US1013983A - Carbureter. - Google Patents

Description

P. M. BLOM.

GARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED M310, 1909.

Patented J an. 9, 1912.

INVENTOR, @amwm.

PEER MARTIN atom, or AIBO, RUSSIA, assrenoa, a r manor Am) MESNE ASSIGN- mnn'rs, or TWO-THIBDS r0 moon nat on am) own-mo 'ro mun sraaxs,

BOTH OF TOLEDO, OHIO.

Specification of Letters Petent.

Patented Jan. 9,1912.

Application filed April 10, 1909. Serial No. $89,225.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PEER MARTIN BLOM,

a citizen of Finland, and a resident of Abo,

and exact description 0 the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference bein had to the accompanyin'g,drawings, an to the figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to carburetors of the class particularly adapted for the use of either gasolene or kerosene as a fuel.

The object of my invention is the rovision of an improved and highly 'e cient carbureter of this class which is easy and simple of operation, economical'in the consumption of fuel, and capable of being readily and quickly changed to either a gasolene or a kerosene feed, and in which the exhaust from an engine is utilized to heat the air supplied to the mixing chamber and also to heat the walls of such chamber to a high temperature to facilitate'the vaporization of kerosene when used as afuel.

A further object of my invention is to provide a simple and cheap carbureter which is so constructed as to effect a thorough mixing of the air and kerosene and a thorough and eflicient vaporization of the kerosene to make a highly inflammable mixture.

The operation, construction, and arrangement of the parts of the invention are fully described in the following specification, and a preferred embodiment thereof illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which,-

Figure 1 is a top plan view of my carbureter with the upper deck removed. 2 is a central vertical section of the same on the line a: m in Fig. 3, and Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the carbureter and attached float chamber.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates the casing forming the body of the carbureter, said casing being preferably of substantially circular form. Rising from the bottom 2 of this casing within the side wall thereof in spaced relation to said wall and to each other are the partition walls 3, 4 and 5, which are shown as being of oval form with flattened end portions and concentrically arranged, but may be of any other suitable form,- and equal in height to the outer casing wall -1. These partition walls form the central carbureting and vaporizing chamber 6 for air and kerosene, the annu ar channels 7, 8 and 9, around the two former of which the fuel mixture passes after leaving the central chamber 6. The partition 3 is provided, referably on the ends and one s1de thereof, with a plurality of perforations 10 through which the fuel mixture the chamber and the partition 4 is propasses from the chamber 6 to vided at opposite sides thereof with openings 11 for the passage of the fuel between the chambers 7 and 8. The passage of the fuel through the perforations 10 causes the particles of kerosene to be broken up and atomized, this being facilitated by inclining the perforations, as shown, to cause the fuel to take a downward course in passing therethrough' The chamber -8 is divided into two compartments by partitions 12, 12, which are disposed at opposite sides thereof, each between a pair of openings 11. To batlie the fuel vapor and cause it to have a whirling action as it is discharged into the chamber 8 and passes around the same whereby to more thoroughly mix the air and kerosene vapor and break up the particles of kerosene, the sides of the openlngs 11 opposed to the associated partitions 12 are formed with outwardly projecting flanges or lips 13, as shown in Fig. 1.

Mounted on the top of the'body 1 and secured thereto by screws'14 threading into bosses 15 of said body, or in any other suitable manner, is the upper deck or cap-piece 16, which fits down closely upon the top of the casing 1' and the partition walls 3, 4 and 5. This deck or cap-plece is provided on its top with a turret-chamber 17, which is broadened transversely of the. body, prefthe partitions 12 through ports 18, 18 in its bottom, see Fig. 2. The top of this chamthe motor may be attached in any suitable manner.

The exhaust from the associated engine is communicated to the annular channel 9 of the carbureter body through. an opening 20 in one side thereof, to which suitable piping connects, thence divides and passes around the opposite portions of said channels and finds an exit from the opposite side thereof through an opening 21 in the casing, see Fig. 2. A portion of the exhaust also passes through the tubes 22, which transversely intersect the chamber 6 and channels 7 and 8 and have their ends opening into the channel 9 adjacent the openings 20 and 21, thus causing said chambers and channels to be heated both by radiant heat from the channel 9 and the pipes 22.

Secured to the under side of the bottom 2 of the carbureter body by screws 23, or in any other suitable manner, is the casing part 24, which combines with the bottom 2 to form a conduit for the passage of exhaust gases of the engine. This conduit extends transversely of the bottom 2 with its ends opening adjacent the openings 20 and 21 to enable the feed and take-01f pipes communicating, respectively, with said openings to also serve as feed and take-ofi' pipes for such conduit]- The exhaust passing through the conduit 24 serves to heat both the bottom 2 of the body 1 and the air-tubes 25, which pass through the central portion of such conduit and open communication between the atmosphere and the carbureting chamber 6, as shown.

26 designates a nozzle, which stands upright in the center of the chamber 6 to near the top thereof and has its lower end threaded in an opening in the bottom 2 of such chamber as shown in Fig. 2. The bore of this nozzle is conically reduced at its upper end, as at 27, and terminates in a re stricted discharge orifice 28. Threaded into the lower end of the nozzle 26 is a hol-' low plug 29, which has its upper end of conical .form to seatwithin the conical por tion 27 of the nozzle and has its channel 30 provided near the upper end of the plug .with a lateral outlet 31 for ejecting liquid into the space between the plug end and the nozzle wall, as shown in Fig. 2. The plug 29 projects down through an inclosed portion 32 of the conduit 24 and connects at its lower end to a pipe. 33 leading to a source of kerosene supply.- The plug 29 is threaded at its lower end through a centering or bracing member 34 having openings for the passage of air therethrough. The wall 32 vaporize the kerosene as it flows thereon I from the nozzle 26.

To enable the motor to be started by the use of gasolene the turret-chamber 17 is provided in the center thereof with a pendent chamber 37, which communicates near its upper end with a source of fuel supply through a pipe 38. The gasolene is discharged from such chamber into the turretchamber 17 through a port 39, the quantity of discharge being regulated by a cone valve 40, which is threaded through the casing of the chamber 17. Mounted for vertical movements in the chamber 37 is a piston 41, which has a stem 42 projecting downwardly therefrom through registering openings in the bottoms of the chambers 17 and 37. The lower end of the stemregisters with the upper end of the nozzle 26 and is fashioned to form a cone valve for. seating therein. The stem 42 is normally held unseated from the nozzle end due to the action'thereon of a pair of levers 43, 43, which. are fulcrumed to lugs 44 rising from the bottom of the chamber 17 and have their inner ends Weighted, as at 45. As the gasolene is turned. on and enters the chambers 37 its pressure on the piston 41 effects a lowering thereof and a consequent closing of the discharge orifice in the nozzle 26. When the gasolene is turned off .the weighted levers 43 automatically act to raise the stem 42 to uncover the nozzle orifice.

46 designates a slide valve which is adapted to be moved to close or uncover airadmission openings 47 in the wall of the chamber 17, whereby air maybe admitted to such chamber as desired.

If desired to initially heat the carburetor by other than the exhaust from the associated engine, a hydrocarbon burner 48 of anysuitable form may be tapped through the casing 24. In this burner 49, 49- desig-' nate the communicating air and oil-passages therethrough. I

50 designatesa valve closed tube, which is tapped into the casing 24 and through which matches may be inserted for igniting the gas ejected from the burner 48, and 51 designates an electric spark-plug for the same purpose.

In the operation of my invention the car.- bureter is initially heated either by the use of the hydrocarbon burner 48 or by employthe car urcting chamber 6. To employ .gasolene as a'fuel it is only necessary to open the gasolene valve, not shown, thus admitting gasolene to the chamber 37, from which it is ejected through the port 39 into the turret chamber 17, where it mixes with air taken in through the openings 47 in sulficient uant-ityand then passes to the cylinder 0? the engine. The gasolene entering the chamber 37 acts on the piston 41 to lower it whereby to seat the conical end of the attached stem 42 in the discharge 'o'rifice of the kerosene nozzle 26 so as to prevent a discharge of kerosene from such nozzle should it be turned on. The carbureter having become heated to the desired' temperature, the kerosene is turned on so that when the gasolene is turnedoff the nozzle 26 wlll ,be automatically opened to permit the .in-

, carbureting chamber 6 through the heated air tubes 25 commingles with the kerosene thus vaporized in said chamber and passes therewith through the perforations 10 into the channel 7, around which it passes and finds an exit therefrom into the channel 8 through the openings 11. LThe mixture then divides and passes in opposite directions around the channel 8 and then enters the chamber 17 through the o enings 18,18 provided in its bottom. The passing of the fuel throughthe perforations 10 andaround the channels 7 and 8 and past-the 1i s 13 in said latter channel causes the particles of kerosene to be thoroughly broken up and vaporized before reaching the chamber. 17, from whence it passes to the engine. The manner employed for utilizing the exhaust to heat the carbureter is quite an important feature, as by causing a portion of the exhaust to pass around the channel 9, a portion through the tubes 22 which intersect the chamber 6 and channels 7 and 8, and a portion to pass beneath the vaporizing chambers and channelsthrough the conduit 24, it is apparent that the walls of these several chambers and channels are quite highly heated, thus effecting a thorough vaporization of the kerosene.

I wish it understood that my invention is I not limited to any specific construction or arrangement of the parts except in so far as such limitations are specified in the claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is,

1. In a carbureter, a 'carbureting chamber,

and outlet chamber, a pluralit of walls surrounding the carbureting c amber in s aced relation thereto and to each other, t e spaces between the walls bei in communicationv with each other and with the carbureting and outlet chambers, and passages through the carbureting chamber for the exhaust from an engine.

2. In a' carbureter, an initial carbureting chamber, passages around through and below said c amber for exhaust gases from an engine, and air-tubes leading to said carburetin -chamber from the atmosphere and heated y'such exhaust. Y

3. In a carbureter, a carbureting chamber,

means for injecting fuel therein, air-tubes leadin to such chamber, channels arranged aroun such chamber and in communication therewith, and means for directing the exhaust from an en e around said air-tubes and around said chiiinber and channels.

4. In a carbureter, a casing having a central chamber and annular passages therearound, saidchamber and a portion of said passages being intercommunicating, conduits for directing exhaust gasesaround the outer of said passages and through said passages and chamber and under-the same, tubes heated by said exhaust for the passage of air from the atmosphere to said chamber,

and means for injecting the liquid fuel into a said chamber.-

'5. In a carbureter, a body having a carbureting-chamber therein, a chamber above said body, means for adm'ittin air to said carburetin -chamber, means or injecting liquid fue into said chamber, means for causing the fuel mixture to have a circuitous course in passin from said carburetingchamber to said at er chamber, and conduits provided through and around said carbureting-chamber for the passage of exhaust gases.

6. In a carbureter, a body divided .by partitions into a carbureting-chamber and a plurality of surrounding passages, said passages being intercommunicating and the wall between the chamber and inner passage being perforated, an outlet-chamber in communlcation with the outer of said assages,

means for discharging liquid fuel into said chamber, air-tubesleadin to said chamber, and conduits around an below said passages for the passage of exhaust gases for heating said partitions andtubes.

7. In a carbureter, a carburet-ing-cha n- 1 her, an outlet-chamber, a circuitous passage between said carbureting-chamberand outlet chamber, and tubes extending through said carbureting-chamber for the passage of the exhaust from an engine.

8. In a carbureter, a carbureting-chamber, an outlet-chamber, a circuitous passage between said carbureting-chamber and outletchamber, and conduits extending through and around said, carbureting-chamber and passages for the-passage of the exhaust from an engine.

9. In a carburetor, a body part having a plurality of partitions dividing said part, into a carbureting-chamber and a plurality of surrounding passages, the wall dividing said chamber from the inner passage being erforated and the Wall between the -two inner passages being provided with com- 'municating' openings having lips at their outer edges, an outlet-chamber having communication with opposite sides of the outer- I ber, tubes extending therethrough for the passage of the exhaust from an engine, a nozzle for injecting liquid fuel into said chamber and a hot-paste resting on said tubes in position for the liquid ejected from such nozzle to flow thereon.

12. In a carbureter, a carbureting-chamber, acircuitous outlet around said chamber for the mixed fuel, air-tubes opening into said chamber, tubes passing through said chamber for the passage of the exhaust from an engine, means for injecting liquid fuel into said chamber, and a hot-plate associated with said nozzle onto which the liquid flows as it is ejected from the nozzle.

13. In a carbureter, a carbureting-chamber, means for injecting kerosene into said chamber, air-tubes leading to said chamber, a conduit for directing theexhaust gases from an engine around said tubes, and means employing kerosene as a fuel for initially heatin such tubes.

. 14. n a carbureter, avaporizing-chamber,

a conduit associated therewith for the passage of the exhaust from ,an engine, airtubes passing through said conduit and opening communication between the atmosphere and'said chamber,'a hydrocarbon burner tapped through the wall of said conduit, and means for igniting the hydrocartbon gases injected into said conduit by the burner.

15. In a carbureter, a vaporizing-chamber,

a conduit associated with said chamber for the passage of the exhaust from an engine,

air-tubes passing through said conduit to said chamber, a hydrocarbon burner tapped through the wall of said conduit, a port provided in said conduit, and a valve capable of movement to open said port to permit the insertion of lighting means therethrough.

16. In a carbureter, two carbureting-chamhere, means for feeding a hydrocarbon liquid to one chamber, means for feeding gasolene to the other chamber, means for admitting' air to said chambers, and means actuated by the flow of gasolene for stopping the kerot sene discharge. 7

17. In a carbureter, an upper deck forming a vaporizing chamber for gasolene, a lower deck forming a passage for the exhaust from an engine, an intermediate deck forming a vaporizing-chamber for kerosene, said latter chamber communicating with said first chamber, conduits passing through said 7 intermediate deck for the passage of the exhaust from an en 'ne, air-inlet means for the kerosene vaporizing-chamber, and gasolene and kerosene feeding means for the respective chambers.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

. PEHR MARTIN BLOM. Witnesses:

C. W. OWEN,

CORNELL SGHREIBER.

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