TWI828519B - Devices of determining pipes - Google Patents

Abstract

A device of determining pipes includes a memory unit, a processing unit, and a communication interface, the processing unit is connected to the memory unit and the communication interface. The memory unit has stored a plurality of pipe names, a plurality of reference pipe outside diameter values and orders of the plurality of pipe names corresponding to the plurality of reference pipe outside diameter values. The processing unit receives an outside diameter measuring data of a pipe, compares the outside diameter measuring data with the plurality of the reference pipe outside diameter values, selects the order of the plurality of pipe names corresponding to the reference pipe outside diameter value same as the outside diameter measuring data, and generates at least one of the pipe names that match the outside diameter measuring data according to the order of the plurality of pipe names corresponding to the reference pipe outside diameter value same as the outside diameter measuring data. The communication interface outputs the pipe name that matches the outside diameter measuring data.

Description

Pipeline judgment device

The invention relates to a pipeline judging device.

Both people's livelihood and industry need to use pipeline systems to transport fluids, and different fluids usually use different pipelines for transportation. In order to facilitate the manufacture, assembly and replacement of pipelines, various countries correspond to various pipelines (including: material, Nominal pipe diameter, average outer diameter, outer diameter tolerance, pipe wall thickness, thickness tolerance, approximate inner diameter, upper limit of working pressure, etc.), formulate pipeline specifications (such as American ASTM, Japanese JIS, German DIN, Taiwan Regulation CNS). The pipeline system is an important infrastructure. In order to ensure compatibility and convenience in manufacturing and assembling pipelines, pipeline specifications in various countries are further formulated with different pipe thicknesses and inner diameters based on the same nominal pipe diameter (outer diameter).

It is necessary to monitor the status of pipelines and conveyed materials. They are distinguished by installation methods. Monitoring pipeline devices include embedded and external buckle types. Embedded monitoring pipeline devices are more accurate, but the installation period is affected by Restrictions and high installation costs; external buckle monitoring pipeline devices have the advantages of being able to be planned at any time and having low installation costs, and have become the main development trend of monitoring pipeline technology.

External buckle monitoring pipeline devices usually require information such as the material, outer diameter, pipe thickness, and inner diameter of the pipeline. However, the average outer diameter, outer diameter tolerance, pipe wall thickness and approximate inner diameter of pipes in the pipeline specifications of various countries are different. Taking the average outer diameter of a pipe with a nominal diameter of 1 inch as an example: the outer diameter of the Taiwan standard is 34 mm, The Japanese standard outer diameter is 32 mm, the American standard outer diameter is 33.4 mm, and the German standard outer diameter is 32 mm. The differences in pipeline specifications with different pipe diameter names affect the accuracy of monitoring.

It is easier to obtain the correct pipeline name, material, size and other specifications for a newly built pipeline system, because the designers, constructors and users of the pipeline system have different needs and exchanges for pipeline information, for example: designers Or the constructor believes that the user does not need the thickness, inner diameter and other information of the pipeline, and the designer or constructor fails to deliver the pipeline information to the user, causing difficulty for subsequent users to confirm the pipeline information. For most existing piping systems, although users can use measuring tools such as tape measures to obtain the outer diameter of the pipe, pipes with the same outer diameter have many specifications with different pipe names due to different national regulations. If you don’t know If the name of the pipeline is correct, the user will not be able to check the pipe thickness, inner diameter and other specifications of the pipeline based on the measured outer diameter data. As a result, users often need to repeatedly test when installing an external buckle-type measuring device. Errors and corrections. Even if the measuring device can output results, if the input parameters are different from the actual situation, the accuracy of the data will be greatly affected.

In the industrial field, dozens of various monitoring devices were installed on the piping system of a production line more than ten years ago. With the trend of Industry 4.0, hundreds or even thousands of monitoring devices need to be installed on the piping system of the same production line. Various monitoring devices cannot require users to have the knowledge to judge pipelines and the skills to set up each monitoring device. The more parameters users need to measure and input, the more likely it is that measurement errors and input errors will occur. affect the reliability of monitoring.

At present, there is no device or method to solve the above problems. Therefore, there is an urgent need for technology that automatically determines the name of the relevant pipeline and even further includes various related specifications to improve the convenience and convenience of installing external button monitoring pipeline devices. Monitor pipeline accuracy.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a pipeline judgment device, which includes: a memory unit, a processing unit and a communication interface. The processing unit is connected to the memory unit and the communication interface. The memory unit stores multiple pipeline names, multiple reference pipeline outer diameter values and the pipeline name sorting corresponding to the reference pipeline outer diameter value. The pipeline name sorting is to input the reference outer diameter value into the base outer diameter of the pipeline name respectively. And the coincidence probability obtained by the probability function of the outside diameter value established by the outside diameter tolerance, the corresponding reference pipe outside diameter value is sorted by the pipeline names from high to low according to the probability of compliance. The processing unit receives the pipe outer diameter measurement data, compares the outer diameter measurement data with the reference pipe outer diameter value, selects the pipe names corresponding to the reference outer diameter value that is the same as the outer diameter measurement data, and sorts them according to the corresponding outer diameter value. The pipeline names of the reference pipelines with the same external diameter measurement data are sorted to generate at least one pipeline name that matches the external diameter measurement data. The communication interface outputs the pipeline name that matches the outer diameter measurement data. If the processing unit compares the outer diameter measurement data with the reference pipe outer diameter value and the result is different, the processing unit generates a notification message for adding a new pipeline name; the communication interface outputs a notification message to prompt the user to add a new pipeline name. .

In one embodiment, the probability function of the outer diameter value is selected from the group consisting of a normal distribution function, a truncated normal distribution function, a uniform distribution function, a truncated skew distribution function, a Boisson distribution function, a skew distribution function, a triangular distribution function and a U-shaped distribution. One or several functions or their combination.

In one embodiment, the processing unit retrieves the first-ranked pipeline name corresponding to the external diameter value of the reference pipeline that is the same as the external diameter measurement data to generate the pipeline name that matches the external diameter measurement data. Pipeline name.

In one embodiment, the memory unit further stores the specification data of the pipeline name, and the communication interface outputs the pipeline name and specification data consistent with the outer diameter measurement data.

In one embodiment, the above specification data includes the pipe wall thickness, the error range of the pipe wall thickness, and the pipe material.

In order to solve the above problem, the present invention also provides a pipeline judgment device, which includes: a memory unit, a processing unit and a communication interface. The processing unit is connected to the memory unit and the communication interface. The memory unit stores the plurality of pipeline names and establishes the probability function of the outer diameter value based on the reference outer diameter and outer diameter tolerance of the plurality of pipeline names. The processing unit receives the pipe outer diameter measurement data, inputs the outer diameter measurement data into the outer diameter value probability function to generate the coincidence probability of the plural pipeline names, and sorts the plural pipeline names from high to low according to the coincidence probability of the plural pipeline names. The sorted plurality of pipeline names generates at least one pipeline name that matches the outer diameter measurement data. The communication interface outputs the pipeline name that matches the outer diameter measurement data.

In one embodiment, the probability function of the outer diameter value is selected from the group consisting of a normal distribution function, a truncated normal distribution function, a uniform distribution function, a truncated skew distribution function, a Boisson distribution function, a skew distribution function, a triangular distribution function and a U-shaped distribution. One or several functions or their combination.

In one embodiment, the processing unit presets a probability threshold, and the processing unit excludes the pipeline names whose coincidence probability is less than the probability threshold, and sorts the pipeline names whose coincidence probability is greater than the probability threshold in descending order according to the coincidence probability.

In one embodiment, the above-mentioned memory unit stores pipeline usage data and a weighting factor conversion table. The above-mentioned outer diameter value probability function includes a weighting factor. When the above-mentioned communication interface receives the pipeline usage data input by the user, the above-mentioned processing unit converts according to the weighting factor. Look up the weighting factor corresponding to the pipeline usage data in the table, adjust the weighting factor of the above-mentioned outer diameter value probability function, and then input the above-mentioned outer diameter measurement data into the above-mentioned outer diameter value probability function with the adjusted weight factor to generate the matching probability of the above-mentioned pipeline name and The name of the above-mentioned pipeline that conforms to the above-mentioned outer diameter measurement data.

In one embodiment, the pipeline usage data includes the usage area and usage industry.

In the pipeline judgment device of the present invention, the memory unit stores various pipeline names and the pipeline name rankings obtained by establishing the probability function of the outer diameter value based on the outer diameter standard and the outer diameter tolerance of the pipe names, and the processing unit calculates the reference outer diameter value. Or the probability of the coincidence of the outer diameter measurement data with the probability function of the outer diameter value of each pipeline name can be used to generate a pipeline name that conforms to the outer diameter measurement data. The communication interface outputs the pipeline name that conforms to the outer diameter measurement data. Users can use this method to search for the pipe thickness, inner diameter and other specifications of the pipeline, effectively solving the problem of users searching and testing pipeline specifications; the pipeline judgment device of the present invention can further combine outer diameter measurement, ultrasonic probes, and resistance Measurement, hardness measurement and other components that can automatically measure the outer diameter, thickness, and properties of pipe materials. Users do not need to measure and input parameters such as outer diameter and pipe thickness. The processing unit can generate more accurate pipelines. The name, pipeline specifications and pipeline flow rate can be used to self-judge the abnormal status of the device and pipeline, which greatly reduces the technical threshold for setting and operating external buckle-type monitoring devices and improves the accuracy and efficiency of monitoring pipelines.

The following is a more detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to drawings and component symbols, so that those skilled in the technical field to which the present invention belongs can implement the present invention accordingly after reading this specification.

The specific implementation of the pipeline judgment device of the present invention can be a stand-alone device installed on the pipeline or a remote monitoring computer or server connected to the pipeline sensor. Figure 1 is a block diagram of the first embodiment of the pipeline judging device of the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, the pipeline judgment device 1 includes: a memory unit 11, a processing unit 12, a communication interface 13 and a power unit (not shown). The processing unit 12 is connected to the memory unit 11 and the communication interface 13 respectively. The memory unit 11 is a non-volatile memory, such as a read-only memory, a solid state drive, etc., and the processing unit 12 is a chip set including a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a dynamic random access memory and peripheral circuits (if the The path judgment device 1 is a stand-alone device, the processing unit 12 can use, for example: arduino, 8051, STM32 chip), and the communication interface 13 is an external communication including a sensor signal connection port (such as: SPI, I2C, or analog electronic signals) Circuit (for example: RJ45 or RS-232/422/485) and/or display (for example: LCD display, LED display, etc.). The electrical energy unit is a battery and/or a transformer/rectifier circuit and power connection line that can be connected to an external power source, and can provide the electrical energy required for the operation of the pipeline judgment device.

The memory unit 11 stores plural pipeline names, plural reference pipeline outer diameter values and the pipeline name sorting corresponding to the reference pipeline outer diameter value. The pipeline names include nominal pipe diameters and national specifications. The pipeline name sorting is based on the reference The outer diameter value is input into the coincidence probability obtained by the outer diameter value probability function established based on the reference outer diameter and outer diameter tolerance of each pipeline name. The corresponding reference pipeline outer diameter value is sorted by pipeline names from high to low according to the probability of coincidence. become. The method of establishing pipeline name sorting using a stand-alone pipeline judgment device includes the following steps: Step 1: The memory unit 11 stores known pipe names, the reference outer diameter and outer diameter tolerance of each pipe name, and the probability function of the outer diameter value (for example, a normal distribution function). Step 2: The technician will input the reference pipe outer diameter value range (for example: 1 mm to 100 mm) and outer diameter resolution (for example: 0.1 mm) into the processing unit 12 through the communication interface 13. Step 3: The processing unit 12 generates a reference pipe outer diameter sequence (for example: 1.0, 1.1, 1.2...48.1,48.2,48.3...99.8, 99.9, 100) based on the reference pipe outer diameter value range and outer diameter resolution. ), the effective outer diameter range of all pipeline names is generated based on the base outer diameter and outer diameter tolerance of the pipe name (for example: the base outer diameter is used as the average value, the outer diameter tolerance multiplied by the proportional coefficient is used as the standard deviation, the effective outer diameter range = average value ± standard deviation), then the processing unit 12 can perform step 3-1 or step 3-2, wherein Step 3-1: Compare each reference pipe outer diameter value in the reference pipe outer diameter sequence to the effective outer diameter range of all pipeline names, and select the pipes whose reference pipe outer diameter value falls within the effective outer diameter range. The road name is set to the alternative pipeline, and the outer diameter value of each reference pipeline, the average value and the standard deviation of the alternative pipeline of each reference pipeline outer diameter value are input into the probability function of the outer diameter value to generate each reference outer diameter value. The coincidence probability of plural candidate pipelines is sorted from high to low according to the probability of coincidence. The pipeline names of the candidate pipelines with reference to the outer diameter of each reference pipeline are sorted and stored in the corresponding reference pipeline outer diameter value. memory unit 11; Step 3-2: Substitute each reference pipe outer diameter value of the reference pipe outer diameter sequence, the average value and standard deviation of all pipeline names into the probability function of the outer diameter value to generate the value of all pipeline names for each reference outer diameter value. Matching probability, select the pipeline names whose matching probability is higher than the probability threshold (for example: 0.01, 0.05, or 0.1). The selected pipeline names are sorted from high to low by the matching probability. The outer diameter of each selected reference pipeline will be The pipeline name sorting corresponding to the reference pipeline outer diameter value is stored in the memory unit 11 .

If there is further pipeline outer diameter distribution information, different pipeline names can be set to use different outer diameter value probability functions to calculate the probability of coincidence. The probability function of the outer diameter value of the pipeline is selected from the normal distribution function, the truncated normal distribution function, and the uniform distribution function. , one or more of truncated skew distribution function, Boisson distribution function, skew distribution function, triangular distribution function and U-shaped distribution function, or a combination thereof. Depending on the size of the memory unit 11 of the stand-alone pipeline judgment device, the technician can delete the probability function of the outer diameter value and the basis of each pipeline name through the processing unit 12 after completing the sorting of the pipeline names of all reference pipeline outer diameter values. The outer diameter and outer diameter tolerance, or further store the pipe wall thickness and error range, pipe material and other specification data of each pipeline name, to facilitate users to find the specification data of each pipeline name.

The implementation method can divide the memory unit 11 into several memory areas, including: a pipeline name sorting memory area and a pipeline specification memory area. The pipeline name sorting memory area stores the outer diameter values of all reference pipelines corresponding to each reference pipeline. The pipe names of the outer diameter values are sorted, and the pipe specification memory area stores the pipe specifications of each pipe name. An example of the pipeline name sorting memory area is shown in Table 1, and an example of the pipeline specification memory area is shown in Table 2. Table 1 Reference pipe outer diameter value (mm) sort Pipeline name Pipe specification storage address 48.1 1 2 1-1/2”-CNS-4053-UPVC 1-1/2”-CNS-1302-UPVC 0x0100 0x0200 48.2 1 2 3 1-1/2”-ASTM-D1785-sch40 1-1/2”-CNS-1302-UPVC 1-1/2”-CNS-4053-UPVC 0x0500 0x0100 0x0200 48.3 1 2 3 1-1/2”-ASTM-D1785-sch40 1-1/2”-CNS-1302-UPVC 1-1/2”-CNS-4053-UPVC 0x0500 0x0100 0x0200 Table 2 Pipeline name Pipe specifications Nominal pipe diameter National regulations Pipe material Reference outer diameter (mm) Outer diameter tolerance (mm) Pipe wall thickness (mm) Pipe thickness tolerance (mm) storage address 1-1/2” CNS1302 UPVC 48 ±0.4 3.1 +0.8~0.0 0x0100 CNS4053 UPVC 48 ±0.3 3.7 +0.6~0.0 0x0200 JISk6743 UPVC 48 ±0.3 3.7 +0.8~0.0 0x0300 DIN8062 SDR11 UPVC 50 ±0.2 4.6 +0.7~0.0 0x0400 ASTM D1785sch40 UPVC 48.26 ±0.15 3.68 ±0.51~0.0 0x0500 It is worth mentioning that since the pipeline names and pipeline specifications of various countries' pipeline standards are numerous and constantly being revised, the user can use the built-in input unit (such as buttons, touch screen, etc.) of the pipeline judgment device of the present invention. , not shown) or an external input device (such as a computer, mobile communication device, etc., not shown) transmits the newly added or changed pipeline name, reference pipeline outer diameter value and corresponding reference pipeline outer diameter through the communication interface 13 The sorting data of pipe names by diameter are sent to the processing unit 12, and the processing unit 12 then modifies or supplements the data stored in the memory unit 11.

The operation process of using the probability function of different outer diameter values to generate the sorting of pipe names with an outer diameter of 48.2 mm for the reference pipe listed in Table 1 is as follows: Taking the truncated normal distribution function as an example, the truncated normal distribution of the outer diameter value of each pipe function g _i (x)= * , where the average μ is the reference outer diameter; the standard deviation σ is J times the outer diameter tolerance, the value range of J is [1/6, 1], usually J is set to 1/2; in the case of the same positive and negative tolerance values , the value range is defined as k times the standard deviation, the value range of k is [2,6], the lower limit value a=μ-k*σ, the upper limit value b=μ+k*σ, ϕ(x) is Probability density function (probability density function), Φ(x) is the cumulative distribution function (cumulative distribution function), the calculation formulas of probability density function and cumulative distribution function can be found in mathematics and statistics textbooks. The number of pipelines (defined as candidate pipelines) that may meet the specific reference pipeline outer diameter value is set to n, and the probability distribution function f _i (x)=π _i * g _i of each candidate pipeline (1-n) (x), π _i is the weighting factor, without adjustment, π _i =1/n, the total value of the probability function integral of all candidate pipelines must be 1 ( =1). The coincidence probability of any alternative pipeline corresponding to a specific reference pipeline outer diameter value p _i =f _i (x)/F(x), where F(x)= .

Alternative pipelines include: 1-1/2”-CNS-1302-UPVC, 1-1/2”-CNS-4053-UPVC, 1-1/2”-ASTM-D1785-sch40, each alternative pipeline The coincidence probability calculation process is as follows: 1. The distribution function probability value of the alternative pipeline 1-1/2”-CNS-1302-UPVC at the reference pipeline outer diameter value 48.2 mm: mean μ=48 standard deviation 0.2(J *Outer diameter tolerance 0.4, J takes 1/2, σ=0.4/2) Effective outer diameter range x=[48±0.6] (value range k*σ, k takes 3) Truncated normal distribution function g ₁ (x= 48.2)=1.2133 The probability value of the distribution function of the alternative pipeline f ₁ (x=48.2)=π ₁ *g ₁ (x=48.2) =0.404(π ₁ =1/the number of alternative pipelines n, n=3 ) 2. The distribution function probability value of the alternative pipeline 1-1/2”-CNS-4053-UPVC at the reference pipeline outer diameter value 48.2 mm: mean μ=48 standard deviation 0.1 (J*outer diameter tolerance 0.3, J takes 1/3, σ=0.3/3) Effective outer diameter range x=[48±0.3] (value range k*σ, k takes 3) Truncated normal distribution function g ₂ (x=48.2)=0.541 Alternative The distribution function probability value of the pipeline f ₂ (x=48.2)=π ₂ *g ₂ (x=48.2) =0.180(π ₂ =1/3) 3. Alternative pipeline 1-1/2”-ASTM- The distribution function probability value of D1785-sch40 at the reference pipe outer diameter value 48.2 mm: average μ=48.26 effective outer diameter range x=[48.26-0.15,48.26+0.15] uniform distribution function g ₃ (x=48.2)=1 /0.3 (uniformly distributed probability) Distribution function probability value of alternative pipeline f ₃ (x=48.2)=π ₃ *g ₃ (x=48.2) =1.111(π ₃ =1/3) 4. Alternative pipeline The sum of the distribution function probability values of the road and the coincidence probability of each alternative pipeline: The sum of the probability values of the distribution function of the alternative pipeline F(x=48.2)=f ₁ (x=48.2)+f ₂ (x=48.2)+f ₃ (x=48.2)=1.695 The probability value p ₁ (x=48.2)= f ₁ (x= 48.2)/F(x=48.2)=0.404/1.695==0.238 The probability value p ₂ (x= 48.2)= f ₂ (x=48.2)/F(x=48.2)=0.180/1.695=0.106 The alternative pipeline 1-1/2”-ASTM-D1785-sch40 corresponds to the reference pipeline outer diameter value of 48.2 mm. Probability value p ₃ (x=48.2)= f ₃ (x=48.2)/F(x=48.2)=1.111/1.695=0.655 5. Sort by probability of coincidence from high to low, corresponding to the reference pipe outer diameter value 48.2 mm Pipe name: Sort 1: 1-1/2”-ASTM-D1785-sch40, Sort 2: 1-1/2”-CNS-1302-UPVC, Sort 3: 1-1/2”-CNS-4053- UPVC.

If the uncertainty of the outer diameter measurement data is taken into account, the probability function can be used to integrate the probability in the uncertainty interval to calculate the coincidence probability of each candidate pipeline corresponding to the outer diameter value of the reference pipeline. Again, taking the reference pipe outer diameter value 48.2 mm and its alternative pipes listed in Table 1 as an example, the measurement uncertainty of the preset outer diameter measurement data at the reference outer diameter value is ±0.05 mm. The coincidence probability calculation process and ranking of the pipelines are as follows: 1. The distribution of the alternative pipeline 1-1/2”-CNS-1302-UPVC when the reference pipeline outer diameter value is 48.2 mm and the measurement uncertainty is ±0.05 mm Function probability value: average value μ=48 standard deviation 0.2 (J*outer diameter tolerance 0.4, J is 1/2, σ=0.4/2) effective outer diameter range x=[48±0.6] (value range k*σ , k is 3) Calculate the probability of truncated normal distribution function g ₁ (x) when x is between 48.15 and 48.25 = 0.121 The probability of alternative pipeline distribution function f ₁ (x) = π ₁ *g ₁ (x) = 0.040( π ₁ =1/number of alternative pipelines n, n=3) 2. The alternative pipeline specification 1-1/2”-CNS-4053-UPVC has an outer diameter value of 48.2 mm in the reference pipeline and the measurement is uncertain The probability value of the distribution function with a degree of ±0.05 mm: mean μ=48 standard deviation 0.1 (J*outer diameter tolerance 0.3, J is 1/3, σ=0.3/3) effective outer diameter range x=[48±0.3] (Value range k*σ, k is 3) Calculate the probability of the truncated normal distribution function g ₂ (x) when x is between 48.15 and 48.25 = 0.061 The probability of the distribution function of the alternative pipeline f ₂ (x) = π ₂ * g ₂ (x) =0.020(π ₂ =1/3) 3. The alternative pipeline 1-1/2”-ASTM-D1785-sch40 has an outer diameter value of 48.2 mm in the reference pipeline and a measurement uncertainty of ±0.15 The probability value of the distribution function of mm: Average μ=48.26 Effective outer diameter range x=[48.26-0.15,48.26+0.15] Calculate the uniform distribution probability g ₃ (x) The probability that x is between 48.15 and 48.25=0.333 Alternative The distribution function probability of the pipeline f ₃ (x)=π ₃ *g ₃ (x) =0.111(π ₃ =1/3) 4. The sum of the distribution function probability values of the candidate pipelines and the consistency of each candidate pipeline Probability: The sum of the probability values of the distribution function of the alternative pipeline F(x)=0.040+0.020+0.111=0.171 The alternative pipeline 1-1/2”-CNS-1302-UPVC corresponds to the reference pipeline outer diameter value of 48.2 mm and The coincidence probability value p ₁ (x)= f ₁ (x)/F(x)=0.040/0.171=0.234 with measurement uncertainty ±0.05 corresponds to the alternative pipeline 1-1/2”-CNS-4053-UPVC The coincidence probability value p ₂ (x)= f ₂ (x)/F(x)=0.020/0.171=0.117 for the reference pipe outer diameter value 48.2 mm and measurement uncertainty ±0.05 mm Alternative pipe 1-1 /2”-ASTM-D1785-sch40 corresponding to the reference pipe outer diameter value 48.2 mm, the coincidence probability value p ₃ (x)= f ₃ (x)/F(x)=0.111/0.171=0.649 5. According to the coincidence probability value: Ranking from high to low corresponds to the name of the pipeline with a reference pipe outer diameter value of 48.2 mm and a measurement uncertainty of ±0.05 mm: Sorting 1: 1-1/2”-ASTM-D1785-sch40 Sorting 2: 1-1/2 "-CNS-1302-UPVC, Sort 3: 1-1/2"-CNS-4053-UPVC.

The processing unit 12 receives the outer diameter measurement data of the pipeline (for example: 48.2 mm) from the user or the sensor, compares the outer diameter measurement data with the reference pipe outer diameter value, and selects the corresponding outer diameter measurement data that is the same as the outer diameter measurement data. Sort the pipe names with reference to the outer diameter value, and generate at least one pipe name that matches the outer diameter measurement data based on the sorting of the pipe names with the same reference pipe outer diameter value as the outer diameter measurement data, for example: ranked first The names of the pipelines, the names of the pipelines sorted from first to third, and the names of all the pipelines sorted. The communication interface 13 outputs (transmits the pipeline name to the user's computer device via a wired or wireless network or displays the pipeline name on the display) the pipeline name that matches the outer diameter measurement data for the user to identify, select or further process. Use. If the processing unit 12 does not find a pipe name that matches the outer diameter measurement data, the processing unit 12 generates a notification page for new pipe specifications, and the communication interface 13 outputs a notification page to prompt the user to add a new pipe name; in the user The newly added pipeline name is input through the communication interface 13 (for example: a screen panel with touch function) or the input unit (for example: buttons, keyboard, etc., not shown), and the processing unit 12 rewrites the outer diameter measurement data as The newly added reference pipeline outer diameter value is stored in the memory unit 11 corresponding to the newly added pipeline name.

The present invention provides another pipeline judgment device, including: a processing unit, a memory unit and a communication interface. The memory unit stores multiple pipeline names, multiple reference pipeline outer diameter values, and the coincidence of pipeline names corresponding to the reference pipeline outer diameter values. Probability, in which the probability of the pipeline name matching is obtained by inputting the reference outer diameter value into the probability function of the outer diameter value established based on the base outer diameter and outer diameter tolerance of the pipeline name; the processing unit is connected to the memory unit and receives the outer diameter value of the pipeline. Compare the outer diameter measurement data with the reference pipe outer diameter value, select the pipe name corresponding to the reference outer diameter value that is the same as the outer diameter measurement data, and select the pipe name that corresponds to the reference outer diameter value that is the same as the outer diameter measurement data. The coincidence probability of the pipeline name of the pipeline outer diameter value generates at least one pipeline name that matches the outer diameter measurement data; and the communication interface is connected to the processing unit and outputs the pipeline name that matches the outer diameter measurement data.

As in steps 3-1 and 3-2 of the above method of establishing pipeline name ranking, the processing unit can calculate the matching probability of the candidate pipeline whose outer diameter value of the reference pipeline falls within the effective outer diameter range or the probability of all pipeline names. Match the probability, and then use the probability threshold (0.01, 0.05 or 0.1) to exclude pipeline names with too low matching probability, and store the pipeline names with matching probability higher than the probability threshold and the reference pipeline outer diameter value corresponding to the matching probability in the memory unit . If it is considered that specific areas or specific industries will use pipelines of specific specifications, in order to improve the efficiency and accuracy of determining pipeline names, the memory unit of this embodiment can further store the weighting factor of the pipeline name corresponding to the reference pipeline outer diameter value; The processing unit selects the coincidence probability of the pipeline name corresponding to the reference external diameter value that is the same as the external diameter measurement data, based on the coincidence probability and weighting factor of the pipeline name corresponding to the reference pipeline external diameter value that is the same as the external diameter measurement data. Generate at least one pipeline name that matches the outer diameter measurement data.

If the processing unit finds no pipe name that matches the outer diameter measurement data, the processing unit generates a notification page for adding a new pipe name, and the communication interface outputs a notification page to prompt the user to add a new pipe name; Or the input unit inputs the newly added pipeline name or simultaneously inputs the newly added pipeline name and its pipeline specifications. The processing unit rewrites the outer diameter measurement data into the newly added reference outer diameter value and adds the newly added reference The outer diameter value corresponds to the newly added pipeline name or the newly added pipeline name and its specifications and is stored in the memory unit.

Based on the distribution probability function of the above candidate pipeline and the reference pipeline outer diameter value shown in Table 1 and Table 2, the memory unit stores the coincidence probability and weighting factor corresponding to the reference pipeline outer diameter as shown in Table 3. table 3 Reference pipe outer diameter value (mm) Pipeline name Match probability*weighting factor Pipe specification storage address 48.2 1-1/2”-ASTM-D1785-sch40 1-1/2”-CNS-1302-UPVC 1-1/2”-CNS-4053-UPVC 0.649*a ₁ 0.238*a ₂ 0.117*a ₃ 0x0500 0x0100 0x0200 Table 4 weight factor Use area Industry a ₁ =a ₁₁ *a ₁₂ Taiwana ₁₁ <1 United States a ₁₁ >1 Semiconductor a ₁₂ >1 Other a ₁₂ =1 a ₂ =a ₂₁ *a ₂₂ Taiwana ₂₁ =1 United States a ₂₁ <1 Semiconductor a ₂₂ =1 Other a ₂₂ =1 a ₃ =a ₃₁ *a ₃₂ Taiwana ₃₁ >1 United States a ₃₁ <1 Semiconductor a ₃₂ =1 Other a ₃₂ =1 The default value of each weighting factor is 1. After the processing unit receives the outer diameter measurement data, it can generate "other information" field information, and the communication interface outputs the "other information" field for the user to input, for example: usage area , industry and other information; if the user does not input any information, the processing unit generates pipes that meet the outer diameter measurement data based on the highest value of the originally stored pipe specifications corresponding to the reference pipe outer diameter value or from high to low. road name; if the user inputs other information, the processing unit changes the value of the weighting factor corresponding to the other information, calculates the product of the pipeline name's coincidence probability and the weight factor to generate the adjusted pipeline name coincidence probability, based on the adjusted pipeline The name matching probability generates a pipeline name that matches the outer diameter measurement data. By adjusting the probability of matching pipeline names with weighting factors corresponding to other information such as usage regions and industries, the efficiency and accuracy of determining pipelines can be further improved.

Fig. 2A is a perspective view of the second embodiment of the pipeline judging device of the present invention, and Fig. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the pipeline judging device shown in Fig. 2A along the section I-I'. As shown in Figure 2A, the pipeline judging device 2 includes: a housing 20, a buckle 21, an outer diameter measuring unit 22, a memory unit, a processing unit, a communication interface and a power unit (not shown), wherein the memory unit, processing unit The unit, communication interface and power unit are arranged in the casing 20 . The buckle 21 includes a bearing platform 211, fixing seats 212 and U-shaped screws 213 located on both sides of the bearing platform 211. The housing 20 and the outer diameter measuring unit 22 are installed in the bearing platform 211. The user selects the U-shaped screw 213 suitable for the outer diameter of the pipeline 200, 200', passes through the opening of the pipeline 200 and the fixing base 212, and locks the U-shaped screw 213 and the fixing base 212 with a nut (not shown), that is, The pipeline judging device 2 can be fixed on the outer surface of the pipelines 200, 200'.

As shown in Figure 2B, the outer diameter measuring unit 22 includes: a clamp 221, a stopper 222, two springs 223 and a linear displacement sensor 224. The clamp 221 has a shaft portion 221a, an inverted V-shaped side wall 221b and a sensor. Block 221c, the shaft part 221a is embedded in the guide groove of the bearing platform 211, slots are formed on both sides of the inverted V-shaped side wall 221b, and a through hole is formed in the center of the inverted V-shaped side wall, and the inductor is made of magnetically sensitive metal materials or magnets. The block 221c is provided on the side where the shaft portion 221a is embedded in the bearing platform 211; one end of the stopper 222 is engaged with the limiting groove of the bearing platform 211, and the other end of the stopper 222 passes through the clamp 221 and the center of the inverted V-shaped side wall 221b. The through holes are flush, and the two ends of the two springs 223 are respectively fixed on the slots of the bearing platform 211 and the inverted V-shaped side wall 221b; a linear displacement sensor 224 (for example, a magnetostrictive displacement sensor) is installed on the bearing platform 211 for proximity sensing. Block 221c is located and connected to the processing unit. It is worth noting that the number of springs 223 is not limited to two. In other embodiments, a single spring 223 can be used, which is fixed to the slots of the bearing platform 211 and the inverted V-shaped side wall 221b far away from the sensing block 221c respectively, so as to convert the linear spring 223 to two. The displacement sensor 224 is installed in a slot close to the inverted V-shaped side wall 221b and the sensing block 221c, and can also achieve the function of measuring the outer diameter of the pipeline.

The pipeline judging device 2 is installed in front of the pipelines 200, 200', and the elastic force of the spring 223 pushes the inverted V-shaped side wall 221b of the clamp 221 to a position that protrudes from the bearing platform 211. When the pipeline judging device 2 is installed on the pipelines 200 and 200', the inverted V-shaped side wall contacts the outer surfaces of the pipelines 200 and 200'. As the outer diameters of the pipelines 200 and 200' are different, the outer surfaces of the pipelines 200 and 200' will change. Contact different positions of the inverted V-shaped side wall 221b (that is, the larger the outer diameter of the pipe, the closer the position where the outer surface of the pipe contacts the inverted V-shaped side wall will be to the inverted V-shaped opening), with U-shaped screws 213 and nuts Tighten the pipelines 200, 200' and the fixed seat 212, so that the clamp 221 moves toward the inside of the bearing platform 211 (the shaft 221a moves along the guide groove of the bearing platform 211 to protrude from the surface of the bearing platform 211, and the inverted V-shaped side wall 221b retreats to the bearing (inside the platform 211) to the stopper 222 to block the outer surface of the pipeline 200. The elastic force of the spring 223 ensures that there is no gap between the outer surface of the pipeline 200, 200' and the inverted V-shaped side wall 221b. The linear displacement sensor 224 can automatically measure the installation. The moving distance of the sensing block 221c on the shaft portion 221a (radial displacement, defined as the outer diameter measurement data). Since there is a linear correspondence between the diameter of the pipeline 200 and 200' and the radial movement distance of the clamp 221, the linear displacement sensor 224 can store the conversion data of the radial movement distance of the clamp 221 to the outer diameter of the pipeline. When the linear displacement The displacement sensor 224 measures the radial movement distance of the clamp 221 to generate outer diameter measurement data. After receiving the outer diameter measurement data from the outer diameter measurement unit 22, the processing unit compares the outer diameter measurement data with the reference pipe outer diameter value, and selects the pipe name ranking corresponding to the reference outer diameter value that is the same as the outer diameter measurement data. , based on the sorting of pipeline names corresponding to the reference pipeline external diameter value that is the same as the external diameter measurement data, at least one pipeline name that matches the external diameter measurement data is generated; the communication interface outputs a pipeline name that matches the external diameter measurement data, For users to identify, select or further process. If the memory unit further stores the pipeline specifications corresponding to each pipeline name (including: pipeline material, pipe wall thickness, etc.), the processing unit can simultaneously generate pipeline names and corresponding pipeline specifications that conform to the outer diameter measurement data, and communicate The interface outputs pipe names and corresponding pipe specifications that match the outer diameter measurement data for users to directly process.

3A is a perspective view of a third embodiment of the pipeline judging device of the present invention, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of the pipeline judging device shown in FIG. 3A along the pipeline path. As shown in Figure 3A, the pipeline judging device 3 includes: a housing 30, a buckle 31, an outer diameter measuring unit 32, a memory unit, a processing unit, a communication interface and a power unit (not shown), wherein the memory unit, processing unit The unit, communication interface and power unit are arranged in the casing 30 . The buckle 31 includes a bearing platform 311, fixing seats 312 and U-shaped screws 313 (one side is not shown) located on both sides of the bearing platform 311. The housing 30 and the outer diameter measuring unit 32 are installed in the bearing platform 311. The user selects the U-shaped screw 313 suitable for the outer diameter of the pipeline 300, 300', passes through the opening of the pipeline 300, 300' and the fixing base 312, and locks the U-shaped screw 313 and the fixing base with a nut (not shown). 312, the pipeline judging device 3 can be fixed on the outer surface of the pipeline 300, 300'.

As shown in Figure 3B, the outer diameter measuring unit 32 is connected to the processing unit and includes: a clamp 321 and an angular displacement sensor 322. The clamp 321 has two side arms, and one end of the two side arms is meshed with a gear (defined as a vertex O), the other ends of the two side arms can be opened and closed according to the outer diameter of the pipeline 300, 300'. Place the two side arms against the outer surface of the pipeline 300, 300' (defined as the oblique tangent point P), tighten the pipeline 300, 300' and the fixed seat 312 with the U-shaped screws 313 and nuts, so that the pipeline 300, 300' The upper outer surface is close to the bottom surface of the outer diameter measuring unit 32 (defined as the vertical tangent point Q), and the angular displacement sensor 322 can automatically measure the angle of the side arm opening (the line connecting the vertex O to the side oblique tangent point P The angle Θ between the line connecting the vertex O and the vertical tangent point Q is defined as the curvature) to generate the outer diameter measurement data. Because the radius r of the outer surface of the pipeline 300, 300' is the sine value of the distance from the vertex O through the vertical tangent point Q to the center C of the circle (r= *sinΘ), where The length of is the sum of the distance L between the vertex O and the vertical tangent point Q and the radius r. The memory unit pre-stores the distance L between the vertex O and the vertical tangent point Q. The processing unit receives the outer diameter of the pipeline from the outer diameter measurement unit 32 Curvature data, the radius r and the outer diameter 2r of the outer surface of the pipeline 300, 300' can be obtained by the formula r=L*sinΘ/(1-sinΘ), and then the steps described in the first embodiment are followed to generate and output the outer diameter. The pipe name of the outer diameter measurement data; the communication interface outputs the pipe name that matches the outer diameter measurement data for the user to identify, select or further process.

Fig. 4A is a perspective view of the fourth embodiment of the pipeline judging device of the present invention, and Fig. 4B is an I-I’ cross-sectional view of the pipeline judging device shown in Fig. 4A. As shown in Figure 4A, the pipeline judgment device 4 includes: a housing, a buckle 41, an outer diameter measuring unit 42, a memory unit, a processing unit, a communication interface and a power unit (not shown), wherein the memory unit, the processing unit And the communication interface is arranged in the casing. The buckle 41 includes a bearing platform 411, fixing seats 412 and U-shaped screws 413 located on both sides of the bearing platform 411. The shell is installed in the bearing platform 411, and one side of the outer diameter measuring unit 42 is connected to the flange of the bearing platform 411. 411a. The user selects the U-shaped screw 413 suitable for the outer diameter of the pipeline 400, 400', passes through the opening of the pipeline 400, 400' and the fixing base 412, and locks the U-shaped screw 413 and the fixing base with a nut (not shown) 412, the pipeline judging device 4 can be fixed on the outer surface of the pipeline 400, 400'.

As shown in Figure 4B, the outer diameter measuring unit 42 includes: a clamp 421 and an optical displacement sensor 422. The clamp 421 has an L-shaped base 421a, two arms 421b, an adjustment screw 421c and an optical scale 421d. The scale 421d is disposed in the support arm 421b, and the optical displacement sensor 422 is disposed on the surface of the bearing platform 411 at a position adjacent to the optical scale 421d and connected to the processing unit. In this embodiment, the pipelines 400 and 400' are placed on the L-shaped base 421a, and the adjusting screw 421c is rotated so that the housing 40 and the L-shaped base 421a clamp the upper and lower outer surfaces of the pipelines 400 and 400', and then tighten the nuts (not shown). (Illustration) Tighten the U-shaped screw 413 and the fixing seat 412, and then the pipeline judgment device 4 can be installed on the pipeline 400, 400'. During the process of rotating the adjusting screw to make the housing 40 and the L-shaped base 421b clamp the upper and lower outer surfaces of the pipeline 400, 400', the optical displacement sensor 422 and the optical scale 421d follow the radial displacement of the bearing platform 411 along the pipeline 400, 400'. , the optical scale 421d has an optical scale corresponding to the displacement distance. The optical displacement sensor 422 captures the scale image on the optical scale 421d to generate outer diameter measurement data; the processing unit receives the outer diameter from the outer diameter measurement unit 42 Measure the data, and then follow the steps described in the first embodiment to generate a pipeline name that conforms to the outer diameter measurement data; the communication interface outputs a pipeline name that conforms to the outer diameter measurement data for the user to identify, select, or further process. Use.

The above-mentioned pipeline judgment device can be combined with other sensors to further improve the accuracy of pipeline judgment. In another embodiment of the pipeline judgment device of the present invention, the pipeline judgment device includes: a memory unit, a processing unit, a communication interface, a resistance measurement element and a power unit, wherein the processing unit is respectively connected to the memory unit, communication interface and resistance measurement unit. Components and memory units store pipeline names, the ordering of pipeline names and pipe resistance values. The resistance values of various pipe materials can be obtained from public technical information. In this embodiment, the resistance measuring element has two electrodes, and its structure and function are similar to the existing digital three-purpose ammeter that can measure current/resistance/voltage. When the two electrodes are installed on the outer surface of the pipeline, the resistance measurement The element generates resistance measurement data of the pipeline. The processing unit generates a pipeline name that matches the outer diameter measurement data as described in the first embodiment, receives the resistance measurement data from the resistance measurement unit, and selects a pipe whose resistance value matches the resistance from the pipeline names that match the outer diameter measurement data. The pipeline name of the measurement data; the communication interface transmits the pipeline name that matches the outer diameter measurement data and resistance measurement data. By measuring the resistance of the pipeline material, the pipeline identification device can clearly distinguish pipeline specifications with the same outer diameter but different materials (for example: PVC pipes and stainless steel pipes). If the processing unit detects no pipeline name whose pipe resistance value matches the resistance measurement thickness, the main reason is that the electrode does not contact the surface of the pipeline or other components are abnormal, the processing unit generates a check signal, and the communication interface notifies the user to check the pipeline judgment device or Added pipeline names and specifications.

In another embodiment of the pipeline judgment device of the present invention, the pipeline judgment device includes: a memory unit, a processing unit, a communication interface, a hardness measurement component and a power unit, wherein the processing unit is connected to the memory unit, communication interface and hardness measurement unit respectively. The component, the memory unit stores the pipeline name, the sorting of pipeline names and the pipe hardness value. The pipe hardness is related to the material and pipe thickness (metal hardness is higher than plastic, thick pipe has higher hardness than thin pipe). The hardness value of various pipes can be determined by public technology. Information may be obtained from actual sample measurements in advance. In this embodiment, the hardness measuring element has a retractable probe whose structure and function are similar to existing digital hardness testers that can measure product hardness. When the probe is pressed against the outer surface of the pipeline, the hardness measuring element can produce Pipeline hardness measurement data. The processing unit generates a pipeline name that matches the outer diameter measurement data as described in the first embodiment, receives the hardness measurement data from the hardness measurement unit, and selects a pipe with a hardness value that matches the hardness from the pipeline names that match the outer diameter measurement data. The pipe name of the measurement data; the communication interface transmits the pipe name that matches the outer diameter measurement data and hardness measurement data. By measuring the hardness of the pipeline material, the pipeline judgment device can clearly distinguish pipeline specifications with the same outer diameter but different materials or thicknesses (for example: PVC pipes and stainless steel pipes, thick pipes and thin pipes). If the processing unit detects no pipeline name whose pipe hardness value matches the hardness measurement thickness, the main reason is that the probe does not contact the surface of the pipeline or other components are abnormal, the processing unit generates a check signal, and the communication interface notifies the user to check the pipeline judgment device Or add a new pipeline name and its specifications.

FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view along the pipeline axis of the fifth embodiment of the pipeline judging device of the present invention. FIG. 5B is a signal diagram of the pipe thickness measurement signal of the pipeline judging device shown in FIG. 5A. As shown in Figure 5A, the pipeline judgment device 5 is installed on the outer surface of the pipeline 500, and includes: a memory unit 51, a processing unit 52, a communication interface 53, an ultrasonic probe 54, an ultrasonic coupling layer 55 and an electric energy unit (not yet shown). (shown in figure), the processing unit 52 is connected to the memory unit 51, the communication interface 53 and the ultrasonic probe 54 respectively, and the ultrasonic coupling layer 55 is sandwiched between the ultrasonic probe 54 and the upper outer surface of the pipeline 500. The structure and function of the memory unit 51, the processing unit 52 and the communication interface 53 are as described in the first embodiment. The ultrasonic probe 54 includes a piezoelectric material layer 541 for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic signals and an acoustic resistance matching that can reduce ultrasonic energy consumption. Layer 542.

In the process of ultrasonic signal transmission through media, the clearer the interface between the two media is, the weaker the ultrasonic wave reflected by the interface of the two media is. The material of the ultrasonic coupling layer 55 (such as silicone oil, silicone rubber, rubber, etc.) can significantly reduce the ultrasonic wave reflection. There is a gap between the sonic probe 54 and the outer surface of the pipeline to increase the energy ratio of the ultrasonic signal passing through the pipeline wall 501; the material of the tube wall 501 has a large difference in acoustic resistance from the gas or liquid in the pipeline 500, and adjacent ultrasonic waves The gas or liquid interface on the inner surface 500a of the pipeline of the probe 54 will reflect a certain proportion of the ultrasonic sensing signal. When the processing unit 52 receives the pipe outer diameter measurement data from the user or the outer diameter measuring element (as shown in Figures 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B), it compares the outer diameter measurement data with the reference pipe outer diameter. diameter value, select the reference outer diameter value that is the same as the outer diameter measurement data and sort the pipeline names corresponding to the reference pipeline outer diameter value, and generate at least one pipeline name that matches the outer diameter measurement data.

In this embodiment, the memory unit 51 stores the pipe wall thickness and pipe thickness tolerance of the pipeline name, and the processing unit 52 presets the sound velocity Vp of the pipeline material (the sound velocity of a specific material or the average sound velocity of common pipeline materials can be selected), The minimum threshold value Rmin of the ultrasonic reflection signal and the maximum threshold value Rmax of the ultrasonic reflection signal. After the processing unit 52 generates at least one pipeline name that conforms to the outer diameter measurement data, it controls the ultrasonic probe 54 to transmit the sensing signal S (actually in FIG. 5A ) along the radial direction of the pipeline 500 (in the Y-axis direction in FIG. 5A ). (indicated by line arrows) and receives the reflection signal R1 from the interface between the acoustic resistance matching layer 542 and the ultrasonic coupling layer 55, the reflection signal R2 from the interface between the ultrasonic coupling layer 55 and the outer surface of the pipeline 500, and the inner surface 500a of the pipeline and The reflected signal R3 of the gas or liquid interface in the pipeline 500 (shown by the dotted arrow mark in Figure 5A).

Then, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B , the processing unit 52 presets the starting time point for the ultrasonic probe 54 to transmit the sensing signal as T0, and switches the ultrasonic wave after transmitting the sensing signal for about a few microseconds (for example, 5-15 microseconds). The probe 54 receives the reflected signal; the reflected signals R1 and R2 are closely connected in timing and have a very small time difference (1-10 microseconds) with the reflected signal R3. Therefore, the reflected signals R1, R2 and the reflected signal R3 can be divided into two adjacent groups. Continuous waveform signal; the processing unit 52 compares the signal received by the ultrasonic probe 54 with the ultrasonic reflection signal minimum threshold Rmin. If a continuous waveform signal greater than the ultrasonic reflection signal minimum threshold Rmin peak value appears, it is determined to be a reflection signal; processing unit 52 Analyze two groups of continuous waveform signals, define the first group of continuous waveform signals as reflection signals R1, R2, the second group of continuous waveform signals as reflection signal R3, and define the highest peak occurrence time point of the first group of continuous waveform signals as ultrasonic waves The time point T1 when the probe 54 receives the reflection signal R2 and the time point when the highest peak of the second group of continuous waveform signals occurs is the time point T2 when the ultrasonic probe 54 receives the reflection signal R3, thereby generating a sensing signal S and a reflection signal R3 along the pipeline. 500 radial round-trip flight time (T0 to T2); the distance between the sensing signal S and the reflected signal R1R2 along the tube path (twice the distance from the piezoelectric material layer 541 to the ultrasonic coupling layer 55) and the speed of sound can pass through Theoretical calculation or pre-measurement is obtained, that is, the round-trip flight time (T0 to T1) of the sensing signal S and the reflection signal R1R2 is known data, and the processing unit 52 uses the sensing signal S and the reflection signal R3 to and fro (the piezoelectric material layer 541 The flight time (T0 to T2) that is twice the distance to the pipe wall 501) is deducted from the preset sensing signal S and the reflection signal R1, R2 round-trip flight time (T0 to T1) to obtain the sensing signal S and the reflection signal R3 round trip. The flight time (T1 to T2) of the pipe wall 501 is calculated based on 1/2 of the product of the preset sound velocity Vp of the pipe and the flight time (T1 to T2) of the ultrasonic signal to and from the pipe wall 501 to generate the pipe thickness measurement of the pipe 500. Data d (d=(Vp*(T2-T1))/2), select the pipe name whose pipe wall thickness matches the pipe thickness measurement data from the pipe names that match the outer diameter measurement data; the communication interface 53 transmits the data in accordance with Pipeline name of pipe thickness measurement data. The technical content disclosed in the applicant's Taiwan invention patent application No. 110110056 regarding ultrasonic sensing signals, reflected signals, minimum thresholds of reflected signals, maximum thresholds of reflected signals, and flight time are incorporated into this case.

The three different pipe names and pipe thickness specifications specified in 1-1/2”-ASTM-D1785 are shown in Table 5. Table 5 Pipeline name Reference outer diameter (mm) Outer diameter tolerance (mm) Pipe wall thickness (mm) Pipe thickness tolerance (mm) 1-1/2”-ASTM-D1785-sch40 48.26 ±0.15 3.68 +0.51~0.0 1-1/2”-ASTM-D1785-sch80 48.26 ±0.15 5.08 +0.61~0.0 1-1/2”-ASTM-D1785-sch120 48.26 ±0.15 5.72 +0.68~0.0 If the outer diameter measurement data generated by the processing unit 52 is 48.0 mm and the pipe thickness measurement data is 4.0 mm, the processing unit 52 selects 1-1/2”-ASTM-UPVC-sch 40 as the outer diameter measurement data and The pipeline name of the pipe thickness measurement data. If the processing unit 52 does not check the pipeline name whose pipe wall thickness matches the pipe thickness measurement data, the main reasons include: new pipeline specifications, the ultrasonic probe 54 does not fit the pipeline 500 Surface (reflection signal R2 exceeding the minimum threshold of the ultrasonic reflection signal comes from the interface between the pipeline 500 and the ultrasonic coupling layer 55), pipe wall wear or other component abnormalities, for example: the outer diameter measurement data generated by the processing unit 52 is 48.0 mm If the pipe wall measurement data is 8.0 mm, the processing unit 52 generates an inspection signal, and the communication interface 53 notifies the user to inspect the pipeline 500 and the pipeline judgment device 5 or to add a pipeline name and pipeline specifications.

When an abnormality occurs in the pipeline 500 transporting liquid, if the processing unit 52 determines that the highest peak value of the first group of continuous waveform signals, that is, the reflection signals R1 and R2 is greater than the maximum ultrasonic reflection signal threshold Rmax (as shown in Figure 5B), it indicates that the edge The radial transmission path of the pipeline 500 has an abnormal air interface in front of the inner surface 500b of the pipeline relative to the ultrasonic probe 54 (including: the ultrasonic coupling layer 55 and the outer surface of the pipeline 500 are not tightly connected, and the pipeline 500 is empty or a large amount of bubbles or a large amount of solid matter), the processing unit 52 generates a warning signal representing an abnormality in the fluid conveyed by the ultrasonic probe 54 or the pipeline 500; the communication interface 53 outputs a warning signal to notify the user to check the pipeline judgment device 5 and Pipeline. By utilizing and analyzing ultrasonic signals, the pipeline judgment device 5 can not only measure the pipe thickness and further confirm the pipeline name and specifications, but also has the function of self-checking the installation status and monitoring the status of the fluid pipeline.

The above-mentioned pipeline judging device can be combined with an ultrasonic sensor for measuring flow to form a flow meter with the functions of judging the pipeline and monitoring the fluid in the pipeline. Figure 6A is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the transit flow meter of the present invention; Figure 6B is a cross-sectional schematic view of the first ultrasonic probe of the flow meter shown in Figure 6A; Figure 6C is a first ultrasonic probe of the flow meter shown in Figure 6B Transmitting and receiving signal diagram of the probe. As shown in Figure 6A, the present invention provides a flow meter 6 with the function of judging pipelines and monitoring pipeline fluids, including: a clamp 60 detachably fixed on the outer surface of the pipeline 600, and a memory unit installed in the clamp 60 61. Processing unit 62, communication interface 63, first ultrasonic probe 64, second ultrasonic probe 65, third ultrasonic probe 66, plural ultrasonic coupling layers 67 and power unit (not shown), processing unit 62 respectively Connect the memory unit 61, the communication interface 63, the first ultrasonic probe 64, the second ultrasonic probe 65 and the third ultrasonic probe 66; the first ultrasonic probe 64, the second ultrasonic probe 65 and the third ultrasonic probe 66 Arranged along one side of the axial direction of the pipeline 600 (the direction indicated by the 66 and the outer surface of pipeline 600.

The memory unit 61 stores a plurality of pipeline names and pipeline specifications (including pipe wall thickness and pipe thickness tolerance), a plurality of reference pipeline outer diameter values, and a sequence of pipeline names corresponding to the reference pipeline outer diameter value, where the pipeline names The sorting is based on the coincidence probability obtained by inputting these reference outer diameter values into the outer diameter value probability function established based on the base outer diameter and outer diameter tolerance of the pipe name. The corresponding reference pipe outer diameter values are ranked from high to low in accordance with the probability of coincidence. The processing unit 62 presets the sound velocity Vp of the pipeline material (the sound velocity of a specific material or the average sound velocity of common pipeline materials can be selected), the reference fluid sound velocity Vf0 (optional water, oil, solvent and other common The sound speed or average sound speed of the fluid), the minimum threshold of the reflection signal at the interface between the first inner surface 600a of the pipeline and the fluid in the pipeline (can be obtained by pre-measurement of the signal strengths of various fluids, and is defined as the minimum threshold of the reflection signal in the first period Rmin1), The minimum threshold of the interface reflection signal between the fluid in the pipeline and the second inner surface 600b of the pipeline (can be obtained by pre-measurement of the signal strengths of various fluids, and is defined as the minimum threshold of the reflection signal Rmin2 in the second period) and other parameters.

In the case where the pipeline 600 transports fluid, the processing unit 62 selects a pipeline name that matches the outer diameter measurement data and the pipe thickness measurement data according to the steps of the above embodiment, and then selects a pipeline name that matches the outer diameter measurement data and the pipe thickness measurement data. The inner diameter of the pipe name (the base outer diameter minus 2 times the pipe wall thickness or the outer diameter measurement data minus 2 times the pipe thickness measurement data) and the default reference fluid sound velocity Vf0 set the first sensing signal S1 and the pipeline The flight time threshold Tth of the reflected signal from the second inner surface 600b along the radial direction of the pipeline 600 to and from the inner diameter of the pipeline 600 (between the flight time of the reflected signal from the first inner surface 600a of the pipeline and the reflection from the second inner surface 600 of the pipeline The flight time of the signal, for example: Tth=N*pipe inner diameter/Vf0, 1<N<2), according to the flight time threshold Tth, the time domain in which the first ultrasonic probe 64 receives the reflected signal is divided into the first period and the second period. Second period.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6B , the processing unit 62 controls the piezoelectric material layer 641 of the first ultrasonic probe 64 to emit the first sensing signal S1 (as shown in FIG. 6B ) along the radial direction of the pipeline 600 (the Y-axis direction in FIG. 6B ). 6B) and receives the first reflection signal, where the first reflection signal includes the reflection signal R1 at the interface between the acoustic resistance matching layer 642 and the ultrasonic coupling layer 67, the ultrasonic coupling layer 67 and the outside of the pipeline 600 The reflection signal R2 of the interface of the surface, the reflection signal R3 of the interface between the first inner surface 600a of the pipeline and the fluid in the pipeline, the reflection signal R4 of the interface between the fluid in the pipeline and the second inner surface 600b of the pipeline, and the reflection signal R4 of the outside of the pipeline 600 The reflection signal R5 at the interface between the surface and the ambient air (shown by the dotted arrow mark in Figure 6B).

As shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C , if the processing unit 62 determines that the peak value of the continuous waveform signal in the first period is greater than the minimum threshold value Rmin1 of the reflection signal in the first period and the peak value of the continuous waveform signal in the second period is greater than the minimum threshold value Rmin2 of the reflection signal in the second period, , then analyze the first peak and second peak of the two groups of continuous waveform signals in the first period and the third peak and fourth peak appearance time point of the continuous waveform signal in the second period, respectively defining the first ultrasonic probe to emit the first sense The time point of measuring signal S1 is T0, the time point when the first peak to the fourth peak appears is reflection signal R1, the reception time point T1 of R2, the reception time point T2 of reflection signal R3, the reception time point T3 of reflection signal R4, the reflection signal The first sensing signal S1 and the first reflection signal are generated in the radial round-trip pipeline 600 based on the receiving time point T4 of R5 and the time point T5 of finishing receiving the reflected signal, according to the receiving time point T2 of the reflected signal R3 and the receiving time point T3 of the reflected signal R4. The flight time of the inner diameter (T3-T2) is based on the inner diameter of the pipe name that conforms to the outer diameter measurement data and pipe thickness measurement data and the flight time of the ultrasonic signal radially to and from the inner diameter of the pipe (T3-T2) The measured fluid sound velocity Vf1 is generated (Vf1=2*inner diameter/(T3-T2)); the processing unit 62 can store the flight time threshold Tth and the measured fluid sound velocity Vf1 in the memory unit 61 to improve the efficiency of calculating the flow rate.

It is worth mentioning that since the separation between the reflection signal R4 and the reflection signal R5 in time sequence is more obvious than the separation between the reflection signals R1, R2 and the reflection signal R3, the processing unit 62 can use the first sensing signal S1 and the first reflection signal. The pipe thickness measurement data (pipe thickness d=preset pipe sound velocity Vp*(T4-T3)/2) is calculated based on the round-trip radial flight time (T4-T3) of the signal relative to the pipe wall of the first ultrasonic probe 64. Generate pipe names that match the outer diameter measurement data and pipe thickness measurement data.

Then, as shown in FIG. 6A , the processing unit 62 controls the second ultrasonic probe 65 to emit the second sensing signal obliquely (between the radial direction and the axial direction) of the pipeline 600 , and the third ultrasonic probe 66 receives the second sensing signal from the pipeline 600 . The inner surface 600b reflects the second reflection signal of the second sensing signal, the third ultrasonic probe 66 emits the third sensing signal obliquely toward the pipeline 600, and the second ultrasonic probe 65 receives the second reflection signal reflected from the second inner surface 600b of the pipeline. The third reflection signal of the three sensing signals; the processing unit 62 presets the angle Θ between the propagation direction of the fluid in the pipeline 600 and the radial direction of the pipeline 600 between the second sensing signal and the third sensing signal, and calculates the second sensing signal The difference between the downstream flight time from the signal to the second reflected signal and the upstream flight time from the third sensing signal to the third reflected signal and the downstream flight time is based on the flight path length of the second sensing signal and the third sensing signal (flight path Length = 2*pipe inner diameter/cos Θ), forward and reverse flow flight time difference and the measured fluid sound speed Vf1 to generate the flow rate of the fluid (fluid flow rate = measured fluid sound speed Vf1 ² *forward and counterflow flight time difference/2*flight path length*sin Θ) , the radial cross-sectional area of the pipe 600 is generated based on the inner diameter of the pipe 600, and the flow rate of the fluid in the pipe 600 is generated based on the radial cross-sectional area of the pipe 600 and the flow rate of the fluid (fluid flow rate = fluid flow rate * pipe directional cross-sectional area) ; The communication interface 63 outputs (displays on the display) the flow rate and flow rate of the fluid in the pipeline 600 .

By using the memory unit 61 to store the pipeline names, their sorting and specifications, and the processing unit 62 to automatically determine the pipeline names and specifications, generate the pipeline inner diameter and measured fluid sound velocity and other technical means, the user can easily install the flow meter of the present invention. It is necessary to input parameters such as pipeline thickness, pipeline inner diameter, and fluid type to measure flow, which greatly reduces the technical threshold for setting up and operating the flow meter and improves the efficiency and accuracy of measuring flow. Moreover, the flow meter of the present invention has The function of self-judgment and notification of abnormal status of flow meters and pipelines effectively avoids measurement errors and monitoring gaps. It is worth noting that the arrangement and number of ultrasonic probes for measuring flow are not limited to the V-shaped arrangement shown in Figure 6A. The current flow measurement methods of ultrasonic probes arranged in Z-shape, N-shape and W-shape are all applicable to this method. Technical content of the flowmeter invented.

The flowmeter of the present invention can be combined with any of the above-mentioned outer diameter measuring units. Figures 7A, 7B and 7C illustrate other embodiments of the flowmeter of the present invention. 7A is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the transit flow meter of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7A , the flow meter 7 includes: a clamp 70 detachably fixed on the outer surface of the pipeline 700 , a memory unit 71 installed in the clamp 70 , a processing unit 72 , a communication interface 73 , and an outer diameter measuring unit 74 , the first ultrasonic probe 75, the second ultrasonic probe 76, the plurality of ultrasonic coupling layers 77 and the power unit (not shown) processing unit 72 are respectively connected to the memory unit 71, the communication interface 73, the outer diameter measurement unit 74, and the An ultrasonic probe 75 and a second ultrasonic probe 76. The ultrasonic coupling layer 77 is respectively sandwiched between the first ultrasonic probe 75, the second ultrasonic probe 76 and the outer surface of the pipeline 700. The memory unit 71 stores a plurality of reference pipelines. The outer diameter value, the inner diameter of the pipe corresponding to the reference pipe outer diameter value, and the preset fluid sound velocity.

After the flow meter 7 is installed on the outer surface of the pipeline 700, the user turns on the flow meter 7, and the outer diameter measuring unit 74 can automatically measure the curvature or outer diameter of the pipeline to generate outer diameter measurement data; the processing unit 72 Receive the outer diameter measurement data generated by the outer diameter measurement unit 74, compare the outer diameter measurement data with the reference pipe outer diameter value, and select the pipe inner diameter corresponding to the reference pipe outer diameter value that is the same as the outer diameter measurement data. , generate the pipeline directional cross-sectional area based on the pipeline inner diameter corresponding to the outer diameter measurement data (pipeline directional cross-sectional area = π*pipeline inner diameter 2), and control the first ultrasonic probe 75 to be oriented obliquely along the pipeline 700 (between the radial direction and the axial direction) emit a first sensing signal, and control the second ultrasonic probe 76 to receive the first sensing signal reflected by the inner surface 700b of the pipeline relative to the first ultrasonic probe 75 and the second ultrasonic probe 76 The second reflection signal controls the second ultrasonic probe 76 to emit the second sensing signal obliquely toward the pipeline 700, and controls the first ultrasonic probe 75 to receive the second reflection signal from the inner surface 700b of the pipeline reflecting the second sensing signal. ; The processing unit 72 presets the angle Θ between the propagation direction of the fluid in the pipeline 700 and the radial direction of the pipeline 700 for the first sensing signal and the second sensing signal, and calculates the first sensing signal to the first reflection signal and the second sensing signal. The flight time difference between the sensing signal and the second reflected signal passes through the pipeline fluid, and the flight path length is generated based on the pipeline inner diameter and angle Θ corresponding to the outer diameter measurement data (flight path length = 2*pipe inner diameter/cos Θ), based on the flight time difference, flight path length and the flow rate of the fluid generated by the preset fluid sound speed (fluid flow rate = preset fluid sound speed * forward and reverse flow flight time difference / 2 * flight path length * sin Θ), based on the fluid flow rate and pipe path The flow rate of the fluid in the pipeline 700 is generated to the cross-sectional area (fluid flow rate = fluid flow rate * pipeline cross-sectional area); the communication interface 73 outputs (displayed on a display) the flow rate and/or flow rate of the fluid in the pipeline 700 .

In this embodiment, the technician uses the processing unit 72 to input all the reference pipeline outer diameter values into the pipeline outer diameter value probability function according to the above method to generate the coincidence probability of all pipeline names corresponding to the reference pipeline outer diameter value. Select only the inner diameter of the pipeline that matches the pipeline name with the highest probability (calculation formula: pipeline inner diameter = reference pipeline outer diameter value-2*pipe wall thickness of the pipeline specification) or all the pipelines that match the probability higher than the probability threshold The average value of the pipeline inner diameter of the pipeline name is stored in the memory unit 71 corresponding to the reference pipeline outer diameter value, without storing functions and parameters such as pipeline name, outer diameter value probability function, pipeline name sorting, coincidence probability, etc. The data storage capacity of the memory unit 71 can be saved, and the efficiency of the processing unit 72 in calculating the fluid flow rate and fluid flow rate in the pipeline can be improved. The memory unit 71 stores the inner diameter of the pipe corresponding to the reference pipe outer diameter value, as shown in Table 6. Table 6 Reference pipe outer diameter value (mm) Pipe inner diameter (mm) storage address 48.1 40.7 0x0200 48.2 40.84 0x0500 48.3 40.94 0x0500 If the processing unit 72 does not find a pipeline inner diameter that matches the outer diameter measurement data, the processing unit 72 generates a notification page for adding a new pipeline internal diameter, and the communication interface 73 outputs a notification page to prompt the user to add a new pipeline internal diameter; After the user inputs the newly added inner diameter of the pipeline through the communication interface 73 or the input unit, the processing unit 72 rewrites the outer diameter measurement data into the newly added reference pipeline outer diameter value, and converts the newly added reference pipeline outer diameter into The diameter value corresponding to the newly added inner diameter of the pipeline is stored in the memory unit 71 .

Figure 7B is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the Doppler flowmeter of the present invention. As shown in Figure 7B, the flow meter 7' includes: a clamp 70 detachably fixed on the outer surface of the pipeline 700, a memory unit 71 installed in the clamp 70, a processing unit 72, a communication interface 73, and an outer diameter measuring unit. 74. Ultrasonic probe 75', ultrasonic coupling layer 77 and power unit (not shown). The processing unit 72 is respectively connected to the memory unit 71, communication interface 73, outer diameter measurement unit 74 and ultrasonic probe 75'. Ultrasonic The coupling layer 77 is sandwiched between the ultrasonic probe 75' and the outer surface of the pipeline 700. The memory unit 71 stores a plurality of reference pipeline outer diameter values, the pipeline inner diameter corresponding to the reference pipeline outer diameter value and the preset fluid sound velocity.

Solid particles or bubbles (impurities) in the liquid in the pipeline will scatter ultrasonic signals, so the time-difference ultrasonic flowmeter is not suitable for measuring the flow rate and flow rate of liquids containing a certain proportion of impurities. Doppler ultrasonic flow meters use the frequency or phase difference between the ultrasonic signal reflected by fluid impurities and the original sensing signal to calculate the moving speed of the impurities, thereby generating the fluid flow rate and flow rate. In this embodiment, the processing unit 72 receives the outer diameter measurement data generated by the outer diameter measurement unit 74, compares the outer diameter measurement data with the reference pipe outer diameter value, and selects the reference pipe corresponding to the same outer diameter measurement data. The outer diameter value is the inner diameter of the pipe. After generating the directional cross-sectional area of the pipe based on the inner diameter of the pipe corresponding to the outer diameter measurement data, the ultrasonic probe 75' is controlled to move obliquely toward the pipe 700 (between the radial direction and the axial direction). Transmit sensing signals and receive reflection signals of the sensing signals reflected by fluid impurities in the pipeline 700; the processing unit 72 presets the angle Φ between the propagation direction of the fluid in the pipeline 700 and the pipeline axis, and analyzes the sensing signals. The frequency ft and the frequency fr of the reflected signal generate the flow rate of the fluid in the pipeline based on the preset fluid sound velocity, the frequency difference (fr-ft) of the sensing signal and the reflected signal (fr-ft) and the angle Φ (fluid flow rate = preset fluid sound velocity*( fr-ft)/(2*ft*cos Φ), the flow rate of the fluid in the pipeline is generated based on the directional cross-sectional area of the pipeline and the fluid flow rate.

Figure 7C is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the Doppler flowmeter of the present invention. As shown in Figure 7C, the flow meter 7" includes: a clamp 70 detachably fixed on the outer surface of the pipeline 700, a memory unit 71 installed in the clamp 70, a processing unit 72, a communication interface 73, and an outer diameter measuring unit. 74. The first ultrasonic probe 75", the second ultrasonic probe 76", the plurality of ultrasonic coupling layers 77 and the power unit (not shown) processing unit 72 are respectively connected to the memory unit 71, the communication interface 73, and the outer diameter measurement unit. 74 and the first ultrasonic probe 75", the ultrasonic coupling layer 77 is respectively sandwiched between the first ultrasonic probe 75", the second ultrasonic probe 76" and the outer surface of the pipeline 700. The memory unit 71 stores a plurality of reference pipeline surfaces. diameter value and the inner diameter of the pipe corresponding to the reference pipe outer diameter value.

In this embodiment, the processing unit 72 receives the outer diameter measurement data generated by the outer diameter measurement unit 74, compares the outer diameter measurement data with the reference pipe outer diameter value, and selects the reference outer diameter corresponding to the same outer diameter measurement data. The value of the inner diameter of the pipeline is used to generate the directional cross-sectional area of the pipeline based on the inner diameter of the corresponding outer diameter measurement data, and the first ultrasonic probe 75" is controlled to transmit the first sensing signal along the radial direction of the pipeline 700 and receive the first sensing signal. A reflected signal generates a first sensing signal based on the transmitting time point of the first sensing signal and a receiving time point of the first reflected signal, and the flight time of the first reflected signal radially to and from the inner diameter of the pipeline 700 is based on the corresponding outer diameter amount. The measured data of the pipeline inner diameter and the radial flight time of the ultrasonic signal to and from the pipeline inner diameter generate the measured fluid sound velocity (the steps of the processing unit 72 to generate the measured fluid sound velocity are as shown in the above embodiment and Figures 6B and 6C), and control the second The two ultrasonic probes 76" emit sensing signals in an oblique direction (between the radial direction and the axial direction) of the pipeline 700 and receive the reflection signal of the sensing signal reflected by the fluid impurities in the pipeline 700; the processing unit 72 presets the sensing signal at The angle Φ between the propagation direction of the fluid in the pipeline 700 and the axial direction of the pipeline is used to analyze the frequency ft of the second sensing signal and the frequency fr of the second reflection signal, based on the measured fluid sound velocity, the second sensing signal and the second reflection signal. The frequency difference (fr-ft) and included angle generate the flow rate of the fluid in the pipeline (fluid flow rate = measured fluid sound speed*(fr-ft)/(2*ft*cos Φ), which is generated based on the directional cross-sectional area of the pipeline and the fluid flow rate The flow rate of fluid in the pipeline. The outer diameter measuring unit can automatically measure the outer diameter of the pipeline. The user does not need to input parameters such as the outer diameter of the pipeline and the inner diameter of the pipeline when installing the flow meter of the present invention. The flow rate can be measured, further reducing the technical threshold for setting up and operating various flow meters, and improving the efficiency and accuracy of measuring flow rate.

The pipeline judgment device of the present invention can be installed on a remote computer device that monitors multiple pipelines through the network to construct a pipeline monitoring system based on the Internet of Things. Figure 8 is a block diagram of the pipeline monitoring system of the present invention. As shown in Figure 8, the pipeline monitoring system 8 includes a pipeline judgment device 81 and a terminal device 82. The pipeline judgment device 81 includes a memory unit 811, a processing unit 812, and a communication interface 813. The memory unit 811 stores a plurality of pipes. The pipeline name and the pipeline outer diameter value probability function established based on the reference outer diameter and outer diameter tolerance of the pipeline name; the processing unit 812 is connected to the memory unit 811 and the communication interface 813; the communication interface 813 is connected to the terminal device 82 via the network 800. The processing unit 812 receives the outer diameter measurement data of the pipeline from the terminal device 82 or the user, and inputs the outer diameter measurement data of the pipeline into the pipeline outer diameter value probability function to generate the coincidence probability of each pipeline name. According to the probability of each pipeline name, Sort all or part of the pipeline names from high to low probability of matching, and generate at least one pipeline name that matches the outer diameter measurement data based on the sorted pipeline names; the communication interface 813 outputs a pipeline name that matches the outer diameter measurement data. .

In this embodiment, the pipeline judgment device 81 is installed on a server of a regional or wireless network. The memory unit 811 is the hard disk of the server. The processing unit 812 is the central processor of the server. The communication interface 813 includes a device capable of receiving/transmitting The data communication circuit and the terminal device 82 include but are not limited to existing ultrasonic probes and flow meters that can be installed in the pipeline, and the user's computer. The pipeline names and pipeline specifications stored in the memory unit 811, and the pipeline outer diameter value probability functions corresponding to each pipeline name can be found in Tables 1 and 2 and the description above, where the probability function of each pipeline outer diameter value is selected from the normal distribution. function, one or more of the truncated normal distribution function, the truncated skewed distribution function, the Boisson distribution function, the skewed distribution function, the uniform distribution function, the triangular distribution function and the U-shaped distribution function, or a combination thereof. The distribution range of the outer diameter and thickness of the pipes manufactured by various pipe manufacturers according to the pipe specifications of different national standards may be normal distribution, uniform distribution or unilateral distribution, for example: the outer diameter and pipe thickness of CNS pipes The distribution is closer to a normal distribution. The outer diameter and thickness distribution of ASTM pipelines is closer to a uniform distribution. The outer diameter and thickness of DIN pipelines are closer to a single partial distribution. Therefore, the memory unit 811 stores the distribution of the outer diameter and thickness of the pipes corresponding to different pipeline names. The probability functions of the pipeline outer diameter values may be the same or different. The processing unit 812 receives the outer diameter measurement data, compares the outer diameter measurement data with the effective outer diameter range of the pipeline name to generate an alternative pipeline, and converts the outer diameter measurement data to The probability function of inputting the outer diameter value of the candidate pipeline to the average value and standard deviation of the candidate pipeline generates the coincidence probability of the candidate pipeline. According to the coincidence probability of the candidate pipeline, from high to low, the name of the pipeline that matches the external diameter measurement data is generated. The calculation process is as described in the first embodiment using a single reference pipe outer diameter value to calculate the pipeline name coincidence probability.

The processing unit 812 can generate all pipeline names that match the outer diameter measurement data and output them to the user through the communication interface 813. If the pipeline names and pipeline specifications that match the outer diameter measurement data are directly used by the terminal device 82 , the user can preset probability thresholds (for example: 0.01, 0.05, 0.1) in the processing unit 812. The processing unit 812 inputs the outer diameter measurement data into the probability function of the outer diameter value of each pipeline to obtain the matching probability of each pipeline name, and eliminates The pipeline name's matching probability is less than the pipeline name of the probability threshold, and then the pipeline name matching probability is greater than the probability threshold; or the processing unit 812 only selects the pipeline name whose pipeline name matches the probability ranking first and its pipeline name. The communication interface 813 outputs the pipeline name and its pipeline specifications to the terminal device 82 via the network 800 for full-time measurement and real-time monitoring.

Specific regions or specific industries will use specific specifications and pipe specifications of specific materials. In terms of region: ASTM pipes are more commonly used in the United States, and CNS pipes are more commonly used in Taiwan; in terms of industry: the semiconductor industry is more commonly used. ASTM pipes and plastic pipes, seamless steel pipes are commonly used in the food industry. In order to further improve the efficiency and accuracy of judging pipeline specifications and monitoring pipelines, the memory unit 811 can store pipeline usage data and weighting factor conversion tables, and the probability function of the outer diameter value of each pipeline includes a weighting factor. When the user passes The communication interface 813 inputs the pipeline usage data (use area, usage industry, etc.), and the processing unit 812 searches for the weight factor corresponding to the pipeline usage data according to the pipeline usage data and weight factor conversion table, and adjusts the probability function of the pipeline outer diameter value. The weighting factor then inputs the pipe outer diameter measurement data into the adjusted pipe outer diameter value probability function to generate pipe names that meet the probability and pipe names that conform to the outer diameter measurement data, their sorting and specifications, communication interface 813 The pipe names, their ordering and specifications that match the outer diameter measurement data are transmitted to the terminal device 82 in need.

As mentioned above, in the pipeline judging device of the present invention, a probability function of the outer diameter value of the pipeline is constructed based on the reference outer diameter and the outer diameter tolerance of various pipeline names and the reference outer diameter value is calculated to compare the outer diameter value of each pipeline To match the probability of the probability function, the memory unit stores various pipeline names and the order of pipeline names corresponding to the reference outer diameter value. The processing unit compares the outer diameter measurement data with the reference outer diameter value to generate a pipeline that conforms to the outer diameter measurement data. Name, the communication interface outputs the pipeline name that conforms to the outer diameter measurement data, effectively solving the problem of users finding and testing pipeline specifications; the pipeline judgment device of the present invention further combines outer diameter measurement, ultrasonic probe, and resistance measurement , hardness measurement and other components that can automatically measure pipe outer diameter, pipe thickness, pipe material properties and pipeline flow rate. Users do not need to measure and input parameters such as outer diameter and pipe thickness. The processing unit can generate more accurate The name of the pipeline and its specifications are related to the pipeline flow rate and the self-judgment device and pipeline abnormality status, which greatly reduces the technical threshold for setting and operating the external buckle device and improves the efficiency and accuracy of measuring flow; combined with the pipeline judgment device of the present invention And terminal devices can build a pipeline monitoring system based on the Internet of Things, which can effectively avoid measurement and input errors and monitoring gaps, and achieve the goals of full-time measurement and real-time monitoring.

The above embodiments only illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in this field can modify, combine and change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications, combinations or changes made by those with professional knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical principles disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the patent application scope of the present invention.

1,2,3,4,5,81: Pipeline judgment device 6,7,7’,7”: flow meter 8: Pipeline monitoring system 11,51,61,71,811: Memory unit 12,52,62,72,812: Processing unit 13,53,63,73,813: Communication interface 20,30,40: Shell 21,31,41:Buckle 22,32,42,74:Outer diameter measuring unit 54,75’: Ultrasonic probe 55,67,77: Ultrasonic coupling layer 60,70: Clamp 64,75,75”: The first ultrasonic probe 65,76,76”: Second ultrasonic probe 66: The third ultrasonic probe 82:Terminal device 200,200’, 300,300’,400,400’,500,600,700:pipeline 211,311,411: Bearing platform 212,312,412: fixed base 213,313,413:U-shaped screws 221,321,421:Clamp 221a: Shaft 221b: Inverted V-shaped side wall 221c: Induction block 222:Block 223:Spring 224:Linear displacement sensor 322:Angle displacement sensor 411a: Flange 421a: L-shaped base 421b: Support arm 421c: Adjustment screw 421d: Optical scale 422: Optical displacement sensor 500a, 500b, 700b: inner surface of pipeline 501: Pipe wall 541,641: Piezoelectric material layer 542,642: Acoustic resistance matching layer 600a: First inner surface of pipeline 600b: Second inner surface of pipeline 800:Internet C: center of circle L: distance O: vertex P: oblique tangent point Q:Vertical tangent point r:radius R1, R2, R3, R4, R5: reflected signal Rmin: minimum threshold of ultrasonic reflection signal Rmax: maximum threshold of ultrasonic reflection signal Rmin1: minimum threshold of reflected signal in the first period Rmin2: minimum threshold of reflected signal in the second period S: sensing signal S1: first sensing signal T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5: time points Tth: flight time threshold Θ, Φ: included angle

Figure 1 is a block diagram of the first embodiment of the pipeline judging device of the present invention; Figure 2A is a perspective view of the second embodiment of the pipeline judgment device of the present invention, and Figure 2B is a cross-sectional view of the pipeline judgment device shown in Figure 2A along the section I-I'; Figure 3A is a perspective view of the third embodiment of the pipeline judging device of the present invention, and Figure 3B is a cross-sectional view of the pipeline judging device shown in Figure 3A along the pipeline path; Figure 4A is a perspective view of the fourth embodiment of the pipeline judging device of the present invention, and Figure 4B is an I-I' cross-sectional view of the pipeline judging device shown in Figure 4A; Figure 5A is a cross-sectional view along the pipeline axis of the fifth embodiment of the pipeline judgment device of the present invention. Figure 5B is a signal diagram of the pipe thickness measurement signal of the pipeline judgment device shown in Figure 5A; Figure 6A is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the transit flow meter of the present invention; Figure 6B is a cross-sectional schematic view of the first ultrasonic probe of the flow meter shown in Figure 6A; Figure 6C is a first ultrasonic probe of the flow meter shown in Figure 6B Transmitting and receiving signal diagrams of the probe; FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the transit flow meter of the present invention. FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the Doppler flow meter of the present invention. FIG. 7C is a cross-sectional view of the Doppler flow meter of the present invention. A cross-sectional view of another embodiment; and Figure 8 is a block diagram of the pipeline monitoring system of the present invention.

1: Pipeline judgment device

11: Memory unit

12: Processing unit

13: Communication interface

Claims (9)

A pipeline judgment device includes: a memory unit that stores multiple pipeline names, multiple reference pipeline outer diameter values, and the sorting of the pipeline names corresponding to the reference pipeline outer diameter values, wherein the sorting of the pipeline names is based on The reference outer diameter values are respectively input into the coincidence probability obtained by the outer diameter value probability function established based on the basic outer diameter and outer diameter tolerance of the pipe names. The corresponding reference pipe outer diameter value is calculated according to the coincidence probability. The names of the pipelines are sorted from high to low; the processing unit is connected to the memory unit, receives the pipeline outer diameter measurement data, compares the outer diameter measurement data with the reference pipeline outer diameter values, and selects the corresponding Sorting of the pipeline names corresponding to the reference external diameter value that is the same as the external diameter measurement data generates at least one The name of the pipeline that matches the outer diameter measurement data; and a communication interface connected to the processing unit to output the name of the pipeline that matches the outer diameter measurement data; if the processing unit compares the outer diameter measurement data with the If the results of the reference pipe outer diameter values are all different, the processing unit generates a notification message for adding a new pipeline name; the communication interface outputs the notification message to prompt the user to add a new pipeline name. The pipeline judgment device of claim 1, wherein the probability function of the outer diameter value is selected from a normal distribution function, a truncated normal distribution function, a uniform distribution function, a truncated skew distribution function, a Boisson distribution function, and a skew distribution function. One or more of the triangular distribution function and the U-shaped distribution function, or a combination thereof. The pipeline judging device of claim 1, wherein the processing unit retrieves the pipeline name ranked first among the pipeline names corresponding to the reference pipeline external diameter value that is the same as the external diameter measurement data and generates a corresponding The name of the pipeline for the outer diameter measurement data. The pipeline judging device of claim 1, wherein the memory unit further stores specification data of the pipeline names, and the communication interface outputs the pipeline name and the specification data that conform to the outer diameter measurement data. The pipeline judging device of claim 4, wherein the specification data includes the thickness of the pipe wall, the error range of the pipe wall thickness, and the pipe material. A pipeline judgment device, including: a memory unit that stores multiple pipeline names and establishes an outer diameter value probability function based on the reference outer diameter and outer diameter tolerance of the pipeline names; a processing unit that is connected to the memory unit and presets the probability Threshold, receive the pipe outer diameter measurement data, input the outer diameter measurement data into the outer diameter value probability function to generate the coincidence probability of the pipeline names, exclude the pipeline names whose coincidence probability is less than the probability threshold, and use the The pipeline names whose coincidence probability is greater than the probability threshold are sorted from high to low, and at least one pipeline name that matches the outer diameter measurement data is generated based on the sorted pipeline names; and a communication interface , connect to the processing unit, and output the name of the pipeline that matches the outer diameter measurement data. The pipeline judgment device of claim 6, wherein the probability function of the outer diameter value is selected from a normal distribution function, a truncated normal distribution function, a uniform distribution function, a truncated skew distribution function, a Boisson distribution function, and a skew distribution function. One or more of the triangular distribution function and the U-shaped distribution function, or a combination thereof. The pipeline judgment device of claim 6, wherein the memory unit stores pipeline usage data and a weighting factor conversion table, and the outer diameter value probability function includes a weighting factor. When the communication interface receives the pipeline usage data input by the user , the processing unit searches for the weight factor corresponding to the pipeline usage data based on the weight factor conversion table, adjusts the weight factor of the probability function of the outer diameter value, and then inputs the outer diameter measurement data into the outer diameter after adjusting the weight factor. The diameter value probability function generates the matching probabilities of the pipeline names and the pipeline names that match the outer diameter measurement data. The pipeline judging device of claim 8, wherein the pipeline usage data includes usage area and usage industry.

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