US1025485A - Centrifugal drier. - Google Patents

Description

A. R, SBLDEN. GENTRIFUGAL DRE APPLICATION FILED APR 12,1'5'1) l I l A. R.' SELDEN.

GENTRIPUGAL DRIBR.

APPLIGATIONTILEI APR. 17, 1911.

Patented May 7. 1912.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

my W

MMF/L (J A. R. SELDEN GENTBIEUGAL DEU-ER. APELNATION ULEB APR.17,1911.

Patented May '7, 1912.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Figo;

l n Q@ mu, m www.

A. R. SELDEN.

GENTRIPUGAL DRIER. APPLIUATION FILED APR.17,1911.

1,025,485. Patented May?, 1912.

5 SHEETS-SHBET 4.

( nsmcmrg Y m f6. Spam A.. R. SELDEN GENTRIPUGAL DRIER,

APPLICATION FILED APR.17,1911.

1,025,485. v Patented May '2, 1912.

Fo 5 5 SHEETS-SHEET 5,

A 1" i ai 65 4] j /r//26` I G 25 4a :3g l :Lm V il O 'I7- y Wmum s Hmwnnmm (g. Uf M m 0 SMM JM mi l @jme/@Www UNITED srarpsagriinr oniuoii.

ARTHUR R. SELDEN, 6F ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

CENTRIFUG-AL DRIER.

[o au whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR R. Sanoma a citizen of the United States, and resident of Rochester, in the county of Monroeand State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Centrif` ugal Driers, of which the following is a specification.1 v K This invention relates to centrifugai drying machines of the type in which the inaterial to be separated orl dried may be introduced continuously without interrupting the rotation of the machine, so als-to save the 'time usually consumed in stopping, recharging and starting the machine.

One object lof the present invention is to produce a machine of the type in question in which the moving parts of the basket by which the material is` continuously discharged therefrom, are of simple and rigid construction and efficient in operation.

Another object of the invention is to pro vide for t-heautoinatic clearingy of the fluidpassages or interstices in the foraminiferous drums employed in connection with the basket, and a third object of the invention is to provide'forthe eticient collection' and removal of the solid material from the oasing of the machine.

Further objects of the invention, 'and/the-f features of construction and operation by which these several objects are/attained, will be set forth in conneetionwith the following description` of the illustrated embodiment of thefnvention. n

In the accompanying. drawings Figure 1 is a plan-view of a centrifugal machine embodying theA present invention, with parts removed to show the interior.constllction; Fig. 2 is a side-,elevation oyf the vmachine of Fig. l, shown partly in se tion on the line 2 2 in the latterigure;V ig. 3 is a planview, on a largerscale, offai-portion of the basket, a part ofthe gure being in horizontal section; Fig. 4 is a vertical section, on a still larger scaleon `theline 4 4- in Figs. Sand v5; Fig. 5 is ahorizontalsection on the line 5`-5'invFig. a; Fig. 6 is a detailviewv of one off the inclined gratings, seen vin a directionfnorinaltovtliegupper surface of the gratingyFig; 7 'is a section-onthe line 7-x in Fig; 6, looking from right to left in the latteitiigure; Fig. 8-is a`detail- View, showing' the connection between certain portions of Athestructure. illustrated in Fig. et, looking downward; and Fig, 9 is a Specification of Letters Patent. Application ined April, 17,

Patented May 7, 1,912. 1911. semina. 621,715.

plan-view showing Vthe means for holding the worm against rotation.

The illustrated embodiment of the invention is a machine adapted `particularly for operating upon mixtures of liquid a'nd coml minuted solid material, and operates to separate the liquid from the solid material and to deliver the latter in a dry, oi substantially dry, condition.

The illustrated machine consists, broadly speaking, ina basket which rotates about a vertical axis, and a casing which incloses the basket and acts as a receptacle for the material discharged therefrom. `This general arrangement is common in machines of the kind in question. The basket is supported upon, and rotated by, a vertical shaft 11 which is provided, at its upper end, with a pulley 12 through which it may be connected with any suitable source of power. As shown particularly in Fig. 2, the basket is provided with a frame-work comprising a central portion or hub 13 which is keyed uponl the shaft 11. This huh carries a horizontal circular base-plate 14; upon which a series of uprights 15 are fixed. The upper ends of the uprights are connected by aring 16, which supports them against centrifugal action. The uprights are further supported 'and held in place byV means of bolts 17, of `which the upper and lower ends are provided with nuts engaging', respectively, the upper ends of the uprights and theffgegiphery of the plate 14, and these bolts, at their middle portions, bear against saddles 18 integral with thefuprights.

The material to be dried, when first fed into the basket, falls upon the curvedupper surface ofthe hub'l, and is dischar ed thence, by centrifugal action and gravity, upon a series of inclined `gratings which constitute the outer Vportion of the bottom of the basket. Each of these gratings, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7, comprises al @ries of. round metal bars 19. lrhese bars are supported upon a frame-work comprising side-members 21 and Vcross-in en'ibers 22 casi; .integral therewith. The bars are. riveted uponthe cross-members, and. vare placed close .together so that there are no ap arent yopenings between them. -Owin -to t eminnte Iirregularitiesin the sur 'aces o-the of liquid, .although Seid materiel' 30 i I cate the'bearings of the drums,v and since is eifectually prevented from passingV between'the bars. The vgratingsare supported upon bracket-shaped members-Qwvhich are. fixed to the base-plate' 1,4.l .The centrifugal action causes the solid material to slideou't# .fwardly and upwardly upon the 'gratings i struction `is shown particularly in Figs. 4

and in this manner .into engagement With means hereinbefore briefly referred to,

vvwhichthe vsolid material is gradua-lly" trans ferred' to, and permitted to Aescape from, .the

the material isbroug the transferring periphery of the basket. These means comprise a series of drums, of which 'the conand 5. The periphery o1 each drum consists of bars 24, of prismatic orm,which are :ir- Iranged as the elements oi e, cylinder,r and are seated at-theirend's in annular grooves' in bars by means ci?v through-bo'ltsQ. Each' a block 28 to which it is pinned,andthe two heads or end-plates 25.' The end-plates are drawn together and caused to clamp the drum is mounted to turnreely upon-a shattl 27 The shaft is provided, at each end,-`With blocksare gseatedin slotsfin the uprights 15,` as shown in Figs. 2 and` 3. The blocksare secured in place by means of A'Wedges 29 l n. level With the axes of the drums.

dri-ven into .verticald openings in the up- ;rights, and thus the shaftsare'held against rotation. Since it is inconvenient to llubrithese are more or less moistened 'by uthe water or other hquld constituting ac'onstitu-` ent of the material to be separated, the

drums are providedv with bearmg'bushings 320i suitable niateriahsuch as wood impregnnted of which one removedin Fig. 1. This cover has ei hat top 36' with afwidecentral opening to receive the shaft l-l.

The material is fedinto the` machine through` two 'feed-chutes" 2i? whicl'i' are mounted in the cover and arranged4 to dis- 'charge the material. 'near' the center of the basketj as shown 1n Fig-*2. In ordery that 4the .li p1id and the solid constituents of the.

material1 may bc s'epurzltely 'collected in dif#V fercntparts of the ensing,`the basket is pro-- vided with certain guides to catch 'and direct tbesojconstituents respectively.` i lieneah cach drum', amlfoutsule olf tho-corre-. spending grat-ing, is .a curved,` guide mounted yon the'f buseuliite' lhfwliich 'acta tocntch the liquid .which isfforeud through i the gratiugs'by' centrifugal :ie-thm, and thus- `After being arrested liquid;fn ll s into' 'the bottom oftheca'sing,1

by through an outletopening with, parallinor otherhsolid lubri cunt. these bearings being' seated 'in sleeves such liquid is-prevented from engaging and .passingthroughthe drum. Fromthe outer extremitieslo the projected, by. centri zontnlA direction'` againstthe inner surface of thef lower portion i against this surface the and' is discharged 39.' Atithe juncture of each pair 'of drums a4 curved,".channel'shaped vguide 41 'extends upwardly,'nclosing'the inner;` edges of' the heads 'of the "drums, and thus material from `passin betweent the drums.' end, tonne of the brackets 23,- and, at' 'its 'upper end,- to;the.u`prights 15. The bais24 some extent'the sliding of theA material over the surface ofrthedrum and also as rec'epf tacles for the collection of liquid. The bars close todgether, but minute 'interstices' are provide preif'ented from so doing.

end-pieces 43 (Figs. y 'sleeve 44., .This'sleeve is mounted upon they means of a pin 46 passing throughthe shaft and the sleeve.

vclined plate y45@ actsto cate li interior of he Aand this liquid ythe platelli, being discharged centri ugally from the lower-edge `of rum by'A centrifugal' action,

edge of th'e part 3 3 This 'topi-event thedicharge o f li faces' 47 ofthe bars areso arrangedithgu. at

outwardly between 'the 'bars-by centrifugal 38 f of 'the casing.

42,and thesegrooves -actboth' to retard to' 5 between'the bars by'slightly roughenlngtheir contacting surfacesk in any con- I f Withineach ldrum is a' guide comprising' 4 and) connected bya shaft 27, being fixed against` rotation' by fof preventing e; endsofl Thisg-ui e is fixed', at lts lower 24, like the'rods of the ,grat1ng, are placed vement .1nenner, so'that'the'lquid can pass. between' the bars While the solidlm'aterial is 4 At their'oute'r portions the enddnemb'ers I13 arevl yconnected an .in- The? guide just described 1 uid which is forced tothe l .105, is directed downwardly this plate at 'a' point substantially1below,v the upper' of the casing ,Fromfthefud' lower edge of the plate 45 the liquid is discharged against the' bars of the drum-which- 1'- are 'at the time inthe outermc'istvpositi'on`,v andthe liquid thenpasses reversely.betweeny these bars andthenceintothe'casing.

reverse flow of f theliquidbetween 'the hars hasftbel importantfadvanta e that it'causos the liquid to wash out from etvveen the bars l any minute 'particles of material which may havei lo dgedjin'the spaces between the bars and which wouldotherwise clog 4these spaces. The prismatic form of the bar'sis employed uidA from the. 4upper portion of the drum, \v 1ereit'lnight .mingle i with [the solid, 'material dischargedfrom vthe ljmslget. lheinclined inner sur-v Ath o iipperportion of the: drum-any liquid reef :mauung yon these surfaces is not thrown" to assume an-inclination in which the liqvuid will be thrown upwardly Vand outwardly upon these surfaces. Atthis point, therefore a guide 48 Vis provided, the upper edge of'this guide being so located that it will catch all liquid discharged from the drum through the action just described. The lower edge vof the guide 48 extends below the upper edge of the lower portion 33 of the casing, so that the liquid, when discharged preferably used in duplicate,

from thelower edge of the guide, is caught by this portion of the casing. Each guide 48 is provided witharms 49 by which it is fixed to the upright 15, and the lower por tion of'the guideisconnected, by bent rods 51, witlrlugs on the uprights.

The drums are rotated outwardly upon the shafts27 by means which will be presently described, so that the solid material resting upon their surfaces is gradually carried .upward and outward to points near the tops of the drums, where the centri ugal force overcomes the friction of the material a ainst the jdrumsand the material is thus t rown horizontally frointhe drums.

The materialso` discharged 'strikes against the inncrfsurface vof the coverpo'rtion 35 of the casing,- and then falls down into the annular channel of'which the shelf or flange 34 constitutes the bot-tom. To provide for the constant' discharge of this solid material from the machine, one or more Scrapers 52 (Fig. 2) are mounted upon a ring 53, this ring being supported in horizontal-position at the top of the machine by engagement of its inner edge 'with a series of grooved rollers 54. The ring is rotated constantly by means of a raclr55 fixed to the upper surface of the ring-and engaged by pinions 56. These pinions aretixed on shafts 57 journaled in housings 66 iixed to the top of the casing, and the shafts are rotated by means of pulleys 58, by whichthey are connected with' any suitable source or' power. The driving mechanisms just described are but a single mechanism may be used for the same purpose. By the rotation ofthe ring the scraper 52 .iscauscd to traverse the'inner surface of the cover such surface have adhered pushing the material. along theshelf 34 until it 'reaches one of a series of peripheral outlets 61, -`throu h which the material is discharged from t e casing into any suitable receptacle. A bell-shaped guard59 depends from the top Yofjhecasing to-protect the 35, thus scraping Afrom any solid material whichunay thereto and at the same time mechanism by which the scraper 52 is actu-W ated.

To produce or control the rotation of the drums, the following means are employed. The drums are geared together nlpairs, as shown in Fig. 3, by means of miter-gears 65 formed on the heads 25. One drum of each pair is providedalso with a gear 66 on its opposite head, which meshes with one of a -series of pinions 67, fixed en vertical shafts journaled in sleeves 68 -iixed to the baseplate 14. At their lower ends these shaftsV carry bevel-gears 69 which mesh with gears 70 (Fig. V2). Each gear 70 is fixed on a shaft 71 journaled in bearings depending from the base-plate, and at its inner end each shaft 7l carries a worm-gear 72;. The worm-gears all mesh with a single worm 62, which is journaled loosely upon the shaft ll. To prevent the worm from rotating, while at the same time permitting. free lateral movements of the worm witli the shaft,

the worm is provided with anarm 63 fixedV thereto, and the outer end of this arm is connected with a link 64, which is pivoted to a lug 65 upon the inner surface ofthe casing. As the basket'rotates the worm-wheels 72 are carriedaround the -wor-m, whilethe latter is fixed against rotation, and-thus the worm-wheels arer'otatedvand, through the gearing just described, a constant slow upward and outward rotation is produced in -the drums, wherebythe solid material is carried upwardly and outwardly as before described. Owing to the centrifugal action of the material in contact with the drums this rotation is assisted, so that the gearing may operate rather as a retarding means to control the rotation thanas a positive means forv producing such rotation. i

The step-bearing for the basket is illus#y trated particularly in Fig. 2. 'The upper end oit the shaft ll is supported, in the usual manner, in a bearing adapted to permit lateral movement of the lower4 portion of the shaft. To this end the shaft rotates in a sleeve 73, which has a spherical outer surface embraced in a bearing-member 74 ot' corresponding' form. The sleeve is prevented 'from rotating by means of. a screw 7 5 engaging a slot in the sleeve. The lower end of the shaft is fixed inrv av spherical bear-.-

ing-member 76, which is4 seatedginV arecess"V of corresponding Yiornrin'fabearing-block 7 7. Relativerotation of these parts is pre-'- vented by a screw 8O engaging a slot in thebearing-member 76. The'bl'ock 7-7 is fixed in a shoe V78, which `has a downwardly-convexspherical surface resting=in a concave seat-7 9 of corresponding form. This seat 79 is mounted on 'the upper endof astem 8l, and this stem is -fheldin ball-bearings of ordinary form. When the.' shaft and the basket rotate, all of the parts just described rotate together, there being no relative i used, when desirable, to dryT the solid matel 43a basket, which'tcnds vto produce a constant 60 fined in the-succeeding claiitis.

. 65A bination, a rotary basket provided with an 'movement of. rotation or revolution between ,them. -The rotation of the. seat 79 and its iystemis produced by the'frictional engageyilinent of the shoe 7 8. In' case the center of lgravity ofthe basket is disturbed by a pre onderance of material on one side or the other, the basketatonee assumes the position in Whichl itcan rotate about its center ofgravity,the vnecessary movement being 10 permitted by the shoe ,78 and its seat 79, 'L' owing to the fact that V'the shoe is free to move laterally. in the seat. This movement is limited', however, by a pin 82'on'the shoe depending into acorresponding recessin the unseat. Duringxthis adjusting'movement the' necessary angular movement ot' the shoe Jupon the shaft is permitted by the lball-andsock'et joint between these parts.

In order that the present machine may be rialr passed'. therethrough moref completely v than can be `done by centrifugalaction alone,

the machine is provided with :means for fl-subjecting' t-he'materialto a blast ofl hot air, or othergas" or vapor". To this end a vcircula-r pipe -83 is mounted Within the basket, .this ,pipe`-v being` provided with outwardly? directed perforationsf and being supported andjf'fed .through 'pipes 84 extending'up- -s0 Wardly throu h theftop of the casing. The .draft-f throng the` endet-openings `in th'epipe 83 impingcs upon the material on the surfaces of the druinsgVand this draft isassisted `by the centrifugal action of the outward flowjot air' through the drums. The air and vapor finally -issue through the outlet-opening 61,or the drainage-opening '39, whilea constant indraft-ofair occurs in 4'0 the opeliin'gin the cover through which the shaft enters.- By the use of heated air, or "'.superheated steam, the. imiterial4 may .be deliveredin'a dry, or substantially dry, con- .dit-ion. -J i 4 My invention is not liinitddto. the embodi nient thereof hercinbeforel described and illustrated in the g1ccornpallyingf drawings, l butlmay'. be 'embodied in vaioushfdrms within the 'na-ture ofthe i'nven ion, asf it is de- -l` claim `\'\`A- 1. A centrifugal imlchineihavingg in com- 'b naton, ay rotary basket provided with a rotatable transferring member having a surface against which the material 'inf the basket ish'eldby centrifugal torce when 'the basket is rotated, said. surface being mfvable, while the basket rotates, iirst upward y l and then-outwardl-y so as to transfer contents" of the basket from the interior the pmiphery thereof, and mechanism for rotating the' basket and, for controlling the movement ofthe transferringr member. -v

2. A centrifugal machineihaving, in comwardlyy and outwardly.

f l.,l v y *1,025,485

upwardly and outwardly-inclined bottom and with transferring members adjacent its periphery, said members having surfaces against Whichthe material in the basketisheld by centrifugal force when the basket is rotated, said surfaces being movable, while the basket rotates, ina direction transverse to thedirect-ion of said rotation, so as to transfer the contents of the basket from' the bottom the-rect` toa point of delivery ati'the periphery, and mechanism for rotating the basket and for controlling` the'movement of the transferring members.

3. In a centrifugal machine, a rotary basket provided with .an annular series of bination,ja basket rotatable, as afwhole,

about a vertical axis and provided witha plu ralityof foraminlferous drums independently rotatable about horizontal axes and.-

Wit-h a bottom terminating" adjacentthe drums and substantially above the 'bottoms thereof, and means for rotating the basket about itsvertic'al axis and for rotatingthe drums about their said axes in a. direction to cause their inner. portions to move up-V wardly and outwardly.

6. AV 'centrifugal machine having, Ain combination, a basket rotatable, as a whole, about a vertical axis and providedwith a plurality of foraminiferous drums independently ro-` tat-able about horizontal aries 'and with an' outwardlyand upwardlynciined bottom terminating adjacent the drums' and f sub stantially above the bottoms thercohuand meansffor' rotatingr the basket aboutits vertical -z Xis and forrotating the drums about theirsaid axesin a direction'to cause their inner portions tomoveupwardiy and outwardly* 7. A centrifugal machine having, in com- .bination, a basket rotatable, as a Whole,

about avertica'l axis and provided with .a

plurality of foraminiferous drums independently rotatable'about horizontal axes and with an outwardlyand upwardly-inclmcd fora mm1 ferons. bottom terminating' adiacentto" cause their inner `portions lo more upi rau 8. A centrifugal machine having, in com- /bination, a basket rotatable, as a whole,

about a vertical axis and'pr'ovided with a plurality of drums journaled to rotate independently about horizontal. axes, each drum comprising parallel bars separated by minute passages, and means for rotating the basket about its vertical axis and for rotatingthe drums about their horizontal axes.

9. A centrifugal machine having, in com?"` bination, a basket provided with a plurality of rotatable drums, eachdrum comprising. parallel bars with 'minute passages betweenH Vadjacent bars and the adjacent outer angles..l of the bars being cut away to form parallel.' grooves in the outer surface of the 'drum,

and means for rotating theflb'sketgas a whole, and for independently otating the I at the outer surf:-

l about their'akes Y 'soy drums about their axes,-

10. A centrifugal viii'ichine having, in combination a basket proyided :with a plurality of drums, each -driunl'comprising parallel bars'of prismati placed close together e 'ff-thedrum sov as to form minute passages between the bars, and means for-rotating thebasket, as a whole, and for independentl rotating the drums 11. A centrifugal machine having, in combinationga basketlrotatable, as a whole, about a vertical axisfrd' provided 'with 'a plu lses 4be discharged centiifugally through and rality of foraminferousdrums rotatable independently about their axes so as to transy fer solid material from a point-within the basket to a point of centrifugal discharge,

veach drumbeing provided, within itself, with meansA for deilecting liquid passing to the interior orf the drum, to cause such liquid to 'from the 'the drum at a different level from .the `point of discharge of the solid material, 4

means for separately receivin and collecting thesolid and liquid material discharged Erisingparallel barswith minute passages @tween them vfor liquid, the barshaving 1nl ner inclined deflect-ing surfaces arranged to direct liquid enteringthe drum through said passages to a point elow said oint of oentrifuga-l discharge for the so id material,

whereby the liquid is discharged oentrifu gally in a reverse direction through said passages at a lower level, stationary means for separately receiving and collectin the solid materialand the liquid discharge from the basket, and. means for rotating the basket about its vertical axis and for indelpeden`,tljy'.

rotating the drums about theirA axes. i

13. Acentrifugal machine having, in

bination, a basket rotatable, asl a. wh about a vertical' axis and rovidedlwi! plurality' of foraminiferous' ruins indeped ently zrotatable about horizontal axesfth, drums rotati'n in a directionto transfer;

solid materialA fom a oint withinthe tota point ofceritri uga'l dischaigpat the tops of theidrum's while the liquid separated from the solid material passes to the interior of the drums through theirforaminiferous surfaces, and a ard located within-1each drum and adapte -todeflect' suchliqui'df to a pointat a lower levelthanz the pointof dis-,

charge of the solid materiahso as tov permit the liquid to pass again, ina reverse direction, through the foralniniferous surface tof the exterior of thedruin' and tobe discharged thence centrifngally' at a` lower level-than the point of discharge'of thefslid material, stationary means for separately receivin' 4and collecting the solid material and thequid discharged from the basket, andmeans for rotating the basket, as a whole, about its vertical axis and for independently rotating the drums about their horizontalaxes.

' 14. A centrifugal machine having, in coml bination, a basket rotatable', as a whole,`

about a vertical axis, thebasket having a plurality of forarniniferous drums-inde'pend-z ently rotatable about horizontal axes, .and a' bottom comprising substantially radial bars placed close together with minute interstices between, the bars, and means for rotating the basket about its vertical axis and for rotat ing the drumsabout their horizontalaxes.

, 15. A centrifugal machine having, in com'- bination, a basket rotatable, as a. whole, about-a vertical axis,.the basket having a.

pluralityof foraminiferous drums independoutwardlyand upwardly-inclined..

11o ently rotatable about horizontal axes, ri-,ane

terminating adjacent the drums and-.corniprising substantially radialbars placed closel togetherl with minute interstices between the bars, and means for rotating the basket about its verticallaxis and for rotating the drums about their horizontal axes. I

v ARTHUR R. SELDEN.

Witnesses: y

' D. Gomme,

' L. THON.'

iis

Images