UA52837C2 - Vibration screen "quartz" - Google Patents

Abstract

Invention concerns the technology of division of lump abrasives according to the size and can be used in mining, construction and other fields of industry. Vibration screen does contain a frame, housing in the form of duct with the sifting surfaces (sieves) placed in it from the elastic material and vibration exciter mounted on the frame with the help of vibration insulators, each sifting surface is made in the form of planes from rectangular sections rigidly connected between them and mounted along broken line, conditionally inscribed into the circle of radius R, in this case a quantity of planes is determined by the value , where α - central angle of plane, which varies within the range from 2° to 10°. Sifting surface from the zone of loading into the zone of unloading is made from 2 ÷ 5 planes, angle of slope of the plane of unloading zone of sifting surface is multiple to 5° and is equal to β1 = (1 ÷ 3) х 5°, and angle of the slope of following planes with respect to loading zone is determined by expression βn = βn-1 + β0, where β0 - are integers from 2° to 10° of numerical row moreover, the length of each plane is equal to Technical result of invention consists in increase of separating efficiency of the flow of high-abrasive ground material and increase in the productivity of grating.

Description

The invention relates to the technique of separating lumpy abrasive materials by size classes and can be used in mining, construction and other industries.

A vibrating sieve is known (author's certificate of the USSR Mo 1260045, cl. MKYE В 07 В 1/40, publ. 09/30/86 -- analog), which includes a box inside which is a mesh made of interconnected sections, installed at different angles to the horizontal. At the same time, the interconnected sections of the grid are made in the form of pairs of triangles, and the vertices of one pair of triangles are located between the bases of neighboring pairs.

The disadvantage of the specified technical solution is the low operational reliability of the sieving surface of the grid and the screening efficiency of highly abrasive hard materials.

In terms of its technical essence and the result that can be achieved, the closest thing is a vibrating multi-sieve screen (author's certificate of the USSR Me 1512685, cl. MKYE В 07 В 1/00, publ. 07.10.89 -- prototype), which includes a frame, installed on the frame with the help of vibration isolators, a box with sieves placed in it one under the other with different angles of inclination and a vibration exciter, and the angle of inclination of the lower sieve is determined from the ratio: -3 in - Chad. 1910-82), 9/A.o.-soBr where a: - the size of the holes of the lower sieve, m;

A - amplitude of sieve oscillations, m;

Ф - frequency of vibrations of the sieve, с"; р - angle of vibration, deg., and the angles of inclination of the next higher sieves and the size of their openings are determined from the ratios: ой - Ki; Ani - Kai, where Ki - 1.8...2, 0; Ko - 1.6...2.0 - denominators of geometric progressions; and ой, а; - respectively, the angle of inclination and the size of the holes of the ith sieve.

The length of the upper sieve is equal to 0.4...0.5 the length of the sieve located below it, and the sieve is equipped with a springboard placed on the unloading edge of the upper sieve and a lining plate placed on the lower sieve under the springboard.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the complexity of the screen design and significant material consumption. The low efficiency of separation of the flow of solid materials in the specified technical solution is caused by the fact. that the angle of inclination of each higher-placed sieve is strictly fixed and greater than the lower one. As a rule, the efficiency of material separation is determined by the thickness of the layer of the flow of crushed material, the speed of its movement along the plane of the sieves, the size of the cells and the amplitude of the oscillations of the sieves. With significant loads on the sieve of the prototype, that is, a large thickness of the layer of material being sifted on the upper sieve and a high linear speed of movement of the material due to a large angle of inclination of the upper sieve, low sieve productivity and insignificant screening efficiency with the selection of 3 and 4 are ensured products on the lower sieves.

The technical result of the invention is an increase in the efficiency of separation of the flow of highly abrasive crushed material and an increase in screening productivity.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the vibrating screen contains a frame, a box-shaped body installed on the frame with the help of vibration isolators with sieving surfaces (sieves) made of elastic material and a vibration exciter, each sieving surface is made in the form of planes of rectangular sections, rigidly with connected to each other and installed along a broken line, conditionally 360" p -wZHVK -- - -- inscribed in a circle of radius HB, while the number of planes is determined by the value o, where o is the central angle of the plane and varies from 27 to 10" . The sieving surface from the loading zone to the unloading zone is made of 2 - 5 planes, the angle of inclination of the plane of the unloading zone of the sieving surface is a multiple of 5" and is equal to Di - (1 -- 3) x 5", and the angle of inclination of the following planes to the loading zone is 360" is defined by the expression: Вп - Дп-и - Ро, where До are integers from 2" to 10" of the numerical series По, and the length of -2ВАх віп/80. of each plane is equal to по.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that one or more sifting surfaces, placed one above the other, are made in the form of a fragment of the side surface of a regular or irregular polyhedron, conventionally inscribed along the arc of the corresponding generating (parabola, cycloid, etc.) curvature of the radius A, and rectangular sections of the planes of the sieving surfaces are reinforced with elastic inserts and are made of rubber or polyurethane with square, round or rectangular shells, while the vector of oscillations (vibrations) of the sieving surface in the loading zone is directed in the direction of solid material movement, and in the unloading zone - in the opposite direction.

The invention is illustrated and explained by drawings, where Fig. 1 schematically shows a vibrating screen, Fig. 2 shows view A in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 shows a section B-B of Fig. 1 (a fragment of the sieving surface), Fig. 4 shows the principle diagram of the formation of the profile of the screening surface of the screen, in Fig. 5 - the variant of the formation of the profile of the screening surface of the screen.

The vibrating screen (Fig. 1) contains a housing 1 with a loading device 2 and is installed on the inner frame C of the screen. Body 1 and frame C are connected by means of vibration isolators 4, symmetrically installed in the loading and unloading parts of the screen. The inner frame 3 is installed on the vibrating base 5, connected to the outer frame 6 of the screen with the help of hydraulic shock absorbers 7 (fig. 1 and 2). Elastic shock absorbers 8 are installed between the outer frame 6 and the inner frame Z. The outer frame 6 is installed on the foundation (not shown).

On the side surface of the housing 1 (Fig. 1), made in the form of a box (or chute, cylinder), at least one eccentric vibration exciter 9 is installed, fixed on the shaft 10, which is rotated by means of a drive (not shown). To adjust the amplitude and direction of the vector of oscillations (vibration) of the body 1, on the vibration exciter 9, sockets (holes) 11 are made for establishing imbalances (not shown).

A sieving surface 12 or several sieving screens (12 and 13) located one above the other is installed inside the housing 1. Each sieving surface of the screen 12 and 13 consists of a set of separately installed rectangular sections 14, which are closely adjacent to each other. Sections 14 (Fig. 3) are made of elastic wear-resistant material (for example, rubber or polyurethane), contain cells (holes) 15, jumpers 16, which are reinforced with elastic inserts 17, made, for example, of fiberglass, to increase the stiffness of the sections. The shells 16 are made cone-shaped, expanding in the direction of the back plane T of the sections 14 (in Fig. 3, the working plane P of the sections is located on top, and the non-working - the back side T is below), and in plan the shells 15 are made square, round or rectangular (slotted ), the size of the cells is set taking into account the requirements of the screening technology of solid materials.

The sieving surface 12 is formed in the form of planes by fixing several rectangular sections 14 along the broken line of the arc of the BB circle of radius Ni from the loading zone to the screen unloading zone (Fig. 4).

The sieving surface 12 is a fragment of a regular polyhedron with planes Ka (Ki -- Ku), inscribed in a circle of radius Vi (the product can be represented by another flat figure, for example, a parabola or a cycloid). The length of its planes Ki, the angle of inclination ri - To, the number n of planes of the sieving surface 12 and, accordingly, the radius Vi of the creative circle are determined by the requirements of the screening technology of solid materials.

It was experimentally established that for the separation of lumpy fractions of the -100 Ohm class, the angle of inclination of the Ki plane of the unloading zone of vibrating screens is a multiple of 5" and is equal to Di - (1 -- 3) x 5". The angle of inclination Dp of each subsequent plane Ki to the unloading zone of the screen is equal to Vp - Dp-i - Vo, where Do are integers from 360" 27 to 10" of the numerical series Po, where n is the number of planes of the sieving surface, placed along the broken line and inscribed (conditionally) in a circle. The length of Ii sieving surface 12 along the arc BB is equal to Ii - P x y, where y is the length of the Ky plane. The length 61 corresponds to the length of each plane, for example, a regular one

That - 2c. x vp/80. of a polyhedron inscribed in a circle of radius Vi, and is equal to po, and the number of planes n 360" n--- shgt- is determined by the value o, where is - the central angle of the plane and varies from 2" to 10". As a rule, to ensure requirements of the screening technology, the number of n planes Ki of the screening surface 12 of the vibrating screen is equal to n o - 2 - 5 (in Fig. 1, the number of planes is n - 4). The angle of inclination 91 of the screening surface 12 of the BB arc is determined taking into account the requirements of the screening technology.

For the separation of lumpy fractions with a size of -400 and -100 mm, the sieving surface 13 (Fig. 5) is formed by the method described above, but it is more acceptable to fix the planes K" and the plane Ke along the arc SOE of a circle of radius A". The sieving surface 13 is an irregular polyhedron (as shown in Fig. 1 and 5), inscribed (conditionally) in a circle of radius Аг (the arc SOE can be a fragment of another flat shape, for example, parabolas, cycloids). As a rule, the length of the sieving surface 13 is equal to 2 - x 2, and the number of p»o planes of the surface 13 corresponds to the number of planes n of the sieving surface 12 (po - n), the angle of inclination of the planes K5 of the unloading zone of the screen is equal to ro - ri, the angle of inclination of the Kee plane of the loading zone is equal to DVv - ra (Fig. 1). The tracking angle 92 of the inclination of the sieving surface 13 of the SOE arc is determined taking into account the requirements of the screening technology of coarse lump fractions. As a rule, the angles U: and O» are equal.

The vibrating screen works as follows.

Depending on the requirements of screening technology, the shape and number of screening surfaces of the screening screen, the angle of inclination Di and the length of the planes Ki are selected for the separation of the flow of solid material by size using an experimental or calculation method. The appropriate number of imbalances is set on the eccentric vibrator 9 in the sockets 11. From the screen drive, the rotation of the eccentric vibration exciter 9 is transmitted with the help of shaft 10. The operating mode of the screen is set with the specified amplitude and angle 0 of the direction of the vector A of oscillations (vibrations), if necessary, the operating mode is adjusted. The amplitude of vibrations of the screen and the angle 01: of the direction of the vector A: oscillations (vibrations) in the loading zone of the screen are set in the direction of the movement of the material in such a way that the layer of solid material flow is quickly distributed over the screening surface 12 and 13 of the screen with a decrease in the thickness of the material flow. In the unloading zone, the screen amplitude and the angle d2 of the direction of the vibration vector Аг are set in the direction opposite to the movement of the material, in such a way as to reduce the speed of the flow of solid material and provide conditions for effective sieving of pieces of solid material, the size of which is comparable (or smaller) to the size of the cells 15 (schematically, the amplitude vector A and the angle 9 of the vibration direction are shown in Fig. 1).

After entering the working mode of screening, lumpy solid material is fed into the loading device 2 of the screen, while the loading device allows to evenly distribute the flow of solid material over the entire sieving surface of the loading zone of the screen 13 or 12, while forming one sieving surface of the vibrating screen.

For the variant with two (or more) sieving surfaces, lumpy material is fed to the loading plane Ke of the sieving surface 13 with an angle of inclination r. Due to the fact that the Kee loading plane has an angle of inclination ре » Ко (taking into account the direction of the screen vibration vector), the solid material moves along the working planes of the sieving surface at a speed Ме » М5. At the same time, the thickness of the material flow layer on the Ke plane is sharply reduced and favorable conditions are provided for material separation by size. Pieces of material - the sub-sieve screening product, the size of which is smaller than the size of the cells 15 of sections 14 of the Ke and K" planes of the surface 13, are sent to the surface 12, and the pieces of material, the size of which is comparable to or larger than the size of the cells 15 (over-sieve product), are sent to further processing .

The sieve product of the sieving surface 13 is directed to the working plane P of the sieving surface 12. The dynamics of screening on the surface 12 is similar to the process of separation of the flow of solid material on the surface 13. However, unlike the above, the process of separation of the flow of solid material consists in the fact that the planes Ка, Кз , Ko and Ki have an angle Вп, which regularly decreases, according to the expression: Ди - Рлы- - Ко. In this case, due to the fact that ra » Drz » ro » ri, the speed of movement of the material flow on the sieving surface 12 decreases uniformly - Ma. » Mz » Ma » Mi, the thickness of the material layer, taking into account its sifting through the cells 15, on each of the planes Ka-1 of the surface 12 decreases uniformly. This provides the conditions for increasing the efficiency of sieving pieces of solid material with the separation of the under- and over-sieve product of the sieving surface 12. As a rule, the cells 15 of the sieving surface 12 have a shape and size that allow to ensure the final size of the solid material specified by the requirements of the grinding technology.

The elastic inserts 17 increase the rigidity of the sections 14 and due to the additional resonant effect of the Ki planes, they strengthen the screening process and cleaning of the screening surfaces 12 and 13 of the vibrating screen.

The dynamic action of the screen body 1 is reduced by vibration isolators 4 symmetrically installed in the loading and unloading parts of the screen. The vertical dynamic component of vibration transmitted to the internal frame 3 is significantly reduced by the vibration base 5, and the reinforcement of the dynamic action on the flow of solid material of the screen body 1 is provided by hydraulic shock absorbers 7. The horizontal dynamic component of vibration that occurs in the process of screening (separation) of the solid material flow, is reduced by installed elastic shock absorbers 8 between the inner Z and outer 6 frames of the vibrating screen.

The proposed technical solution makes it possible to increase the efficiency of separation of the flow of highly abrasive lumpy solid material, increase the productivity of the screen and reduce the dynamic impact on the foundation - the basis of the screen.

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Claims (6)

1. Vibrating screen containing a frame, installed on the frame with the help of vibration isolators, a case in the form of a box with sieving surfaces (sieves) made of elastic material placed in it, 1 vibration exciter, which is distinguished by the fact that each sieving surface is made in the form of planes of rectangular sections, rigidly connected to each other 1 installed along a broken line, which is inscribed in a circle of radius K, while the number of n---,where(y- planes is determined by the value o. the central angle of the plane is varied from 27 to 107, and the sieving surface from the loading zone to the unloading zone is made of 2-9 planes, the angle of inclination of the plane of the unloading zone is made by a multiple of 57 1 is equal to В, -(-3)x5, and the angle of inclination of the following planes to the loading line is determined by the expression: В, В. Vo; der o an integer B up to 107 - -, 5 -2K x5ip---. of the PL number series, and the length of each plane is equal to n 2. Vibrating screen according to claim 1, which differs in that one or more sieving surfaces, located one above the other, are made in the form of a fragment of the lateral surface of a regular or irregular polyhedron, conventionally inscribed along the arc of the corresponding generator (parabolas, cycloids, etc. ) curvature of radius K. 3. Vibrating screen according to point I, which is characterized by the fact that the rectangular sections are reinforced with elastic inserts and are made of rubber or polyurethane with square, round or rectangular cells. 4. Vibrating screen according to claim 1, which differs in that hydraulic shock absorbers are installed on the frame, at least on the side of the loading zone. 5. Vibrating screen according to point I, which differs in that the vector of oscillations (vibrations) of the sieving surface in the loading zone is directed in the direction of solid material movement, and in the unloading zone - in the opposite direction. 6. Vibrating screen according to claim 3, which differs in that the elastic inserts are made of fiberglass along the entire length of the sections.