US1094998A - Hydraulic elevator. - Google Patents

Description

K. E. O.- J ANSSON. HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 7, 190a. RENEWED SEPT. 24. 1913.

1,094,998, I Patented Apr. 28, 1914.

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KARL E. OSSIAN JANSSON, 0F FLUSHING, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO STANDARD PLUNGER ELEVATOR COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. L, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 28, 1914.

Application filed May '7, 1908, Serial No. 431,343. Renewed September 24, 1913. Serial No. 791,649.

"1 '1) all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, KARL E. OssIAN JANS- son, citizen of the United States, residing at Flushing, in the county of Queens and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Elevators, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

This invention relates to hydraulic valves for elevators, more especially has reference to the double type of valve wherein separate valve stems and cylinders are employed respectively for the supply and exhaust.

According to this invention, a main valve is provided wherein the valve pistons are actuated by the water pressure and also the valve positively held seated thereby, suitable pilot valves for each valve being provided, together with actuating connections and controlling means whereby only one of the pilot valves can be actuated at a time, the other being automatically rendered inoperative as soon as one valve commences to open, and remaining so until it has closed.

In the form of the invention herein shown, the main valve stems are each made hollow, and the pilot valve stems are mounted therein, suitable lever connections adapted to be operated from the elevator car or other point being connected with the pilot valve. In order to prevent one pilot valve from being operated to open its valve while the other valve is open, each main valve stem is provided with a movable abutment, which abutments when both valves are closed, permit either valve to be opened, either of said abut-ments, when one valve is open mechanically locking the pilot valve ot the other valve until the opened valve has been again closed.

The invention also comprises a pilot valve construction wherein both casing and valve stem are movable, but having connections with the main valve, such that the pilot valve sections move at difierent rates and proportional to the throw given the pilot valve in starting.

A further feature of the invent-ion relates to means whereby the speeds of closing the valves may be regulated, and thereby the speed of stopping of the elevator regulated,

The invention will be more fully understood in connection with the description of the accompanying drawing representing a valve mechanism wherein 1 represents the valve casing, herein shown as cast in a single piece for the two valves,though separate castings may be used, and the valve will be described herein without particular reference to either form of construction. The valve casing 1 is formed to contain two cylindrical linings 2, 3, the left-l1andside containing the lining 2 being hereafter considered the sup ply, and the right-hand side containing the lining 3, being hereafter considered the exhaust side.

1 is the inlet for water under pressure to the supply side, passing through ports 5 in the lining 2 and bearing on the piston 6 forming a part of the hollow valve-stem 7. The piston 6 is the controlling piston and moves over the ports 5 so as to permit the water to pass around the piston 6 through ports 8, and thence out of the supply side of the valve through the pipe 9. The pipe 9 will be connected with the motor cylinder so that when the ports 5 and 8 are in communication around the piston 6, the motor will be moved in one direction by the supply. The upper end of the valve-stem 7 is enlarged as. at 10, which enlargement is packed, so that the efiective area of the piston 6 will be approximately one-half of that of the piston 11 on the lower end of the valve-stem 7. Also between the pistons 6 and 11 a balancing piston 12 is provided, the piston 11 seating positively against the interior of lower cylinder head 13. It will be seen that when the supply is closed, the supply pressure is at all times acting on the upper side of piston G and positively seating the valve to hold it closed. The exhaust side is similarly constructed and the supply pressure will also positively hold the eX haust valve stem 15 seated against the lower cylinder head 16 in the same manner as in the case of the supply valve.

17 is a port in the casing communicating with the-exhaust valve, the pistons 18, 19, 20 corresponding respectively with the pistons 6,11 and 12. On the exhaust side, the pipe 21 leads from the motor cylinder and the piston 20 cuts off communication between the ports 22 and 28 to cut oft the exhaust. In the position shown in the drawings, the exhaust valve is open and its pilot valve closed, but ready to be opened to close the exhaust valve. The valvestems 7 and are preferably made hollow, and each contains a pilot valve stem reciprocating therein and controlling the actuating pressure.

is the pilot valve stem for the supply valve, having pistons 26, 27, 2S thereon. Passing through the valve stem to beneath the piston 26 is a passage 29, and below the piston 26 the valve-stem 7 contains a controlling port which is controlled by the piston 27. When the piston 27 is opposite the port 30, the supply pressure through pipe st passes through passage 29 around pisten 27 at port 30 to a passage 31 beneath the piston 11. Inasmuch as the piston 11 is approximately twice the area of piston 6, the pressure under piston 11 when port 30 is open will move the valve upward until piston (5 uncovers port 5, whereupon pressure passes through the ports 5, S and pipe 9 to the motor. As the valve stem 7 moves upward the movement will be stopped when the piston 27 closes the ports 30. The pilot valve for the exhaust valve is similarly constructed, the actuating pressure being admitted to the exhaust pilot valve through the passage 17.

When it is desired to close the supply valve, the pilot valve stem 25 is thrown downward until the piston 28 uncovers ports 33 in the lower end of thepilot valve casing. The ports 33 communicate through passage 34 with exhaust pipe 35. The effect of opening the ports is to relieve the supply pressure from beneath piston 11 so that the supply pressure on differential piston G will close the valve and at the same time close off the ports 33 by piston 28, the ports being formed in the lower end of the valve-stem 7 36 is a throttling plug mounted in passage 34:, by adjusting which the speed of closing of the supply valve can be adjusted independently of its speed of opening, and thus determining the speed of stopping the elevator in one direction. A similar throttling plug 38 is provided in the passage 37 leading from the exhaust valve so that the speed of stopping the elevator in the other direction canbe independently controlled.

In order to prevent manipulation of the pilot valves so as to open both valves at once, means is provided whereby the open ing of one valve mechanically prevents actuation of the pilot-valve of the other valve to open it, without preventing manipulation of the other pilot valve to close the open valve. These connections, in addition to permitting manual opening of either pilot valve, are so mounted that the movement of the main-valve in opening automatically closes the pilot valve after a predetermined throw so that the movement of the main pivoted at 46 is the pilot valve stem 27 valve will be proportional to the initial throw given the pilot valve.

40 is an operating lever connected to a. rope 41 and operating the rock shaft 4-2 carrying an arm a3. Connected at one side of the arm i3 by link at and a bell crank 4:5 A similar connection is provided for the exhaust pilot valve stem 2%. The bell crank levers 45 are carried by supports lSmoumed on the enlarged plug 10 so that the bell cranks at?) .and pivots move with their respective main valves as do also the pilot valve stems 25, 22L, though at a different rate by reason of the pivotal n'iovementof the respective bell crank levers, by reason of the fact that the operating lever will be held fixed by the operator. in the usual manner. In the position shown in the drawings, the exhaust valve is in position to close, in order to accomplish which the lever a0 will be thrown downward by pulling downward on the rope l1 throwing the arm 43 to the right until it hits abutment 50 carried by the plug 10. The etlect of this is to throw the pilot valve stem 24: downward so that the piston 28 uncovers the ports 33 of the exhaust side, thus unbalancing the piston 19 and permitting the pressure on piston 18, admitted through passage 17, to move the exhaust valve downward until piston 20 cuts oii' the passage between ports 22 and 23, the piston 19 at the same time seating on the head 16. As the *alve stem 15 moves downward, the whole pilot valve moves downward, at a diflerent though proportional rate, inasmuch as the right hand link 4.4. controlling the valve stem 24- swings about its connection with the arm -13. The eiiect of this is to tend to give the pilot valve stem Bet a slight upward movement, relatively to the main valve stem 15 so that the piston 28 will cut oil the port 33 a 1' about the time the piston '19 seats on the cylinder head 16, thus bringing the valve to rest, in case the pilot valve was given full throw.

The function of the abutment 50 is to prevent throwing the arm 43 past the center until the abutment 50 has dropped so low that the arm can be thrown by the center in order to throw the pilot valve stem 25 and shift the supply valve. Thus, the arm 4-3 cannot pass by the center until the end of the abutment 50 is below the notch 51 in the arm 43. At this time, both valves are closed and either one can be opened by actuating its pilot valve upward. It will also be seen that an abutment 52 on the supply valve similar to abutment 5O prevents the arm 4-3 from being thrown any farther to the leftwhen the supply valve is open, thereby pre venting the pilot valve stem 2% from being moved to start the exhaust valve while the supply valve is open. It will be seen that movement of the pilot valve stem 25 upward, as happens when the arm 43 is thrown against abutment 50, does not have any effect upon the supply valve as no ports are uncovered by either the piston 27 or piston 28 when moved upward.

It will be observed that both the casing (main valve stem) and piston of the pilot valve herein shown, move together, but that the movement of the pilot-valve stem, while proportional to, is less than, that of the main valve stem.

From the foregoing description, it is thought that the objects and advantages of the invention will be fully understood. It will be seen that such a valve will occupy considerably less space than a three-way valve, and also there will be fewer parts, and the whole valve will be more accessible for inspection or repair.

It will be understood that the terms supply and exhaust, as herein used, are relative only, and that the invention is not confined to the exact construction and uses herein described.

Having thus described my invention, what I declare as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

l. The combination with a hydraulic valve comprising a separate supply valve and an exhaust valve, of a pilot valve for each valve, and means whereby when one valve is open, the pilot valve of the other is prevented from being operated to open that valve.

2. The combination with a hydraulic valve comprising a separate supply valve and an exhaust valve, of a pilot valve for each valve, a single means for actuating both pilot valves, and means whereby when one valve is open, the pilot valve of the other valve is prevented from being opened to start the other valve.

The combination with a hydraulic valve comprising a separate supply valve and an exhaust valve, or" a pilot valve for each valve, means for opening either pilot valve when both valves are closed, connec tions whereby the movement of one valve closes its pilot valve. and means whereby the other pilot-valve is prevented from beil'lg opened when one valve is open.

l. The combination with a hydraulic valve comprising separate supply and exhaust valves, of a pilot valve for controlling each of said valves, a common actuating connection for said pilot valves, and means moving with each of said valves for mechanically locking the pilot valve of the other to prevent starting of the latter valve while the former is open.

The combination with a hydraulic valve comprising separate supply and exhaust valves, of a separate pilot valve for controlling each of said valves independently, and means preventing actuation of both of said pilot valves suiiicient to eitect a simultaneous movement of both valves.

(3. The combination with a hydraulic valve comprising separate supply and exhaust alves, and a separate pilot valve within the stem of each of said valves, of means whereby one valve when open prevents operation of the pilot valve of the other to open it.

7. The combination with a hydraulic valve cmnprising separate motor operated supply and exhaust valves, and a separate pilot valve for each ot said valves, of a manual operating device connected to both of said pilot valves and actuating one or the other of said pilot valves to open the corresponding valve according to the direction in which moved, and means whereby either valve when open limits the throw of said operating device to prevent operation of the other valve. I

8. The combination with a plurality of independent motors, and a separate pilot valve for controlling each motor, of means whereby one motor during its cycle of action mechanically locks the pilot valve of: the other motor against actuation to start said other motor.

9. The combination with a plurality of in dependent motors, and a pilot valve mecha nism for controlling one or the other of said motors, said pilot valve mechanism comprising separate controlling portions for each motor, of means whereby one motor during its cycle of action mechanically looks that portion of the pilot valve mechanism controlling the other motor against actua tion to control the other motor.

10. The combination with a plurality of independent motors, and a pilot valve mechanism tor controlling one or the other of said motors, said. pilot valve mechanism comprising separate controlling portions for each motor, of means whereby one motor during its cycle of action mechanically looks that portion of the pilot valve mechanism controlling the other motor against actuation to control the other motor, and means whereby the inactive motor is held positively stationary by water pressure.

11. The combination with a plurality of valves. each comprising ports, a stem and pistons, of movable abutments carried by said stems, a pilot valve mechanism for controlling said valves, said pilot valve mechanism being movable from one to another side of a central position to start one or the other of said valves, and means whereby one or the other of said abutments limits the actuation of said pilot valve mechanism.

The combination with a plurality of valves, one controlling the supply and the other the exhaust. of a separate pilot valve for controlling the opening and closing of each valve, a common actuating connection,

and means for independently regulating the of a pilot valve comprising a ported casing movable with the main valve, a manually operable stem having means for controlling said ports to start said main valve and said movable pilot valve section, and connections whereby the movement of the main valve moves both pilot valve sections at different rates, whereby to close the pilot valve ports and stop the main valve.

1 The combination with a hydraulic valve comprising a separate supply valve IUHl'fill exhaust valve, of a pilot valve mechanism for 'noving' one or the other of said valves and means whereby the movement of one valve mechanically locks said pilot alve mechanism to prevent control of the other 'alve. i

15. The combination with a hydraulic valve comprising a separate supply valve and an exhaust valve, of a. pilot valve mechanism for moving one or the other of said valves, said pilot valve mechanism comprising two parts and connections with said sup ply and exhaust valves whereby the degree of movement of one part of the pilot valve determines the extent of movement of the supply or exhaust valve controlled thereby.

16. The combination with a hydraulic valve mechanism comprising separate main supply and exhaust controlling valves, of a pilot valve mechanism for each valve eom n'ising two movable parts, one being manuallv movable to start the valve, and both moving with the main valve. but at dillerent rates of speed to close the pilot valve and stop the movement. of the main valve.

17. The eombinatimi with a hydraulic valve mechanism comprising separate main supplv and exhaust controlling valves, of a pilot valve mechanism tor each valve comprising two mo able parts, one being manuall v movable to start the valve and both mo viugr with the main valve. but at (lilierent rates of speed, to close the pilot valve and stop the movement of the main valve. the connections being such that the throw of the manually movable. pilot valve section (lelermines the extent o't movement of the main valve.

in testimony whereof I aliix my signature, in presence ot two witnesses.

KARL l5. ()SSTAN JANSSON.

\Yitnesses:

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0.

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