US1022647A - Steam-boiler structure. - Google Patents

Description

H. H. TRACY & H. E. BOYRIE.

STEAM BOILER STRUCTURE. APPLIOATION FIL ED JUNE 12, 1911.

1,022,641 Patented Apr. 9, 1912.

3 BHEETS-SHEET 1.

m wnms H. H. TRACY & H. E. BOYRIE.

STEAM BOILER STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12, 1911.

1922347, 1 Patented Apr. 9, 1912.

.3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

L I H,

WITNESSES:

H. H..TRA.0Y & H. E. BOYRIE. STEAM BOILER STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12, 1911.

1,022,647. Patented Apr.9,1912

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

INVENTOHS:

' niarrn ea nor HAYDEN HOMER TRACY, OF BERKELEY, AND HARRY EUGENE BOYRIE, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA STEAM-BOILER STRUCTURE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 9,1912.

Application filed June 12, 1911. Serial No. 832,731.

To uZZ whom it may 0012. ccrngases from kilns in cement plants, no'satis:

Be it known that we, HAYDEN Henna factory results have been obtained, for the Tnaor, a citizen of the United States, andresident of Berkeley, in the county of Alameda and State of California, and T'IARRY Euen'sn BOYRIE, a citizen of the United .States, and resident of the city of San Francisco, in the county of San Francisco and State of California, have jointly invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Boiler Structures, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates more particularly to aclass of steam boilers which may employ multiple series'of water-tubes, some of the rows of which will be used as economizers, others for steam-raising, and a third series as a stcam-superheater, and the present improvements are conveniently adapted to installations in connection with kilns for manufacture of Portland cement, lime, and the like, and simllar drying or inciuerating plants liable to give off a quantity of uncone sumable fine dust with the products of combustion in such manner that this dust-bemg carried along by the gases-finds lodgment and accumulates upon the heating surfaces of the boiler to the detriment of its continuous efficiency. The general structure involved in our invention, however, is intended for and applicable to the utilizationfor increased steam productionof the Waste heat, such as that usually lost-say in a cement kiln,-by radiation through the shell of the rotary kiln proper,in that remaining in the material discharged at its lower end, and also in the gases finding escape at the .upper end. For instance, it is found according to present practice, that from "90 to i 110 pounds of pulverized coal (or about 15 reason that a large amount of very fincand settles: on all surfaces with which it unless dislodged frequently, 1t will pile up coatings several,

comes in Contact;

inches thick. Hence, while the employment of boilers to produce steam by the absorption of the heat in waste gases in some instances has been satisfactory for a short time, the heating surfaces of such boilers have always suffered from accumulation of dust to such an extent that eventually the heat radiation becomes defective, the performance of the boiler unsatisfactory, and the economical efiort rendered abortive.

The objectof our invention is not only to insure the utilization of this waste heat in such channels that it will be devoted to the generation of steam, either by itself, or augmented by extra fires or jets, if desired, but also to produce a boiler structure where waste heat is made to act with its fullestdegree of efiiciency upon tubes installed as well for super-heating, as for others arranged for steam-raising and economizing.

The production of extra power for single or diveise purposes in a manufacturing plant, without of necessity using additional fuel, and the consequent reduction in cost of manufacture of such commodities as.

and assembled for performing all, or any two of these operations) may be continuously and automatically cleaned and preserved from accumulations of dust, with the minimum of expense and maximum of cfiiout.

the front end of the .boiler convenient employment of such desirable adjuncts as high-level water and'steam drums in connection with the steam-main and with cross-headers, pluralities of vertical watertubes and suitable lower drums in the general circulation,'efiicient tube-scraping de.

vices, conveying mechanism, induced draft appliances, and steam and smoke distributers or conduits,'is made possible with the greatest degree of economy in first cost and subsequent care and utilization of the plant.

l/Ve will first describe a complete boiler structure such as we contemplate using in connection with a rotary cement kiln, explain its operation in practice, and then point out the novel features and arrangements claimed. l

For full comprehension of our invention, reference must be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification, andto the following detailed description thereof, similar characters of reference being employed to indicate like In said drawings: Figure l is a side elevation, with parts in section, of a complete installation embodying our invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan v1ew..'F1g. 3 1s a cross-sectional elevation on line 3, 3, Fig. 2.

Figs. 4 and 5 are enlarged ldetail views.

of the top-headers an scraping devices. Figs. 6 and 7 are similar details of the bottom headers.

Th 11 imeral 1 indicates the upper portion of an ordinary'rotary cement kiln, from which e gas is discharged. into the usual brick flu 2 upon which has heretofore been mounted a stack 3, this stack being now out of employment for general operative purposes in connection with the rest of our im 1 proved structure, and is only shown to illustrate how the essential features of the lat; ter may be readily incorporated with existing installations, or how such stack can' remain as an auxiliary to be brought into service during repairs or closing off of the.

allied appliances.

6 is a passage leading from the flue 2 into an adjoining auxiliary chamber 30, preferablyalso of brick, which is open at its opposite side andin free communication with roper 5 )Vlllll is supported on frame W01( 4. above the 'kiln, and is of a special construction to be hereinafter more particularly described.

The gases pass from said flue .2- into the boiler by the passage 6 which is of sufiicicnt dimensions to properly accon'nnodate all of the gases arising from the kiln 1'.

7 indicates (in dotted lines Fig. 1) an arch which we build mat the top of the flue 2 whenthe stack 3 is abandoned or finally closed oif, to prevent the gases escapparts throughing to the atmosphere; but, instead of arch an adjustable orslidable horizontal damper may be used, if it is preferredto boiler 5, and having their water-spaces connected by vertical clrculating conduits or stand-pipes 9 to longitudinal, water-circu-' lating drums l0, exteriorlyof the boiler casing. Lower headers 11 are connected to these drums 10 by nipples 12, while upper headers 13 are connected to the steam spaces (above the water-level) of the steam drums 8 by nipples 14. The water tubes 15 connect the upper and lower headers, and these tubes are maintained clean and free from dust by scraping-devices 16 consisting of sectional'sleeves surrounding the tubes, and cutting-edges loosely contacting same, which devices rise and fall through the movement of connecting chains 17, passing over sheaves 47, and these latter, by means of bevel gears 18 cast or'fiXed on their faces, and bevel pinions 1%- are-driven from longitudinal shafts 20, each having fixed on its end a bevel wheel 21 adapted to be operatively connected with either of two oppositely-directed bevel pinions 22 on a transverse shaft 23, rotated by bevel wheels 24 meshing with bevel wheels 25 on separate short shafts 26, rotated, and the whole caused to reverse automatically, by any suitable connection to the engine 32, or other source of power. The chains 17 pass from the sheaves 4:7 to connection with the scraping devices 16, through channels 17 formed in the front and rear walls of the top headem 13, as shown in Figs. 3, a, and '5, our beneficial arrangement of heating, superheating, and economizing tubes close together in sections in the same longitudinal plans, being thus permitted while the full benefit is derived from the use of scrapers upon all of the tubes in the system, instead of the limitation to such. use imposed by constructions at, present known. scrapers and reversible'gearing are used in Whatis known in commerce, as fuel-economizers and in themselves are not claimed by us, although by virtue of our special construction we are enabled to use scrapers with mechanical convenience and advantage.

upon all of' the water andsteam heating tubes throughout the.entire system.)

Tlhereis lan upper headergliw and a lower (Similar duits 8", as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

header 11 for each transversely-arranged row of tubes 15, whether in the super-- heater, steam-raising, or economizer sections of the boiler, an equal plurality of the nipples 14 bein employed to connect the ends of the upper headers of the steam-raising section 5 to the steam-spaces of the highlevel steam drums 8, 8, and a corresponding plurality of the nipples 12 to connect the ends of the lower headers of this section 5" to the longitudinally-arranged water-circulating drums 10, 10.

The upper-headers 13 need have no spaces between them other than the channels I? for the scraper-chains. Ve have shown these headers close together in Figs. 1 and 2, and with slight intervening spaces in Figs. 4 and 5. The lower-headers 11, however, must have spaces 11 between them, shown in Figs. 6 and 7, to permit of the free gravitation of the scrapings from the tubes 1:) to the receptacle 34.

The feed-water inlet to the economizer section 5 is marked 5, in Fig. 2, and the headers (both upper and lower) are linked at their outer ends by curved pipes 28 which afford a continuous circulation through the headers and the connected vertical tubes 15,

and thence, by the medium of a longer pipe 29, the water is led into the adjacent end of one of the circula-tingdrums l0.

Connection is made between the elevated steam drums 8 and the superheater-section 5 of the boiler, by means of steam-conduits 8 extending from the upper portions or steam-spaces of the drums to the top-headers of the super-heater, one to'the front and the other to the rear, as seen in Fig. 2, and the superheated steam is finally led off to a steam-main L, through valve-controll'ed'con- 8 is a flooding-valve-connection for conveying water to the superheater to prevent burning out when the tubes are dry at the commencement of the operation of the boiler. It extends between the water-space of one of the elevated drums .8, and the top-headers of the superheater. The superheater-section 5 is preferably made up of two sub-sections, as shown in Fig. 2, and in which each of the tube-rows is provided with top-headers of'- similar construction to those in the steamraising and economizer sections; the lower ends of the superheater tubes areconnected in pairs from front to rear by separate crossboxes 8, extending 'from the tubes in one row to the second .row ofthe sam'e subsection, and have no'di-rect connection with the longitudinal water-circulating drums 10.-

31 is an induced-draft fan, of any approved type, in, open communication. with that end of thej' main boiler casing which contains the economizer 5, and also with the smoke-stack 33 which is now placed at this end, such fan being driven by an engine 32,

' operated by steam from the steam-main L,

or by an electric or other motor, if desired.

A receptacle 3 1. extends underneath the boiler :t'or practically its entire length so as to receive the dust detached by the scrapers from the tubes of all of the different sections above, and a suitable conveyer 35 travelslcngitudinally in this receptacle and delivers the dust and scrapings to a cross-coir veyer 36 for re-using or final disposal, all of which mechanism is constructed and driven in any approved manner.

The lower part of the auxiliary her 230 has a manhole opening provided with a normally-closed door 30, and through this 'may be introduced a supplementary heating medium, as a et of Oll or gas, through the nozzle 30, (or coal and a grate might be used) to raise the temperature of and augment the waste gases before they enter the boiler; or even in case the kiln should be out of operation below, and steam has to be made, our general structure is such that same could be done by these auxiliary means alone, if amplified and designed for that purpose, it being apparent that the main features of our construction are capable of producing highly useful results in several directions, apart from the arbitrary use of the waste heat and gases from a cement kiln.

Vhile the operation and useful results of our invention will be readily understood and appreciated by those skilled in the art, from the foregoing, we may call attention to. the conditions whereby the hot waste gases passing from the k ln 1 through the main flue 2 and passage 6 into the auxiliary chamber 30, and thence into the front end of the boiler, first meet the superheating instrumentalities 5 and impart their greatest heat thereto,

raising the temperature of the steam passing large portion of their heat having been absorbed by the preceding instrumentalitiesnow enter the coolest section-that .of the economize r 5,a'nd are drawn into the fan 31 and thence discharged into the smokestack 83 in connection thereWit h,'such fan having induced the draft from the beginning of, and allthrough-the operation, and the scrapers 16 having kept; all of the tubes in all of the sectionsclear of dust accumulation, leaving their heating surfaces clean and in condition to receive t-lie greatest benefit fromthe gases.

" The'water circulation is iii the opposite -iil160lal0ll to that of the gases,,that is tosay,

gas-chamthe feed-water enters the economiper-section 5 by the inlet-pipe thence through its transverse headers and vertical tubes into 'one of the longitudinal circulating-drums 10, through the nipples 12 to the lower headers 11, and thence to'the upper headers 13 by the vertical tubes 15, connections being also ,made for the wet steam with the elevated steam drums 8, 8, at the sides, by the nipples 14 entering the steam spaces thereof, and by the external conduits or stand- pipes 9, 9, entering their water spaces below. The steam passes from the upper portions of the drums 8, 8, through the steam conduits 8, 8 to and, through the superheater headers. and.

. tubes, and thence by the conduits 8", 8 to the line L for use at the points. required.

While we have thus described and illustrated a combination waste-heat boiler of definite construction and arrangement suited to incorporate with a rotary cement kiln,the

whole or any appreciable unit or units thereof may be employed with advantage in the general art of steam-raising, and we do not l1nnt-ourselves to precise details either of.-

' transverse top and bottom headers, one of each for each transverse 'row'or bank of tubes, steam drums disposed longitudinally above and'exteriorly of the tubes and havingtheir steam spaces connected to the top headers water circulating drums located'at a lowerlevel outside of the boiler and connected to the bottom header, and conduits 0r pipes forming external connections between such high-level steam drums and low-level water-drums independently of the tube and header- .CirCulation'.

2. In a steam-boiler structure, the combination of a boilercomprising a plurality of vertical water-tubes disposed in' transverse rows or banks within the boiler casing, transverse top and bottom headers, one of each for each transverse row or bank of tubes, steam drumsdisposedlongitudinally above and exteriorly of the tubes and having their steam spaces connected to the top headers, water circulating drums located at .a lower level outside of the boiler and connected to the bottom headers conduits or pipes forming external connections-between such high-level stea n'i-drums andlowlevel water drums, a3 draft-inducing fan at the rear-end of the boiler serving to draw gases around the tubes and between ,thel

. and bottom by headers,

horizontally above andexteriorly of the tubes and connected to the top headers,

water-circulating drums located at a lowerlevel outside of the boiler and connected to the .bottomheaders, and conduits or pipes forming external connections between such high-level steam drums and low-level water drums.

4. In a steam-boiler structure, the combination'of a boiler comprising an external elevated steam drum, a plurality of'vertical watertubes disposed in transverse rows or ban-ks within the boiler casing,

adjoining faces) in connection with the steam drum, and recelving the.upper ends of said tubes, and bottom headers connecting said tubes with the general circulation.

a plurality of closely adjoining transverse top headers,

(having external vertical channels on their 5. Ina steam-boiler structure, the'combi nation of a steam boiler having a casing,

, said boiler comprising an external elevated steam drum, a plurality of vertical water- 'tubes disposed in transverse rows or banks 'within the boiler casing, a plurality of transverse top headers, (having external.

vertical channels on their adjoining faces), in connection with-the steam drum, and receiving the upper ends of said tubes, and. 1

bottom headers connecting said tubes with the general circulation, such pluralities of tubes and headers bein arran ed in sections with spaces between such sections and at both ends between them and the boiler casing, and said bottom-headers having open spaces between them. I p

(i. Ina boiler for utilizing the waste heat of kilns, furnaces and the like, the combination of a boiler casing having 2i source of initial heat supply at one end and discharge stack at the other, aseries of yer tical water tubes, in the casing connected at their top a steam drum outside and on each side of the casing, saiddrums having their steam spaces connected to the top headers, water circulating drums,

located at a lower-level and also outside the with the bottom casing and connected headers.

7. Ina boiler for utilizing the waste heat vof kilns, furnaces and the like, the combina-.

tion of a boiler casing having a source of initial heat supply at one end and discharge stack at the other, a series of vertical water tubes ill-the casing connected at their top and bottom by headers, a steam drum outside and on each sldeof the casing, said of kilns, furnaces and the li e, the combination of a boiler casing having a source of, initial heat supply at one end and discharge 7 stack atthe other, a series of vertical water tubes in the casing connected at their top and bottom by headers, a steam drum outside and on each side of the casing, said drums having their steam spaces connected to the top headers, water circulatlng drums, located at a lower-level and also outside the casing and connected with the bottom headers, a series of superheater vertical tubes in the casing having steam connections direct with the steam drums and independent of said first series of tubes, and a service pipe connected with said supcrheater series. t

9. The combination with a source of ini tial heat supply having a smoke stack, of a boiler casing in which is installed a series of vertical water tubes, a fire box between the smoke stack and caslng and in 'communication with both, said series of water-tubes arranged. in cohnecled series to provide first a steam superheating, second .a steam-raising sect-ion and-third an economizer section and means for circulating the fluid to be heated through said sections in reverse tothe order named.

In witness whereof, we have signed in the presence of the two subscribing witnesses.

HAYDEN HOMER TRACY. HARRY EUGENE BOYRIE. Witnesses:

' 'ROBT. A. KELLAND,

A. L. MENZIN.

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