US1148434A - Propeller. - Google Patents

Description

, H. I. BENEDICT.

PROPELLER.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 19.1914.-

hmfi fim Patented July 27,1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I,

INVENTOR H Hep li y I. Benedicf' A TTOR/IIEKS m W TTORA/EYS H. I. BENEDICT.

PROPELLER.

APPLICATION man ocT.'i9. 1914.

LM@ u Patented Jul 27,1915.

WIT/V5885? //V 5 IV TOR Henry I. Benedicf' a citizen of the United States, and a resident 'of the cityof New York, borough of Manmar t. W101,

Tocll whom, it may'c oncera:

- Be it'lmown that I, HENRY ll. Bnmmwr,

hattan, in the county and State otNew York, have invented anew-andllmproved Propeller, of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to propellers for marine and air craltts and relates more particularly to" a propeller of the oscillatory type in contradistinction to rotary pro- .pellers. I

- The invention .has for its general'obmcts to improve and simplify the construction of propellers so as to be highly eflicient in use, of durable and substantial design and equally effective in both forward and reverse prppulsion.

ore specifically the. tion is the provision of a propeller capable of oscillating laterally or'vertically and having in addition to an oscillatory motion .a

movement of translation while held at such a pitch that its action on the water or an results in a propelling impulse and these impulses are produced in-the movement of the propeller in-both directionsb A further object of the invention'is the provision ofactuating means for the propeller whereby a propelling force is' produced at all points exceptat the limits of the oscillatory or reciprocatory movement thereof, when the actuating means passes through its dead centers, which fact,.taken in connection with the fish-tail shape of the propeller causes a powerful and practically uniform propelling impulse tobe given to the craft on'which the propeller is mounted.

With such objects in view, and others which willappear as the description.pro'- ceedS, the-invention comprises various novel features of constructlon and arrangement of parts-which will be set forth with particularity in the following description and claims ap ended hereto. 1

n the accompanying" drawings, which illustrate certain embodiments of the invention and wherein similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all theviews, Figure 1 is-a'bottom plan view of the stern of a boat equipped with the mproved propelling mechanism; Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5 object of the invenon NW roan, n. r.

view of the propeller detached Fig. 7 is a perspectiveview of the crank shaft for op.- eratmg the pro eller; Fig. 8 is a side view of the crank sha t with the crank pin in section; Fig. his a side-view'of the steering part ofaboat with a'modified form of pro- I a detail view of the eccentrics embodied in the mechanism shown in-Figl In the present instance t be understood that it can be used with air craRfti h d e errin to t e, rawin A desi ates the hull at a boat to whic isapplie d the propeller B. This propeller may be disposed with its plane horizontal orvertical and 1t 1s more or less in the shape of a fishstail. The propeller is adapted to have a motion of translation up'and down or to the right or left, according to the disposi- 'rnornnnna m aaa, 1 ae m :lPa tented duly eaters.

- .Applicaflonflled octolber imam. remind teaser. p:

peller actuating mechanism; and Fig. 10 is.

.Q. 6'5- e prope1ler' i s shown in connectwnj with a boat, but it is totion of the plane of the propeller, and dur-' ing the movement of the propeller it is in-. chned 1n the same general direction with respect to the lengthv of the boat throughout the range of each stroke, but the inclination during one stroke is opposite to the inclination during the succeeding stroke.

ing movement about its front edge as acenter, for instance, but it moves bodily while maintaininga decided pitch, whereby a propelling thrust is exerted on the boat. As

the propeller has a bodily movement trans versely to the line of propulsion it is mov-' ably connected with the hull by means "of In other words, the propellerdo'es not have a swing-.

is provided with a crank pin 6 engaged in .a

plane. coincident with thelongitudinal center plane of the propeller. The crank pin is disposed parallelwith'" the crank shaft 4; when viewed in one plane,'but in another plane atright-angle's to the first-mentioned recess 7 provided in the .front edge 'ofthe propeller, such recess being elongated in a v plane the crank pin is dis osed obliquely to the'axis of. the engine sha t 4. By reasonof this arrangement of the crank pin a rotation o f'the shaft will cause the crank pin to 56 To reduce friction to a eo-back and move back and forth the recess or slot 7 of the propeller, with a, motion somewhat after thefashion of a harmonic motion, but

' I the propeller is at all times disposed at an an 1e to the axis of the driving shaft, except while the crank pin passes through its dead center's. InFig. 2 t e crank pin 6' is at its upper dead center and as the shaft 4 revolves and with it the crank pin, the latter becomes inclined to the horizontal and reaches 1ts maximum point of inclinationat, the end of the first (guarter of the revolution,, as shownin Fig and during the next quarter of the revolution the angle of inclination gradually changes until the propeller is parallel with the shaft 4, as shown m Fig. 4, where the crank pin is at its lower deadcenter. As the shaft continues to revolve the crank pin ascends and gradually changes its inclination, so that it reaches theosition shown in Fig. 5 at a point midway I tween the upward travel of the crank pin,

- and during the fourth quarter of the revolution-of the crank pin it changes its inclination from the osltion shown in Fig. 5 to that shown in. ig. 2. It will be noted that the angle of inclination during the first half of the revolution from, Fi 2 is o posite to v the angle of inclination uring e second so half from Fig. 4 to'Fig. 2. As the propeller B is inclined at all points except when the crank is at its u' per or lower dead center the propeller wi l have a pitch which resultsin a powerful thrust bemg exerted, due

- B5 to theaction of the'propeller on the water,

I and this thrustis the: same both in the u and down stroke of the pro eller. Obv1- 4 ously the direction of propu 'on depends ,upon the direction in which the shaft 4 is I to rotated, and-therefore when it is desired to reverse the direction of propulsion it is. merely necessary .to reverse the direction of rotation of the shaft. When the propeller is moving downwardly its under surface will act on the water and produce the propelling force, while on the upstroke of the propeller the upper 'side acts on the water to produce the propelling force. During the up and down strokes of the propeller the bars '1 lio swing on theirfront ends as centers, since these bars-are pivotally connected with the propeller and the thrust produced by the propeller is transmitted through these bars tot eboat.

the crank 6 may include a roller or other anti- "ction device 8 which 18 disposed in the chamber of the ropeller, whereby a rolling contact is ed as the crank pin .moves Instead of loying' the crank in construction herein fore described t e 'prop eller B can be actuated by meansshown in ig. 9. This propeller is connected with a M pair of devices which'cause'the propeller to h both of which latter are fastened I to an polled, a fish-tail-likeflpropeller, a driving shaft, a crank pinon.

angle to the axis thereof,'sai;1npropcller same at an inclination to the line of propulsion'. The inclination or pitch of course changes alternately as the strokes change.

In the present instance the front and rear portions of the propeller are connected by freely. laterally movable links or equivalent devices 9 and 10 with eccentric straps 9 and 10 which surround eccentrics 9" and 10",

engine shaft 11. Theeccentrics are pneferably angularly displaced one from the other as shown in -Fig.- 10, so that the angle of inclination of the propeller will gradually change from zero at the begin-' ning of a stroke to maximum at mid stroke, and zero at'the end of the stroke, and thereafter pass through the same cycle with an opposite inclination on the next stroke. Wlth this arrangement the direction of 5 movementof the propeller can be reversed by merely reversing the rotation of the shaft 11 for the forward or backward propulsion of the boat. j While the propeller ai1d operating mechanism has been shown in connection with a shaft driven from an engine within the boat it is'to be understood that the inventlon can be used in connection with an outboard driving motor applied to the stern of a boat. ,From the foregoing description taken n. connection with the accompanyingfdrawm the advantages of the, construction an method of operationywill be readily understood by those skilled in the art to which the 100 invention appertains, and while I have described the principle of operation together with the apparatus which I now consider to be the'best embodiment thereof, I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is merely illustrative and that such ch es may be made when desired as are withln e scolpe of the appended claims.

aving thus described my nventlon, I claim as new and desire t9 secure by Letters Patent: -1. The combination of a craft to be propelled, with a propeller movable back and forth at approximately right-angles to the line of propulsion, a rotary shaft extendlng longitudinally of the craft, a single means between the shaft and propeller for moving the latter back and forth and alternately changing the pitchof the propeller synchronously with the strokes thereof, and a device hingedly connected with the propellerand movably connected with-the craft, whereby the thrusts from the. propeller-are transto the craft. 1 2; The combination of a craft tobe pro- Ill e shaft arranged at having means with'which the cr pm encas s w @1180 ep op lle tq mQvebMk misses I and forth while disposed at an angle to the said shaft, and means for connecting the propeller with the craft to propel the same.

3. The combinationofa craft toibe pro-- pelled, a fish-tail-like propeller having a recess in its front portion and at the center, a shaft disposed in frontiof the propeller, a crank pin on the shaft disposed at an angle to the axis of the shaft and, engaging in the recess of the propeller to reciprocate and and means forconnecting the propeller with the said craft to propel the same.

4. The combination of a craft to be propelled,,a fiat propeller oscillatory in only a single plane, a crank pin adapted torevolve about an axis transverse to theplane'of mo 'tion of the propeller, and the crank pin being disposed at an angle to such axis, and

- means carried by the propeller with which :the crank P111 engages for vibrating the propeller and alternately changing the pitch of p the propeller as the strokes thereof change,

and a mechanical connection between the propeller and craft whereby the thrust of the propeller. propels the craft, both halves v ef the propeller being inthe sameplane. alternately change the pitch ofthepropeller,

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HENRY I. BENEDICT. Witnesses:

CHA'r'rEN BRADWAY, PHILIP D. RoLLHAUs.

Images