US1171425A - Lock. - Google Patents

Description

L. G.' GIARDINO..

LOCK.

APPLICATION FIL-ED JUNE 22,1915.

Peeeeted Feb.15,1916.

'r1-1E COLUMBIA PLANUGRAPH co., WASHINGTDN, D. C.

LIBORIO Gr. GIARDINO, OE CAMPELLO, MASSACHUSETTS.

l LOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb.15, 1916.

Application led .Tune 22, 1915. Serial No. 35,659.

` characters on the drawing representing like iol parts.

This invention 'relates to improvements in locks and the principal object thereof-'is to provide a doubly secured lock in which one of the'locking members may be operated from' a single key and a second locking member operated from one or more different keys, while both locks may be operated by a single special key.

A further object of the invention is to provide a lock in which the key does not pass through the door member which supports the lock and in which the special key only may be utilized to unlock or lock the door from the opposite side from the one which is ordinarily utilized and which is accessible to two or more persons. The utility of such a lock will be obvious when it is considered that an employer may desire to permit one or more employees to have access to a room or safe but which room or safe the employer desires to be able to lock in such a manner that access Y even to the trusted employees may be barred.

This is accomplished in thepresent invention by a single lock adapted to be embedded in the door, said lock having two bolts or series of bolts adapted to be actuated independently by different keys or simultaneously by a single or master key, the-lock being also provided with a latch adapted to be projected by a spring into the usual position when one or both of the bolts are withdrawn from locking position.

Another feature of the invention is providing means whereby the mechanism which actuates the latch from the door handle will be disengagedfrom the door handle or knob in such a manner that the latch may not be operated when'the door is locked.

Other objects of the invention will more bly is in the form of a cylindrical stud having camjlugs 18, 19 adapted to engage the.

fully appear from the following description and accompanying drawings land will be pointed out in the'annexedclaims.

In the drawings; Figure 1 is a planview of a lock embodying one of the preferred forms of my invention the covering plate having been removed, Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view thereof on lines 2-2 Fig 1, Fig 3 is a detail view showing the key and the recess therefor in the .rotaryV members which actuate the dierent locking mechanisms, Fig. 4 is a detail view of the latch illustrating the manner` in which it is supported by one of the bolts which lock the door so that when the lock is projected into l locking position the latch is removed from operative relation tothe door knob.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention disclosed the frame for vthe lock comprises the usual upper and lower plates l and 2, the lowerplate 1 serving as a base upon which the bolts and the mechanisms for actuating the same are mounted. The

bolts comprise `a main' locking bolt 3 and an auxiliary lockingbolt 4, the main bolt 3 being operable from a single or master key which is adapted simultaneously to un-` lock both bolts and the auxiliary bolt 4 being adapted to be actuated by a plurality of keys differing from the main 'or master key. The main bolt 3 as illustrated herein comprises a rectangular locking member or end provided with a preferably integral rearwardly extending rack 5 the rack being located between two guides 6 and 7. rlhe rack 5 is actuated to thrust the bolt 4 forward to locking position and backward to unlocked position by a gear 8 which is pivotally mounted upon va preferably hollow stem 9 having a slot connecting with a suitable irregular slot 10 which may be engaged by the key. Suitable mechanism is. provided forY retaining the bolt in locked or unlocked position which will hereafter be more fully described;

VThe auxiliary bolt 4 is desirably in the form of a channel shaped member adapted to receive andto provide a guideway for the latch 11. The latch ll is formed with a rigid head having a beveled portion 12 with two parallel members 13-14 eXtending rearwardly therefrom and having at their ends projecting lugs 15, 16 which are engaged by a rotatable latch actuating member`17.v

rlhe latch actuating member 13 preferalugs 15,16 upon the latch member, the member 17 being rotatably mounted in a socket VAin the auxiliary bolt 4. The latch 11 is norlic tion by a spring 21 which is seated at one end against the inner face 22 of the latch head and at the opposite end upon a lug 23 projecting upwardly from the bottom portion of the channel bar and having a forwardly extending cylindrical pin 24 to retain the spring in proper position. A similar guiding pin for the spring 25 may if desired be formed integral with or secured to the head 22.

The actuating member 17 and the latch are normally held in operative position since the spring 21 pressing against the inner face of the latch head 11 normally retains the latch in outwardly projected position so that the lugs 15, 1G at the rear end of the arms 13, le engage the cams 18, 19 upon the latch actuating` member. The end of the latch actuating member 17 may be provided with a gear 26 adapted when the auxiliary bolt is in retracted position as illustrated in Fig. 1 to engage a gear 27 upon the stein 28 of the usual knob.

lt willV be obvious from the construction above described that when the auxiliary bolt .el is in retracted position the turning of the knob will cause, through the gears 27, 26, the rotation of the latch actuating member 17 so that the latch may be withdrawn and the door opened in the usual manner, but that if the auxiliary bolt lis moved forwardly, by mechanism which will now be described, the latch actuating member will be carried forward with the auxiliary bolt so that the gear 28 upon the actuating member will be removed from the gear 27 of the knob thus permitting the knob and its ystein to rotate freely out of operating relation to the latch. lt will thus be obvious that the rotation of the handle cannot be utilized by anyone tampering with the door to aid in unlocking the same. Furthermore if the key is only partially turned so that the auxiliary bolt d would not be thrust fully into the locking recess of the door casing the door could not be opened by turning the knob since the projected latch would engage the casing, thus insuring the secure locking of the door against opening.

The auxiliary locking bolt 4t as before stated is preferably channel shaped in form and the outer side of one of the walls of the channel is provided with a rack 280 which is engaged by a gear 29 of smaller diameter than the gear 8, rotatably mounted upon the sleeve 9 which also serves as a pivot for the gear 8. The gear 29 is provided with an annularly disposed key slot 30 the inner portion of which desirably conforms to that of the slot 10 in the gear 8. The outer end however of the slot 30 projects at a greater distance from the axis and is of any special construction adapted to receive a key which may be duplicated with difficulty. By this construction it will be observed that a master key such as that illustrated in Fig. 3 may be adapted to engage and actuate both of the racks.

ln actuating the lock the cylindrical sleeve 31 of the master key enters both gears 29 and 8. The bit 32 first engages the slot 30 so that as the key is turned it rotates the gear 29 advancing the auxiliary bolt a partially into locking position. When the gear 29 has been rotated one quarter of a revolution the slot 30 comes into registry with the slot 10 so that the key may be thrust farther inwardly so that the portion 32 of the bit will engage the gear 8 and thereafter rotate the gears 29 and 8 in unison until both bolts have been projected into locking position. .lt will be obvious that the main bolt 3 will be advanced more rapidly than the auxiliary bolt by reason of the fact that the gear 8 is of larger diameter than the gear 29 and these gears are so proportioned that when the key has made one half revolution both the main and auxiliary bolts will be thrust outwardly the same distance beyond the edge of the lock casing.

lt will be noted that the bit 32 of the master key is provided with a long extension 33 which engages only the smaller' gear 29 and cannot be thrust into the gear 8. lt therefore follows that another person may be provided with a key having the long extension 32 only by which he may be able to manipulate the auxiliary bolt 4 but cannot aetuate the main bolt 3.

ln order to provide means for securely locking the main boltA 3 in extended or retracted position so that the same may not be withdrawn or actuated without the use of the master key I have provided a system of gearing and locking racks therefor which will positively prevent improper actuation of said main bolt. To this end l have provided a series of gears 3a, 35, 3G, 37, which are entrained with the larger gear which engages the rack 5 of the main bolt, a locking rack 39 meshing with a gear 37 being guided' by a yiel'dable support a() in such a manner that it may be caused to engage also the teeth of the gear 38 when the bolt is thrust into locking position and retain the bolt in such position until released by the action of the master key. The guide 4l() as illustrated herein is pivoted upon a stud 411 and is normally held in gear engaging position by a spring 4t2 which may be in the form of a helical spring seated against a stud 43 extending upwardly from the face plate 1 and at its other end bearing against the end la of lthe guide 10. The opposite end 45 of the guide is engaged by a plunger 46 mounted in suitable guides 47, 48 which plunger is actuated by a cam 49 extending upwardly fronrthe face of the outer gear 8. The cam Lt9 is provided with two faces, 50 and 51. The cam face 50 is so positioned that its end normally remains in engagement with the end of the plunger 46 when the main bolt is retracted. When however the main bolt actuating gear 8 is rotated by the master key the cam face 50 will thrust the plunger 46 outwardly so that the rack 39 which is actuated from the gear 37 will be moved out of mesh with the teeth of the gear 38. Vhe'n the main bolt. has reached its forward position the end of the plunger 46 Vwill advance over the shorter cam surface 51 permitting the rack 39 to be plunger toride upon the cam surface 51,.

thus forcing the plunger 46 outwardly and disengaging the rack 39 sol that the bolt may be retracted by the further rotation of the gear 8.

In order to limit the outward projection 3f the bolt and to further insure fthe locking of the same against tampering, the gear 36 may be provided with means vadapted to engagethe gear 37 upon the forward movement of the bolt and with the gear 35 upon the retraction of the main bolt. This ylocking mechanism as illustrated -herein comprises a member 53 carried upon an arm 54 which may be secured to the gear 36 by screws or rivets or in any other suitable manner. The member 53 may be at one end'in the form of a rack 55 adapted to engage the teeth of the gear 35 when moved in one direction and at the other end with a tail piece 56 adapted to engage the gear 37 when rotated in the opposite direction so that when the train of gears is actuated by the master key to unlock the main bolt the tail 56 will be thrust into engagement with the teeth of the gear 37 thus limiting the retraction of the bolt and thereby insuring the positionin of the key slot 10 in proper position. On the other hand when the main bolt 3 is advanced by the master key inthe manner aforesaid the bolt will be projected until the rack 55 engages the teeth of the gear 35 whereupon further rotation ofthe train of gears will be arrestedsince the gears 35 and 36 intermesh and at this time the'rack 55 will prevent relative rotation of said gears. The intermeshing of the rack 55 with the gear 35 occurs simultaneously with the release of the plunger 46 by the sharply inclined surface 51 of the cam 49 so that when the bolt is projected the gear train which operates the same is doubly locked against rotative movement.

It will be observed that the gear train 34, 35, 36, 37 and 38 which approximately encomipasses half the circumference of the main gear 28 opposite to the main train thereof which engages the rack will serve to maintain the main gear in. its proper position andgive rigidity thereto. In order to likewise more securely brace the gear 29 which actuates the auxiliary lock, and to provide means whereby different keys may be usedalso to actuate the auxiliary lock, I have-provided` two gears l57, 58 journaled upon hollow spindles 59, 60 located intermediate ofthe peripheries of the gears of the main train, the gears 57, and 58 'meshing with the gear 29 which actuates the auxiliary lock. These gears 57 land 58 may be provided with slots 61, 62 differing in form from each other andreach differing from the slot 30'in the gear 39 so that different keys' may be given to different employees each of which may be adapted to unlock the auxiliary bolt but none of which is capable of actuating the main lock. j

In order to provide for the actuation of the main lock from the opposite side of the door, without permitting `the key to pass through the door, the pivot 9 of the gears 8 and 29 may be provided with a central solid portion 6.3 and a cylindricalextension 64. A disk65 rotarily mounted in a cylindrical Vrecess 66 in the outer face of the casing 1 :may be provided with a slot 110 correspondy ing to the slot 10 of the gear 8 and a cover vplate 67 with a suitable slot 68 conforming to the form of the bit 33 of the key may be provided to cover the disk 65y so that the disk 65 can only be rotated when .the key is thrust through the slot. into `engagement `with the disk and stud 64 whereby the gear 8 may be rotated in the manner aforesaid. If desired the stems 59, 60 of the gears 57 and 58 may ylikewise be extended through the plate 1 and provided with suitable disks similar in character tothe disk 65 by which the gears 57, 58 may be rotated from the opposite side of the lock to actuate the auxiliio iary bolt 4. This feature however is illusi trated in dotted lines and it will beobvious that the construction may be easily and readily made. In such case the cover plate 67 will be of sufficient size to inclose all of the disks necessary to the actuation of the lock from the opposite side of the door to that which was first-described.

v It will be obvious from the above descriptionthat this lock is adapted to a variety of uses. For example if used as the v'lock of a safe, in which case access to theflock from one side only. is necessary, the proprietor may retain possession of the master key, permitting trusted employees tol have different keys, three in number so that'each of the emshot by the master key. ln case tl1e lo ck is to be used under conditions where it 1s to be accessible from both sides, two diierent keys may be given to others, while the master master key may be retained in the hands oft the proprietor and a ditlerent key placed in the hands of the party who is to receive the package.

While l have thus described a selected embodiment of my invention it will be obvious that other embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention as illustrated in the drawings and more particularly pointed out in the claims hereto annexed.

Having thus described my invention what l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A lock comprising a plurality of locking bolts, independently operable racks and gears for actuating said bolts and means adapted to cause the actuation of both said bolts in unison;

2. A lock comprising a plurality of locking bolts, independently operable means for actuating one of said bolts and a master key adapted to cause the actuation of both said bolts in unison and means operable by said master key for locking said bolts in projected or retracted position.

3. A lock comprising a main locking bolt and an auxiliary locking bolt, means including racks and gears for actuating bot-h bolts in unison from a master key, means for Vactuating the auxiliary bolt by an auxiliary key independently of the main bolt when the latter is retracted and means operable by the master key for locking the main bolt in retracted position whereby the actuation thereof by the auxiliary key is prevented.

t. A lock comprising a main locking bolt, an auxiliary locking bolt and means for actuating the said bolts including racks and gears, the auxiliary lock being operable by an auxiliary key and both locks being operable simultaneously by a master key.

5. A lock comprising a main locking bolt, an auxiliary locking bolt and means for actuating the said bolts including racks and gears, the auxiliary lock being operable by an auxiliary key and both locks being operable simultaneously by a master key and means for retaining the Gear which actuates the main bolt from rotation when the latter is retracted, whereby the auxiliary bolt may be operated independently of the main bolt.

6. A lock comprising a main locking bolt and an auxiliary locking bolt, a train ot' gears for actuating the main bolt, one ot' said train engaging a rack upon said bolt, an auxiliary gear mounted upon the same axis with the gear which engages the main bolt and engaging a rack upon the auxiliary bolt and means operable by the rotation of the gear for actuating the main bolt adapted to engage the gears of said train and lock the same against rotation.

7. A lock comprising a main locking bolt and an auxiliary locking bolt, a train oli gears for actuating the main bolt, one of said train enga-ging a rack upon said bolt, an auxiliary gear mounted upon the same axis with the Agear which engages the main bolt and engaging a rack upon the auxiliary bolt, a pivotally and slidably mounted rack operable by one of the gears of said train, meansfor causing said rack to engage two intermeshing gears to lock the same and for disengaging the rack from one of the gears of said train. Y Y

8. A lock comprising a main locking bolt and an auxiliary locking bolt, a train ot' gears for actuating the main bolt, one of said train engaging a rack upon said bolt, an auxiliary gear mounted upon the same axis with the gear which engages the main bolt and engaging a rack upon the auxiliary bolt and means operable by the rotation of the gear for actuating the main bolt adapted to cause the interlocking or' the gears of said train comprising a rack slidably mounted upon a pivoted guide, resilient means normally adapted to press the rack into engagement with a pluralityof' gears, a plunger engaging said pivoted guiding means and a cam upon the main bolt actuating gear adapted to cause the disengagement ot the rack from one of the gears of said train upon rotation of said main bolt engaging gear.

9. A lock comprising a main locking bolt and an auxiliary locking bolt, means for actuating said bolts in unisonand a plurality ot means operable from the same side ot the lock for actuating the auxiliary bolt independently of the main bolt.

10. A lock comprising a main locking bolt and an auxiliary locking bolt, means for actuating said bolts in unison and a plurality of means -for actuating the auxiliary bolt independently or" the main bolt consisting of p a train of gears each ot said gears being operable by a key of different form from that of' the others.

ll. A lock comprising a main and auxiliary bolt, means for actuating the same simultaneously by a master key, means fm;

actuating the auxiliary bolt independently` of the main bolt, a latch carried by the auxiliary bolt, an actuator therefor, a knob and means for removing the actuator for the latch from operative relation to the knob .i-

f channel shaped recess, a latch slidably mounted in said recess and having parallel arms, a rotatable actuator having means adapted to engage said arms and-move the latch relatively to the bolt, a knob member normally in operative connection With said Copies of this patent may'be obtained for actuator and means for projecting said bolt whereby said actuator Will Abe Withdrawn trom operative relation to said knob member. f

14. A lock comprising a locking bolt having a channeled portion, j a latch having rearwardly extending arms slidably mounted in said channel, a spring adapted normally to maintain the latch in projected position, an actuator having cam projections engaging said arms, a gear upon said actuator, a knob member having a gear adapted to engage the gear upon said actuator, means for projecting said bolt wherebyV the gear upon the actuator Will be removed from relative engagement with the gear upon theknob member.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my i name to this specification.

LIBORIO Gr. GIARDINO* five cents each, by addressing' the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, I). Gf, l

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