US1184009A - Metal-shaping device. - Google Patents

Description

A. F. OLEAHY.

METAL vSHAPINGDEVICE.

APPLlcATloN FILED 1AN.28.1916.

Patented May 28, 1916.'

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

` residing at Berwick, Pennsylvania,

,vented certain new ments 1n Metal-Shaping Devices,

f consequence of the art1cle.

present a serious problem in the formation UNITED sfrA'rEs PATENT oEEIcEj.

ARTHURA E. oLEAEY, or BEEWICK, PENNSYLVANIA, AssIeNoE To AMERICAN CAR v AND FOUNDRY COMPANY, F ST. LOUIS,

y JERSEY.

To all 'whom t may concern:

[Be it known that I, ARTHUR F. OLEARY,

and being a citizenof the United States, have inand 'useful Improveof which the following is a full, clear, `and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art and to use the same, reference being had to the accompanying trate the `preferred form of the invention, though it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the exact details of construction shown and described, as it is obvious that various modifications thereof will occur to persons skilled in the art.

In said drawings: Figure 1 is a vertical centralsection of the improved metal pressing machine, showing a tank head partly formed and locked in position. Fig. Q' is a similar view illustrating the parts in the position wherein the `tankheadA is com pletelyf formed. Fig is a composite view .the upper portion being an inverted half plan of the `male die,` and the lower portion l being -a half plan View of the female dieg' and Fig. 4 is ak side elevationalview of the male die showing the gags 1n operative posiv tions. l

Among other types of sheet metal-forming work is that in which a flat circular disk is given an outer convexity and its circumferential border is converted into an annular flange deflected from the original plane of -the disk. The deflection of the circumferential border may, if desired, be sufficient to produce a flange which forms a short cylindrical portion adapted to `be slid over or into another-cylinder. The tank head l or tank dome head of a tank car is an example of this kind, of work, requiringa so carefully .formed perimetrical flange that when the head is slipped over an associated shell a fluid-tight joint may be made between them. This is in marked distinction to small-sized flanged articles in which the flange may contain wrinkles, negligible in small dimensions of the Such large articles as tank heads Specification of Letters Patent.

to which it appertains to make` drawings, which illus-l 'the time of assembling.

IvIIssoUEI, A CORPORATION 0E NEW METAL-SHAPING DEVICE.

Patented May 23, i916.

.appa-canoa aiedaanuary 2s, 1916. serial No. 74,795.

of their flanges due to the excessive buckling of the metal in the flange and contiguous portions.

This invention relates to devices forproducing such products from a plane di'skvof any suitable material. Machines embodying it are characterized by their ability to first form an, outer annular portion of the disk which mayv include such )a flange as has .been referred to, this portion being that in which the greatest amount of buckling of the material would, in ,old practicetake place. It has been found that, by shaping and holding this outer annular lportion first, and fashioning the central portion of the disk inclosed thereby afterward, there is such a control of the material of the piece being formed that wrinkling thereof, and especially in its flange portion, is eliminated. The finished pressing is consequently ready forv immediate assembly with an intended associate part without further treatment, in so far as the fit is concerned.

The construction is novel,l as is the control and operation of the parts as will become evident from what follows.

Referring specifically to the drawings, A represents the lower stationary table upon which is mounted a female die comprising a base section 1, having an annular and arcuate die portion 2, a central movable'female die section 3 and a supplementary female die section 4. Said base portion l is firmly secured to the table A by service clamps B which project through apertures in the outer wall yof said base section. Supplementary female die section 4 isv seated in the female die cavity and has a taper fit with the upper portion of the outer wall of the base section l. thereby being automatically centered at place by tap bolts 5 and contains positioning 6 projecting from its upper pins The central movable female die sectionB is in the form of an inverted cone frustum and the inner annularwall-of the base section l is conformed to it. Therefore central die section l3 is self-centering when itmoves into the central cavity of base section l.

The upper surface of the central female die section '3 is concave and has the same surface.v

It is also locked in Y curvature as the annular arcuate portion of the base female die section Said arcuate portion and the concave portion of the central female die member 3 complement each other and form a continuous die surface during pressing operations.

Attached to the upper movable table C is a male die member comprising a central inverted frusto-conical male die 14 integral with which and surrounding the upper portion of which is a ram annulus 7 provided with an upper ange `8bearing against the under side of table C. Other service clamps B eng-age ange 8 and hold the entire upper male member in place. The ram annulus 7 is provided with an upwardly opening channel 9 and is perforated at 10 forjthe passage of bolts 11. The lower ends of said bolts depend materially below the ram annulus 7 and in thev form illustrated are screwed in' pairs into flanges 12 of outer male die seg- V ments 13 which are annularly disposed around thel central frusto'conical maleV diey 14. The heads of bolts 11 areadapted to act as fulcrums for the shanksof said bolts andthe male die segments 13 into which they are screwed, said malesegments being capable of a' certain degree of oscillation. As bolts 11 enter outer male diesegments `13 at points nearer the inner faces of the male die segments ,than the centersrof'gravities thereof, the male die4 segments tend to swing inwardly toward the centrall male die 14 whenever the male die member, as a whole, is retreating from the female die.` Thus a ready separation o f the male and'feniale die Vmembers is accomplished. l y

VEach male die segment 13 is connected to the central male die member 14 by a headed tie bolt or rod 15, the metal of the' upright walls of the central male die 14'afnd outer maledie segments 13 being`cut away or` cored out at V16 and 17 ,.resp'ectively, vto permit of 'the swinging of tie bolts 1 5 when there is relative movement between the cen-V tral male die member 14 and the outer male die segments 13.

Disposed about the outer vertical face of the ram annulus 7 ofthe male die member are gag brackets 18, each lof which has been shown to contain a pair of T or other shaped slots 19.. A gag 20 having an upper portionfshaped to fit a slot 19 slidablv mounted in each-of said slots, and is providedwitha suitable operating handle. In

the drawings, two gags 2() have been shown as adapted to coperate with the flanges 1'2 of each outer male die segment 13, but it is to be understoodthat a singleor any number of gags may so coperate with a single male segment. 13 and a single gag bracket or one adapted to retain more thantwo gagsl may be employed according to the particular design elected for the device. lVhcn the gags are arranged as shown in the draw- 1ings their inner .ends may be slotted. as atV 21, to accommodatethe bolts 11 which eii-y tend into the outer male die segments 13.: Q

The operation of the device is Vaslfollows:

With the maleI die member positioned any convenientand suitable distance above the female die member, as shown in dot andfdaslivv` lines in Fig. 1, afcold circular disk Emay be slid on to the upper facecf'y the :supple1 mental-y female die member 4 without par; v ticular care, it becomingv accurately positioned as it d rops between positioninglpins v '6. Gags 20` are vpushed inwardly' to tliepositions shown inFig. 1, vwhere `each lies beneath the under surface of ramy annu-lus 7' andv above the upper surface -of an.,outerl male die segment 13. `Tie rods lfprevent` an outward swinging of saidinale die seg-g mentsl3 and the operator may actuate`Y means, well known in the art, whereby ram D drives downwardly the upper table C and the male die member, asa whole, connected therewith.

Because of tlie'interposition of gags 2O i i between the ram annulus 7 of the upper male die and the outer male segments 13, the lat' ter project below the bottom curved'surface of the central frusto-conical'maledie memfv .i

ber 14, vand theunder curved faces yofthe outer male ldie segment`s13 first engagethe upper surface of the disk E forcing the lat-1 l" ter downwardlyinto the female die `until the outer annular border of'the disk E is Y principally l.confined between thev under curved surfaces -of the outer male die segments -13 andthe upper arcuate surface 2- p During the transference ofthe disk E from its original f ofthe femalebase section 1.

upper position to thatshown in Fig. 1, the

more nearly circumferential bordeivof'disk E becomes upturned and shaped by the inner and outer faces of the supplementary female.

die ymember 4 and outer male die segments 13', respectively, l

A Hange forming a relatively lshort cylinlil der is therefore created Vabout the perimeter of tlie 'disk' Ef and a portionv'ofthe spherical segment that the rest of the diskl is to conform to is fashioned by the underand upper curved surfaces of said outer maledie seg-y ments 13 vand 4.of the arcuate annularfemale l. dieportion Qiof the base section'l. Up to' this point the circular central disk portion surrounded `by the outermale's'egments has been unchanged, except for such tension as it has been placed under. The operator then causes the ram D to act to 'slightly raise. i

the' table C and the entire male die member `whereby the gags 20 are relieved of any friction due tothe compression of .the `male outwardly/.by the manipulation of the 'han die' member parts,4 and" said gags are slid e dles to occupy the positionsshown in 1Q; f

Thereafterthe operator again' causesl the rani D to Idescend andthcfull pressure of the actuating means being upon said ram, the central inverted frusto-conical male die member previously held from contact with the disk E- is carried down to the position depicted in Fig. 2. Upon the second down stroke of the entire upper male die member, the outer male die segments 13, now freed from rigid relation with the central frustoconical male die member 14, resume their former relation to the arcuate die annulus 2 of base section 1 and the previously formed portion of the disk EQlocking said disk portion in fixed position, while the central frusto-conical male die member engages and -shapes the hitherto uiiformed central portion of disk E. The inner faces of said outer male die segments are inclined to correspond to the inclination of the side walls of the central frusto-conical male die 14, and therefore, as male ldie 14 progresses downwardly it expands the ring of male die segments 13 causing the flanges of the work located between them and the supplementary female die 4 to be pressed perfectly smooth. By proper manipulation, the upper table C is returned to its initial posi.-

tion and the entire upper male die member resumes the position indicated in dot and dash lines in Fig. l. v

Operating other suitable means, also well known in the art, a plunger 22 is caused to move upwardly through the bottom table A, the upper end of said plunger carrying with it the central female die section 3 to a suitable height. Said central female die section is provided with a central hub portion and contains a bore 24 to accommodate the upper end of plunger 22. Said hub 23 is also provided with a counterbore 25 for a purpose to be explained presently. The central movable female die section 3 having arrived at its uppermost position, carrying the now formed tank head or otherv piece of work with it, it remains for the moment in equilibrium. Vorkmen, however, grasp the edges of the finished product to witlidraw the same from the machine and because of the counterbore 25`in the central female die' member 3 the latter automatically tilts and accelerates the discharge of Vthe work from the machine. Excessive tilting is preventedby the wall of the bore 24 which maintains said central female section member 3 in substantially the position indif cated in ldot and dash lines in Fig. 1. After the discharge of the work the operator reverses the movement of plunger 22 and the central female die member 3 descends with it.' As the side of central female die member encounters the edge of the central opening or socket which it normally occupies, it restablishes its horizontal position automatically and due to its friistoconical formation and the corres}`)onding formation of the inner surface of the wall 1. In combination, a female die, a male' die comprising a die annulus and adie member movable independently thereof, means for unifying and separating said die annulus and independently movable die mein-` ber, and means for bringing said male. and female dies together, whereby said female die and die annulus are adapted to shape a border portion of a piece of work to include a perinieti'ical ange and lock the saine in position, said independently movable die member being adapted to subsequently shape the remainder of the work.

2. In combination` a female die` a male die comprising an eXpansible die annulus and a die member independently movable thereof, means for unifying and separating said die annulus and independent die member, and means for relatively positioning said male and femaledies, whereby said female die and die annulus are adapted to shape a border portion of a piece of work to include aperimetrical flange, said independently movable die member being adapted to subsequently shape the work within its previously foimed border portion.

3. In combination, a sectional female die, a male die comprising a. die anniiliis and a central die member, means for unifying and separating said die annulus and central die member and means for positioning said male andfemale dies, whereby a portion of the 'latter and said annulus are adapted to form a border portion of a piece of work and lock it in position, said central die member being adapted to subsequently form the woik within the border portion and a female die section being adapted to eject the finished work.

4. In combination, a female die comprising a plurality of sections one of which is movable, a male die comprising a die annulus and a central` die member, means for unifying and separating said dieannulus and .central die member and means for relatively moving the dies, whereby sections of said female die and die annulus are adapted to shape a border portion of a piece of work, perimetrically flange it and lock it in position, lsaid central die member being adapted to subsequently form the remainder of the work and said movable female die section being adapted to eject Athe finished work.

5. In combination, a male die and female die, the latter being provided with a movable die section, an elevating device therefor, means on said movable die section adapted to cooperate with said elevating device, and

. means for relatively moving said male and female dies. whereby a piece .of work is adapted to be formed, and removed from said female die by the action of said elevating device upon said movable. female die section, the latter being adapted to be tilted under the control of said elevating device and cooperating `means to discharge the work.

G. In combination, a male'die, al female die comprising die sections one section being provided with a socket and another section being movable and adapted to be automatically centered therein, an elevating device for said movable section, cooperating means on said elevatingdevice and movablesec- `tion and means relatively positioningr said male and female dies, whereby a piece of work is adapted to be formed, elevated by said movable section, `the latter being adapted to tilt under the control of said cooperating means to discharge the work, and be returned and automatitilly centered in its socket.

T. la combination, a female die, a male die comprising a central die member, a ram movable therewith and an expansible die.-

anniiliis alined with said ram, and means adapted to be interposed between said ram and annulus for unifying and separating said central die member and die annuliis whereby the latter and said female die are adapted to forni a border portion of a piece of work to include a perimetrical flange and to apply smoothing pressure to said flange, said central die being adapted to subsequently form the work within said border portion and said die annulus being adapted to retreat from the flange after the smoothing operation.

8. In combination, a female die, a male -die comprising a central die member, an

annularly arranged ram and annularly disposed die segments swingingly suspended fi'oin said ram, and means adapted to be iiiter-posed between said ram and die segments for unifying and separating said central die member and die segments, whereby the latter andsaid female die are adapted to form a border portion of a piece of ivorlt` to include a perimetrical-flange and to apply smoothing pressure to saidgflangepsaid central die being adapted to subsequently form the lwork 1 within said border portion and said die segments'being adapted to` swing awa.) from the formed flange by gravity.

, 9. In combination, opposing die members movable toward each other` said members being adapted to form a perimetrical flangeA on a piece of work and to lock said iiangc in a given position, one of said dies having a portion adapted to move independently ot the work-locking portions of said dies toA shape the metal inclosed by said flange.

to act independently to complete the forming of t-lie Work.

11. In a device of the class described, a female die, a male die comprising a series of die members yand another die member common to said series and means for combining said series and common die members to act as an integer only capable of incompletely forming work, said common die member being adapted to complete the yfor-A mation of the work after predetermined actuation of said combining means.

1Q. In a device of the class described, a female die, a male die comprising a group of die members and zin/independently nievable die'member common to said grouped die members and means for combining said grouped and. common die members to act as an integer adapted to incompletely form work, said common die member being adapted to expand said grouped die members and complete the fashioning of the Work after predetermined actuation of said combining 13. In a. device of the class described, a female die, a male die comprising an eX- pansible group of die members and an independently movable die member 'With which said grouped die members are oscillatively connected, and means for combining said male die'members toy act as an integer to incompletely form work, said independently movable die member being adapted to complete the work-shaping after prefemale die, a male die comprising a pluiol 'determined actuation of said coiribiningy rality of die lmembers and controlfmeans therefor adapted to lock part of said male die members in an ineffective position at certain times and render all Vof said male die members effective at other times, said times being within the period of a single 'Work-shaping operation.

` l5. In a deviceof the class described, a female die, a male die comprising a plurality of grouped die members and an independently movable .die member and a ram extension from the latter for actuating the .grouped die members.

16. In a. device of the class described, a female die, a male die comprising an eXpansible group of die members andan inde- 'pendentlymovable die member, and means for rigidly combining and fondisconnecting the latter and saidgrouped die members to cause said independently movable die member to move in unison with' and independently of the grouped die members, said in-` dependently movable die member being adapted to expand said grouped die members within said female die.

17. In a device of the class described, a female die, a male die comprising an eX- pansible group of die members and an independently movable die member from which said grouped die members are swingingly suspended, and means for causing all of said male die members to move in unison at certain times, said independently movable die member being adapted to expand said grouped die members within said female die, the grouped die members being adapted to swing by gravity to work-releasing positions.

ARTHUR F. OLEARY.

Witnesses:

FRED A. HOFFMAN, GEO. F. BRICKMANN.

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