UA79084U - Axial magneto-electric generator - Google Patents

Abstract

An axial magneto-electric generator comprises a stationary stator with a toroidal-shaped magnetic core made from strip electrotechnical steel and a winding installed thereon, and a movable rotor with axial oriented constant magnets installed on a dielectric disc-shaped support, all rotor magnets are oriented by the like poles towards the same direction, and opposite poles – towards the opposite direction; on the stator before the magnetic core one or few constant magnets are mounted, axially installed by poles towards the like poles of rotor magnets.

Description

((51) IPC

КИ НО2К 21/12 (2006.01) and nogk 21/24 (2006.01)

PUBLIC SERVICE

INTELLECTUAL

PROPERTIES

UKRAINE

(12) ОПИС ДО ПАТЕНТУ НА КОРИСНУ МОДЕЛЬ нЛляМШЛМНЛООВООНВЦ ТТ ЮІЕИКККІІИІІІІІОООТІТЬЬОООЬЬИЕІШШШШШШОЛІО.О ООЛІООИООВВОВООЛОВЛЛІЕИТОКОЛИЛОЬИХОХВОИСТЛООХХЬТТЬТЬИТНЬТЬТЬОСХХІХОТЛТИТТООХЗООТОВОООООВВЛОЛОВТИИОТОТИОТОИТНЯ» (21) Номер заявки: и 2012 11863 (72) Винахідник(и): (22) Дата подання заявки: 15.10.2012 крегуб Микопа Іларіонович (ОА), (OA) . Volodymyr Viktorovych of Ozyr; (24) the effective date is 04/10/2013 Grebenikov Viktor Volodymyrovych (SHA), rava on useful model: Maxim Vasyliovych Pryimak (OA) (46) Publication of information 04/10/2013, Byul.Mo 7 (73). Owners): about issuing a patent: Mykola Ilarionovych Tregub, st. Kursova, 37, sq. 60, Bila Tserkva,

Kyiv region, 09116 (OA),

Kozyrsky Volodymyr Viktorovych, str. A. Bubnova, 40, sq. 38, Kyiv-40, 03040 (А),

Grebenikov Viktor Volodymyrovych, str. Generala Naumov, 19, sq. 89, Kyiv-164, 03164 (OD), -

Maksym Vasyliovych Priymak, str. Berezhanska, 20, sq. 55, Kyiv-2o1, "g 04201 (OA) ro - - (c) (54) AXIAL MAGNETOELECTRIC GENERATOR b -----ЗЗ t 4 l 6 6 8 ll l Сл l l t l t t ll ll I ll l T6 T6l TT ТЯ TT ТЮЮ 6 Х С О 6 898Щ8ЩХЩЯ-Yaoo - i-i (57) Abstract

An axial magnetoelectric generator consisting of a stationary stator, a magnetic conductor of a toroidal shape, made of strip electrical engineering steel and with a winding on it, and a movable rotor with axially oriented permanent magnets installed on its peripheral dielectric disk-like part, and all the rotor magnets are oriented with identical poles on one side and opposite poles on the other side, and one or more permanent magnets are rigidly fixed on the stator in front of the magnet wire, axially installed with poles to the identical poles of the rotor magnets.

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A useful model belongs to electrical engineering, in particular to generators of the synchronous type with permanent magnets mounted on an annular rotor with poles in the axial direction. Such generators can be used in various sectors of the national economy to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, for example, in gearless wind power plants and low-pressure hydroelectric power plants.

Different types and designs of generators for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy are known, among which electric generators with permanent magnets are considered the most simple and reliable |Balagurov V.A. Electric generators with permanent magnets/

V.A. Balagurov, F.F. Galateev - M: Znergoatomizdat, 1988. - 280 p. Such electric generators are traditionally used on tractors and wind power plants. At the same time, known types of synchronous generators with permanent magnets can in principle be with fixed magnets and moving windings, or vice versa, with moving magnets and fixed windings. Non-contact generators with stationary windings are considered more reliable, for example, (D.A. But. Beskontaktnie zlektrichescheskie mashin / D.A. But. - M.: Vyssh. shk., 1990. - 416 p.)

A well-known electric generator with permanent magnets on the rotor for wind turbines (Patent on cor. mod. Me38530, Ukraine. Wind generator with toothed stator, application Mets200809958, 31.07.2008; publ. 12.01.2009, Bull. Mo1, 2009), in which the stator made with grooves and a winding in them, and permanent magnets with pole shoes shifted relative to the axis to reduce the moment of displacement and pulsations are installed on the rotor. In such a generator, there are no moving electrical contacts and the force effect of magnets is balanced to a certain extent. However, the main fundamental disadvantage of this, as well as many other known similar electric generators of radial configuration with permanent magnets on the rotor, is the asymmetric placement of the magnetic material and the spatial limitation of the maximum number of poles.

A common feature of the known and proposed electric generator described above is the installation of permanent magnets on a rotating rotor and the absence of moving electrical contacts with a stationary stator winding.

One of the analogues of the intended useful model should be considered the well-known electric generator of end execution | Patent on cor. fashion Mo26359, Ukraine. Electric generator from the end, application Metsy200706958, 20.06.2007; published 10.09.2007, Bull. Me14, 2007|, in which the stator is made in the form of a toroidal core with windings, and permanent magnets are installed on the end rotor, the polarity of which alternates; differs in that the ends of the core have grooves in which single-layer or double-layer windings are inserted, which makes it possible to increase energy performance. In such a generator, the axial direction of the magnetic flux does not coincide with the direction of the centrifugal forces of the rotor in the gap, and the length of the magnet wire is minimal.

However, the design of this generator involves the installation of permanent magnets on the rotating part of the rotor with only one pole to the stator core, which does not allow rational use of all its magnetic material. In addition, the performance of the stator inside the externally installed rotor significantly limits the dimensions of the stator and makes it difficult to remove the contacts of the armature winding through the axis.

A common feature of the proposed generator and this analogue is the installation of permanent magnets on the rotor with poles in the axial direction.

Another analogue of the proposed electric generator is the well-known electric machine with permanent magnets | Decl. stalemate. Meb0003 НО2К21/26, 16/00 Electric machine, application

Mo2003010254 dated 10.01.2003, publ. 15.09.2003, Bull. Me9|, in which permanent magnets and cores with a winding are mounted on movable end cases rotating in different directions, and the cores are made of a steel tape wrapping a spiral winding. In generator mode, such an electric machine really allows you to more efficiently convert a mechanical one

BO energy into electric.

A common feature of this analogue and the proposed generator is the performance of the magnetic conductor from strip-shaped electrical engineering steel. However, the significant disadvantages here are the one-sided use of the magnetic flux of only one pole of the permanent magnets, as well as the presence of movable power contacts of the collector.

Another analogue to the proposed magnetoelectric generator is the well-known electric machine |Dekl. patent of Ukraine on cor. fashion Mo11336, НО2К29/00, 53/00, 57/00,

Electromagnetic engine. Application Me200506294 dated 25.06.2005, publ. 15.12.2005, Bull. Mo12, 2005), in which permanent magnets are installed on the peripheral part of a disk-shaped rotating rotor with axially placed opposite poles between axially installed pole protrusions of the stator magnetic wires and fixed windings and polarized magnets on the magnetic wires, and the stator windings are connected according to a four-phase circuit and connected to the switch. Here, indeed, all permanent magnets are installed with both poles to the pole protrusions of the closed magnetic conductors, therefore, in the electric motor mode, such an electric machine has a high efficiency. The common features of the proposed generator and this analogue are the placement of axially oriented permanent magnets on the peripheral part of the rotating rotor, installed between the axially located pole protrusions of the magnetic conductor of the stator, on which the fixed windings are wound.

However, the essential fundamental disadvantages of this analogue are the placement of permanent magnets on a metal disk, which causes losses from eddy currents, as well as the installation of a plane of electrotechnical steel plates on the pole protrusions of the stator magnet wires perpendicular to the direction of movement of the rotor magnets, and with such a design, the fundamental impossibility of making these magnet wires from tape electrical steel. In addition, such an electric machine in generator mode will be inefficient due to the branched magnetic circle of the stator and the installation of additionally polarized permanent magnets on it.

The closest analog in terms of technical essence and design (prototype) to the useful model is the magnetoelectric axial generator | Decl. patent of Ukraine on cor. fashion Me71835,

НО2К2г1/12, Magnetoelectric axial generator, application No. 201201144 dated 06.02.2012, publ. 25.07.2012, Bull. Mo14, 2012, in which axially oriented permanent magnets are installed on the peripheral disk-like part of the rotor, made of dielectric non-magnetic material, which allows to reduce eddy current losses. The stator magnetic wire, with the winding on it, is made of toroidal form from tape electrical steel, where the planes of the tapes in the air axial gap are set perpendicular to the planes of the poles of the magnets on the end peripheral part of the rotor and parallel to the circular velocity vector of their movement, which ensures a simple manufacturing technology, integrity and the minimum length of the magnet wire and reduction of magnetic vibrations. With such a design, it is possible to make an electric generator both with a full circle and with an arc-shaped segmental stator. The described design features of the prototype are common features for the intended utility model.

However, if permanent magnets are installed on the rotor alternating on one side from different poles, energy losses occur due to transverse magnetic scattering fluxes that spread between the opposite poles of two adjacent magnets through the pole protrusions of the magnetic conductors in the transverse direction without creating an electromotive force in the stator winding.

In addition, one of the most difficult technical problems in such generators is the provision of minimal axial air gaps between the poles of the rotor magnets and the pole

With 5 protrusions of the magnetic conductor of the stator. Under the condition of alternating poles of different names of permanent magnets on one side of the rotor, it is fundamentally impossible to install a non-contact magnetic damper to maintain a minimum air gap, which acts on the principle of repulsion of poles of the same name of permanent magnets.

The useful model is based on the task of reducing the magnetic scattering fluxes and associated energy losses of the magnetoelectric generator and ensuring minimal air gaps between the poles of the rotor magnets and the pole protrusions of the stator magnetic conductor.

The task is achieved due to the fact that all axially oriented permanent magnets of the rotor are installed with the poles of the same name on one side and rigidly fixed on its peripheral disc-like part, which does not cause transverse magnetic fluxes of dispersion through the pole protrusions of the stator magnetic wires. In order to maintain a constant air gap between the poles of the rotor magnets and the pole protrusions of the magnetic conductors of the stator, a permanent magnet is immovably installed on the stator, oriented in the axial direction to the poles of the rotor magnets by the poles of the same name.

List of figures and drawings.

BO In Fig. 1 schematically shows the general appearance and location of the functional parts of the rotor and stator of the generator. In Fig. 2 shows the view of the radial bend of the section of the stator magnet wire with the winding and the position of the poles of the rotor magnet in the gap. In Fig. C shows the view of the radial section through the place of installation on the stator of a permanent magnet with a screw regulator of the axial gap.

The technical essence of the proposed generator is explained using its graphic image (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3). The stationary stator of the generator consists of a body frame 1 and separate mutually offset stator sections of magnetic conductors 2, rolled from strip electrical engineering steel into a toroidal package on which the winding 3 is wound. The generator rotor consists of a ring-shaped frame 4 mounted on a shaft 5 on rigid bo rods b. The peripheral part of the ring-shaped frame A is made of diamagnetic dielectric material, on which permanent magnets 7 are fixed, oriented all to one side with the same poles in the axial direction. A fixed magnet 8 fixed in a dielectric housing 9 with adjusting screws 10 for adjusting the axial gap is installed on the stator housing in front of the stator sections. The end planes of the poles of the magnets have a mostly rectangular shape and a width equal to the distance between adjacent magnets, denoted by size B. The end parts of the magnet wires of the stator sections are set relative to each other at a distance of 4/3 B along the arc of the rotation circle. This ensures the formation of a symmetrical three-phase EMF system of individual sections and balances the force effect of the magnetic field.

The principle of operation of the proposed axial magnetoelectric generator is that when the ring-shaped rotor 4 with permanent magnets 7 installed on it is rotated by a mechanical drive with a frequency Ф, there is a periodic change in the magnitude of the magnetic flux in the magnetic conductor 2 of the stator. Transverse magnetic flux dispersion between adjacent poles of magnets through the pole protrusion of the magnetic conductor does not occur, because the adjacent poles in the proposed design are of the same name on one side, unlike the prototype. Winding 3 is wound on the magnetic conductor of the stator, in which a flux linkage occurs due to a change in flux

The emf is of variable periodic form, and current flows when the load is connected. Since the end gaps of individual sections of the stator magnetic wires are set relative to each other at a distance of 4/3B5 along the arc of the rotation circle of the rotor magnets, they generate emfs, mutually phase-shifted in time by a third of the period, which ensures a symmetrical three-phase system. To maintain a constant air gap between the poles of the rotor magnets and the pole protrusions of the stator magnetic wires in front of the sections of the magnetic wires on the stator housing, a permanent magnet 8, oriented in the axial direction to the poles of the rotor magnets by the poles of the same name, is immovably installed. Passing between the poles of the magnet 8 fixed on the stator, the rotor magnet 7 is repelled from both poles of the same name to the middle position, compensating for possible uneven attraction of the rotor magnet 7 to the pole protrusion of the magnetic conductor 2 of the stator through the housing. The magnet's attraction to one pole protrusion is compensated by the repulsion between the poles of the same name, the strength of which increases when the poles of the same name are brought closer together. Such magnetic dampers of the size of the air gap can be installed either only from the side of the entry of the rotor magnets into the space between the pole protrusions from the magnetic conductor of the first section of the stator, or also at the exit from the last section.

Claims (1)

FORMULA OF THE USEFUL MODEL An axial magnetoelectric generator consisting of a fixed stator, a toroidal magnetic conductor of which is made of strip electrical steel and with a winding on it and a movable rotor with axially oriented permanent magnets installed on its peripheral dielectric disc-like part, which is characterized by that all the rotor magnets are oriented with the same poles on one side and the opposite poles on the other side, and one or more permanent magnets are rigidly fixed on the stator in front of the magnetic conductor, 40 axially installed with poles to the same poles of the rotor magnets.