US1144198A - Condenser. - Google Patents

Description

E. G. HELANDER.

CONDENSER.

APPLICATION FILED Nov.26. I913.

1, 144, 1 98. Patented June 22, 1915.

3 SHEETSSHEET 1.

INVENTOR E. G. HELANDER.

CONDENSER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 26, 1913.

1 144, 1 98., Patented June 22, 1915.

a 3 SHEETSSHEET 2. J3

WITNESSES E. G. HELANDER CONDENSER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 26, 19 13. 1,144,198. Patent-ed June 22, 1915.

3 'SHEETSSHEET 3.

WITNESSES INVENTOR 'y' Q mwmw,

an era ERNST G. HELANIDER, 0F YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO.

CONDENSER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 22, 1915.

Application filed November 26, 1913. Serial No. 803,145.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERNST G. .HELANDER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Youngstown, in the county of Mahoning and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Condensers, of which the following isa full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is alongitudinal vertical section of a portion of a condenser embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line 1III of Fig. 1, and Figs. 3 and 4 are vertical sections showing two different modifications of my invention.

My invention has relation to condensers; and more particularly to condensers in which the condensing water passes through a preliminary exhaustion chamber before entering the main exhaustion or vacuum chamber of the condenser; the purpose of the preliminary chamber being to remove from the entering water a relatively large proportion of the air carried in .with the water. A condenser embodying this feature is described and claimed in my Patent No. 1,048,532 of December 31, 1912.

The present invention is designed to provide improved features of construction applicable to condensers of various specific types, but all embodying the feature of a preliminary exhaustion chamber.

The nature of my invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings in which I have shown my invention applied to several different specific types of condensers and which will now be described.

Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, in which I have shown my invention applied to a condenser of the low-jet type; the numeral 2 designates the outer shell of the body portion of condenser, 3 the cap or head and 4 the lower portion of the condenser terminating in a water leg to which is connected the off-take pipe 5 leading to a suitable ump ('not shown) for removingthe water 0 condensation. The head 3 carries the steam inlet pipe 6, which .is shown as extending downwardly within the head, and which terminatesat its lower end above theiupper end of a centrally arranged overflow wall or weir 7. Secured to the lower portion of the steam inle pipe i a P ti n member o h 8 which depends into 'anannular water reception. The water the edge of the wall 10 in a thin sheet, and thus gives opportunity for the air to become extracted therefrom 1n the preliminary extacle or trough 9, formed between the outer surface of the wall or weir 7, and an internal partition wall 10. The member or bell 8 terminates at this lower edge some distance above the bottom of the water receptacle; and the partition wall 10 extends upwardly to a level which is preferably' considerably above the overflow edge of the weir 7 The wall 10 is separated from the outer shell 2 by a space 11 which forms a water cham ber supplied by a connection 12.

Placed within the lower portion of the condenser chamber and extending upwardly within the weir 7 is a cylindrical member 13 which is supported by the outwardly flared lower portion 14, which is shown as secured in the joint between the shell 2 and the lower portion 4. The member 13 is preferably provided with a number of inwardly projecting ribs or webs 15 for the purpose hereinafter described.

When the condenser is in operation the water level in the receptacle 9 is above the lower edge of the bell 8 at both sides thereof, thereby formin an eflicient water seal which, with said bell, divides the space above the weir into an outer preliminary exhaustion chamber 13 and an inner main exhaustion chamber 13 of which the steam passage through the condenser forms a part. The chamber 13 is provided with a connection 13 designed to lead to a suitable air pump or other vacuum producing means (not shown) while the main exhaustion chamber has a connection 16 also leadin to a vacuum producing means (not shown%.

In operation the water entering at 12 flows into the outer water chamber untilit rises to a suilicient .height to flow over the upper edge of the wall 10 and thence flows into the water chamber 9 by gravity. The wall 1'0is made'sufliciently hlgh to give a considerable fall to the water flowing thereover, even when the water level at the inside of such wall may rise above its normal condiows in this manner over haustion chamber. The water seal around the lower edge of the bell 9 will be maintained intact notwithstanding considerable variation in the water level in the two legs ofthe seal.

" In construction the parts will be so proportioned that the seal will always remain densation of the steam occurs.

intact under any variation that can occur in practice.

Steam flowing downwardly through the central steam passage comes in contact with the water discharged at the overflow edgeof the weirand is condensed in passing downwardly through the member 13. Any steam or other non-condensable va ors which are not so condensed will flow ack upwardly through the member 13 against the water and thence downwardly overthe upper edge of the said member, as indicated in arrows in Fig. 1, during which passage further con- The ribs or webs 15 serve to divide or break up the flow of water and thus give opportunity for the steam to pass upwardly therethrough.

In order to insure the flow of enough water over the discharge edge of the weir 7 to maintain the operation of the condenser, notwithstanding considerable temporary lowering of the water level in the inner portion of the receptacle -9, I preferably construct the upper portion of the weir as follows: Its upper edge is preferably at the normal overflow level of the water; but its upper portion is formed with a series of vertical slots or flow channels extending upwardly through such edge and downwardly some distance below such level. Normally, therefore, there is an overflow over this upper edge as well as a flow through these channels, but the channels are of insufficicnt cross section to carry all the normal flow. If, from any cause, the water level falls below the plane of the upper edge, there will still be a flow through these channels. While the flow in such cases ,will be reduced in volume, it will, however, under ordinary operating conditions be suflicient to maintain the operation of the condenser. fer to corrugate the upper portion of the weir, as shown at 17, and to cut awa the inwardly extending corrugations, as s own at 18, to form the said channels. If desired, the channels may be made of in: creasing cross sectional area toward their lower ends, as shown in Fig. 4, so that a lowering of the water level will have less effect on the amount discharged through the channels. The provision of these channels also furnishes inwardly extendin overflow edges 19 which tend to project t e water flowing over them inwardly toward the center of the condenser.

Fig. 3 showsmy invention applied to a different form of low-jet condenser in which the steam inlet pipe 6 is at the lower portion of the condensing chamber, the water discharge pipe 4: extending upwardly within said chamber. In this figure, 13' designates the preliminary exhaustion chamber, 13 the exhaust connection for said chamber, and 16 the exhaust connection for the main condensing chamber which in- I 'prespond in function to they projections 15 in I Fig. 1. In this figure P designates a suitable pump which is connected to the pipe 4 for the purpose of removing the water therefrom. Except as above noted, the interior construction of the upper portion of the condenser is very similar to that shown in Fig. 1 and corresponding parts have'been given the same numeral with the letter' a alfixed thereto.

In Fig. 4, I have shown my invention applied to a barometric condenser. In this figure, 6 designates the steam ipe entering the condenser chamber at the ottom, P is the tail-pipe which enters the condenser above the steam pipe through one side thereof and-terminates in the centrally located funnel-shaped portion 4. 13 designates the preliminary exhaust chamber having the exhaust connectign 13 and 16 is the exhaust connection for the main exhaustion chamber, this connection being shown as extending centrally of the condenser head. 13 is a water plate or baflie which is placed below the discharge of the weir 7 and which has the overflow edge 13. This plate or baflle is supported by a lower plate or baffle 13 having the central water discharge 13. The construction is otherwise the same as in Fig. 1 and corresponding reference numerals have been applied to corresponding parts with the letter b affixed thereto.

My invention provides a very simple and efficient construction for the preliminary exhaustion of the air from the condensing water, since it enables the preliminary ex- -haustion chamber .to be placed within the main shell of the condenser in simple and compact form. It also provides a water seal between the preliminary and main chambers which remains constant, notwithstanding the ordinary variations which occur in practice in the water levels in the two chambers. It also provides a novel weir construction whereby such variations do not interrupt the operation of the condenser.

I do not desire to limit myself to the particular embodiments of my invention which I have herein shown and described, as the details of construction and arrangement of the parts may be varied in many respects, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the invention is also applicable to other specific types of condensers.

What I claim is:

1. A condenser, comprising an outer shell having a vertical steam passage therein, a

water overflow weir surrounding said passage, a partition wall surrounding said weir and forming therewith a water container or receptacle, a depending partition member extending downwardly w1thin said receptacle to a point above the bottom thereof, said depending partition member, when the condenser is in operation, dividing the space within said shell above the weir into a main chamber of which the steam passage forms a part, and a preliminary chamber, a water supply connection for the preliminary chamber, and separate exhaust connections for the main and preliminary chambers; substantially as described.

2. A condenser, comprising an outer shell having a vertical steam passage therein, a water overflow weir surrounding said passage, a partition wall surrounding the weir and extending upwardly to a level above the upper edge of the Weir, there being a water containing space between said partition and the weir, and another water containing space between said partition and the outer shell, a partition member or hell depending within the first named water space but terminating above the bottom thereof, said bell when the condenser is in operation dividing the space within said shell above the Weir into a main chamber of which the steam passage forms a part, and a preliminary chamber, a water supply discharging into the lower portion of the last named water space, and separate exhaust connections for the main and preliminary chambers; substantially as described.

3. A condenser, comprising an outer shell, having therein a main exhaustion chamber and a preliminary exhaustion chamber, a water supply pipe leading into the preliminary exhaustion chamber, separate exhaust connections for the two chambers, a water overflow within the preliminary chamber, a water overflow within the main chamber, and means for forming a constant water seal between the two chambers; substantially as described.

4. A condenser, having a preliminary exhaust chamber, a main exhaust chamber into which the steam to be condensed is led, a

water overflow within the main chamber, a water pipe communicating with the lower portion of the preliminary chamber, and a bafile within the main chamber below the weir, said bafile having means for breaking up the flow of water therethrough to permit a return flow of steam and non-condensable vapors, substantially as described.

5. In a condenser, an overflow weir having its upper edge portion formed with a plurality of vertical corrugations, the inwardly extending corrugations being formed with vertical discharge openings at their inner ends; substantially as described.

6. In a condenser, an overflow Weir having its upper edge portion formed with a plurality of vertical corrugations, the inwardly extending corrugations being formed with vertical discharge openings at their inner ends, said openings being of increasin cross-section toward their lower ends.

In a condenser, an overflow weir having its upper edge portion formed with a plurality of vertical corrugations, the inwardly extending corrugations being formed with vertical discharge openings at their inner ends, each of said openings having an inwardly extending bottom wall; substantially as described.

8. A condenser having an overflow weir for the condensing water, said weir having its upper edge extending to about the normal water level at the outer side thereof, and having its upper portion formed with a plurality of vertical relatively narrow flow channels which extend below such normal level, and which are of insufficient cross section to take all the normal fiow, said channels acting to provide a flow of condensing water when the water level falls below such normal level, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

ERNST G. HELANDER.

Witnesses W. WILDES, L. E. TAYIJDR.

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