UA122683C2 - MODULAR FORMWORK UNIT - Google Patents

Abstract

The claimed invention relates to a modular formwork unit (1), which forms a through housing connecting the first surface (A) of the modular unit (1) and the second surface (B), opposite the first surface, for receiving the filler, the modular unit ( 1) equipped with assembly devices (2) for assembly with at least one other unit. According to the present invention, the modular unit (1) has the shape of a rectangular prism with isosceles triangular bases formed by the first and second surfaces (A, B). The invention also relates to a unit formed by such numerous modular blocks, and is used in the manufacture of swimming pool steps.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to the field of prefabricated structural elements, namely the production of structures such as swimming pools or elements of swimming pools.

More specifically, the invention relates to modular formwork blocks, namely, finds application in the production of corner steps for swimming pools.

TECHNICAL LEVEL

As a rule, such steps consist of either a one-piece structure, which is added and fixed to the wall or in the corner formed by two walls of the tank, or a masonry structure, made in the form of a wall structure, by laying bricks or pouring concrete into the formwork.

Solid steps are quite expensive because they require several large-sized molds, and they are also very bulky, both in terms of storage and transportation. In addition, the number of produced models is limited, so they do not ensure the creation of original designs.

Masonry stairs provide greater originality, however, within the limits of the structures used and the capabilities of the installer. They also have disadvantages, namely, long execution, especially when they are made of laid concrete, in particular, for the installation of formwork. Conventional formwork devices made of wood must be removed after construction.

Another formwork method, also commonly used in the field of swimming pool construction, namely, the creation of swimming pool steps, is the use of formwork blocks that remain in the structure after the concrete has been placed and hardened. Formwork blocks used at this time are rectangular or cubic in shape and require cutting and adjustment, particularly in the case of corner steps. Cutting and editing can be difficult, time-consuming, and therefore expensive. In addition, the exact dimensions of the row of corner steps may vary according to the adjustment made to compensate for the inaccuracy in cutting. Therefore, it is also necessary to adapt the exact dimensions of the flexible waterproof shell ("lining") to each structure, which is also expensive and leads to longer delivery times. In addition, the inaccuracy of cuts and/or measurements can cause the appearance of defects in the installation of "facing", namely,

Z is likely to cause waterproofing problems when the swimming pool is put into operation.

PROBLEM OF THE INVENTION

The task of the present invention is to simplify and improve the reliability of the construction of corner steps, in particular, for a swimming pool tank.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to a modular formwork unit forming a through-body that connects a first surface of the modular unit and a second surface opposite the first to receive filler; while the modular unit is equipped with assembly devices for assembly with at least one other unit. According to the present invention, the modular unit has the shape of a rectangular prism with an isosceles triangular base formed by the first and second surfaces.

Thus, according to the present invention, the modular formwork block has a shape that is particularly suitable for creating a series of corner steps, in particular, a swimming pool, thus avoiding all the work of cutting and adjusting.

According to the predominant features of the present invention, taken separately or in combination: - the through-body is formed by at least three walls forming rectangular side surfaces of a rectangular prism, and two of these walls have the same dimensions; - the end-to-end body contains numerous ribs limiting at least one end-to-end compartment;

These advantageous features provide both sufficient rigidity and improved mechanical strength of the modular block when filling with formwork material. - two walls having the same dimensions are orthogonal.

So, the modular block is especially suitable for creating rectangular steps, which are the most common, and the right angle at the vertices of the bases of the triangle of a right-angled prism makes it possible to optimize the number of modular blocks that are assembled to form future steps.

According to other advantageous features of the present invention, taken separately or in combination: - assembly devices are made on each of the 2 side walls of the same size; - assembly devices contain at least one covered element and one covering element, made with the possibility of interaction with the covered and covering 60 elements of another block;

- the covered element is made in the form of a spike of a trapezoidal cross-section, passing from the first surface to the second surface, and the covered element is made in the form of a groove of a complementary shape, which provides the possibility of assembly by pushing it onto another block; - the spike has a different width near the first and second surfaces, in order to block the sliding of the specified spike into the groove of the complementary shape of the other block during assembly; - the groove has a different width near the first and second surfaces, in order to block the sliding of the spike of the complementary shape of another block in the indicated groove during assembly; - the groove contains a stop at its narrowest end, made with the possibility of blocking the spike of another block in a certain assembly position; - the spike contains a slot in its narrowest end, made with the possibility of interaction with the stop of the groove of another block to lock the spike in a certain assembly position.

These advantageous features simplify assembly by interlocking modular units and ensure alignment of all modular units in the planes of the first and second surfaces during assembly.

According to other advantageous features of the present invention: - walls, ribs and assembly devices are made of plastic; - folding devices are built into the side walls of the same size.

The present invention also relates to an assembly formed by multiple modular formwork blocks, wherein the modular blocks are closely spaced in rows.

The present invention may further include multiple rows of modular units stacked one above the other.

According to one preferred feature, a unit containing multiple modular formwork blocks located one above the other may also contain a rail that slides into a hole formed by aligning the through compartments of the modular blocks. The dimensions of the rail are adjusted depending on the dimensions of the compartments, so that the rail can provide vertical alignment of stacked modular units, and more specifically, stacked rows of modular units.

Finally, the invention relates to a series of swimming pool steps containing such an assembly.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION DRAWING

The invention will be better understood after reading the following description and studying the accompanying drawings. These drawings are given by way of example and do not limit the invention in any way. - in fig. 1 and 2a are perspective views of the modular formwork block according to one embodiment of the present invention; - in fig. 25 is a top view of the triangular surface of the modular formwork block according to one embodiment of the present invention; - in fig. From the top view of the side surface of the modular formwork block, according to one variant of the embodiment of the present invention; - in fig. 4 is a top view of a unit made of numerous modular formwork blocks according to one embodiment of the present invention; - in fig. 5 is a perspective view of a unit made of numerous modular formwork blocks for creating a number of corner steps of a swimming pool according to one embodiment of the present invention; - in fig. b is a sectional view along the cutting plane of the corner of a swimming pool with a node of numerous modular formwork blocks for the construction of a row of corner steps of a swimming pool formed with steps (M1, M2, M3);

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In fig. 1-3 presents a modular formwork unit 1 according to the present invention, which forms an element of a fixed formwork for the construction of a structure such as swimming pools and steps, namely, corner steps of a swimming pool. "Modular unit" means an element designed to be assembled with other identical elements by means of the assembly devices described in detail below.

The modular block 1 formwork has the shape of a rectangular prism, the surfaces A, B of which are formed by isosceles triangular bases.

The modular unit 1 contains a through-body, preferably formed by at least three walls 3, 4, 5, which form rectangular side surfaces (С, ОЮ, Е) of a rectangular prism, which connects the first surface A and the second surface B and is intended for receiving the filler , in particular, poured concrete. Thus, the through case does not have closed walls on surfaces A, B, which provides the possibility of filling the filler through the modular block.

Preferably, the through body includes a plurality of ribs 6 defining compartments 60 of sufficient size to ensure efficient flow of the filler in the structure. The rib means the location of the wall, internal to the through-body, at least one end of which can rest on one of the three walls 3, 4, 5 of the through-body.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, but by way of example only, the fins 6 define 9 compartments of various sizes within the through-body.

These ribs 6 and walls 3, 4, 5 contribute to the rigidity of the structure from the modular block 1 and increase its mechanical resistance to pressure from the inside caused by the filler.

According to one of the options not presented, a part of one or both sides A, B can be closed by means of a wall, thus covering part of the compartments of the through-body: this option provides the possibility of limiting the number of through-compartments and, therefore, the amount of filler introduced into block for formwork.

The height PP of the modular unit 1 forms the size of the side wall 5.

Since the triangular bases of the prism are isosceles, the two side walls 3, 4, called the main side walls, have the same dimensions. The two main side walls are located so as to form a certain angle between them. This corner can be chosen to match (or be a divider) the corner of the swimming pool tank in which the series of steps is to be formed.

Preferably, and as presented in the figures, the two main side walls 3, 4 form an angle of 90 degrees between them, thus limiting the number of modular blocks that can be assembled to form the steps of a rectangular series of steps, which are the most common corner steps.

The two main side walls 3, 4 contain assembly devices 2 for rigid mutual connection of numerous modular formwork blocks. These devices include covered elements 7, and covered elements 8, which provide the possibility of installing the node by pushing between two modular blocks. So, as shown in the figures, the covered elements 7 can be formed by spikes, and the covered elements 8 - by grooves, the complementary shape of which, when interacting, provides a dovetail-type connecting node.

In the best embodiment shown in fig. 3, the spike has different dimensions of width 1, 1 on the first surface A and the second surface B of the modular unit. Similarly, the groove has different dimensions of width on the first and second surfaces A, B of the modular block. This particular configuration provides the ability to block the slide of the spike of the first modular unit into the groove of the complementary shape of the second modular unit during assembly of the two modular units.

Two modular blocks are assembled using their respective side surfaces C, 0; while the blocks are arranged head to tail, one of which has surface A facing down, and the other has surface A facing up, and the lateral surface Y of the first block is assembled with the surface C of the second block by inserting spikes into grooves made for this purpose .

Preferably and as shown in fig. 1-3, each main side wall 3, 4 is shaped to form multiple spikes and grooves, including 2 spikes and 2 grooves running through all of these walls. In other words, the folding devices are built into the main side walls 3, 4. This advantageous feature simplifies the manufacturing of folding devices and helps to connect the folded modular blocks.

In addition, at the narrowest end of the groove, at least for locking the spike of another block in a certain assembly position, a stop 9 can be located. Preferably, each groove contains a stop near the narrowest end, which provides the possibility of adjusting the position and locking the mutually interlocking spikes of the other block in their final assembly position.

Preferably, each spike contains a slot 10 at its narrowest end, designed to interact with the stop 9 of the groove of another block to lock it in a certain assembly position. Thus, each groove equipped with a stop and each pin equipped with a slot mutually locking the first modular unit on the second modular unit will be easily adjustable and locked in the final assembly position.

In fig. 4 shows the node formed by the first row of modular formwork blocks. This view shows the alternation of open surfaces A, B between adjacent modular blocks, which appears as a result of the assembly method described above.

Multiple rows of modular formwork blocks can be stacked with proper alignment by stacking the rows or blocks one on top of the other and fitting the rails in the opening formed by aligning the through compartments of each block. The dimensions of the rail are adjusted depending on the dimensions of the compartment of each block so that the rail provides the possibility of vertical alignment of stacked modular blocks.

A node of numerous modular formwork blocks, located close together in rows, and then in a stack, ensures the creation of a structure from various masonry elements.

According to one preferred example of the variants of embodiment, such a node of modular formwork blocks can be used to manufacture a series of corner steps of a swimming pool 60, as shown in fig. 5.

The construction of a swimming pool requires the laying of a concrete structure, namely, the construction of its foundation slab and walls. The implementation of this invention makes it possible to pour concrete in one step for the foundation slab, walls and steps of the swimming pool.

The modular blocks are assembled into rows using blocks mutually interlocked with each other using assembly devices as described earlier and without cutting.

Each row can rest at its ends on the perpendicular walls of the swimming pool tank. If necessary, support rails 12 can be attached to the walls of the tank or to the floor to support the first rows; these first rows may also be supported by at least one central support rail and/or at least one post attached to the floor. These rails and/or racks are installed to fix the final level of the bottom of the swimming pool flat and provide the ability to adjust the level of the steps before pouring concrete.

The side wall of 5 modular blocks will form the open surface of the step. And the height of the modular block will form the height of the step. As an example, this height can be between 5 cm and 50 cm, preferably, its size will be 30 cm. Preferably, when the two main side walls are orthogonal, the depth of the step is determined by half the width of the side wall of the 5 modular units. As an example, it can be between 15 and 40 cm, preferably, its size will be 30 cm.

The first row that should be located for the preparation of steps is row K1 of step M3, which can be seen in fig. b, which is a sectional view of the rectangular steps shown in fig. 5, along the cross-sectional plane. It is wedged near the walls of the swimming pool 14 and, if necessary, on rails (12) or support posts. The K2 row of the M3 step, then the KZ row of the same step is then stacked on the KK row! to form this step. To ensure the alignment of this stack, the rail 11 is inserted vertically into the hole formed during the alignment of the through compartments of the modular blocks. As an example and as shown in FIG. 25, the rail 11 is inserted into the compartment 13. The width of the rail is adjusted depending on the dimensions of the compartments, so that the rail provides vertical alignment of the stacked modular units, and more specifically, the stacked rows of modular units. The length of the rail 11 is adjusted according to

From the number of rows of stacks: it must be sufficient to cross the stack of modular blocks, thus fulfilling its function of aligning the rows located one above the other.

After assembly of step M3, i.e. three rows K1, K2, KZ are located one above the other, and installation of the leveling rail, the unit can be held in place with the help of fasteners, for example, screws, near the walls of the swimming pool.

The node of steps M2 and Mi is then performed in the same way, similar to the method described for step M3.

The node of modular blocks, described above and shown in fig. 5, ready for the next overlapping operation. Filler, such as concrete, is poured to obtain the foundation slab of the swimming pool and make the final surface of the floor flat, with an MI step.

The material can be poured into the unit of modular blocks; it flows through the through compartments down to the floor, and until steps MI, M2, M3 are filled to form a flat surface.

After drying, a row of angular swimming pool steps is obtained, which does not require cutting, poured simultaneously with the foundation slab and the walls of the swimming pool, thus forming a single structure with the entire tank. Its dimensions are accurate and reproducible. In addition, the one-piece nature ensures the creation of a structure with great strength.

In one of the examples, according to fig. 5, a row of corner steps contains C steps, the dimensions of which are determined by the size of the modular blocks.

Standardization of the dimensions of a row of corner steps preferably provides standardization of flexible waterproof shells ("claddings"), which leads to lower costs and reduced delivery times.

The modular unit and assembly obtained by arrangement in rows and/or stacks according to the present invention are not limited exclusively to this application. They can also, for example, be used to build rectangular steps or formwork walls. For this purpose, conditions may be provided for the creation of a second category of modular blocks of a different shape and complementary to the opened ones, so as to ensure the possibility of creating a fixed formwork of any shape and size, without the need for cutting or with limited cutting of any modular block of formwork. (510)

Claims (14)

FORMULA OF THE INVENTION 1. The modular block (1) of the formwork, made with the possibility of forming a through-body, made with the possibility of connecting the first surface (A) of the modular block (1) and the second surface (B), opposite to the first one, for receiving filler, equipped with connecting elements (2) for connection with at least one other block, has the shape of a rectangular prism with isosceles triangular bases formed by the first and second surfaces (A, B), in which the connecting elements contain at least one covered element (7) and one covering element (8), made with the possibility of interaction with the covered and covering elements of another block, while the covered element (7) is made in the form of a spike of trapezoidal cross-section passing from the first surface (A) to the second surface (B), and the covering element element (8) is made in the form of a groove of a complementary shape, which provides the possibility of assembly by pushing on another block, which is characterized by the fact that the spike has a different width near the first and second surfaces and made with the possibility of blocking the specified spike from sliding into the groove of the complementary shape of another block during assembly. 2. Modular formwork block according to claim 1, characterized in that the through-body is limited by at least three walls (3, 4, 5) that form rectangular side surfaces (C, 0, E) of a rectangular prism, and two of these walls have the same dimensions 3. Modular formwork block according to claim 2, which is characterized by the fact that the two walls (3, 4), which have the same dimensions, are orthogonal. 4. A modular formwork unit according to any of the previous items, characterized in that the through-body includes a plurality of ribs (b) that delimit at least one through-section. 5. Modular formwork block according to any of claims 2, 3, which is characterized by the fact that the connecting elements are formed on each of the two side walls of the same size (3, 4). 6. A modular block of formwork according to any of claims 1, 5, which is characterized by the fact that the groove has different widths near the first and second surfaces and is made with the possibility of blocking the sliding of the spike of the complementary form of another block in the specified groove during assembly. 7. The modular formwork block according to point b, which is characterized by the fact that the groove contains a stop (9) at the narrowest end, made with the possibility of blocking the spike of another block in a certain assembly position. 8. Modular formwork block according to claim 7, which is characterized by the fact that the spike contains a slot (10) at the narrowest end made with the possibility of interacting with the stop of the groove of another block and locking the spike in a certain assembly position. 9. A modular block of formwork according to any of claims 2, 4, which is characterized by the fact that the walls and ribs and connecting elements are made of plastic. 10. Modular formwork block according to claim 5, which is characterized by the fact that the connecting elements are built into the side walls of the same size (3, 4). 11. An assembly formed from a plurality of modular formwork blocks according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that the modular blocks are closely spaced in rows. 12. The node according to claim 11, which is characterized by the fact that it includes a plurality of rows of modular blocks located one above the other. 13. An assembly that contains a plurality of modular formwork blocks located one above the other according to claim 4, which is characterized by the fact that it contains a rail (11) inserted into the hole formed by aligning the through compartments of the modular blocks. 14. A row of swimming pool steps, which includes the assembly according to claim 13.