen of the United States, residing at Galena, in the county of Cherokee and State of Kansas, have invented new and useful Improvements in Aircraft, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to aerial craft, the object of the invention being to provide a special construction of body or fuselage, combined with a novel arrangement of propeller and steering mechanism, the steering being efi'ected exclusively with the use of propellers and" without the aid of the usual steering planes such as horizontal and vertical rudders and lateral balancing ailerons.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in the construction, combination and arrangement of parts, as will hereinafter be more fully described, illustrated and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through the body or fuselage of this invention, illustrating the propeller and steering mecha- Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the upper portion of the same. Fig. 3 is a front elevation thereof. Fig. 4 is a rear elevation of the body. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of the forward stem or bow frame. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the complete machine showing the sheathing of the body or fuselage. Fig. 7 is a detail elevation of the propeller mechanism including the power plant. Fig. 8 is a similar view of the steermechanism. The structure of the body or fuselage of the machine comprises a number of up rights 1 arranged at opposite sides of the machine and in pairs and connected at the top'and bottom by top cross bars 2 and bottom cross bars 3 respectively. As the frame approaches the forward end or how, the rectangular frames formed by the bars 1, 2. and 3 gradually diminish in size and all of connected together in rigid other by top rails 1 and bottom rails 5 thus imparting a pointed shape to the structure as a whole so that when sheathed in with sheet aluminum indicated at 6 in Fig. 6, a somewhat stream line effect is given to the body or fuselage which as shown in said figure is provided with windows 7 and a door 8 at each side so that ception the car may be entered and vacated from either side thereof. i I

In addition to the uprights and cross bars 1, 2 and 3 above referred to, longitudinal bars or stringers 9 may be employed at suitable intervals as indicated in Fig. 1 and diagonal guy wires or stays 10 of solid wire or twisted cable may be employed to effectively brace the entire structure and render the same strong and rigid while comparatively light. in weight.

11 designates the bottom of the car which is raised slightly above the level of the bottom rails 5 so as to leave a space or compartment 12 beneath the floor for thereof the main driving shaft and the parts closely related thereto, to be hereinafter particularly described.

13 designates the main shaft of the propelling mechanism which extends in a fore and aft direction beneath the floor 11, said shaft being journaled in suitable bearings beneath the floor and provided with a plurality of bevel gear wheels 14 thereon which mesh with other bevel gear wheels 15 on 1 the lower ends of vertical shafts 16. These shafts extend upwardly through the center of the car and are provided at their upper ends with lifting propellers 17 which sweep in a horizontal plane. 18 designates another propeller arranged between the propellers 17 and at a slightly different elevation, the propeller 18 being mounted upon an individual vertical shaft 19 having fast thereon a bevel gear wheel 20 which meshes with another bevel gear wheel 21 on a short horizontal shaft 22 driven by bevel gear wheels 23 and 24 from one of the shafts 15. It may be stated here that the number of horizontal or lifting propellers may be increased or diminished without departing from the principle of this invention.

The shaft 13 is ordinarily driven by means of a main service gas engine 25 which is shown as connected to the shaft 13 by a sprocket chain 26 which passes around a sprocket wheel 27 on the shaft of the engine and around another sprocket wheel 28 on the shaft 13. At its forward end the shaft 13 is geared to an elevated shaft 29 which drives through bevel gears 30 a short transverse shaft 31 mounted in bearings and connected by'bevel gearing to a forward propeller shaft 35 on the end of which is fastened a tractor screw or propeller 36.

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screw or propeller 36 may be varied so as to cause said propeller to direct the machine upwardly or downwardly as desired. At its rear end the shaft 13 is connected by bevel gears 32 to an upright shaft 33 in turn connected by bevel gears 34 to the rear propeller shaft 58 for imparting rotary motion to the latter.

Mounted to turn on the shaft 42 is a second hand wheel 44 fast on a sleeve 45 turning on the shaft 42, said sleeve carrying a bevel gear wheel 46 which meshes with a bevel gear wheel 47 on one end of a short shaft 48 connected by bevel gears 49 and 50 to a shaft 51 extending to the rear of the body or fuselage where it is connected by gear wheels 52 and 53 to a short transverse shaft 54 which is geared toa sector 55 on.a tilting frame 56 in which is journaled the rear propeller shaft 58 carrying the pushing or driving screw or propeller 59, the rocking frame 56 being arranged to turn on a vertical axis so that the propeller shaft 58 maybe swung to one side or the other for steering the. machine to the right or left.

In order to admit of the up and down movement of the forward propeller shaft 35, the stem section of the frame is formed as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 5, said stem embodying the two parallel side members 60 spaced apart to guide way 61 which permits said shaft to be swung upwardly and downwardly for the purpose stated. In like manner the body or fuselage is provided at the rear with a horizontally extendingguide way for the propeller shaft 58 to enable said shaft to be swung laterally to one side or the other for the purpose also stated above.

The opposite side walls of the body or fuselage are parallel to each other for a portion of their length but gradually converge toward the front as shown in the plan view Fig. 2, and they also have a slight convergence toward the rear as shown in the same figure. While the opposite sides are fiat, the top wall or roof of the structure is arched as illustrated, for example, in Fig.

leave an interveningv 4, the said roof being arched or given a crown by springing arches or bows 63 which are terminally connected to the top rails 4 and which are maintained as to their proper curvature by centrally arranged struts 64 which extend between the centers of the bows 63 and the top cross bars 2 of the frames of the body. This top or roof will also be sheathed in with sheets of aluminum or like material the same as the sides 6 as illustrated in Fig. 6. i

In addition to the main service engine 25 I .provide an emergency or auxiliary engine 65 located adjacent to the rear of the machine and geared to a shaft 66 which may be thrown into and out of engagement with the main shaft 13 by means of a clutch 67. A clutch 68 may also be used for throwing the main service engine 25 into and out of engagement with the shaft 13 so that either one of said engines may be used for driving the propellers of the machine in case the other engine should fail. If desired, a single clutch lever 69 may be employed for simultaneously throwing out one of the clutches and throwing in the other clutch in the act of disconnecting one engine from the shaft and connecting up the other engine therewith.

What I claim is In air craft, a fully sheathed stream-line body the sides of which converge in curved lines toward the bow and merge into a U- shaped stem disposed in a vertical plane, the rear portions of the sides converging in curves of smaller radius to and producing a substantially semi-circular rear. end, a

bottom comprislng a substantially flat rear portion and an upwar'dly curving forward aerofoil surface progressively decreasing in width toward said stem, a top surface which is arched longitudinally and transversely and made gradually decreasing in width as it approaches said stem, a tractor propeller, a pushing propeller, and a series of lifting propellers operating about said top surface, one of said lifting propellers overhanging the downwardly sloping forward portion of the top surface, and another lifting propeller overhanging the downwardly sloping rear portion of the top surface, and all of said propellers overhanging the downwardly curved lateral portions of said top surface.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALBERT G. BARTON.

Witnesses:

C ARLES F. HANSON, J 01in A. NEWCOMER.

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