US1168527A - Speed-controlling device. - Google Patents

Description

V. MAcKAY.

SPEED CONTROLLING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED APR-27.1914.

1,168,527. v Patented Jan. 18, 1916.

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VASIL MAGKAY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSET'IEL SEEEID-CONTROLLING DEVICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

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Application filed April 27, 1914:. Serial No. 834,591.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, VasiL MAGKAY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Boston, in the county of ldulfoll; and btate of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Speeddlontrolling Devices, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to speed controlling devices adapted more particularly to turbines and the like, in which the momentum or velocity of fluid is of more importance in operating the device than is the force produced by the expansion of said fluid.

The object of the invention is to provide a simple, efficient device which, during the operation of the turbine, will be governed by the speed thereof to increase or diminish the supply of fluid to said turbine without materially decreasing themomentum or velocity of said fluid.

The invention consists in the combination and arrangement of parts whereby the above object and certain other objects hereinafter appearing may be attained, as set forth in the following specification and particularly' pointed out in the claim.

Referring to the driuvings: Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of an apparatus embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a section, partly in elevation, taken on the line 22 of F ig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail side elevation of the detachable side of the casing containing the rotor illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view taken on the curved line 4- l of Fig. 2.

Like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views of the drawings.

In the drawings, 6 illustrates a turbine consisting of a casing 7 within which a rotor 8 is arranged to rotate. The rotor 8 is fast to a shaft 9 preferably journaled to r0- tate in bearings 10 secured to the casing or frame of the turbine. The portion of the casing 7, preferably the end wall 11, is made detachable whereby said rotor may be placed within said casing or removed therefrom at will.

The rotor 8 may be made in accordance with any of the various forms in use, but for convenience I have shown a plurality of blades 12 formed upon the periphery of a cylindrical member 13, said cylindrical mem-., her being secured to the shaft 9. The outer ends of the blades 12 are adapted to substantially fit the inner peripheral surface 41 of the casing 7, while the ends of said blades fit the end walls of said casing.

In the type of turbine shown, a rotary motion 15 imparted to the rotor by means of Jets of fluid which are directed against said blades 12, the momentum or velocity of said fluid being relied upon to operate said rotor rather than the expansion thereof, and at the proper point along the periphery of the casing the fluid, which has been directed to said blades, is permitted to escape through a suitable discharge passage, preferably as shown at 15 and formed in the casing 7, said passage being connected to adischarge pipe 16.

in directing the fluid, which is to rotate the rotor 8, to'the blades 12 of said rotor, said fluid is admitted through a plurality of passages 17, 18 and 19 each terminating at a different point on the periphery of said rotor but located in the central plane of rotation thereof, said points-being at substantial distances from the discharge passage 15. All of said passages preferably lead from points at different distances from said central plane of rotation of said rotor in a common valve chest 20. A valve 21 is arranged in said valve chest and is adapted to be reciprocated therein to close one or all of the mouths of said passages, said valve being operated from the exterior of the easing and longitudinally of said shaft by means hereinafter described.

A fluid supply pipe 22 is connected to the valve chest 20 through which fluid is admittedto said chest and from thence through a predeterminednumber of passages to the periphery of the rotor against the blades thereof, said supply pipe having a valve 23 by means of which the supply of fluid to said valve chest may be cut off when it is desired to discontinue the operations of said turbine.

It is essential that the velo city of the rotor 8 be automatically contrblled to counteract any variation in the velocity or momentum of the fluid which is conducted to the periphery of said rotor. To accomplish this result in a simple, inexpensive manner the shaft 19 is preferably extended beyond one of the bearings 10 and upon said. shaft is scoured a collar 21- which must at all times rotate with said shaft. A second collar 25 [is also mounted on said shaft and caused to rotate therewith by means of a key 26. This colla however is permitted to slide longitudinally of the shaft for a limited dis tance, said distance being'controlled in one direction preferably by two sets of links 27 and 28 pivotally secured to the collars 24 and 25 respectively, the free ends of said links being connected by weights '29.

A spring 30 surrounds the shaft 9 mtermediateLsaid collars one end of said spring engagin the slidable collar 25 and the opposite end of said spring engaging a collar 31 secured to said shaftvand capable of being -moved longitudinally thereof to vary the tension or pressure 0 aid spring against said collar 25. As the s t 9 is rotated by the rotor, 8 the centrifugalforce applied to the weig ts'29 tends to move said Weights outwardl from said shaftand by so doing acts upon the, collar 25 to ,compress the spring 30 and the more the speed of said shaft increases the farther out said weights will be moved, thus imparting a movement to said collar 25 longitudinall of the shaft 9, which. movement, as herein efore stated, is controlled by the tension of the spring 30.

The collar 25 is preferably provided with an annular groove 32 within which the end 33 of a lever 34 is adapted to fit. The lever 34 is pivoted"; at 35 to a stationary bracket 36. The other end 37 of the lever 34 is connected by a link 38 to a stem 39 of the valve 21 which projects-outwardly through suitable packing 40 in the sideof the Gas ing 7.

It will be readily apparent by referring to the drawings and the above description that the slightest movement of the collar 25 will transmit a sliding movement to the valve '21 and as this movement is increased by the increasing velocity of'the shaft 9, said valve 21 will be moved to close the several passages 17, 18 and 19, shutting off or closing the passage 17 then 18 and then 19 according to the speed of the rotor and the centrifu gal force applied to the weights 29, and by cutting'ofl? the supply of fluid the valve 21 will be returned to its normal position through the action of the spring 30 against the collar 25.

The passages 17, 18 and 19, where they open into the valve chest 20, are long and narrow and the valve 21 is adapted to slide across the mouths of said passages transversely of the long dimensions thereof. By

splitting up the fluid supply passage to the periphery of the rotor into a plurality of small passages and making the mouths of said passages, as they enter the fluid chest much narrower than they are long, the supply o-f fl-uid thereto will be quickly cut off by the slight movement of'the valve 21, or

' witnesses.

if the velocity of the shaft 9is sufiicientto close but one of said passagesthe momentum or velocity of fluid through the passages which remain open will ,not be retarded or diminished in the slightest de-.

gree.

The above construction results in a more economical device than" would be the ease shoulda single passage from the valve chest making the opening smaller in area than is a the passage. As the fluid passesthrough said reduced openingandenters the passage at the other side thereof it is permlttedto expand slightly owing to the difference in size between said passage and theopening thereto and thereby decrease the velocity of said fluid. With applicants structure such an efi'ect would be practically eliminated. A g

In the above description I have described the preferred embodiment of my invention for illustrativepurposes and have disclosed and discussed in detail the constructionand arrangement incidental to the particular application. It is however to be understood that the invention is not limited to the mere details or relative arrangement of parts,

neither to the specific applicationv herein I shown, but that extensive variations or deviations from the illustrated forms of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the same.

Having thus described my invention What I claim and desire by Letters Patent tosecure is:

in combination, a shaft, a rotor secured to a A'device of the class -described'having,

said shaft, a valve chest arranged transversely of the periphery-of said rotor, said chesthaving a plurality of passages leading outwardly therefrom at different distances from the central plane of rotation riphery' of said rotor, all of said points being located in said central plane of rotation,

of said rotor to different points in the pev a valve arranged to reciprocate in said chest 1 transversely of said passages, and a governor on said shaft adapted to reciprocate I said lve to open and close one or all of r said pa ages.

In testi ony whereof I'have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing VASIL MAGKAY.

Witnesses:

CHARLES S. GoomNe, SYosEY E. TAFT.

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