US1050012A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

51 1mm n tot @lum/nm,

Patented Jam.I `7, 19133;."

- G.E.'DU'RYBA.

INTERNAL GOMBUS'TION ENGINE."

O1 2 -APPLIOATION FILED MAB.. 221907. D

0.5.DURYEA- i INTERNAL GOMBUSTION-ENGINE.

STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLESE. DURYEA, E READING, IENNSYLvANIA, AssIGNoR .To DAvIi) CLARK.

WM. A. LA RUE, AND JOHN H. FISHER, ALL O E EASTN, PENNSYLVANIA.

specification@ Letters Patent.

INTERNAL-coMIaUsTIoN ENGINE4 Y lPatented Jan. 7, 1913.

'Original application led October 2, 1905, Serial No. 280,974 Divided and this application led March 22,

. 1907.. Serial No. 363,96i. Y

To all whom t may concern.' l i Be it known that I, CHARLES E. DUIUITEA,

i citizen of the United States, residing at Reading, in the county of .Berks and State of Pennsylvania, have invented'certain newand useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itap-v pertains to makeand use the same.

My invention relates to internal combustion engines andV more particularly to that class of engines adapted fo-r automobile o r aeronautic service where the greatest rchability, fewest parts and llghtest construe'- tion are of decided value.v The generic ideav isdisclosed in myapplication Serial Num- 'ber 280,974, led October 2, 1905, of which this application is filed as a division.-

The 'pbjects of my invention include the production of a valve of lgreat durability,

free from noise, having few parts and of positive operation,` andI accomplish these objects by the mechanism shown in the accompanying drawings in which- Figure -;l is a cross section of valve and headof cylinder showing, the), ports. Fig. 2

. is a plan view of a two cylinder engine.

Fig. 3 is a cross section plan through the valve and two cylinders of a multiple cylinder engine having the valve v'at the side of the cylinder instead of in the head as shown in Figs. l and 2. Fig. 4 is a cross section elevation of a single cylinder with valve at the side and Fig. 5 is a detail in cross section showing the valve in a different position from that in which it is seen in Fig. el. Fi

v 6 is a view, partly in section', of a modifie y form ofvalve'and bushing.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

It is a well recognizedfact-in gas engine 1 practice that the cool incoming charge will passage into thecylinder.

efectually cool the exhaust valve ifit can be caused to strike against the valve during its It. 1s also recognized that while the delicate parts such as valves should be kept as cool as possible to insure durability, the engine proper 'should be worked at a temperature als nearly that of boiling water or even higher as is compatible with other considerations. In air cooled'engines, the best recognized practice places theV fitted With careful l fit-tin i valves and port passages well away from the cylinders, that the lcylinders may'not be distorted by irregularities of thefvalve passages and that the valves themselves may be more readily exposed to the air for cooling.' I have, therefore, shown in this case, two different arrangements .of the same device.

Figs. l and 2 are a preferred form4 for air f cooled engines, w-hile Figs. 3, 4- and 5 show cylinder by set screws and clamp screws,

eitherJ or both, in a self evident manner as shown in Fig. land which being thus fixed.

may be readily removed for replacement or repair 1f needed. This removablevalve'seat prevents any possible ydamage to thecylinf der, due to the cutting caused by the valve in.

any accidental 'case of overheatingand seizing or lack of lubrication In my preferred construction I make the lvalve hf astraight shaft long venough to serve one or more lcylinders'asv may be desired and carefully ground to anexactsize and cylindricity, so asto fit its bushings m yso andm. Thesel bushings are likewise care# fully ground and fitted both to the valve arid.

tothe passage through the cylinder casting which casting in its turn must be carefully. the valve h may revolve freely and yet at no place ex# cept when -the ports are open will there be'v a passage permittin the escape of gases;- so thisform of device perfectly serves its purpose with a rotary motion instead of with the reciprocating motion of theordiel nary puppet valve which requires cams, springs, guides and many parts to Insure proper operation and which is accompanied It is with more or less noiseand shock. quite evident that the valve z* may betalpered as isaIi ordinary stop cock and prev i..

vided with nuts lat one or both ends of each tapered portion or at the ends only of the full length valve. It is preferable Ito make it not'tapered and of f ull length -for multiple I cylinders. I have used both ntorms with many modifications thereof but prefer the 1@ f A-single length valve may be caused to i drive its neighbor and may be connected byhose or other water tight connection so that the circulation ot' water may be ettected in l the tapered multiple-separate, valve con- D struction just as in the multiple one piece construction. The action .of this valve is apparent from Figs. l, 2,4 and y5. In Fig. fl Vis shown. a sprocket 7c which is attached to one end of the valve h and by chain b is driven at the proper speed from a suitable sprocket on the engine shaft a. In F igs. l and Zthis valve Iis driven right hand (clock wise) as indicated by arrow and the supply andv exhaust `ports are vprovided Vat the proper points to accommodate this direction lof revolution. In Figs. 4 and 5 the valve -is assumed to run in the opposite direction with theposition ofthe inlet and exhaust ports correspondingly reversed. Fig. l shows .l tionthat a clear passage is open `from the r cylinder across the valve and out through the exhaustfport fand valve in such posi i' the exhaust port. This passage' is of Athe i width shown and of a length equal'to the length of the port so that a very large area fis-open andone that Yopens andA closes quickly, thus making a moreetfective valve,

than the usual puppet form, with no torin tuous passages through which the'vg'ases go 'yvith diiiiculty. Rotation of the valve h.

opens the inlet 'port j. The movement of the vpiston then causes a new charge tofpass into the engine from th'e vsupply pipe a if the throttle s is opened-sufficiently topermit r4jth'is. While any'preferred form of throttle..

'maybev used, I have iitted to the port j, a

y vtube j. in which a throttle tube sis revolu V'50 Ible by 'means of a lever n. Through both :i vvelfthese tubes are cutregistering passages so arranged that when the throttle is. moved,

the passage is partly'or completely closed.v In Figs; 3,' 4 and A5, Vthe valve is so placed-l that the oil from the head of the pistonl will 4run into the valvepassage and lubricate'tha valve properly'. This arrangement Vcan be depended upon if the'air cooled fform shown in Figs. 1 and 2 vis .placed head downward but it,is preferable to use Oilers, not shown,V to lubricate the valve vwith the aircooled form of head upward. It is further preferable to placethe water'cooled form in an -inclined position,

1n the direction of the arrow closes-they vexj haust port f and immediately' thereafter lsothat the lower side ofthe chain?) is practically horizontal. This insures that any steam formed .near the valve rises to the opposite side of the cylinder without permitting the valve to get overheated. From the' drawings it will be seen that the port leading into the cylinder from the valve is completely surrounded by water, so that the entire upper half of the opening in which the valve and bushing ,is placed, is waterjacke'ted, while the lower half is exposed to the air and not to heating influence.l The hole h is lil'ledwith water, thus keeping the valve cool from the inside.

-This hole may beeused with the air cooled valve and permits much heat to be carried oit if the blast of air is directed through it properly.

After thedesired volume of charge is admitted, the continued rotation of the engine lcauses the piston to compress thischarge and also carries the valve intothe position shown in Fig. 4. At thispoint the explosien occurs and-the piston is driven `out ward on the working stroke, which de` creases the pressure as the valve rotates into y the position forl exhaustingv until, when near the close of the outward pist'onstroke, a I

long butnarrow passage is opened, permit#l ting the escape of the burned gases through theexhaust vport This passage widens 'and `isfull open before-the piston ,has rev turned half --ott-he exhaust stroke.` 'It closes at the close of the exhaust stroke, after which the' inlet passage opens and is full open as shown in Fig.A 5 atabout the middle of the suction stroke.

In Fig; 3 the section shows by arrows, theA course of the vcirculating water, partv ot vwhich passin through the usual pipe d, is deflected by` t e diaphragm e and caused to flow into the valvevhollow' z, and thencel out of the valve onthe opposite side of the deflectore. Another portion of the water passes around the outer end of the 'detlecto-r c withoutl Vmuch interruption, after v.which the full flow of water passes to the water jacket f of theengine cylinders in the usual manner. Thistlow of water is permittedby the use of a stuiing nut or box g with paoking g gland g2 and spring g3. An abutment for the spring g3 is provided at g4? consisting of Va washer clamped by thev nut or box The pipe d whichv` enters the valve has a flange integral withit between the nut orbox/g and the washer gtpwhich*maintains theparts in position without undue friction. To' permit easy removalot' the water connection and stuliing box, a h ose o joins the pipe d to the projcctingstub o1' permanently attached to the water jacket -.f.

It is quite evident that the water would pass completely through 'the valve as does theair in Fig. l it suitable stuliing boxes at each end-were provided but I have found that the small quantity passing-through as shown 1n Fig. 3 1s suthcient for all purposes and this permits the iise ing; the viilve in meente,

of a single stuffing bei; only.

l liiive slioivn in Fig'. 3 ii eollzii' 7) siii'- i'oiiiidiiig the vzilve :ind between the end oA the bushing m. iiiid the smiling box :or init g'.

in lfig. l5 shown :i biisliiiiggm tapered intei'iiiillv vvith :i single length valve ii lieving :it eiieli end, pi'ovision toi eiigzigiiigdiin pliezites und also having' iiiits m'L mi2 toi' holdpi'opei ieliit-ion lengthwise The hole /i is indicated by vviiiei' pipe connections een lixiiiiide heiiveen these sepiii'iite valves by simi-i lengths of hose oi' in otliei' self evident iiiiiiiiiei'.

Il Considered advantageous to have the evliiidei' poi't ot :is little depth :is possible to prevent needless loss oi'i lient and iii'v valve iii'i'iiiigeiiient seeiiies the leest possible poi't iiiii'i vulve siii'iiiee exposure.

li" is also :in advantage to have the port of Considerable length vvhei'e it enters the valve so that the :ii'iwi et ilie valve opening nifty qiiielilv i'eiieh the iniixiiiiuni. lt is evident tliiii. this length et poit ofinnot he obtained leng'tl vise of the eylindei' because this would deiniind ii long iind liii'ge compression space, lint it een be liiid with :i siniill Conipi'e Vii spziee liv placing it .Ci'ossivise of the c vliiidei' :ind pie'ei'fihly et one side of the Cylinder, :is shown in i vvliei'e the port is quite iiiiri-oiv iii i'eliitioii to oi' in the dii'eotion of the piston sti'olie ind quite long in i'elziliei'i to the evlindei' hoi'e, :is shown in i mine bushing. dotted lines und ind ii. single valve Common to 'i' vliiideis iiiid eonti'iilling' siiid combined iviih ii` vulve easing having :ind exhaust ports, meiiiis foi iiiei'ioi'l;7

' seid vulve. seid Cooling iiieiins einvalve,A

extending' vvithin the .i iviiliiii siiidpipe :ind means "iig siii( valve. seid valve having i eylindi'ieiil siii'i'iiee toi Coh vhe evliiide' ports niid open i entii'e length at the periphiiiid serving to etieet the iidiiiissioii and exhaust by :il-

eotiiig the elvliiidei' poi'ts. with ports and then the exhaust imliiistioii engine, iiiiilv with euch othei' and valve Common to .iid Controlling said t. with ii vulve easing having iist ports, ineens foi' interiorlv eenling seid valve, smid Cooling' ineens eniiifiilving i pipe entendi Y `vvithin ilie valve, :i del'leeloi' iiitliiii sind pipe :ind ineens epe'fiiiiiie' sind vzilve lim/'ing nl surface foi' Cooperation with the eylindei' pots open tlii'oiigiioiit their entire lengthgat the peiiphei'v of said valve and seiving7 to eipfeet the control of the admission end exhaust alternately Connecting the eylindei'pots withv the admission poi'ts'aiid theiithe'exhsiist ports seid valve beine' dis osed tensveifseli 7 D to the length ot the Cylinder end at one side 3. ln en inteinel combustion engine,.nnilf tiple Cylinders in line with each' ethei'end having poits, and i valve eoiitiolling said ports, eoiiihined `with a valve casing having' inlet and exhaust ports, ineens toi' in'tei'io'fly cooling said valve, `means to? operating said valve, said valve having depressions 'in the' peripheral suii'ziee thereof foi" eopeiation,

with the cylinder ports and disposed ti'iinsvesely oi"x the length ot the cylinder and et one side thereof and serving to eeot the Control of the admission and exhaust' tei'niitely connecting' the cylinder ports with the admission ports and then the-exhaust ports, pipe extending into said valve, i deeetoi' in said pipe, and a loyfpass fii'oiind`v the outei' end et' seid delectoi'.

The eoinbiiizition with an engine Cylinclgi', oit rotary valve, a stiitiping hor; et one end only thereof, a pipe extending into said valve and through said stutiing box, Ineens toi introducing a cooling liquid into said' pipe, indA a diaphragm in said pipe entending in the dii'eotion ot the length ther-eet to divide end deflect the Watei. 1

5. in combination With un engine ojylin dei', iotiii'v valve, a stiififing' looX it one end,

entii'e 'lei'ieth at the peri liei'f1 oi' the vs lve i valve easing'. having' inlet and exhaust ports, i pipe extending' into seid valve, and

:i deiieetoi' in said pipe, said depressions sei'vinp; 'o eileet the eontiol et the et ssion and exhaust bv eltei'netelv Connect evlindei' poi'ts With the zidinissioii'po then Ythe exhaust poi'ts.

7. ln en iiitei'niil combustion engine, niiiltiple @vlinders having' ports, valve e ol.- liiin' siiid poiits and having' depression' its .w Q A. .L L Cylindrical siii'niee iof ooopeistion with theevlindei' poi'ts and open thioiiihout their Weiitii'e length it the pei'ipliei'v' of the valve,

e. valve easing' having' inlet and .e2 winst ports, pipe extending' iilitoseid ve ii delieetoi in said pipe, Lind ,--piiss eieiind the outer end of said dellector, said depressions serving to effect the control of the admission and exhaust by altemately connect ingr the cylinder ports with the admission ports and then the exhaust ports.

ld. ln combination with an engine cylinder, a rotary valve, a stullingiv box at one end only thereof, and rotatable with said valve,

means passed through said stulinebor for introducing: a cooling lio'uid into said valve in the direction of the length thereof, and means Within said means for de'tleeting the ,Water and permittingabortion of the same valve, the end of said stuffing box serving); also to' hold said valve against endvvise movement, a pipe entering said valve and passed' through said stul'linn; box and held by said box, and means retained Within said bei; and serving;n as an abutment tor one end of said sprin'.

ll. ln a device of the character stated, multiple cylinders each having; a short depth porv combined "with single hollow rotary valve having non-tortuous longitudinally .elongated depressions in its' surface open at the periphery throughout their entire length for cooperation with said cylinder ports whereby port and valve surface exposure is reduced to a, minimum.

12. In an internal combustion engineunulytiple cylinders having ports in line With each other and a valve controlling` said ports and having; shallon7 longitudinally elongated segmental depressions in its cylindrical surface whereby a longr narron1 passage is provided near the close of the outward piston stroke to permit the direct escape of the burned gases through the exhaust pipe7 said valve being disposed transversely or' the length of the cylinder at one side thereof, combined with means for operating; said valve.

13. ln a device of the character statechw` multiple cylinders each having a short depth port, combined with a rotary-'valve havingshort depth longitudinally elongated seg'- mental depressions in its cylindrical surface Open at the periphery throughout their entire length for cooperation with said cylinder ports, whereby port and valve surface exposure is reduced to a minimum.

lu testimony vvhereo l affix my signature, in presence of tivo Witnesses.

CHARLES E. DURYE.

litnesses:

te. l). SMITH, Sum E. Continu.

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