UA85077U - Electrostatic precipitator for integrated gas purification - Google Patents

Abstract

An electrostatic precipitator for integrated gas purification comprises a body consisting of a number of fields divided into sections with systems of collecting electrodes in each section and corona-forming electrodes connected to DC and pulse voltage sources. The electrostatic precipitator is equipped with capacitors, whose plates are arranged in one plane, installed in front of each field perpendicular to the planes of collecting electrodes at a distance from the sections that is larger than the breakdown distance, and are made in the form of corona-forming electrodes of capacitors and counter electrodes. The corona-forming electrodes of capacitors are insulated from the housing and connected to the dc and pulse voltage sources and the counter electrodes are grounded. The corona-forming electrodes of capacitors are made in the form of sawtooth plates, whose sharp edges are directed to the systems of collecting electrodes and corona-forming electrodes. The counter electrodes of capacitors are the ends of collecting electrodes of systems, to which the corona-forming electrodes of capacitors are directed. The pulse power supply generates voltage pulses with a front of no more than 1 μs and repetition rate of at least 100 Hz.

Description

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The useful model belongs to the field of complex electric gas purification, namely to devices for electric purification of industrial gases from dispersed aerosol particles, dust, ash and harmful gases, such as sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides and others. | can be used at thermal power plants, in cement, metallurgical, chemical, petrochemical and other types of industry.

A well-known electric filter for cleaning gases (Russian Patent Mo 2008099 IPC VOZS 3/08, publ. 28.02.1994) from dispersed particles, consisting of a number of fields divided into sections with systems of deposition electrodes and crowning electrodes located in each section , connected to unipolar and pulse voltage sources. The pulse voltage source is short-pulsed, forming pulses with a duration of 0.1-5 μs, with an electric field strength amplitude in the filter gaps of 3-10 kV/cm, the electric filter has a capacitor installed in front of each field and between filter sections perpendicular to the planes of the deposition electrodes, made in the form of two mesh plates with a cross-section of 35-45 95, which are placed from each other at a distance greater than the penetration distance, while the capacitor is distant from the section at a distance greater than the penetration distance, one of its plates is grounded, and the other is isolated from the case and connected to the pulse voltage source.

The features that coincide with the essential features of the claimed utility model are as follows: the electrofilter consists of a number of fields divided into sections with systems of deposition electrodes and crowning electrodes located in each section, connected to a pulse voltage source, equipped with capacitors, made in the form of plates, which are installed in front of each field perpendicular to the planes of the deposition electrodes at a distance from the sections greater than the penetration distance, isolated from the case and connected to a pulse voltage source, and the counter electrodes are grounded.

The reason that prevents obtaining the required technical result should be attributed to the fact that in order to create a sufficient value of the electric field strength in the electrofilter, which is necessary for the effective purification of the gas stream, a powerful pulsed power source must be used.

The closest in terms of technical substance to the claimed useful model is an electric filter for complex gas purification (Patent of Ukraine Mo 96194 IPC VOZS 3/08 publ. 10.10.2011

From Bul. Mo 19, 2011), which contains a housing consisting of a number of fields divided into sections with systems of deposition electrodes and coronating electrodes located in each section, connected to sources of constant and pulsed voltage, equipped with installed in front of each field and between the sections of the filter, perpendicular to the planes of the deposition electrodes, capacitors made in the form of plates located from each other at a distance greater than the piercing distance, the capacitor is separated from the sections by a distance greater than the piercing, one of its plates is grounded, and the others are isolated from the body and connected to a pulsed power source, the plates of the capacitor are made in the form of crowning electrodes and counter electrodes located in the same plane and divided into sections with an electric capacity of 1-2 nF, crowning electrodes, capacitor sections are connected to their own pulsed power sources, that form voltage pulses of nanosecond duration in the range of 50-200 ns, and the counter electrodes grounded pulse sources connected in parallel to sources of constant voltage powering the fields of the electrofilter, generating voltage pulses of microsecond duration in the range of 50-200 μs, the current in pulses is selected according to the formula I - SЩЩ/tТ.

The features that coincide with the essential features of the claimed utility model are as follows: the electrostatic precipitator for complex gas purification contains a housing consisting of a number of fields divided into sections with systems of deposition electrodes and coronating electrodes located in each section, connected with sources of constant and pulsed voltage, equipped with capacitors, the plates of which are located in one plane, installed in front of each field perpendicular to the planes of the deposition electrodes at a distance from the sections greater than the piercing one, and made in the form of electrodes of capacitors that crown and counter electrodes, electrodes of capacitors, which are crowned, isolated from the body and connected to sources of constant and pulsed voltage, and the counter electrodes are grounded.

The reason that prevents obtaining the required technical result should be attributed to the fact that in the design of the electrostatic precipitator, in order to create a sufficient value of the electric field strength in the discharge intervals, necessary for the effective purification of the gas flow, an additional source of pulsed power is used, which leads to an increase in electrical costs.

The useful model is based on the task of improving the design of the electrostatic precipitator for complex gas purification by changing the design of the capacitor electrodes and the parameters of the voltage pulses, which will increase the intensity of the electric field of the electrostatic precipitator and intensify the charging of the particles of the gas flow, thereby increasing the degree of purification of the gas flow.

The essence of the useful model is that the electrostatic precipitator for complex gas purification contains a housing consisting of a number of fields divided into sections with systems of deposition electrodes and coronating electrodes located in each section, connected to sources of constant and pulsed voltage, equipped capacitors, the plates of which are located in the same plane, installed in front of each field perpendicular to the planes of the deposition electrodes at a distance from the sections greater than the piercing one, and made in the form of corona capacitor electrodes and counter electrodes, the corona capacitor electrodes are isolated from the case and connected to the sources of constant and pulsed voltage, and the counter electrodes are grounded, according to a useful model, the electrodes of the coronating capacitor are made in the form of saw-like plates, the sharp edges of which are directed to the systems of deposition electrodes and coronating electrodes, and the counter electrodes of the capacitors are the ends of the deposition electrodes systems, to which the crowning capacitor electrodes are directed, while the pulsed power source forms voltage pulses with a front duration of no more than 1 µs and a tracking frequency of at least 100 Hz.

Revealing the cause-and-effect relationship between the set of essential features and its technical result, it is necessary to note the following.

The signs of "crowning capacitor electrodes are made in the form of sawdust-like plates, the sharp edges of which are directed to the systems of deposition electrodes and coronating electrodes, and the counter electrodes of the capacitors are the ends of the deposition electrodes of the systems to which the crowning capacitor electrodes are directed, while the pulse source the power supply forms voltage pulses with an edge duration of no more than 1 μs and a tracking frequency of at least 100

Gu" - allow to increase the intensity of the electric field of the electrostatic precipitator and intensify the charging of particles of the gas flow and, due to this, increase the degree of purification of the gas flow.

It is known from literary sources that the degree of gas purification directly depends on the magnitude of the electric field strength in the discharge gap of the electrofilter field, such

Thus, an increase in the intensity of the electric field leads to an increase in the drift speed of particles of the dust and gas flow and an increase in the degree of their deposition in the fields of the electrostatic precipitator.

The electrodes of the capacitor made in this way make it possible to create a non-uniform electric field, thereby increasing the intensity of the electric field of the electrofilter and intensifying the formation of active radicals and the pre-charging of solid particles of the gas stream. Also, such a solution makes it possible to reduce the resistance to the passage of dust and gas flow through the electrostatic precipitator and significantly simplify its design. The use of a common power supply system with sources of constant and pulse voltage, which are connected in series, for sections of systems of corona electrodes and electrodes of corona capacitors, in which the pulse power source forms voltage pulses with a front duration of not more than 1 μs and a follow-up frequency of not less than 100 Hz, allows you to form a high-voltage pulse, the amplitude of which significantly exceeds the level of constant supply voltage, which leads to obtaining the required form of supply voltage and increases its output amplitude, and, as a result, allows you to increase the intensity of the electric field and the degree of purification of the gas flow. This solution also allows to increase the reliability of the power supply system and reduce the total power consumption.

The scheme of the electrofilter for complex gas purification is shown in the drawing, where in fig. 1 shows the scheme of the electrostatic precipitator, and Fig. 2 - the scheme of the capacitor of the electrofilter with the electrodes of the corona capacitors and the counter electrodes.

Electrofilter for complex gas purification (Fig. 1) contains a housing 1, consisting of a number of fields 2, divided into sections C with systems of deposition electrodes 4 and crowning electrodes 5 (Fig. 2) located in each section, which are connected with sources of constant voltage 6 and pulse voltage 7, equipped with capacitors 8, the plates of which are made in the form of electrodes of capacitors 9, which are coronated, and counter-electrodes of capacitors 10, which are the ends of the deposition electrodes of systems 4, to which the electrodes of capacitor 9, which are crowned, are directed.

The electrodes of the capacitors 9, which are crowned, are located in one plane, installed in front of each field 2 perpendicular to the planes of the deposition electrodes of the systems 4 at a distance from the sections 3 greater than the piercing one.

The electrodes of the coronating capacitors 9 are isolated from the case 1 and connected to the sources of constant and pulse voltage 7, and the counter electrodes 10 (the ends of the deposition electrodes of the systems 4 to which the coronating electrodes of the capacitor 9 are directed) are grounded.

The electrodes of the capacitor 9, which crown, are made in the form of saw-shaped plates, the sharp edges of which are directed to the systems of deposition electrodes 4 and electrodes 5, which crown.

Pulse power supply 7 forms voltage pulses with a front duration of no more than 1 μs and a tracking frequency of no less than 100 Hz.

Electrofilter works as follows.

When the filter is turned on, a high voltage of the required form is supplied to the electrode systems of the filter 5, which are coronated, and the electrodes of the capacitors 9, which are coronated.

The constant and pulse components of high voltage create a non-uniform electric field and a dense volume charge in the active filtering zone between the electrode systems 4, 5 of the electrofilter and the capacitors 8.

The gas, which contains solid particles and oxides of sulfur and nitrogen, enters the body of the electrostatic precipitator 1 and passes through the electrodes of the capacitors 9, which crown. Under the influence of a sharply inhomogeneous electric field and a dense volume charge formed in the zone between the counter electrodes of the capacitor 10 and the coronating electrodes of the capacitor 9, solid particles begin to intensively accumulate an electric charge on their surfaces, and sulfur and nitrogen oxides begin to interact with free radicals of oxygen, which are also formed as a result of the influence of an inhomogeneous electric field.

After the preliminary exposure, the gas enters the sections C of the fields of the electrofilter 2 and enters the systems of deposition electrodes 4 and electrodes 5, which are coronated, where under the influence of a strong electric field, the solid particles of the gas flow move in the direction of the deposition electrodes of systems 4 and simultaneously with the gas flow along them for further cleaning.

The impulse component of the voltage neutralizes the effect of positively charged ions, which are formed when there is a large amount of deposited dust on the electrodes, and intensifies the formation of free oxygen radicals, which further oxidize sulfur and nitrogen oxides. Oxygen free radicals, when interacting with lower oxides of sulfur and nitrogen, convert them into higher oxides, which are adsorbed by solid

With particles and deposited on the deposition electrodes of electrofilter systems 4.

After hitting the surface of the deposition electrodes of systems 4, solid particles are shaken to the bottom of the electrofilter housing and removed from it. Purified gas that has passed through a number of electrofilter fields is released into the atmosphere.

Thus, the use of an electrostatic precipitator for complex gas purification will allow to increase the intensity of the electric field of the electrostatic precipitator and to intensify the charging of the particles of the gas flow and, due to this, to increase the degree of purification of the gas flow.

Claims (1)

FORMULATION OF THE USEFUL MODEL Electrofilter for complex gas purification containing a housing consisting of a number of fields divided into sections with systems of deposition electrodes and crowning electrodes located in each section, connected to sources of constant and pulsed voltage, equipped with capacitors, plates which are located in the same plane, installed in front of each field perpendicular to the planes of the deposition electrodes at a distance from the sections greater than the piercing one, and made in the form of electrodes of coronating capacitors and counter electrodes, the electrodes of coronating capacitors are isolated from the case and connected to DC sources and pulse voltage, and the counter electrodes are grounded, which differs in that the electrodes of the coronating capacitor are made in the form of saw-like plates, the sharp edges of which are directed to the systems of deposition electrodes and electrodes that crown, and the counter electrodes of the capacitors are the ends of the deposition electrodes of the systems, to which c directed electrodes of the corona capacitor, while the pulsed power source forms voltage pulses with a front duration of no more than 1 μs and a follow-up frequency of at least 100 Hz.