US1076821A - Incandescent oil-lamp. - Google Patents

Description

J. DOORENBOS.

INGANDESGENT OIL LAMP.

unwnmn FILED 0011. 10, 1910. RENEWED um. 25, ms.

1,076,821 Patented 0013.28, 1913.

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J. DOORBNBOS.

INGANDESGEHT OIL LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED 001210, 1910. RENEWED MAR. 25, 1913.

1,076,821 Patented" Oct. 28, 1913.

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INGANDESOENT OIL LAMP.

urmornon FILED OUT. 10, 1910. RENEWED mm. 25, ms. 1,076,821

Patented Oct. 28, 1913.

acozjoorfe J. DOORENBOS.

INGANDESGENT OIL LAMP. APPLICATION Hum 001'. 10, 1910. RENEWED MAR. 25. 1013.

Patented Oct. 28, 1913.

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INGANDESCENT OIL-LAMP.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Pntented Uet. ee, rein.

Application filed nc-tuber lG, 1 .910 Serial No. 586,237. Renewed March 25, 1913. Serial No. '?hS,799.

To all whom it may com-c221 Be it known that l, zl'aoon Doonnnnos, :1 citizen of the United States residing at. Kalamazoo, in the county of Kalamazoo and State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful improvement in Incandescent Oil-Lamps, of which the following is a. specification.

My invention relates to improvements in wick-feed oil lamps of the type wherein products of imperfect combustion, generated at or near the wick, are mixed with air and conducted to a mantie-incandescing hurneroutlet where they are ignited to produce approximately complete combustion.

My object is to provide a lamp this type or" an improred construction which rendersitparticularly easy to start and control, and which, in operation. will be odorless and render the mantle incandescent sub stantially throughout.

In the drawings Figure 1 shows my improved lamp in side elevation with the exposed parts as they appear when the light is extinguished; l 2, a fragmentary side eievation of the lamp-burne showing the exposed parts in the positions they should occupy when the wick is to be ignited; Fig. 3, a view similar to Fig. 2, but showing the position oi the exposed parts when the flame at the wick is initially heating the burner; Fig. t, an enlarged sectional view of'the lamp with the adjustable features in. the position indicated in Fig. 1; Figs. 6, 7', t3 and 9, enlarged broken sections taken on line in Fig. it, and showing the adjusting features in their (ti-fluent positions; l ig l0, a plain section on line 10 in Fig. 7; on Fig. 11, ahreken developed view of the lower part of an outer per feral-ed hurner-tulna,

The lamp-body shown has a base 15,0ha1nbered neclcportion l6. and a tent or oil reservoir 1?, The neck-portion 16 is provided in the position shown with an annular series of draft-inlet openings 18, and, extending through the font 17 a draft tube 19 opening at its lower end into the chamber formed by the neck 16. ll'lounted on the floor 20 of the font is a center-draft wick-tube 21 on which slides a Wick-engaging sleeve 22 connected with the Wick-lift rod 23. The outer wicletube 24 formed with a dripcup 25 and is screwed into the top of the tent 17. The parts described lid zontal shoulder 30 provided with a row of verdeadly-extending perforations 31. The upper projecting end-portion of the dratthead 27 forms a holding-queens :t'or an inner burner-tube 33 provided with rows or" perforutions 3t and permanently fitted at its top with an impertorate cup 3511f the somewhat frusto-conical or tapering form shown in Fig, 4. The numeral 36 designates an outer burnertube or sleeve imperforate along its lower end-portion where it slips over and is thus firmly hut removahly held by the outer wick-tube 2 1. The burner-tube 36 has a lower annular row of perforations 37 of comparatively large size, a second row of perforations 38 of son'iewhat smaller size, and a number of rows of still smaller perforations 39 disposech as indicated, and extending nearly to the top or the burner-tube 23G. Secured to the inner huri'ier-tube 33 are three or more horizontnl spzicing pins All) which contact with the outer burner-tube 36 to steady the two tubes with reference to each other. Preferably in opposite sides ot' the burner-tube 36. in line with the perforations 37., are comparatively long; slots ll communicating. as shown in Fig. li with shorter slots 12 in the plane of the pertorae liens 38. The top of the font 1? is formed with an annular bearing-shoulder "l3 around which fits the lower daring-end of an annular, removable burner-casing 4st constructed with an upwardly-extending, straight eylindricalportion 4L5 surmounted by e cap 46 which fits around the top of the burnertube '36 and is formed with an annular shoulder 4-7 and on u wardlylapering outlet or nozzle 48. he inner and outer burner- tubes 33, 36, form between them an initial combustion and mixing chamber 49 terminating at its upper end in the annular too i gradually-reducing burner outlet 50 formed by the concentric parts 35, 48. In opposite sides of the part 45 of the burner-casing are igniter-cpenings 51 located exactly opposite the slots 41, 42 which together form an igniter-opening in the outer burner-tube, approximately on a level with the top of the wi cktub e.

Fitting within and in the part 45 is sleeve 52 to which is fixed a handle 53 extending out through a slot in the part 45. The said slot has an inclined portion 54 terminating in an upper shoulder 55, just short of which is a lower shoulder 56, as shown most plainly in Fig. 1. In the movement of the handle 53 from the position shown in Fig. 1, to the positions shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the sleeve 52 is turned and raised. In the lower part of the sleeve 52 at opposite sides,are openings 57, two of sliding contact with which, when the handle 53 is raised to the top of the slot 54, register exactly with the openings 51 in the. burner-casing. The sleeve 52 closes the-openings 51 when the handle 53 is lowered to the position indicated in Fig. 1, and uncovers the openings 51 as the handle is raised to the upper end of the slot 54. The sleeve 52 at its-lower end-portion carries an inwardly-projecting ring 58 to which is secured an inner sleeve 59, of the damper-device, fitting loosely around the outer burner-tube 36. In the sleeve 59,"about midway of its length, is an annular series of openings 60.

Fitting removably over the top of the burner-casing against the shoulder 47 is a chimne -gallery 61 having an annular row of dra t-openings 62 in the position shown, and receiving the chimney 63; and fitting removably upon the nozzle-portion 48 of the burner-casing is a supporting-frame 64 for a mantle 65.

When the adjusting features of the lamp are, as shown in Figs. 1, 4 and 5, the light is extinguished. The openings 51 are closed, the wick 26 is lowered, and .the openings 60 of the sleeve 59 are below and out of register with the lower openings of the outer burner-tube, which are thus shut ofi or closed by To light the lamp the handle 53 is raised along the slot 54 to rest upon the shoulder 56, and the wick 26 is raised from the position shown in Fig. 5 to that shown in Fig. 6, whereby its top is in the plane of the row of openings 37 in the outer burner-tube. A lighted match may then be-passed through one of the igniteropenings 51 of the casing and adjacent slot or i itercpening 41-42 in theou'ter burner-tn e to ignite the oil at the top of the wick. The damper-device is caused to remain in this position to permit air to pass to the wick through the elongated slots 41 and large openings 37, thereby causa damper-device having a up the upper part of the sleeve 59.

in the flameto creep rapidly around the.

wihk. As soon as he sees that'the flame encircles the wick the operator should raise the handle 53 from the shoulder 56 to the shoulder 55, which causes the inner sleeve 59 of the damper, to shut ofl the lower perforations 37 and the slots 41. It is to be remarked that when the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 6, which is the igniting osition, air to support combustion enters through the center draft or inner wick-tube 21, and plays against thetop of the wick from the inner side while air through the slots 41 and openings 37 plays against the wick from the outer side. As before stated, this causes the flame to creep with great rapidity around the wick while if the handle 53 were raised to the shoulder 55 before the wick is ignited the closing of the slots 41 and openings 37 would greatly retard the creeping of the flame. It will be seen that the outer diameter of the wick 26' approximates the inner diameter of 'the outer burner-tube 36, and the natural swelling of the wick, as it is raised above the wick-tube, causes it to slide in contact with or very close to the inner surface of the outer burner-tube 36. c

When the oil is ignited all around the top of the wick and the handle 53 is moved to the shoulder 55 the parts are in the position indicated in Fig. 7, causing the air from the center draft-tube 21 to play against the flame through the openings 29, with the result of raisin the flame above'the wick to prevent furt er charring of the latter. While the parts are in this position the combustion in the lower willbe approximately perfect and odorless, and is maintained for a period sufficiently prolonged to heat the structure to the de-.

sired degree. This necessary preliminary heating will, in practice, be effected, under ordinary circumstances, in less than a minutes time, after which the operator raises the wick by means of the wick-lift 23 to the position indicated in Fig. 8, applies a match to the top of thechimney, and then slides the handle 53 down the slot 54, causing the sleeve52 of the damper to close theopenings 51 and moving the sleeve 59 to the position shown in Figs. 4 and 9. When the damper is inthis position the slots 41, 42, openings 37, 38 and lower row or two of openings '39 in the outer burner-tube are closed and the entrance of air into the chains her 49 to support combustion at the wick is altogether through the openings 39 of the outer tube 36 and openings- 34-01? the inner tube 33, as well as the vertical openings 31. The heat from the tube 36 and the heat alsoradiated from other parts of the burner against the wick produces vaporization of oil faster than its combustion can be supported by the draft, and the vapor part ofthe chamber 40 Elli lli

inaaaai rises in the chamber 4-9 through the burneroutlet and plays into the mantle. When the match is applied to the top of the chim ney it ignites the vapor rising through the mantle, and the consequent combustion ren ders the mantle incandescent.

i hile the lamp is burning and rendering the illun'tle incandescent, the center draft, through the openings 31, will tend to crowd the Wit-inflame to the Wall of the outer burner-tube to maintain the heat of the latter, wliirh. as it is conducted down along the outer surface of the Wicln'gasiiies the oil. But little air can enter to the Wick through the outer burner-tube below the top of the valve 59, but the draft through openings 31 will be sutlicient to properly aid in support ing combustion at the Wick. In fact, the wick-dame will, in practice, be rather high up in the chamber 4-9. and, therefore, riently remote from the Wick to prevent charring thereof. The perforations 34, 39, as they are provided, admit sutlicicnt air to mingle with the vapor in the chamber -19 to cause, with the draft through the openings (32, complete combustion at the nozzle or lmrner-opening 48. The openings 18 and (32, through which all air to support combus-v tion enters. extend entirely around the structure, so that outside air-currents Will have no material eitect upon the steadiness of the light; and as all the air entering through the draftopenings 18 passes through a prolonged heated course before reaching the lmrner-opening 48, a, strong enough draft is produced to cause the flame from the burner-- opening to play with necessary force into the mantle to render the latter-incandescent substantially throughout.

The upwardly discharging draftopenings 31 perform an important part in the opera tion of the burner. In. order that the Wick shall not char too readily and become crusty, it should be maintained out of physical con tact with the hot wall presented by the in ner burner tube This inner burner tube, as shown, is smaller in diameter than the inner WZlClZ-illb Q1, and the outer burner-tube :36 is preferably larger in diameter than the outer wick-tube to the extent of the thickness of the latter. The natural swelling of the Wick above the wick-tubes tends, as stated, to cause slight contact of the Wick with the outer burnentube, whereby When the Wick is raised there will be some direct conductivity of heat from the outer burner tube to the Wick to aid in gasit'ying the oil. This contact between the wick and outer burner-tube should, in practice, he veryslight or gentle to prevent the wiclr from charring materially at its outer side and becoming stuck to the outer burner-tube. The conductivity and radiation of heatfrom the outer burner-tube and the radiation of heat from the inner burner-tube would not be suilicient, in practice, to gasity the oil in the wick with the desired rapidity.

The annular concavity surrounding the draft-head :27 torms,with the wick, a vaporgeueraling chamber, and the vapor generated thereinis mixed with air entering the lower perforations 29 in the draft head, and carried out through the upper perforations 2t). The gas and air mixture is carried by the center draft through the vertical perforations 31 into the lower end of the mixing chamber. While the wich is raised to the pirsitiou shown in Fig. 5 and the lamp is burning and rendering the mantle incandescent, the mixture from the said annular generating-chamber in the draft-head is ignited at the openings 31 producing an an nular series of more or less minute flames in the annular Space between the inner burner tube 32.1 and the raised wick. llhese minute flames supply a large portion of the heat necessary for properly gasirtyinp; the oil ted by the trick.

The size of the flame and intensity of the light are governed by the height of the wick, up to a point where too much Wick-exposure would cause crowding and consequent imperfect combustion in the mantle. In the wick-lift I employ, the rod 93 screws into a socket piece 68 on an arm 69 carried by the wicleengaging sleeve 22, and is also provided with a collar or stop 70. The rod 23 may beadjusted in the seelret 68 so that the stop 70 will contact With the upper Wall of the font when the Wick reaches the heightoi greatest elliciency, and as the Wick becomes shorter in use the adjustment may be changed as required by merely turning the rod to lower it in the socket 68.

ishen "wick-teed lamp is not in use oil drawn from the font by the Wick overtlows to a more or less extent over the outer Wick tube, which makes it desirable to provide the.

drip-cup 25 When, in practice, the burner is being initially heated, as described, the heat conducted down the outer Wiclctuhe would tend to vaporize the oil adhering to its outer-surface and present in the dripcup. if this vapor were permitted to rise in the casing and discharge through the burneroutlet 50 before the step of igniting the mixture at said outlet, the vapor would cause a disagreeable odor, which it IS desirable to, avoid, or even ignite 1n the casing with an explosive force suiticient to injure the man tle. This difficulty is overcome in the present construction by causing the damper-device 59;, 58, 59, to close the annular passage through the casing, about the outer burnertube 36, when the damper-device is raised for the initial heating ot the burner, as shown in Fig. l.

l ihile I prefer to construct my improvements as shown and described, they may be variously modified in the matter at details &

of construction without departing from the spirit of my inventions as defined by the claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a lamp of the character described, the combination with the outer wick-tube, of a surrounding burner-casing, an outer perforated burner-tube in the casing above said wick-tube having a plurality of combined igniter and draft openings in its lower part in a plane above the wick-tube, a damperde ice sliding upon said burner-tube and adjustable thereon to the positions of uncovering, partly covering and covering said openings, and means for holding said damperdevice in its said positions, for the purpose set forth.

2. In a lamp of the the combination with the outer wiclr-tube, of a surrounding burner-casing, an outer perforated burner-tube in the casing above said wick-tube, having a plurality of combined igniter and draft openings in its lower part in a plane above the wick-tube, a damper device sliding upon said burner-tube and adjustable from the outside of the casing to the positions of uncovering, partly covering and covering said openings, and means for holding said damper device in its said positions, for the purpose set forth.

3. In a lamp of the character described, the combination with the outer wick-tube, of a surrounding burner-casing having an igniter-opening, an outer, perforated burnertube in the casing above said wick-tube having a plurality of igniter and draft-openings in its lower part, and a damper-device sliding against said burner-tube and casing and adjustable, from the outside of the casing, to the positions of uncovering, partly covering, and covering said burnertube openings, and of uncovering and covering: said igniteropening in the casing, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a lamp of the character described, the combination with the outer wick-tube, of a surrounding burner-casing having an igniter-opening, an outer, perforated burnertube in the casing above said wick-tube having a plurality of igniter and draft-openings in its lower part, a damper-device sliding against said burner-tube and casing and adjustable, from the outside of the casing, to the positions of uncovering, partly covering, and covering said burner-tube openings, and of uncovering and covering said igniteropening in the casing, and means for holding the damper-device in each of said positions of adjustment.

5. In a lamp of the character described, the combination with the font, of an inner, cylindrical, center-draft wicktube, an outer wick-tube, an inner, perforated burnertube above the inner wick-tube closed at its upper character described,

end, an outer "perforated burner-tube above the outer wick-tube open at its upper end, and a normally closed burner-casing surrounding the burner-tubes, said burner-tubes forming between them an annular initial combustion and mixing chamber and a reduced inwardly-convergin annular outlet at the upper end of the c amber, and said casing forming an outer draft-tube discharging into said mixing-chamber through the perforations in the outer burner-tube.

6. In a lamp of the character described, the combination with the base and font, of an inner, cylindrical center-draft wick-tube, an outer wick-tube, an inner, perforated burner-tube above the inner wick-tube closed at its upper end, an outer, perforated burnertube above the outer wick-tube open at its upper end, and a normally closed burner-casing surrounding the burner-tubes, said burnertubes forming between them an annular initial combustion and mixing chamber and a reduced inwardly-converging annular outlet at the upper end of the chamber, and said casing forming an outer draft-tube discharging into said mixing-chamber through the perforations in the outer burner-tube, the inner and outer drafts to support combus tion in the mixing chamber entering altogether through said base of the lamp.

7. In a lamp of the character described, the combination with the center-draft inner wick-tube, outer wiclrtube and annular raising and lowering wick therein, of an outer burner-tube above the outer wick-tube, an inner burner-tube above and of smaller diameter than the inner wick-tube, and a perforated draft-head on the inner wick-tube provided with an annular circumferential concavity forming with the wick a vaporgenerating chamber and having an inwardly-extending flange joining the inner burner-tube and provided with an annular series of upwardly-discharging draft-openings located between the inner burner-tube and the path of the wick, substantially as and for the purpose set forth;

8. In a lamp of the character described, the outer burner-tube having a lower row of relatively large draft-openings, a second row of somewhat smaller draft-openings, and a plurality of still smaller draft-openings above said rows, and an annular damper surrounding said burner-tube and adjustable from the outside of the lamp to open and successively close said rows of openings, as

and for the purpose set forth.

9. In a lamp 'of the character described, the combination with the burner-casing, inner and outer wick-tubes, and inner and outer perforated burner-tubes above the wick-tubes, of-a draft-passage for directing a center-draft upward through the inner wick-tube, a draft-passage for directing an outer-draft upward around the outer wicktube, both of said drafts entering through the base of the lamp, and means operating to shut OK the said 0uter-draft when the burner parts are in their initial-heating position, for the purpose set forth.

'10. in a lamp of the character described, the combination of a burner-casing, inner and outer Wick-tubes, an inner perforated burner-tube above the inner Wick-tube, an outer perforated burner-tube having igniter and lower draft openings, a draft-passage for directing a center-draft upward through the inner Wick-tube, a draft-passage for directing an outer-draft upward around the outer Wick-tube, both of said drafts entering through the base of the lamp, a burnercasing surrounding said outer burnentube and having an igniter-opening, and a dampendevioe adjustable from the outside of said casin to open and close said igniter opening in the casing and said igniter and draft openings in the outer burner-tube, and to close the said outer-draft when the burner parts are in their initial-heating position, for the purpose setforth.

JACOB DOORENBUS. In the presence (if- ARTHUR C. Snow; EDWIN W. VosBURG.

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