US1096582A - Spring. - Google Patents

Description

F. G. WINKLER.

SPRING.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 1', 1907.

Patented May 1.2, 1914.

HSHEBTir-SHEBT 1.

//v l EN TOR W/ TNESSE-S'.

P. G. WINKLER.

SPRING.

APPLICATION TILED NOV. 1,1907 1,096,582, Patented Ma.y12,1914.

3 flHEBTS-BHEET 2.

W/TNESSfS.

v [NVEN TOR.

F. G. WINKLBR,

SPRING.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 1. 1907'. m mm Patented M y 12, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

\i'txnmzn. u citizen of the l entire STATES PATENT OFFIUE.

FREDERICK GEORGE WIN KLER, OF BUFFALO. NEN YORK. ASSIGNOR. BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO BEREND J. BURNS AND CLIFFORD CUTLER, BOTH OF BUF- FALO, new YORK.

SPRING.

'1 (Mil 533.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 12, 19.14.

To all trim/u it may concern lie it known that I. .FREDERHIK (lronuu .T iited States, residing zit .llutl'ulo, county of Erie, nnd State oi New York, have i vented certain new and useful Improvements in Springs, o't' -.\'h.ich the. following is u tull, clear, and cxnel description.

.Titv invention relates generally to springs which only he used in most places where springs are in use to-dtty.

, My chiei' object in producing the invention herein described has been to provide menus whcreh-y nuspring will carry a tare weight 0., the initial deadwcight load) which is much greater than the subsequently added load and at the same time have the following clniructeristies.

My invention provides means whereby, when the tare weight. lead is carried by the sprin the spring will otter a resisting power againstsuch load which progr es in n, substantially arithmetical progression. When a comparatively small additional load is added the spring will continue to otter a resisting power to that, load which still increases in u substuutially arithmetical progression... When the stud tare weight- :md the udded varying loud have placed the spring under elastic strum then the further compressive notion of the spring which may be hailed into play, as tor example, by violent shocks cuuscd by the passageof the vehicle equipped with my spring over any unevenness or obstacles in its puth it will respond and utter u resisting power to such shocks which will increase in it substantially gcomct ricnl progression. Ivl oreo'ver 1' so construct my spriu that tho linul resisting power ol it is so grcut that in actual use it, will never be compressed to its final possible point of compressive uc'tion.

in my drawings and specification 1 huve shown several forms, oi my spring us pun ticulurly nihipt d in be used in motor vchielcs but it will be readily sceuthnt some or :ill t'orms oi the spring hcrein show n and dc scribed can be used in :1 great vnriety oi \vuysundl do not couliuc myscll' to the pz1rtieulir :ninptntion oi the spring to motor vehicles us herein shown nnd dcscribcd.

Referring now to the nccomluinying druw ings in which like chuructcrs of reference rclir lo c :rrc pondin-g ports throughout. the scv rul liguro l ijJ'urc l ing the several unus emliled parts of one of my springs. Fig. :2 shows a similar view of the sevcrnl purts oi" the sumc spring as when assembled. Fig. I) shows in similar view of the sevcrul assembled parts oi. the some spring at :1 point of compression when the change of resisting power from the arithmeticul to the geometrical nrogrcssion occurs. Figl shows a similar view of the same spring assembled when at. the extreme limit of its movement. Fig. I. shows a similar view ol the tlllilsrt lllllhdl purts ol' unother form of my spring. Fig. (3 shows :t similar view 0] the non. en'ibled parts ol? still allother form 0t my spring. Fig. 7 shows it similar view of the parts shown in Fig. (3 after being assembled. Fig. 8 shows still another form of the spring when the parts are unussemblcd. Fig. 0 shows it similur View of the same parts shown in Fig. 8 having the several purts purtiully assembled. Fig. '10 shows still another form of my spring with the parts assembled.

Referring more particularly now to my Fi s. 1, t. :md l 1 represents a Stlllllllg'lt spring member prcl erubly ot' U--shzrpe. 'lhc centrul part. of this scmi-rigid nirn'ihcr is substuntiully rigid while the urms l and l are cupuble ol. u slight bending when subjcctcd to at great struin. p is :1 elastic. loop member which is uduph-d to be, connected to the arm 1' by means of ll link 15 or other suitable pivoted mcztn-i and it is likewise adopted to be conut ted to the arm 1 by the link 4 or other suitable pivoted connecting means. 5 is a bridge connecting mom-- her shown in dotted outlines in Fi .1 and in full outlincs in l igs. 23 and l. vThis bridge connecting member is adapted to be locked with :1 loop ol' the clustic loop member by menus ol' :1 link it pivotnlly mounted on the bridge.connecting member and the elastic loop member und it is ails-o adopted to be locked with another l p ol the elastic. loop member by mcuns ol? it link 7 pivolully mounted on the said bridge connecting member und unoibcr loop of the suid elastic. loop member .2.

Hy spring huving been assembled :il'tcr thc muuucr just dcr'cribcd it may be om nccted with thc nxlc 8 ol the vehicle as clcurly shown in Figs. 2. ii and 4. This is the prct'crublo wuy of mounting my spring upon u vehicle but it will be nppurcul. (but my spring is ulso adapted to be mounted vehicle.

The several parts shown in Fig. l are shown while in them normal position not under strain of any kind, and they are in that condition when manufactured and to be assembled. It Will be noted that in Fig. 2 the semi-rigid member 1 has been drawn inwardly a small distance and further that the her 2 which are united to the bridge connecting member 5 by the links 6 and 7 are drawn upwardly toward said bridge connesting member 5 a small distance. "W hen the three several parts of my spring are assembled as described, they are as clearly shown in, Fig. 2 under an elastic strain so that the arms 1' and 1 are slightly drawn inwardly and the tension of those arms when connected by the links 3 and -3 of the elastic loop member 2 tends to draw outwardly the loops ofthc elastic loop member to the bridge connecting member 5. both the arms oi the 2 which are connected by the links 6 and 7 Thus semi-rigid member It and the elastic loop member 2 are placed under an elastic strain when the parts of the spring are assembled.

Fig. 2 shows the position of my spring before it is placed under the tare weight of the load.

Fig. 8 shows my spring after it has been subjected to a load which has carried it to such a position' that when further' load is added its resistance will increase in a sub stantially geometrical progression. Ordinarily the position shown in Fig. 3 will be reached after the spring has been subjected to the-tare weight of a load and in addition thereto the maximum varying load which may be carried by it. The further possible movement of the spring toward the posi tion shown in Fig. 4 is provided for the purpose of absorbing shocks or other unusual disturbances received by the Vehicle and preferably the spring is so constructed that the bridge connecting member 5 and the semi'n'igid member 1 will never come in contact no matter how great the load or how violent the shock or disturbance altccting the spring action.

For the purpose of showing the character :E- the springresistance which ll. provide in my spring it may be assumed for example that the spring resisting force oifcredby the spring when traveling from tho POsitiiOi) shown in 2 to the position shown in Fig. 3 would he, say, one thousand wounds while the resisting power offered by the spring to travel from the position shown in Fig. 23 to the position shown in Fig. it would loops of the elastic loop nienr.

l l l l member 1.

roost-sea pounds or eight times as much. (if course the amount of resisting power of the spring is always under regulation of the manufacturer thereof and may require.

The elastic loop member 2 bends very readily as compared with the bending qualities of the arms 1' and 1 of the semi-rigid When the parts are in the position shown in Fig. it. will be noted that the llill'lS (i and 7 a. turned inward toward the axle 8 and thereby obtain a great leverage upon the sect ions 2 of the elastic loop member which lies between the said links (3- and l' and the said arms 1' and 1?. This leverage oi? the links 6 and 7 tends to draw inwardly-the said arms 1 and 1 of the semi-r' d member l.

Whenthe spring parts ha e assumed the position shown in Fig. 3 it will be noted that the links 6 and i' have been drawn outwardly away from the axle 8 and their leverage is thus reduced so that the section 2" tends to be drawn outwardly by the tension of the arms 1 and l of the scmi-rigid member 1 and these latter mentioned arms their assume almostthe same position as that hown in Fig. l.

lVhen the spring parts have assumed the position shown in Fig. 4 it will be noted that the links 6 and 7 have been drawn so far outwardly away from the axle 8 that they again assume position practically in a straight l ine with the line of the sections 2' and when in that position they tend to pull the arms 1 and i like ,that shown by position substantially the said arms in Fig". 2.

The leverage created. by the position of the linlrs G and 7 and the sectiohs of the elastic loop member to which theyare connected through the sections 2 upon the arms 1" and. 1 when in the position shown in Fig. 9., is a very even. leverage and it will be noted that the arms '1 and 1 are bent practically throughout their entire can be regulated as the necessitiesinwardly into a,

length as shown by the dotted lines. The .i

leverage of the same parts when theyare in the position shown in Fig. et however is a much stronger leverage and it is exerted upon the arms 1 angle and therefore requires a considerably greater power to Force the parts to the position shown in Fig. 4. 3

Referring now to Fig. 5 it will be noted that both the seu1i-rigi l member 1 and the bridge connecting member 5 are substantially identical with the correspondingmemhers shown in Figs. 1, 9. 3 and 4 while the elastic loop member 9 shown in Fig. 5' is oF a somewhat ditfcrent conformation than the elastic loop member 2 shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4. in an elastic loop member such and l at a much sharper I ploy a greater length of material and so ar-' range the loops of the material that the parts when subjected to an elastic strain under load will not interfere with each other. In this conformation a very heavy material may be used and at the same time the amount of space occupied by the spring need not be greater than that occupied by an elastic loop section of a conformation like that shown at 2. It may be noted however that the responsive action of the spring when placed undera load will be substantially like that of the elastic loop member 2. Of course it will be understood that the semirigid member 1, the bridge connecting member 5 and the elastic loop member 9 as shown in Fig. 5 may be united by exactly the same means employed in substantially the same way as those illustrated iii-Figs. 2. El and -t.

In the spring represented in Fig. (i the semirigid member 1. having the arms 1 and 1. is substantially the same as the corresponding member in the other figures prevh onsly described but in this figure I have made it somewhat lighter in weight than that shown in the other figures. The elastic loop member lO'of Fig. (3 is lighter than the corresponding members .2. and 9 of the first live figure-sand it is proportionally lighter than the corresponding members 2 and t) of those figures in proportion to the dillerence in size between the semi-rigid member 1 of thesevcral figures just described and the semi-rigid member l.ot' this Fig. (3. The elastic loop member 10 is much shorter than the corresponding members 2 and 9 and is designed tor use where the spring is sub jccted to a much tare-weight than the springs of the other. figures would be adapted to resist. Obviously the several parts of the spring shown in Fig. t) can be connected by identically the same means as those shown in Figs. 2,.3 and i, and in Fig. 7 these parts are shown as so connected and assembled.

By comparing Figs. 1 and (3 it will be noted that the space between the ends of the elastic loop member 2 and the arms 1' and 2 is much greater than the corresponding ditl'crence between the ends of the elastic. loop member '10 and 'the' arms 1' and 1 shown in Fig. (i. liy comparing Fig. 2. with Fig. 7 it will be noted that the angles of the links 6 and 7 relative to the ax e 8 are much less in Fig. 2. than are the CO1- responding angles of those parts in Fig.

inasmuch as the character of the progressire resistance of my spring is determined by the relative position of the'linka 6 and T and the. parts connected thereto. it will be evident that. the links 6 and 7 .used in the construction shown in Fig. 7 will reach a position similar to that shown by the same links in Fig. It much more quickly than the sameparts will in the eonstriu tion shown lll Fig. 8. it follows from the above that the the tension of the arms 11' spring resisting power of that form of my spring shown in Fig. 7 changes from a substantially arithmetical progression to a substantially geometrical pro ression at, a much earlier period of travel 0 the parts of the spring than is the case with the parts shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4.

From the foregoing it will be evident that I am able by the method of arranging the pants of my spring to control in any desired way the characteristic resisting power of my spring through any part of its movement.

Referring now to Fig. 8 it will be noted that the elastic loop member 2 is identical with the elastic loop member shown in Figs. 1, 2, l and t and that the bridge connecting member 5 shown in dotted outline in Fig. 8 is likewise like that marked 5 shown in dotted outline in Fig: l. he semiaigid member 11 (litters from the corresponding member 1 shown in the other figures previously described in that it is made regulatahle as to the spread of its arms 11 and 11 This regulating means I will now describe. The part 11 is made up of thearms 11 and 11' and the central rigid member 11". The arms 11 and 11 are rigidly secured to the rigid member 11 by bolts 14, 15, 16 and 17. the bolts passing through slots l-l'. 15'. 16'

and 1t and being rigidly secured to the rigid .member 11. The rigid member 11 (which would usually correspond to the rigid frame of the car) carries depending lugs lb? and ll through which set screws 12 and 17' in the arms 11" and '13 pass: the ends of said set-serews resting against the ends of the arms 11 and 11'. When it is desired to alter the spread ot the arms ll. and 11., the bolts 14, l5, l6 and 17 are loosened and the set- screws 12 and 13 are moved away from the ends of the arms 11' and 11 The said arms may then be moved either inwardly or outwardly ac cording to the position from which they start, the limit of movement being governed by the length of the slots 14, 15', 16' and *7. Obviously any change between the ends of these arms and the ends of the elastic loop member 2 so that when the parts are assembled as shown in Fi". 9 and 1.1 and the elastic loop member 2 will be regulated by the spread of the arms and it is for the purpose of governing this initial tension of the said several parts that I provide these regulating means. Another advantage resulting from this construction is that I am able to regulate such tension of the spring even during the time when the spring is earryiiig a load.

in Fig. i) I have shownthe parts shown in Fig. 8 assembled except that the links 3 and l are shown "1 this figure as broken to indithe cate the above described regnlatable ten sion. lt will be noted that the parts shown in this figure are assembled by the same conmeeting; means as those used in Figs 2, 3 and land it will be obvious that the several parts actwhen they are subjected to a load in substantially the same manner as do the corresponding parts shown in Figs. 2, 3 and l.

In Fig. 10 l have shown another modification of my invention and in that figure, 20 represents a rigid member which is prefen ably coincident with the rigid frame of the car to which my snrino' is a i lied. To the rigid member 20 I adjiistably secure arms 22 and Qi and connected with these arms is a spring resisting; part The means for regulating the spread of the arms and 22 shown in my Fig, 10 are substantially the same as the corresponding means for such re; ulation shown in Figs. 8 and. 9 and I have marked the same with numbers which correspond thereto. .11 will be obvious to those skilled in the art that in the suggested construction shown in 10 l may employ two arms each of them having the same conformation as the arm 22 or I may employ two arms each of them having the same conformation as that marked 21 and that the springso formed will act in substantially sfme way when subjected to a load as will the construction shown in Fig. 10 where the arms 21 and 22 are of unlike conformation, It will be clear from the foregoing description of my invention that'i'n the construction shown in. Fig. 10 thespring will respond at first through a small distance of its travel with a resistance which ,acts in a progression which is substantially arithmetical and through, the rest of its travel it will act with a "resistance which substantially geometrical. Obviously the spring would rest upon an axle applied to what is practically the central part of the spring resisting part 23. Further it will be clear that the semi-rigid part :20 shown in Fig. 10 and the spring arms 21 and 22 may be so combined and arranged with the spring resisting member 23 that under the fare weight of a load this spring: will offer a resistance to thesame which increases in a progression which is substantially geometrical.

Obviously the spring loop members 2 and 9 when under the weight of a load act to resist the weight of said load with forces varying; according; to their construction and. this characteristic is likewise true of the spring resisting" member shown in Fig. 10. Bearing this in mind have in my claims referred in some of than to the memhers 2 and 9 and member 23 as spring resisting members.

While I have shown my invention as adapted particularly for use with motor vehicles it will be evident that it masses is likewise adapted for use in many other Ways or to almost any form of vehicle. and I do not wish to confine myself to the particular adaptations herein shown and described. l laring thus described my invention what I claim is:

l. A compound spring comprising a semi rigid member, an elastic loop member, a bridge connecting member, means for con-- meeting said elastic loop member and. said bridge connecting; member and. additional connecting means between s id elastic loop 1T]QI.'ll')i. and said semi-rigid member where by when said spring is subjected to the tare weight of a load and the weight. of an additional variable load it will alter a resistance to the same which increases in a progression which substantially arithmetical and when subjected to an additional load or strain it will o'l'r'er a resistance thereto which will in crease in a progression which is substan iially geometrical.

A C(llUpOUlHl spring comprising a semirigid member, an elastic loop member, a. bridge connecting member and means for connecting said elastic loo amber and said bridge connecting memb and additional connecting means betwe i said elastic loop member and said semi "id member whereby when spring is subjected. to the tare weight of loadgit will offer a resistance to the same which increases in a progression which is so etantially arithmetical and when subjected to an additional load. or strain it will oll'er *sistance thereto Wl 'ch (ll increase in a, progression which is sub-- sta ntially. geometrical.

3. A. compound sp comprisin a semi rig-id member, an. elastic loop member, said. seiniaigid member having" a central portion which is substantially rigid and being' pro vided with an arm at each end which is capable of slight bending when subjected to a great strain, a bridge coimcctiug member, means for adj-notably uniting: said members whereby they may be initially placed under an elastic strain and means for uniting" said elastic loop member and said bridge connecting member so that they are placed andcr an initial elastic strain,

4.. 1i mnnoound spring con'iprising a semirieid member, an elastic loop member, a bridge connecting member, means for con necting' said cla bridge connect 155 member, and additional connecting means hetween saidclastie loop member and mid semi-rigid member, said semhrioid member having a central portion which is substantially rigid and being pro vided with an arm at each end which is capable oil. slight bending when subjected to a great strain.

1". compound spring comprising" a semi rigid member, an elastic loop memher, i

Tilt) tral portion which is substantially rigid and being provided with an arm at eachend which is capable of slight bending when subjected to a great strain.

6; A compound spring comprising a semirigid member, an elastic loop member, a bridge connecting member, links connecting said elastic loop member with said semi rigid member and links connecting said elas tic loop member with said bridge connecting member. a A

T. A compound spring comprising a semirigid member, an elastic loop member, a bridge connecting member, means for connecting said elastic 100p member and said bridge connecting member, and additional means between said elastic loop member and aaid semi-rigid member, said semi-rigid member having a central portion which is for conl substantially rigid and being provided with a regnlatable arm at each end which is capable of slight bending when subjected to a great strain.

9. A compound spring comprising a semirigid member, an elastic loop member, a bridge connecting member, said semi-rigid inen'iber liavii'ig a central portion which is substantially rigid and being provided with an arm at each end which is capable of slight bending when subjected to a great strain, means for connecting said elastic loop member and said bridge connecting member and means for adjustably uniting the arms of said semirigid member with said elastic loop member, whereby the said parts may be initially placed under an elastic strain.

in witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

F. G EORGE W IN KLE'R Witnesses:

J. ll M. Ennis, Ernnn A. KELLY.

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