US1097399A - Steam hydraulic press. - Google Patents

Description

H. E. DERBYSHIRB.

STEAM HYDRAULIC PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 10, 1912.

1,097,899, Patented May'19,1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

H. E. DERBYSHIRE. STEAM HYDRAULIC PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.10, 1912.

Patented May 19, 1914.

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STEAM HYDRAULIC PRESS. APPLICATION FILED AUG.10, 1912.

1,097,399. Patented May 19, 1914,

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LOLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH can, WASHINGTON. D. c.

HENRY E. DERBYSHIRE, OF CHAMBERSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 CHAM- BERSBURG ENGINEERING COMPANY, OF

CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

CHAMBERSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, A

STEAM HYDRAULIC PRESS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 19, 1914.

Application filed August 10, 1912. Serial No. 714,453.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HENRY E. DERBY- srrmn, a citizen of the United States, residing in Chambersburg, Franklin county, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Steam Hydraulic Presses, of which the following is a specification.

One object of my invention is to provide a novel form of press, for punching, shearing, forging or bending hot or cold blanks, of such construction as to permit of its operating head or table being quickly moved to any desired position and thereafter caused to make a working stroke or strokes at any of a number of different high tonnages.

I further desire to provide a substantial form of press having the above characteristics in which the construction is such as to permit of the pressure being conveniently varied to suit the character of the work to be performed, as for example in a press whose maximum capacity is 1500 tons, I provide means whereby it is possible to obtain pressures of 500, 1000, or 1500 tons.

Another object of my invention is to provide a press of such construction that it may be quickly adjusted to operate on different sizes and shapes of blanks, and may thereafter be supplied with motive fluid at a relatively high pressure in order to perform the necessary work; the arrangement of parts being such as to require but a minimum quantity of high pressure fluid.

I also desire to provide a form of hydraulic. press including an intensifier in which the action of the latter may be made automatic and the main plunger caused to reciprocate, under the action of fluid at highpressure,between predetermined work ing points after having been once brought into a desired position by the operator; the arrangement of parts being such that the adjustment of the press to the particular Work is controlled by one lever and the working of the press at high tonnage is governed by a second and independent lever.

These objects and other advantageous ends, I secure as hereinafter set forth, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1, is a front elevation of a steam hydraulic press constructed according to my invention; Fig. 2, is a plan of the press shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a front elevation, partly in section, illustrating the detail construction of a portion of the press constructed according to my invention; Figs. 1 and 5 are respectively a front elevation and a vertical section of the intensifier forming part of my invention; Figs. 6 and 7 are front elevations, partly in section and to some extent diagrammatic, illustrating the detail construction of certain of the valve mechanism; Figs. 8 and 9 are respectively a front elevation partly in section, and a plan of certain of the connections between the operating lever and the valve mechanism; and Fig. 10, is a fragmentary section illustrating a detail of one of the intensifier cylinders.

In the above drawings, 1 represents the base of the press on which are mounted any desired number of vertically extending columns 2 carrying rigidly attached to their upper ends a main pressure cylinder 3. Said columns also carry two or more lifting or pull back cylinders 1, the pistons 5 of which are connected through suitable rods to a head or table 6 slidably mounted on the columns 2.

It is understood that various forms of dies, etc., may be mounted on the base 1 and on the head or table 6 respectively in the manner well understood in this particular art, and said head has connected to it a plunger 7 which operates in the main pressure cylinder 3. The lifting cylinders 4 have their upper ends connected to a pipe 8 at all times open to the air or to the exhaust, while their lower ends are connected to a valve 9 by which they may be made to communicate through a pipe 10 with a steam pipe 11 or through a pipe 12 with an exhaust pipe 13. The valve 9 is preferably constructed as illustrated in Fig. 6, its casing being provided with a passage 14 connected to the lower ends of the two cylinders 4: by pipes 15. The communication of this passage 14 with the steam supply pipe 10 is controlled by a plunger valve 16, and similarly the flow of steam from said passage to the exhaust pipe 12 is governed by a second plunger valve 17. Both of these valves are connected through suitable rods or links to an operating arm 18 which in turn is connected through a link 19 with a hand lever 20. As this particular form of controlling valve is well known in this art and as its detail construction forms no part of the present invention, 1 have not described or illustrated it further.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 6, the upper end of the pressure cylinder 3 has connected to it a forked. pipe 21, of which one branch 22 is connected to the upper end of the pressure cylinder of the intensifier. The second branch 24 of said pipe leads to a check valve 25 so placed as to control the flow of fluid under relatively low pressure through a pipe 27 to and from a tank 26. Said pipe leads into the lower portion of this tank which is partly filled with water; there being a pipe 23 opening into the upper portion of said tank and connected to a suitable source of air or steam under relatively low pressure. The movable element of the check valve 25 is provided with a valve rod 29 connected to one arm of a lever 30 whose second arm is suitably attached to the upper plunger 31 of a pilot cylinder 32 also provided with a cavity for a second plunger 33 which is rigidly attached to said plunger 31. The cavity in which this latter plunger 31 operates is at all times connected through a conduit 3% to a source of fluid under constant pressure, while the cavity of the plunger 33 is likewise connected by a pipe 35 to a pilot valve 36. This latter consists of a casing having a cavity in communication with the pipe 35 and provided with steam and exhaust connections 37 and 38 respectively. Two valves 39 and d0 cooperate with suitably placed seats to control the flow of fiuid such steam from the pipe 37 to the pipe 35 or from this latter to the eX- haust 33 and both or" said valves are mounted on a stem #11 attached to one end of a lever a2 oivotally mounted on a support by a bolt or pin -13. For actuating this lever 1 provide a vertically moving dog plate 44, slotted for the reception of the pin 4:3 and provided with 'a pair of projections 1 5 and 16 so placed as to be capable of engaging and actuating this lever. In order to move said plate up and down it is connected through a link or rod t? with the hand operated adjusting lever 20.

With the above described arrangement of parts, when it-is desired to lower the head or table 6 on to a piece of work, the adjusting handle 20 is moved downwardly and on reaching the position indicated by the line b, actuates the plunger valve 17 through the rod 19 and connects the cylinders 4: to the exhaust. As the downward movement of the said lever is continued to the position indicated by the line a, the pin d5 of the dog 4% is caused to come into engagement with the rear end of the lever e2, thereby raising the valve rod 41 and permitting steam to pass from the supply pipe 37 through the pi 2e into the cylinder of the structure 32 which contains the plunger 33. Even though, as previously noted, the plunger 31 is constantly acted on by steam supplied through the pipe 3l, said plunger is now compelled to move into its cavity, since the plunger 33 has a greater area exposed to the steam and thus acts upon it through the rods 32. As a result the lever 30 is turned on its fulcrum and through the rod 29 the movable member of the check valve 25 is opened. ater under relatively low pressure then flows from the tank 26 through the pipes 27, 24: and 21 into the main cylinder 3, thereby filling the space behind the falling plunger 7 of said cylinder as this with the head (3 moves downwardly upon the columns 2 until it comes into engagement with the work to be operated on or reaches any other desired point, when the lever 20 is moved to a position F). It is obvious that the main plunger cannot now rise above the point to which it has been adjusted by the operation of the lever 20, even though the pull back cylinders are in action, since the check valve 25 is closed and there is no escape for the water in the cylinders 3 and 23 and their connecting pipes.

It the adjusting lever 20 is moved from position b to the position indicated by the line a, steam is admitted through the pilot valve 36 to the plunger 33, thus again causing opening of the check valve 25. Since this movement of the lever 20 does not afiect the valve 9, steam acting on the pistons of the pull back cylinder l, causes the table or head 6 to be moved upwardly, thus also causing the plunger 7 of the main cylinder 3 to force the water from said cylinder through the pipes 21, 2a and 27 back into the tank or reser 'oir 26. The return or" the handle 20 to its position 7) opens the valve 40, thereby permitting the steam admitted through the pipe 3% to force the plunger 31 out. of the cylinder structure 32 and causing the steam to be exhausted from in front of the plunger 33 through the pi aes 35 and 38. As a result the check valve 25 is closed.

The intensifier consists of a base structure l8 on which are mounted a plurality of steam cylinders 19 and 50, there being two of these latter in the present instance, both of substantially the same diameter and each equal to half that of the cylinder 19. The piston rods 51 and 52 of these cylinders are all rigidly connected to a cross head 53 to which is also connected a plunger 5d operating in the water cylinder 23. This latter is mounted upon a casting 55 carried by columns 56 rigidly attached to the base of the intensifier structure.

All of the cylinders a9 and 50 are designed to be supplied with motive fluid admitted under their pistons and for the purpose of controlling their action I provide two valves 57 and 58. The first of these is designed to simultaneously admit motive fluid to or exhaust it from the two cylinders 50, while the valve 58 is designed to similarly admit motive fluid to or exhaust it from the large cylinder 49. Said valves are constructed as shown in Fig. 7, the first of them having a passage 59, connected to the cylinders 50, and being provided with two movable valve members 60 and 61 whereby a flow of motive fluid from the steam supply pipe 62 may be admitted at will, or on the other hand, the fluid under pressure in the cylinders may be exhausted. The valve 58 is of similar construction, having movable valve members 60 and 61 for controlling the flow of steam through the passages 59. These valves are controlled by a hand lever 63 through the mechanism shown in Figs. 7 to 9 which is preferably employed in order that after the pistons of the steam cylinders 49 and have made a stroke in one direction, they may be automatically reversed. For this purpose, I provide means whereby when the cross head 53 approaches the upper end of its stroke, an incline 65 thereon will move in one direction a suitably formed cam 66 fixed to a shaft 67 which also has fixed to it two rocker arms 68 and 68. The arrangement of parts is such that by means of a weight 65 said cam and incline are at all times retained in engagement, so that as the cross head moves down toward the lower end of its stroke the cam 66 will be moved in a direction opposite to that previously indicated.

The rocker arm 66 is connected through a rod 69 with one end of a lever 70 pivoted to the stems of the valves and 61 while the arm 68 is similarly connected through a rod 69 to one end of a second lever 7 0 pivoted to the stems of the other valves 60 and 61. It is to be noted that the connections between the spindle 67 and the levers 70 and 7 0 preferably each include some easily separable coupling and in the present instance I hook the rods 69 and 69 to their respective levers, employing also two latches 100 and 101 for normally retaining the rods and levers connected. Weights 102 and 102 respectively mounted on the levers 70 and 70 tend to facilitate the operation of the valves 57 and 58. The shaft 67 is mounted to turn in a bearing or bearings provided in one end of a lever 71 which is pivoted to a suitable supporting structure at 72 and connected by a link 78 to the operating lever 63. If new itbe desired that the machine shall operate under power at its maximum tonnage, the lever 63 is moved downwardly; it being understood that by means of the latches 100 and 101 it has been previously coupled to both valve levers 70 and 7 0. As a result, the lever 71 is turned on its pivot 72, raising the spindle 67 upwardly and drawing upwardly the arms 68 and 68 with their rods 69 and 69 while under the action of the weight the arm 66 is maintained in engagement with the incline 65. Both of the valves 60 and 60 are thus opened, admitting steam or other motive fluid simultaneously to both the cylinders 50 as well as to the cylinder 49, so that their pistons are forced upwardly and force the plunger 54 into the high pressure cylinder 23. Inasmuch as this cylinder as well as the pipes 22 and 21 connected therewith are full of water and since the check valve 25 is closed, the maximum intensifier pressure is transmitted through these pipes to the main cylinder 3 of the press and exerted upon the plunger 7 thereof, causing it to make its working stroke and act upon the work in the manner desired. As the cross head 53 moves upwardly under the above described operation, the incline 65 so acts on the cam 66 as to rotate the shaft 67 thereby forcing downwardly the two rods 69 and 69 and closing the steam valves 60 and 60 Thereafter even though no further steam be admitted to the cylinders 50 and 49, the expansion of the steam therein continues to move their pistons so that through the cross head 63 and incline 65, the arm 66 continues to move until, through the arms 68 and 68 and rods 69 and 69, the exhaust valves 61 and 61 are opened. The exhaust of steam from the cylinders 50 and 49 then permits their pistons to move downwardly and withdraws the plunger 54 from the water cylinder 28, thus allowing water to flow from the main cylinder 3 and permitting the plunger 7 thereof to move into the same under the action of the steam pressure in the pull back cylinders. On approaching the lower end of its stroke, the cross head 53 by moving the incline 65 out of the way, permits the arm 66 to so move under the action of the weight 65 that the exhaust valves are closed and the admission valves are opened, thereby again admitting fluid under pressure to the steam cylinders and continuing the above cycle of operations as long as the handle 63 is displaced from its off position. Each reciprocation of the plunger 54 in the cylinder 23, after causing the main plunger 7 of the press to make its working stroke, permits water to flow from the cylinder 3 back to the cylinder 23, as said main plunger is raised to the point from which its working stroke began. Such raising is due to the action of steam on the pistons 5 of the pull back cylinders 4, which are under full steam pressure during the action of the intensifier. At any time this automatic operation of the intensifier may be stopped by movement of the lever 68 to its central position shown in Fig. 7.

I preferably construct the cylinders 49 and 50 of the intensifier as shown in Fig. 10, so

as to cushion the pistons operating therein, and for this purpose the exhaust passage 80 to each of said cylinders is connected to the interior thereof through the two ports or openings 81 and 82 so placed that as the piston descends, it covers the first and larger of these openings (of which there may be any desired number) so that the further escape of motive fluid is throttled to a large extent. The opening or openings 82 are likewise so placed as to be cut off or covered by the piston 83 before this finally reaches the bottom of its stroke, in order to imprison a certain quantity of the motive fluid in the cylinder and cause the piston to be brought to rest without the likelihood of injury. If only a part of the capacity of the press is required, one of the rods as 69 is disconnected from its valve lever by operating the latch 100, so that motive fluid is admitted only to the cylinders 50 to the exclusion of the cylinder t?) as desired. As a result, the force acting on the plunger 5% and the pressure transmitted to the cylinder 3 is, in the case illustrated, but one third of that exerted when the press is operated at maximum power, by disconnecting the rod 69 from its valve, the operation of the valve 58 will admit steam to the cylinder a9 and cause the press to operate at two thirds capacity. In this automatic form of apparatus it is understood that the two rods 69 and 69 are independently connected to the two valves 57 and 58, so that either of them may be actuated to operate its particular valve independently of the other. As is obvious, any desired number of intensifier cylinders may be mounted to act on the cross head and in such case would be provided with the requisite controlling mechanism whereby one or a y desired number of them could be caused to simultaneously acton the plunger 5st. Moreover, the relative sizes of these cylinders may be varied within any desired limits to secure different pressures of motive fluid in the main cylinder 3.

From the above description it will be seen that by the mechanism shown I am enabled, by means of the controlling levers, to secure a number of difl erent working tonnages on the press, the arrangement being such that the intensifier shall automatically return to its normal condition and thereafter make one or any number of strokes or shall be altogether controlled by hand, as may be found most desirable.

It is to be understood that it is immaterial whether the cylinders a9 and 50, or their pistons or plungers, are connected to the plunger 54:, although I prefera ly arrange the parts as shown in Fig. 5, with the pistons so connected.

With the above described arrangement of parts, the table or head of the press may be brought to and held in any desired position by proper manipulation of the adjusting lever 20. Thereafter the said plunger by the operation of the lever 63 may be caused to make a working stroke at any of a number of relatively high pressures, as may be required and while being manually controlled, may be permitted to automatically continue its reciprocation by reason of the automatic operation of the intensifier.

I claim:

1. The combination in a press, of a movable head; means for actuating said head under relatively high tonnage; said means including a reciprocating incline, a cam operated thereby, and a hand lever controlling said cam for governing the operation of said means; means for adjusting said head independently of said actuating means; and an independent device for controlling the oper' ation of said adjusting means.

2. The combination in a press, of a movable head; an actuating cylinder and plunger therefor; means for adjusting said head to any desired position; a source of high pressure fluid connected to the actuating cylinder; and means including a reciprocating incline and a cam, for controlling the passage of fluid between said source and the cylinder; and a member for setting said cam at will for thereafter causin body of fluid under relatively high pressure to be supplied to and discharged from said cylinder to cause the head to make a succession of strokes.

3. The combination in a press, of an operating cylinder; a plunger therefor; an intensifier operatively connected to said cylinder; and means for causing said intensifier to deliver fluid at any of a plurality of pressures to said cylinder; said means including a plurality of independent valves; and operating means therefor capable of actuating any or all of said valves at will.

at. The combination, in a press, of an operating cylinder; a plunger therefor; an intensifier connected to said cylinder; said intensifier consisting of a cylinder having a plunger, and means for exerting any of a plurality of different pressures on said latter plunger to move it in its cylinder; said means including a plurality of independent valves; and a common operating means therefor detachably connected to said valves.

5. A press having a main cylinder and plunger; an intensifier having a high pressure cylinder connected to said main cylinder; a plunger for said high pressure cylinder; a plurality of devices for independently actuating said high pressure plunger; and independent means for controlling said devices.

6. A press having a main cylinder and plunger; an intensifier having a high pressure cylinder connected to said main cylinder; a. plunger for said high pressure cylinder; a plurality of cylinders having plungers for actuating said high pressure plunger; and means for admitting fluid independently or simultaneously to said latter cylinders.

7. The combination, in a press, of a main cylinder having a plunger; an intensifier including a high pressure cylinder operatively connected to said main cylinder; a plunger for said high pressure cylinder; a crosshead connected to said high pressure plunger; a plurality of cylinders of different diameters having pistons connected to said crosshead; valves for admitting motive fluid to certain of said cylinders to the exclusion of others or to all of said cylinders simultaneously; and hand actuated means for controlling said valves.

8. The combination in a press of a main cylinder and a plunger; an intensifier having a Water cylinder connected to said main cylinder; a plunger operative in the Water cylinder; a plurality of steam cylinders for actuating said latter plunger to cause it to make a Working stroke; independent valves connected to said latter cylinders to permit motive fluid being supplied to them simultaneously or to certain of them to the exclusion of another; and an operating lever detachably connected to said valves.

9. The combination, in a press, of a main cylinder and a plunger; an intensifier hav ing a Water cylinder connected to said main cylinder; a plunger operative in the Water cylinder; a plurality of steam cylinders for actuating said plunger; independent valves for said cylinders; an operating lever detachably connected to said valves; an in cline operated by the intensifier plunger;

With a member capable of being set by the lever and co-acting with the incline.

10. The combination, in a press, of a main cylinder and a plunger; an intensifier having a Water cylinder connected to said main cylinder; a plunger operative in the Water cylinder; a plurality of steam cylinders for actuating said plunger; independent valves for said steam cylinders; an operating lever connected to said valves; a cam also connected to the lever; and an incline mounted on a movable part 01 the intensifier for actuating said member.

11. The combination, in a press, of a main cylinder and a plunger; an intensifier having a Water cylinder connected to said main cylinder; a plunger operative in the Water cylinder; a plurality of steam cylinders for actuating said plunger; an operating member; a lever connected to said member and carrying a spindle; a cam fixed to said spindle; an incline reciprocable by the intensifier, and operative on said cam; arms also fixed to said spindle; and means for connecting each of said arms to one of the valves of the steam cylinders.

12. In a press, the combination with a cylinder and plunger, of an intensifier having a plunger by which pressure is produced in said cylinder, a plurality of cylinders and plungers therein for actuating said pressure producing plunger, and means for admitting fluid independently or simultaneously to said latter cylinders.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

HENRY E. DERBYSHIRE.

"Witnesses:

H. M. Fnnnnnron, W. H. FREET.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner 01' IBatents Washington, D. 0.

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