M256410 捌、新型說明： 【新型所屬之技術領域】 種可與L型鋼 骨連接器設計 本創作係關於一種鋼骨連接器，尤指一 固接成具有高耐震強度的方形鋼骨結構之鋼 【先前技術】 已知的建築物基礎架構大多是以鋼骨結構（SRc)或鋼筋 組合（RC)結構建構而成，該鋼骨結構與Rc結構施工及成本 等因素的考量’各有其優缺點，#中高樓建物大多採用鋼 骨結構，而RC結構則大多應用於低樓層數的建築物。而 我國因位處於地震帶，土也震的發生頻率高，若以目前採用 之建築物咼標準設計規範，只要施工能夠確實，大部分的 建築物應可承受七級的強震。 刖述中，為高樓建物採用的鋼骨結構主要係使用預製 的工子型鋼作為餘縱橫固接而成之結構體，該鋼骨與鋼 月同軸向銜接處仙高強度的螺接元件結合鋼板抵貼於二 型鋼之間’鎖固後，再予以焊接固定，型鋼與型鋼垂直相 々則係以呵強度的螺接元件結合L形鋼板抵接於二型 鋼之：予以鎖固後，再予以焊接固定。 述使用工子型鋼製成之鋼骨雖提供一種易於建構且 具高強度之鋼骨結構，但是以其使用之型鋼而冑，其斷面 :、紅板°卩兩鸲分別側向延伸翼板部構成之工字形， 八某二邛位（如二翼板兩端部等）的強度有所不足，無法 因應來自任古a μ σ 3作用力提供足夠的對抗外力的強度， M256410 而且鋼骨與鋼骨之徐 接觸面積之固接狀離=僅疋以鋼板配合螺接元件作小 。 、 心八銜接部位有固接強度不足之問題 對於前述的問翻 ^ . 面四方形之對稱式翻丄試想使用四L形型鋼組成斷 . ，工鋼月結構，使其在任何角度均可提供強 而有力之結構強声。必攸1八強 技衔箄κι ΐ 又 ，！鋼的製造因受限於搬運及製造 技術#因素，該型鋼 建物的鋼骨結構仍n 有其一定的限度’故 接固結而成，但以預^排列方式縱橫銜 方形柱狀構造均而由四支L形型鋼組構成 下，在鋼骨的銜接；；ΓΓΠ結構件的搭配固接组合 前使用鋼骨結=;1題，而降低其防震能力，造成目 ::::述，工字型鋼在耐震強度仍有不足:二 /、項具向耐震強度的鋼骨結構。 【新型内容】 本創作之主要目的在於提供 決使用L形型鋼以四 月逑接益用以解 問題，且令該鋼骨連…! 銜接固定上之 ν β 連接裔、σ合L形型鋼構成之鋼骨可以供 配官以及混凝土漿㈣等作業之進行。 骨連==的，本創作所提出之技術方案係令該鋼 焊接-1形連二形鋼板一側或兩側面各角隅處分別 焊接- L #件’或是直接於鋼板各肖隅處外側分別 》接鋼件，且於鋼板上設至少一提供配管通過 M256410 的穿孔，以及至少一提供混凝土漿流通的通孔。 如上所述之該穿孔可與通孔間隔而設或可為連通一起 之型體。 本創作以前揭技術方案之設計，將可達成之功效是· 本創作利用該鋼骨連接器設計，使其可單側或雙側固= 型鋼構成具高耐震強度的方形鋼骨結構，#以應用於建築 物中提昇其耐震能力，而且，本創作更利用其鋼板上之穿 孔供配管裝設其中，以通孔提供混凝土灌注其中，以便於 鋼骨配管及灌漿作業之進行。 ； 【實施方式】 ::前述技術方案之創意’本創作依據建築物可能的 貫細狀態設計成可提供四段L型鋼固接之方形鋼骨末端固 接部位，或介於二組L型鋼組成之鋼骨與鋼骨銜接部位， 或位於該方形鋼骨中段内側部位等之鋼骨連接器實二 其中： 一側面鄰近四 A )，各連接 )之角隅位置 0 A )朝外之 2 2 A )，另 種鋼骨連接 四L型鋼之用 鋼板（1 1 A 物設計規範使 如第一圖所示之第 作為方形鋼骨末端固接 0A)主要具有一方形 )的尺寸及厚度依建築 ，且该鋼板（11A) 一 L形連接鋼件（2 〇 角概朝向鋼板（1 1 A 周邊與各連接鋼件（2 應L型鋼厚度的間距（M256410 新型 Description of new models: [Technical field to which new models belong] A design that can be used with L-shaped steel bone connectors. This creation is about a steel bone connector, especially a steel that is fixed into a square steel frame structure with high seismic strength. Prior technology] Most of the known building infrastructures are constructed with steel frame structure (SRc) or steel reinforced structure (RC) structure. The consideration of factors such as construction and cost of steel frame structure and Rc structure have their advantages and disadvantages. , #Medium and high-rise buildings are mostly steel-framed, while RC structures are mostly used in low-rise buildings. In China, because of its location in the seismic zone, the frequency of soil and earthquakes is high. If the standard design specifications of buildings and structures currently adopted are adopted, as long as the construction can be performed reliably, most buildings should be able to withstand strong earthquakes of magnitude 7. In the description, the steel skeleton structure used for high-rise buildings is mainly a structure formed by using prefabricated steel sections as a longitudinal and vertical connection. The steel skeleton is combined with high-strength screw joints at the coaxial connection of the steel and the moon. The steel plate is abutted between the second steels, and then fixed by welding. The vertical cross-section between the steel and the steel is the strength of the screw connection element combined with the L-shaped steel plate to abut the second steel: after locking, then To be fixed by welding. It is described that the steel frame made of worker-shaped steel provides an easy-to-construct and high-strength steel frame structure, but is based on the steel used, and its cross section is: red plate ° 卩 two side extension wings The zigzag shape of the part, the strength of the second position (such as the two ends of the second wing plate) is insufficient, and it cannot provide sufficient strength against external forces in response to the acting force of Rengu a μ σ 3, M256410 and steel The fixed contact distance from the Xu contact area with the steel frame = only the steel plate is used to cooperate with the screw connection element to make it small. 、 There is a problem of insufficient strength of the joint at the center of the eight joints. For the above question, please refer to the ^. Symmetrical turning of the square. Imagine using four L-shaped steels to form the fracture. The steel structure of the month makes it available at any angle. Strong and powerful structure with strong sound. The top eight must be 箄 κι ΐ and again! Because steel manufacturing is limited by the factors of handling and manufacturing technology, the steel structure of this type of steel building still has a certain limit, so it is consolidated and consolidated, but in a pre-arranged manner, the vertical and horizontal columnar structures are uniform. Consisting of four L-shaped steel groups, the connection of steel bones; ΓΓΠ structural steel components before the use of steel joints =; 1 problem, and reduce its shock resistance, resulting in :::: 述, 工The shape steel is still insufficient in seismic strength: Second, the steel structure with the seismic strength. [New content] The main purpose of this creation is to provide the use of L-shaped steel to solve the problem in April, and to connect the steel frame ...! Ν β connection, σ and L-shaped steel formed by connection The steel frame can be used for deployment of officials and concrete mortar. Bone joint ==, the technical solution proposed in this creation is to make the steel welded at the corners of one or both sides of the -1-shaped two-shaped steel plate-L #piece 'or directly at the steel plate. The outer sides are respectively connected to steel parts, and at least one perforation for providing piping through M256410 is provided on the steel plate, and at least one through hole is provided for circulation of concrete slurry. As described above, the perforation may be provided at a distance from the through-hole or may be a connected body. The design of the technical solution previously unveiled in this creation will achieve the following effects: This creation uses this steel-bone connector design so that it can be solidified on one or both sides = the steel forms a square steel structure with high seismic strength, # 以It is used in buildings to improve its seismic resistance. In addition, the creation uses the perforations on the steel plate for piping installation, and through-holes are used to provide concrete infusion for the steel piping and grouting operations. ; [Embodiment] :: The creative idea of the aforementioned technical solution 'This creation is designed to provide four sections of L-shaped steel-fixed square steel-bone end-fixed parts, or between two groups of L-shaped steels, based on the possible fineness of the building. The steel bone and steel bone joints, or the steel bone connector located at the inner part of the square steel bone, etc. are two of them: one side is adjacent to four A), the corner position of each connection) 0 A) outward facing 2 2 A). Another type of steel plate used to connect four L-shaped steels (1 1 A design specification makes the first steel square end fixed as shown in the first figure 0A) mainly has a square shape) The size and thickness are based on the building And the steel plate (11A) is an L-shaped connecting steel piece (the angle of 20 is generally facing the steel plate (1 1 A and the distance between each surrounding steel piece (2 should be the thickness of the L-shaped steel (
裔貫施例，其主要係 ，該鋼骨連接器（工 )’該鋼板（1 1 a 用之鋼骨外徑而設定 角隅處分別焊接固設 鋼件（2 〇 A)外端 ，且鋼板（1 i A ) 兩側面間分別保持對 該連接鋼件（2 〇 A 6 M256410 )上亦可分別於其兩侧板面上各增設組接孔（2 1 於鋼板（1 1 A)上設至少一穿孔（工2 a)以及至少二 ’猎以利用穿孔（12A)提供提供配管 牙-其中，另以通孔（13A)提供混凝土浆通過"， 該設於鋼板（11A)上的通孔（13A)可與穿孔（1 2 A)間隔而設，或可連通—起，又，鋼板（η 曰认數固接孔（14Α)，用以提供該鋼骨連接器（ 於地面基礎時，供錯件穿設鎖固之用，或作為鋼 月與鋼月垂直固接時供螺栓穿設鎖固之用。 如第二圖所示之第二種實施例’其主要係作為方形鋼 鋼骨間軸向對應銜接之鋼骨連接器之用，該鋼骨連接 :鄰i〇:)i要係於一方形鋼板（11B)的上下兩側 近四角隅處分別焊接固設一 L形連接鋼件（2 〇 B ) 各連接鋼件（2 ◦ B )外端角概朝向鋼板（ 角隅位置，皂翩f 1 ，η、 ； ^ 鋼板（11Β)周邊與錢接鋼件（2〇β /外之兩側面間分別保持對應L形型鋼厚度的間距，又 接鋼件（2 〇 Β )上亦可分別於其兩側板面上各增 '、'、孔（2 1 Β )，於鋼板（1 1 Β )上設至少一穿 以及至少-通孔（"”，藉以利用穿Γ( Β)提供提供配管穿設其中，另以通孔 供混凝土漿通矾盆& „ d b}^ … 通過其中，該設於鋼板（1 1B)上的通孔（ )可與穿孔（1 2B)間隔而設，或可連通一起。 :第三圖或第四圖所示之第三種實施例，其係應用於 月段補強用，該鋼骨連接器（1 0 )主要具有一方形 M256410 鋼板（i i )，該鋼板（i i)四角隅處外側分別焊接固 設一 L形連接鋼件（20)，該l形連接鋼件（2〇)各 端角對應鋼板（11)之角隅’且各連接鋼件（2㈡自 鋼板之角隅處同朝鋼板（i i)一側延伸（如第三圖所示 )，或同朝兩側延伸（如第四圖所示），又，該連接鋼件 兩側板面上各增設有組接孔（21)，提供螺检 穿设之用’於鋼板（丄工）上設至少一個穿孔（工2 )以 及至少一個通孔（1 3 )，藉以利用穿孔（1 2 )提供提 供配管穿設其中’另以通孔（1 3)提供混凝土漿通過i 中，該設於鋼板（11)上的通孔（13)可與穿孔（1 2 )間隔而設，或可連通一起。 有關本創作鋼骨連接器應用於建築物鋼骨結 ::::形，請配合參閱第五、六、七圖所示，其係= 面^ ί鋼件（2〇)之鋼骨連接器（10)放置於地 土石預疋位置處，並使地面基礎預設的錐件 =過鋼骨連接器（1〇)鋼板（11)上的固接孔^ ^复以螺帽螺接於錫件（34)端部’將鋼骨連接 ° 予以鎖固，其次，將四支L·形型鋼（3 ])八 別裝設於鋼板（1 1 )四角隅處抵接連接鋼件（2 〇 )刀 直接以焊接方气名 υ ; 5 (31)心或可先以螺检穿過各匕形型鋼 =預設的穿孔以及連接鋼件（2〇)上的組接 件（2〇 ^螺帽予以鎖固’其次，將雙側具有連接鋼 頂端，並以焊==接器（1〇)固接於該四支L形型鋼 干接或利用螺栓、螺帽予以鎖固，即组成一段 M256410 鋼骨（3〇)，並使該鋼骨（3〇)彳以銜接另—段鋼骨 (30)，依此方式一段—段銜接鋼骨，並於末端鋼骨（ 3 〇 )處以單側具有連接鋼件（2 〇 )之鋼骨連接器（工 0 )予以固結，即構成該建築物之縱柱之鋼骨（3 〇 )部 至於建築物橫樑之鋼f ( 3 Q )部份，同樣以雙侧且 連接鋼件（20B)之鋼骨連接器（1〇B)料每一段 由四支L形型鋼（3 1 B)組成之鋼骨（3 0B)銜接之 、、’於末編鋼骨（3 〇 b )末端設單側具連接鋼件（2 0B)之鋼骨連接器（1 〇A)丨以固結而構成-支預定 長：的鋼骨（30)，再以該鋼骨（30)連接於二縱柱 月（3 〇 )之間，並以焊接或再結合螺栓、螺帽鎖設固 接於f縱柱鋼冑（3 Q)與橫樑鋼骨（3 ◦)末端之鋼骨 連接器（1 〇 )之間，3以樑柱托肩接頭（圖未示）固設 於縱柱鋼骨（3 Q )與橫樑鋼骨（3 0 )銜接部份下方處 ，使橫樑鋼骨（3Q)與縱柱鋼*f (30)轉實固結-體 ’依亡述之方式進行，建構出預定型態的鋼骨架構。 刚述中’為提高由L形型鋼與該鋼骨連接器固接成方 形鋼骨之結構強度，可於每—段财之適#距離處，存分 & Μ本創作第z、四圖所示之鋼骨連接器，固接於L形裂 鋼之間作為補強之用。 内 »當该鋼骨架完成後，係依建築物之設計於鋼骨中進行 配官之作業’·其中可將管件（3 2 )穿設鋼骨（" 部以及鋼骨連接器（10)鋼板（11)上的穿孔（ M256410 )中，待配管完成後，即可對於建築物的鋼 凝土衆的灌注，其中混凝土聚灌入鋼骨（3 中行混 鋼骨連接器（1 〇)鋼板Γ n、 甲’可於 久、丄1 )上的通孔（1 ] ’於每段鋼骨中流通，X，為達成「強柱輕樑 ^ 其係於柱鋼骨外侧設置模板，再對柱鋼骨結構之部=:_ 混凝土漿的灌注，對於樑鋼骨結構之部分可採取中空狀: 填充輕質混凝土等後，如第七- 3 ^ , Q 0, 第七圖所不，於其外側覆設擴張 满（33)，再以喷聚方式覆設混凝土層，用以減輕摔的According to the embodiment, the main part is that the steel bone connector (work) 'the steel plate (1 1 a is used for the outer diameter of the steel bone and the set corners are welded and fixed to the outer ends of the steel parts (20A), and The steel plate (1 i A) is kept between the two sides of the connection steel piece (20A 6 M256410), and the group connection holes (2 1 on the steel plate (1 1 A)) can be added to the two side plates. Provide at least one perforation (work 2a) and at least two 'hunting to provide the piping teeth using the perforation (12A)-of which, through the other (13A) to provide concrete slurry through ", the set on the steel plate (11A) The through hole (13A) can be provided at a distance from the perforation (1 2 A), or can be connected to each other. Also, a steel plate (η) is used to provide the steel-bone connector (on the ground foundation). In the second embodiment, as shown in the second figure, it is mainly used as a square. The steel-bone connector is used to connect the steel-bone connector in the axial direction. The steel-bone connection: adjacent i0:) i is tied to the upper and lower sides of a square steel plate (11B) near the four corners. Do not weld and fix an L-shaped connecting steel piece (20B). The angle of the outer end of each connecting steel piece (2 ◦ B) is almost toward the steel plate (corner position, soap f 1, η,); ^ The periphery of the steel plate (11B) and Money connection steel pieces (20 β / between the two sides to maintain a distance corresponding to the thickness of the L-shaped steel, and the steel pieces (20 〇) can also be added on the two sides of the plate surface, respectively, holes, (2 1 Β), at least one through and at least-through holes (" "are provided on the steel plate (1 1 Β), so that through Γ (Β) provides the provision of piping through, and through holes for concrete slurry through Alum basin & „db} ^… through it, the through hole () provided on the steel plate (1 1B) can be set apart from the perforation (12B) or can be connected together.: The third or fourth picture The third embodiment shown is applied to the reinforcement of the moon segment. The steel bone connector (1 0) mainly has a square M256410 steel plate (ii), and the steel plate (ii) is welded and fixed at the outer sides of the four corners. An L-shaped connecting steel piece (20), each end angle of the L-shaped connecting steel piece (20) corresponds to the angle 隅 ′ of the steel plate (11) and each connecting steel piece (2㈡ from the angle of the steel plate 隅) The steel plate (ii) extends in the same direction (as shown in the third figure), or extends in the same direction on both sides (as shown in the fourth figure). Moreover, the connecting steel parts are provided with group connection holes ( 21), providing screw inspection and wearing equipment 'providing at least one perforation (work 2) and at least one through hole (1 3) in the steel plate (masonry), so as to provide the provision of piping installations through the perforation (1 2)' In addition, the through hole (1 3) is used to provide the concrete slurry to pass through i. The through hole (13) provided on the steel plate (11) may be spaced from the perforation (1 2) or may be connected together. For the creation of the steel frame connector used in the steel structure of the building ::::, please refer to the fifth, sixth, and seventh figures, which is the steel frame connector of the surface ^ steel piece (2〇) (10) Place it at the pre-concrete position of the earth and stone, and make the preset cone part of the ground foundation = through the fixing hole on the steel plate connector (10) steel plate (11) ^ ^ screwed to the tin with a nut The end of the piece (34) is connected to the steel frame and locked. Secondly, four L-shaped sections (3) are installed on the steel plate (1 1) at the four corners of the steel plate to abut the connecting steel pieces (2 〇 ) The knife is directly named by the welding method; 5 (31) The heart may be passed through each dagger-shaped steel = preset perforation and the connection piece (2〇 ^ 螺) on the steel piece (20) by screw inspection. The cap is to be locked '. Secondly, the two sides have the top of the connecting steel, and are fixed to the four L-shaped steels by welding == connector (1), or they are locked by bolts and nuts to form a section. M256410 steel frame (30), and the steel frame (30) is connected to another section of steel frame (30), in this way, one section to section is connected to the steel frame, and a single section is placed at the end steel frame (30). There are connecting steel pieces (20) on the side The steel frame connector (work 0) is consolidated, that is, the steel frame (30) part of the longitudinal column of the building, and the steel f (3 Q) part of the building beam, also connected to the steel parts on both sides (20B) steel bone connector (10B) material each section is composed of four L-shaped steel (3 1 B) steel bone (3 0B) connected to, 'in the end braided steel bone (3 0b) One end is provided with a steel bone connector (10A) with a connecting steel piece (20B) on one side. It is formed by consolidation-a predetermined length of steel bone (30) is connected to the steel bone (30). Between the two longitudinal columns (30), and welded or recombined with bolts and nuts to lock the steel frame connector (3 Q) and the beam steel frame (3 ◦) at the end 1 〇), 3 with a beam-column shoulder joint (not shown) is fixed at the joint between the longitudinal steel frame (3 Q) and the cross-section steel frame (30), so that the cross-section steel frame (3Q) The consolidation with the vertical column steel * f (30) is carried out in the manner described in the description, and a predetermined steel frame structure is constructed. In the description just now, in order to improve the fixing of the L-shaped steel with the steel connector, The strength of the structure connected to a square steel frame can be obtained in every section #Distance, storage points & Μ The steel bone connector shown in Figures 4 and 4 of this creation is fixed between L-shaped cracked steel for reinforcement. Inner »When the steel skeleton is completed, it is based on the building The design of the object is carried out in the steel frame. The pipe (3 2) can be penetrated by the steel frame (" part) and the perforation (M256410) on the steel plate (11) of the steel frame connector (10). After the piping is completed, the steel concrete mass of the building can be poured, in which the concrete is poured into the steel skeleton (3 Central Bank mixed steel skeleton connector (1 0) steel plate Γ n, A 'can be used for a long time, 丄 1) The through hole (1) on the steel frame circulates in each section, X, in order to achieve "strong column light beam ^ It is set on the outside of the column steel frame, and then the part of the column steel structure =: _ For pouring, the hollow part of the beam and steel structure can be taken as hollow: after filling with light concrete, etc., as shown in Figure 7-3 ^, Q0, Figure 7, the expansion is covered on the outside (33), and then The spraying method is covered with a concrete layer to reduce the
重量，如此即可完成建築物之基礎架構。 、 經由以上說明後當可得知：本創作利用前揭創新的鋼 骨連接器設計’使其可以應用於結合L形型鋼以四方形排 列構成具有高耐震力之高強度鋼骨結構外，而且，本創作 更利用其鋼板上之穿孔供配管裝設其中，利料孔提供混 凝土灌注其中，以便於鋼骨配管及灌漿作業之進行。因此 ’本創作之創新設計深具產業上利用價值，並符合新型專 利要件，爰依法提出申請。Weight, so that the basic structure of the building can be completed. According to the above description, it can be known that this creation uses the innovative steel-bone connector design disclosed earlier to make it applicable to the combination of L-shaped steel in a square arrangement to form a high-strength steel structure with high shock resistance, and In this creation, the perforation on the steel plate is used for piping installation, and the concrete holes are provided by the material holes to facilitate the steel piping and grouting operations. Therefore, the innovative design of this creation is of great industrial use value and meets the requirements for new patents.
【圖式簡單說明】 (一 圖式部分 第一圖係本創作為單側具連接鋼件實施例之立體示 意圖。 第二圖係本創作為雙側具連接鋼件實施例之立體示 意圖。 第三圖係本創作應用於鋼骨中段補強用，且單側具 有連接鋼件之鋼骨連接器實施例之立體示意 10 M256410 圖。 第四圖係本創作應用於鋼骨中段補強用，且雙側具 有連接鋼件之鋼骨連接器實施例之立體示意 圖。 第五圖係本創作組接L形型鋼後之俯視平面示意圖 第六圖係本創作建構成鋼骨結構後之實施狀態參考 圖。[Brief description of the drawing] (The first drawing of a drawing part is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the embodiment of the single-sided steel connecting piece. The second drawing is a three-dimensional diagram of the embodiment of the double-sided steel connecting piece. The third picture is a three-dimensional schematic 10 M256410 example of an embodiment of a steel bone connector used for reinforcing the middle section of a steel frame, and having steel members connected to one side on one side. The fourth picture is used for the middle section of a steel frame for reinforcing, and double A perspective view of an embodiment of a steel-bone connector with steel parts on the side. The fifth diagram is a plan view of the plan after the L-shaped steel is assembled. The sixth diagram is a reference diagram of the implementation state after the steel-frame structure is constructed.
第七圖係本創作建構成鋼骨結構後之立體示意圖 二）元件代表符號 (1 0A)鋼骨連接器 (10C)鋼骨連接器 (1 1 A )鋼板 (1 1 C )鋼板 (1 2 A )穿孔 (1 2 C )穿孔 (1 3 A )通孔 (1 3 C )通孔 (1 4 A )固接孔 (2 0 A )連接鋼件 (20C)連接鋼件 (2 1 A )組接孔 (2 1 C )組接孔 (2 2 A )間距 (10B)鋼骨連接器 (1 1 B )鋼板 (1 2 B )穿孔 (1 3 B )通孔 (20B)連接鋼件 (2 1 B )組接孔 (2 2 B )間距The seventh diagram is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the steel structure after the creation of this creation. 2) The symbol of the component (1 0A), the steel connector (10C), the steel connector (1 1 A), the steel plate (1 1 C), and the steel plate (1 2). A) Perforation (1 2 C) Perforation (1 3 A) Through-hole (1 3 C) Through-hole (1 4 A) Fixing hole (2 0 A) Connecting steel piece (20C) Connecting steel piece (2 1 A) Group connection hole (2 1 C) Group connection hole (2 2 A) Pitch (10B) Steel bone connector (1 1 B) Steel plate (1 2 B) Perforation (1 3 B) Through hole (20B) Connection steel ( 2 1 B) Pitch of hole (2 2 B)
M256410 (30)鋼骨 （31)L形型鋼 (3 2 )配管 （3 3 )擴張網 (3 4 )錨件M256410 (30) steel frame (31) L-shaped steel (3 2) piping (3 3) expanded mesh (3 4) anchor
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