US1156547A - Elastic-fluid turbine. - Google Patents

Description

W. PAPE.

ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

. APPLICATION FILED APR.3,19I5.

Patented Oct/12, 1915.

Inventor: Wilhelm Dape,

Witnesses:

certain new-and useful Improvements in Elastic-Fluid Turbines, of which the fol- VILHELM. FEE, OF CHARLOTTENBURG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR 1'0 GENERAL ELECTRI?) COMPANY, A COBYORATION 0F ELASTIC-FLUID TURBZNE.

masses.

Jiipecification of Letters Patent.

Patented @ct. i2, 2M5.

' I e iieaami'aaea nia,1921-5. sei-iainaiaeie.

Z '0 all whom it may concern Be it known that l, Finisher Eire, a subject of the German Emperor, residing at /Charlottenburg, Germany, have invented lowing is a'specification.

The present invention relates. to elasticfluidturbine installation comprising a main.

1o turbine running condensing and an auxiliary running non-condensing and exhausting into an intermediate stage of the main' machine. In connection. with such installation there isdanger that at very light loads or no load on the main turbine the supply or exhaust elastic-fluid from the auxiliary turbine may be suiiicient to cause the main machine to race, which, as is 'WBll-kIlOWIl, highly objectionable and may result in Serb.

ous damage. I

The object of the present inventions to provide an improved arrangement for regulating and controlling an installation of this character which Will materially increase the reliability of operation.

For a consideration of What I believe to be novel and my invention, attention is dirooted to the accoinpanyingv description and the claims appended thereto.

in carrying out my invention I place the supply of high pressure elastic fluid to the main turbine under the control of a speed governor driven by the main turbine. I

then place the supply of elastic fluid to the.

auxiliary turbine under the control of a speed governor driven by the auxiliary tur bine and also under the control of a speed governor driven by the main machine. This latter governor may be the same one which controls the supply of elastic fluid to the main turbine, or it may be a separate one,

. and it may operate on the same valve mech- 'a'rji'sm as does theauxiliary turbine speed QJH'QIIIOI, or on an independent mechanism.

prefer to use only a single speed governor on the mam turbine and have it operate a v7; valve mechanism which controls the supply of elastic fluid to both turbines, as this arrangement embodies several advantages as will be pointed out hereinafter.

' In the drawings, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view, partly in section, of an installation embodvinir mv invention; Fig. 2 is a section on a larger scale at a hydraulic inotor, and Fig. 3

4 isa detail view showing a modification.

suitable source. and exhausting through conduit'6 to the condenser 7.

8 an atmospheric relief valve which opens in case the condenser lose vacuum.

9 indicates an auxiliary turbi in the present instance it'is shown as being used to drive the circulating pump 10 and the wet air pump 11. The pump 10 supplies cooling Water'ior the condenser through the pipe 12 and the pump 11. removes the condensation therefrom through pipe I The auxiliary turbine receives elastic f N through pipe l4 and has its exhaust pipe 15 connected to an intermediate stage or region of the main turbine. Pipe 1%: in substance a branch of the supply conduit 5. The passage of elas-' tic fluid from conduit 5 to the main turbine and to pipe leis under the control of the valve mechanism 16.. In the present instance it comprises-a motive fluid chest 17 from Which leads 'a series ofpassages 18 to the turbine nozzles or other fluid discharging devices. These passages are controlled by separately actingvalves 19.

20 is a valve stem extending loosely through the valves and having a series of abutments 21 thereon which are adapted to successively engage the valves 19 to uncover the passages 18. Fixed on the lovver end of the stem 20 is a valve 22 whichcontrols the passage of elastic fluid through pipe 14 to the auxiliary turbine. stem 20 is connected to the piston 23 of a hydraulic motor 24.

25 is the pilot valve having the usual valve bodies 26, admission pe 27, and discharge pipes 28. The stem 53 of the pilot valve is connected to the floating lever 30'Which in turn is connected at one end to the speed governor 31 and at the other to the stem 20,

thus forming a usual type of follow-up de iqo lowered by the ordinary nut and screw op- 105 erated by the hand Wheel 38. By moving The upper. end of" turbine.

ually by the hand wheel 35, and to be auto- 4 matically tripped and closed by the speed governor 31 in case of excess speed of the,

main turbine.

The supply of elastic fluid to the auxiliary turbine is also controlled by the valve 36 operated by the speed governor 37 which is driven by the auxiliary turbine shaft. The valve 36 may also be controlled manually by hand wheel 38.

The operation is as follows: Assuming the installation to be idle and it is desired to start the same up, the hand'wheel 33 on the main turbine is screwed down so as to completely close the valve mechanism 16. This shuts off the supply of motive fluid to the main turbine and also to the pipe 14. The valve 36 is opened and is set to respond to the speed governor 37.. The valve 34 is then opened admitting motive fluid to, the chest 17. Since the valve mechanism 16 is closed, however, no motive fluid can pass to either The hand wheel 33 is now screwed up slowly. This will cause theyhydraulic motor 24 to operate valve mechanism 16. The valve body 22 Will first. be raised to admit motive fluid through-pipe 14 to the auxiliary turbine 9. The auxiliary turbine will then start up in the usual way exhausting through the pipe 15 to the turbine 4. At this time there will be no vacuum in con denser 7 and the atmospheric relief valve 8 will be open. There will, therefore, be no drop in pressure across the low pressure end of the main turbine and the exhaust from turbine 9 will not tend to operate the same. The operation of the auxiliary turbine 9 puts the pumps 10 and 11 into operation to start the condense 7. As soon as a suitable vacuum is r bed in condenser 7 the relief valve 8 is closed. stance this relief'valve is shown asbeing automatic, but it may be a simple hand valve: After the auxiliary apparatus is in operation the llflFl 'siheel 33 is screwed up still farther raising the valves 19 and putting the main turbine into operation. The hand wheel is then screwed up as far as it will go. The speed governor 31 then asspines control of the main turbine and the installation'will operate inthe usual manner. The auxiliary machine will be regulated by its speed governor 37. If, now,

. due to light load on the turbine 4, the exhaust from the auxiliary turbine 9 is sufficierit-to cause ih to race, the speed governor In the present in- 31 will operate first to close off the admission of high pressure elastic fluid to the main turbine and then to throttle by means of valve ?2 the passage of elastic fluid to the pipe 14. This will so limit the supply of motive fluid to the auxiliary turbine 9 that its exhaust will not be suflicient to cause the speed of the main machine to increase unduly. If, for any reason, as, for example by becoming dirty or covered with boiler scale, the valves 19 should fail to close completely so that there is more or less leakage to the main turbine 41. tending to cause it to race, the speed governor 31, upon the turbine reaching a predetermined maximum speed, will trip the emergency cut-off valve 34 and shut off the supply of motive fluid to both machines.

By the operation last described it will be noted that, when the emergency cut-ofi' valve 34'is tripped, the supply of motive fluid to both the main turbine and the auxiliary turbine is interrupted. This causes a shutting down of the entire plant, which in some instances-may be undesirable. In order to avoid this, the modification shown in Fig. 3 may be used. In this arrangement, 5 indicates the main motive fluid supply conduit and 34 the emergency cut-off valve. 17' is the motive fluid chest of the valve mechanism corresponding to the valve mechanism 16 of Fig. 1, and 14 is the pipe leading to the auxiliary machine; These parts may all be the same as in Fig. 1. The supply of motive fluid from the conduit 5 to the pipe 14 in the present instance is by way of the branch pipe 40 which shunts the emergency cut-off valve 34. This branch pipe is provided with a suitable hand valve 41. In accordance with this arrangement when the emergency shut-off valve 34 'is tripped the supply of motive fluid to the auxiliary turbine is not interrupted but. will remain under the control of the speed governor 31 as before. The operation of the auxiliaries connected withthe auxiliary turbine 9 will, therefore, not be interrupted or the condenser vacuum lost. lVith this arrangement the auxiliary turbine, therefore, is not shut down and in order to start the installation in. operation again it is only necessary to reset the valve 34 and open the valve mechanism 1G by means of hand wheel 33, as described.

In normal operation and with a substantial load on the main machine, each machine is directly controlled by its oWn speed governor. The governor of the main turbine affects the supply to the auxiliary turbine only after it has first shut off the supply to the main turbine. When this supply is shut off, however, and the main machine is operating on exhaust'from the auxiliary machine alone, it then assumes primary control of the supply of motive fluid to the auxiliary seen'that I have provided an installation wherein the possibility for the main machine racing is very remote and in which the installation is controlled iii a very eflicient manner.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the principle of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof, but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative, and

ernor responsive to the speed of the auxilthat the invention can be carried out by other means.

lVhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Tatent of the United States, is,

1. In combination, a main turbine, an auxiliary turbine exhausting into an intermediate stage of the main turbine, means responsive to the speed of the main turbine for regulating the supply of elastic fluid thereto, and means responsive to both the speed of the main turbine and to the speed of the auxiliary turbine for regulating the supply of elastic fluid to the auxiliary turbine.

2. In combination, a main turbine, an auxiliary turbine exhausting into an inter, mediate stage thereof, a speed governor responsive to the speed of the main turbine, valve mechanism operated thereby for controlling the admission of elastic fluid to both turbines, a speed governor responsive to the speed of the auxiliary machine, and valve mechanism operated thereby for controlling. the admission of elastic fluid to the auxiliary machine.

3. In combination, a main turbine, an

auxiliary turbine exhausting into an intermediate stage thereof, valve means controllingthe admission of elastic fluid to the main turbine, valve means controlling the admission of elastic fluid to the auxiliary turbine, a speed governor responsive to the speed of'the main turbine and connected to both said valve means and arranged to operate first the valve means of the auxiliary turbine and then that of the main machine,

a second valve means controlling the ad mission of elastic fluid to the auxiliary turbine, and a governor therefor responsive to the speed of the auxiliary'machine.

4. In combination, a'main turbine, an auxiliary turbine having its exhaust connected to an intermediate stage thereof, and a governor responsive to the speed of the main turbine for controlling the supply of elastic fluid to both turbines.

5. In combination, a main turbine, an auxiliary turbine having its exhaust connected to an intermediate stage thereof, a governor responsive to the speed of the main turbine for controlling the supply of elastic fluid to both machines, and a goviary turbine for controlling the supply of elastic fluid to it alone.

6. In combination, a main turbine, an auxiliary turbine exhausting into an intermediate stage thereof, a speed governor responsive to the speed of the main turbine, valve mechanism operated thereby for controlling the admission of elastic fluid to both turbines, a speedgovernor responsive to the speed of the auxiliary machine, valve mechanism operated thereby for controlling the admission of elastic fluid to the auxiliary machine, a main conduit for supplying elastic fluid to said valve mechanisms, and

an automatic cut-off valve in said main con duit which is closed when the speed of the main turbine reaches a predetermined maximum value.

7. In combination, a main turbine, an auxiliary turbine having its exhaust connected to an intermediate stage thereof, a valve mechanism for controlling the supply of motive fluid to both turbines, a hydraulic motor for operating it, a speed governor responsiye to the speed of the main turbine controlling the hydraulic motor, and manually operated means for controlling the hydraulic motor to cause it to operate the valve mechanism.

In Witness whereof, I havehereunto set my hand this fourth day of March, 1915.

, WVILHELM PAPE. Witnesses:

HENRY HAsrER,

WOLDEMAR HAUPT.

Images