US1142241A - Armor or other metal plate. - Google Patents

Description

L O. ELLINGER.

ARMOR 0R-0THEH METAL PLATE.

APPUCATION FILED JULY15,1910.

1,142,241. PatenaJun'e 8,1915.

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

I CJ M www Wl TNE SSE S www 'd 23 /NVENTH 1. 0. ELUNGER.

ARMOR 0R OTHER METAL PLATE.

APPL1cAT|oN r1LE1 1uLY15.191o.

2 SHEETS--SHEET 2.

INVENTOR To fili whom it vmay Gomera.'

l UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIoE.

JULIANp. ELLINGEE., or NEW Yonx, N; Y.,

AssIGNoN, BY DIRECT AND MESNE AssIGNQ iiIENTs, or ONE-HALI- To UNIVERSAL ELECTRIC WELDING COMPANY, OI' NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OE NEW Yonx.

Annen on OTIIEE METAL PLATE.

Be known that I JULIAN Q. EmNGER, a citizen ofthe Uni w States, and a resident o I the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Armor or other Metal Plates,

` of which the following is a specication. l

Thi'sinvention relatesto armor lates and means for fastening the same to si es of ves- Sels'. f

It 1s now Athe practice to 'secure armor plates to t e sides of vessels1 by means of bolts exten ing into the sides through openingsA which are drilled through the plates. This practice is expensive, inasmuch as the plates are hardened, by harveyizing them for example so that the drilling 'of the holes therethrough is a matter of considerable time 1 .n, d labor. It also weakens the plates.

The main purpose of the invention is to minimize the expense incident tothe attacho f armor pla to the sides 'of vessels and to Overcome t e weakness caused by the present mode.

This purpose is 'accomplished by integrail;I uniting to. the comparatively soft backsof the armor 'plates the bolts whichl servefto securesaid pa to the vessels, and the preferred method o integrally uniting these 4v""rts' is by' electrically7 welding them toethe.

he bolts .and v'the backs of the armor maytbe variously prepared for elecrieal welding, within the spirit of the pres- 'pnt invention, the most important requisite being` that either or b h of the surfaces which 'are tobe weldab y united `shall be fo'ried to provide for contact with each other a` protuberance or portion of reduced cross-sectional area'or a portion isolated from the lcontiguous art, formin'gportionsuwherein'theheat is ocalized, ,so that such portion or portions shall be brought to a weldingheat by the current passing therethrou h lbefore the pressure which is einpiy t0 i' teg-,rally unit the melma aimie- 'cules brings the bodies of the membersbeing thus united into sii'ch .intimate ContactA with each other as to cause a 'short eircuiting lof the current and its dissipation, andA in L 'theaccompanying wings I have 4shown phibei;v of various examples of 'parts prepared as to embody such requislte.

It is to be understood 'that these various 4Speoiiloation of Letters Patente forms are to be considered as exemplary and' suggestlve and that there are many-.other detail forms which will be quite within. the

Patented J une 8,1915. Appunti@ 'nid my 1s, 1910. serial No. 572.101.

spirit of the present invention and the scope of the subjoined claims. For this reason the invention is not to be construed to berestricted to the particular embodiments herein illustrated and may be embodied in many apparently widely different forms without 'departing from its spirit or th cope of sub- ]'oined claims. if?

In the drawings Figure 1 is a view of'a section or portion of anarmor plate and a -portion of a bolt orother fastening element exempliying a form-of the invention wherein each of said parts or Inembersis specially prepared for integral union. Fig. .2 is a similar view wherein the fastening bolt only is specially prepared for such union, illustrating one suitable form of such preparation. Fig. 3 is a similar view wherein the back of the armor plate only is prepared for integral union of the same with the end of the bolt or otherfastening element, illusz trating one suitable` form embodyingsuch preparation. Fig. 4 is a similar view illustrating a preparation of the armorplate only, slightly different from that ofFig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a similar view illustrating a preparation rof thearmor plate only differing slightly from those of Figs. 3 and 4. .Figa 6 is another exemplication of the back of an armor plate and the end of a bolt or other fastening element therefor, wherein each is specially prepared. `Fig. 7 is a similar view showin a different-preparation of both the back o Ithe armor plate and fastening element" Fig-` 8 is a view -of the' form illus- 'tratedinf ig..7, taken from a position at right v 'ar'xgles with that of Fig: 7 gFig. 9 is 'a view` intended-to illustrate one arrangement foi electrodes o'r terminals .which may beremployedinthe electrical welding process; showing the parts prepared substantially the-sameasin Fig. 1.'. Fi 10 Is'a 'viw .to illustrate a'- di erent ar- -rangement of electrodes'orvterminals and embodying a different construction thereof, Fig;J .1l is a view similar to' Fig. 10, 1n-

tended to illustrate a preheating step ofthe v Fig; 12 is a detail view of an elecsimilar view of a m ified forni thereof.

' Fig. 14 is a viewon a small scale showing the armor plate with the bolts rigidly and integrally united thereto.

Referring first to the form shown 1n Figs. 10 and 11, 20 designates the armor plate and 21 the bolt. The rear side of the armor plate is grooved as indicated at 22 to form an isolated welding portion 23,or a series of the same, for union with the end 24 of the bolt or bolts, the-.latter being shown as a protuberance, inasmuch as the body of the bolt has an annular flange 25 at the base of the end 24. When the parts have been thus prepared, they are suitably connected with terminals of an electric welding machine, of any suitable construction.

The machine itself forms no part of the present invention, and need notv be illus- .trated herein. The terminals, however,are

peculiar,.` and comprise a plurality of elements disposed in contact with the armor plate 2O immediately adjacent to the outer wall of the groove 22. These elements preferably are segments of a split ring, which may be of two parts marked 26 and 27, respectively, in Figs. 11 and 12, or may be made of a greater number of segments, four for' example, as shown by the parts marked 28, 29, 3Qand 31 in Fig. 13. i' l The circuit wir'ng in this'embodiment of the invention is such that the elements or segments may be of the same or different polarity and changed from one to the other, for a purpose which will hereinafter appear. There is another terminal element, marked 32 applied to the bolt 21.

. In practice, the armor plate and bolt, after l having been properly prepared, are connected with the terminals of the welding machine and with Avthe pressure means of the latter. The current is so switched and conducted that it will not pass to the terminal 32 but will flow to the terminals 26 and 27, one of said terminals being of positive polarity and the other negative. The circuit is completed through the isolated portion 23 Af of the armor plate, as indicated'by the arrow in Fig. 11. By this the said portion is preheated but it is not brought to a temperature sufficiently high to form a weld. After this preheating step is completed, the current is so ,changedytha't it will iio'vvrto the terminal 32 and also-to the terminals 26 and 27, the latter two terminals being now of the same polarity-plus, as shown in Fig. 10 of the drawing. In this step the current passes through the back of the armor plate, through the bolt 21, in the direction of the arrows 1n Fig. 10. The isolated portidn 23 o1 the armor plate and the end 24 and flange 25 of the bolt 21 Aare brought by the action ofthe current in this step to a welding heat, whereupon (pressure is applied and the soft or plastic metal of these parts is forced together, and the plastic metalbf the flange 25 flows and is forced into the groove 22, wherethrough the terminal 32 rent passes through the terminals, 33,

through the armor platej 20, throughl the projection 23 and through the bolt 21, y back to the welding machine. ffl 'I It will be understood that in practice the back of each armor plate is provided with a series of bolts and said plates are prepared as described, for attaching the bolts thereto. By attaching the bolts .directly to the back of the plate and making them an integral part thereof, the cost of production is reduced to a minimum and the objections caused by providing the plates with openings through which to pass the bolts, as heretofore, are overcome.

In Fig. 1, the armor plate 20 is prepared with a groove 34, quite similar to the groove 22 shown by Figs. 10v and 11, but the bolt 20 is formed with a groove, the same as 34 in Fig. 1. A

In Fig. 3, the armor plate 20 is formed with a projection 36 which is weldably united to the end of a bolt 21 and has a plane undersurface which does not project laterally beyond the sides of the bolt. The projection 36 extends outward beyond the plane of the body of the plate, and in this orm has the same superficial area as the end of the bolt; while in Fig. 4, the same form of bolt 21 is shown. In this case the armor plate 2O has a projection 37 on the rear face thereof with undercut edges 38. The lwelding surface of this projection is greater'than the end of the bo'lt 21.

In 5, the bolt 21 is the same as that shown 1n the prior figure, and in this case 1t 1s provided with a projection 39 having a convex outer surface like that shown in Flg. 1. y

In the form shown in Fig. 6 the plate 2O panded end 42 formed with grooves 43 to provide welding projections 44. Thel plate 2O is similarly grooved at 45 to form the seriesP of projections 46. In this form the bolt is so arranged that its projections 44 will cross the projections 46 on the armor plate. The crossing of the projections forms pockets which communicate w1th each other and into which the plastic metal of the projections is forced when they bolt is united to the back of the plate by pressure after the projections are brought to the welding temperature. In all. hese forms it is to be understood thatla terminal of the weldin machine is connected to the bolty 21, and t e other terminal to the armor plate, and when the current is passed through .suiciently to bring the end of the bolt and the welding points or projections on the back of the armor plate to a welding heat, the two parts are forced together by pressure, whereupon the plastic metal will unite, the projections on one of the elements will be forced in and fill up the recess in the other, and a complete rigid weld is made, the molecules of the metal being united and forming a homogeneous mass. The bolt is thus connected to the back of the armor plate and-is an integral homogeneous art thereof.

It is believed that t e process for the production of the structure and the advantages thereof, will b e understood from the foregoing, and it is further believed that the illustrated forms will be understood to be exemplary merely, and that the invention is not to be construed to'be restricted to such illustrated forms and may be embodied in many apparently widely different forms all of which are considered to be within the lscope definedby the subjoined claims.

While I have described this inventionas applied to armor plate, it is to be understood that plates so made may be used for other purposes on ships than armor lates, and in fact may be used in the manu acture of safes, vaults and other places where thick and heavy plates are necessary.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An armor plate, the surfaces of which differ in hardness, provided with f elements weldably united to the surface o lesser hardness, the entire. structure being homogeneous. 4 A

2. A plate of metal, the surfaces of which have a different degree of hardness, series of bolts projecting rearward from the surface which is of lesser hardness and integrally united thereto by electric welds, thereby forming a, homogeneous structure.

3. A metal plate th front of -which is harder than its back, a fastening element -therefor having an end ada ted to be weldably united to the back, sai end having its portion for union 'with the back laterally expanded with an extremity of reduced cross j and State of j'

Images