TWI881484B - Garbage and waste gasification incineration system - Google Patents

Abstract

A garbage and waste gasification incineration system includes a gasification furnace, a feeding device connected to the gasification furnace and suitable for conveying a material into the gasification furnace, and an air distribution device connected to the gasification furnace. The air distribution device includes an air distribution member suitable for blocking the material, and a plurality of hoods connected to the air distribution member and suitable for conveying external gas into the gasification furnace. Each of the hoods has a central tube extending along the up-down direction and suitable for introducing gas, and at least one outlet pipe connected to the central tube and suitable for conducting gas out, and the at least one outlet pipe and the central tube form a first angle of less than 90 degrees. Thus, the at least one inclined air outlet pipe can prevent the gas from blowing directly toward the adjacent hoods, thereby increasing the service life of the hoods.

Description

Garbage and waste gasification incineration system

The present invention relates to an incineration system, and more particularly to a garbage and waste gasification incineration system.

Referring to FIG. 1 , a known incinerator 1 disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN107327850B comprises a furnace 11 suitable for burning a material (not shown), and an air distribution device 12 connected to the furnace 11. The air distribution device 12 comprises an air distribution member 121 defining an air chamber 120 and suitable for blocking the material, and a plurality of air caps 122 connected to the air distribution member 121. The air chamber 120 is suitable for introducing external gas. Each of the air caps 122 is in an inverted L shape, and is suitable for guiding the gas in the air chamber 120 into the furnace 11. Thereby, when the material is burned, the gas introduced by the air distribution device 12 forms a violent turbulent airflow, which can not only improve the combustion efficiency, but also make the part of the fly ash that is completely burned go upward along with the airflow.

However, since the air outlets of most of the hoods 122 face the adjacent hoods 122 , when a strong airflow continuously blows toward the corresponding hoods 122 , not only will the wear of the hoods 122 increase, but also the service life of the hoods 122 will be shortened.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a garbage and waste gasification incineration system that can reduce losses and increase service life.

Therefore, the garbage and waste gasification incineration system of the present invention is suitable for burning a material to generate high-temperature flue gas, including a gasification combustion furnace, a feeding device, and an air distribution device.

The gasification combustion furnace defines a gasification chamber at a lower side and a combustion chamber at an upper side along a vertical direction.

The feeding device is connected to the gasification furnace and is suitable for conveying the material into the gasification chamber.

The air distribution device is connected to the gasification combustion furnace, and includes an air distribution member that defines the gasification chamber together with the gasification combustion furnace and is suitable for blocking the material, and a plurality of wind hoods connected to the air distribution member and are suitable for transmitting external gas into the gasification chamber. Each of the wind hoods has a central tube extending along the up-down direction and suitable for introducing gas, and at least one air outlet pipe connected to the central tube and suitable for conducting gas out. The at least one air outlet pipe and the central tube form a first angle, and the first angle is less than 90 degrees.

The effect of the present invention is that the at least one inclined air outlet pipe is used to prevent gas from blowing directly toward adjacent hoods, thereby reducing the wear and tear of the hoods and increasing the service life of the hoods.

Referring to Figures 2, 3 and 4, an embodiment of the garbage and waste gasification and incineration system of the present invention is suitable for burning a material (not shown) to produce high-temperature flue gas. The material can be garbage or waste. The waste includes but is not limited to industrial waste, agricultural waste, agricultural surplus resources, and domestic waste. The garbage and waste gasification and incineration system includes a gasification combustion furnace 2, a feeding device 3, an air distribution device 4, a gas-solid separation device 5, and a waste heat utilization device 6.

The gasification combustion furnace 2 includes a furnace body 21 and a refractory unit 22. The furnace body 21 defines a gasification chamber 201 at the lower side and a combustion chamber 202 at the upper side along a vertical direction Z, and has a plurality of first air injection holes 211 suitable for introducing external gas and located between the gasification chamber 201 and the combustion chamber 202, and a plurality of second air injection holes 212 suitable for introducing external gas into the combustion chamber 202. The refractory unit 22 is made of refractory material, covers an inner surface of the furnace body 21, and defines the gasification chamber 201 together with the furnace body 21.

The feeding device 3 is connected to the gasification furnace 2 and is used to transport the material into the gasification chamber 201. The feeding device 3 includes a hopper unit 31 for inputting the material, an inner sleeve 32 connected to the hopper unit 31 and the gasification furnace 2 and defining a feeding space 320, an outer sleeve 33 surrounding the inner sleeve 32, and a pushing unit 34 installed on the inner sleeve 32.

The inner sleeve 32 has a plurality of air holes 321 connected to the feeding space 320. The feeding space 320 is suitable for receiving the material input by the hopper unit 31. The air holes 321 are suitable for guiding hot gas into the feeding space 320. In this embodiment, the hot gas is steam. It should be noted that the number of the air holes 321 is not limited to multiple, and in other variations of this embodiment, it can also be one.

The outer sleeve 33 defines a flow channel 331 for a cooling fluid (not shown) to flow. The cooling fluid can exchange heat with the inner sleeve 32.

The pushing unit 34 has a screw 341 rotatably inserted into the feeding space 320 and a motor 342 for driving the screw 341 to rotate. The screw 341 is suitable for conveying materials into the gasification chamber 201 during the rotation process.

The air distribution device 4 is connected to the furnace body 21 of the gasification combustion furnace 2, and includes an air distribution member 41 which defines the gasification chamber 201 together with the furnace body 21 and is suitable for blocking the material, and a plurality of hoods 42 connected to the air distribution member 41.

The air distribution member 41 defines an air chamber 410 suitable for introducing external gas.

The hoods 42 are used to transfer the gas in the air chamber 410 into the gasification chamber 201. In this embodiment, each hood 42 has a central tube 421 extending along the up-down direction Z and used to introduce gas, and an outlet pipe 422 connected to the central tube 421 and used to guide gas out. The outlet pipe 422 and the central tube 421 form a first angle θ1. The first angle θ1 is less than 90 degrees, preferably, the first angle θ1 is between 85 degrees and 70 degrees.

It should be noted that the number of the air outlet pipe 422 of each hood 42 is not limited to only one. In other variations of the present embodiment, each hood 42 may also have two air outlet pipes 422 as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6. The air outlet pipes 422 are arranged at a second angle θ2. The second angle θ2 is between 60 degrees and 120 degrees.

The gas-solid separation device 5 is connected to the furnace body 21 of the gasification combustion furnace 2, and includes a cyclone separator 51 connected to the gasification chamber 201, and a return unit 52 located at the lower side of the cyclone separator 51 along the up-down direction Z and connected to the cyclone separator 51 and the combustion chamber 202. When the material is burned in the furnace body 21 and high-temperature flue gas is generated, the high-temperature flue gas will flow upward and enter the cyclone separator 51. Thereby, under the action of centrifugal force, the combustion ash in the high-temperature flue gas will be separated from the gas and flow back to the furnace body 21 through the return unit 52.

The waste heat utilization device 6 is connected to the gas-solid separation device 5, and includes an isolation cylinder 61 connected to an upper side of the cyclone separator 51 along the up-down direction Z and defining a heat exchange space 610, an economizer 62 installed on the isolation cylinder 61, and an air preheater 63 installed on the isolation cylinder 61. In the process of the high-temperature flue gas flowing, the high-temperature gas separated from the ash will pass through the economizer 62 and the air preheater 63 in sequence, which can not only reduce the temperature of the gas through heat exchange, but also recover the waste heat of the high-temperature flue gas for other heating purposes.

It is worth noting that the gas-solid separation device 5 and the waste heat utilization device 6 are already known in the prior art and are not the technical features of this case. Since a person with ordinary knowledge in this field can infer the expanded details based on the above description, no further explanation is given.

2 and 3 , when the material enters the feeding space 320 of the inner sleeve 32 from the hopper unit 31 and the motor 342 drives the screw 341 to rotate, the material will be pushed by the screw 341 and fall from the outlet of the feeding space 320 along the up-down direction Z toward the gasification chamber 201 . During the falling process of the material, the external gas will be sprayed into the combustion chamber 202 through the air outlet pipes 422 of the hoods 42, and into the gasification chamber 201 and the combustion chamber 202 through the first air injection holes 211 and the second air injection holes 212 at different tangential positions and different height positions, and form a turbulent airflow from bottom to top in the furnace body 21, and a swirling airflow surrounding the inner surface of the furnace body 21, so that the material falling from top to bottom is turned over by the turbulent airflow, scattered in the combustion chamber 202, and swirled down along the inner surface of the furnace body 21 along with the swirling airflow swirling in the furnace. Thereby, the time that the material stays in the air and contacts the furnace body 21 is prolonged, so that most of the material is burned before falling.

Importantly, when the screw 341 pushes the material into the combustion chamber 202, the air holes 321 guide the hot gas into the feed space 320, and the outer sleeve 33 exchanges heat with the inner sleeve 32 through the cooling fluid in the flow channel 331. In this way, the inner sleeve 32 can be prevented from generating high temperature due to heat radiation and heat conduction, and the probability of the material sticking into a lump in the feed space 320 is reduced. In addition, the hot gas helps to soften the material that has been stuck into a lump, so that the material can be smoothly disintegrated and dispersed after entering the combustion chamber 202.

Through the above description, the advantages of the above embodiments can be summarized as follows:

1. The outer sleeve 33 of the present invention can exchange heat with the inner sleeve 32 to prevent the inner sleeve 32 from generating high temperature due to heat radiation and heat conduction, thereby reducing the probability of the material sticking into a lump in the feeding space 320.

2. The present invention can also help soften the agglomerated materials by introducing hot gas into the inner sleeve 32, so that the materials can be smoothly disintegrated and dispersed after entering the combustion chamber 202, thereby improving the combustion efficiency.

3. In addition, since the air outlet pipe 422 of each hood 42 and the central tube 421 are sandwiched at the first angle θ1, the ejected gas can be prevented from directly blowing toward the air outlet pipe 422 of the adjacent hood 42, thereby reducing the wear of the air outlet pipes 422 and improving the service life of the hoods 42.

However, the above is only an example of the implementation of the present invention, and it should not be used to limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention. All simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the content of the patent specification are still within the scope of the patent of the present invention.

2: Gasification combustion furnace 201: Gasification chamber 202: Combustion chamber 21: Furnace body 211: First air jet hole 212: Second air jet hole 22: Refractory unit 3: Feeding device 31: Hopper unit 32: Inner sleeve 320: Feeding space 321: Air hole 33: Outer sleeve 331: Flow channel 34: Pushing unit 341: Screw rod 342: Motor 4: Air distribution device 41: Air distribution piece 410: Air chamber 42: Air cap 421: Center pipe 422: Air outlet pipe 5: Gas-solid separation device 51: Cyclone separator 52: Return unit 6: Waste heat utilization device 61: Isolation cylinder 610: Heat exchange space 62: Economizer 63: Air preheater Z: Up and down direction θ1: First angle θ2: Second angle

Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiments with reference to the drawings, wherein: FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram illustrating a known incinerator disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN107327850B; FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of the garbage and waste gasification incineration system of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a feeding device of the embodiment; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an air distribution device of the embodiment; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional diagram illustrating a change in a hood in the embodiment; and FIG. 6 is a top view of the hood shown in FIG. 5 .

2: Gasification combustion furnace

201: Gasification chamber

202: Combustion chamber

21: Furnace body

211: First air vent

212: Second air vent

22: Refractory unit

3: Feeding device

31: Hopper unit

33: Outer sleeve

34: Push unit

4: Air distribution device

41: Wind distribution parts

410: Wind room

42: Hood

5: Gas-solid separation device

51: Cyclone separator

52: Return material unit

6: Waste heat utilization device

61: Isolation tube

610: Hot exchange space

62: Media saver

63: Air preheater

Z: Up and down direction

Claims (6)

A garbage and waste gasification incineration system, suitable for burning a material to produce high-temperature flue gas, comprising: A gasification incinerator, defining a gasification chamber at the lower side and a combustion chamber at the upper side along an up-down direction; A feeding device, connected to the gasification incinerator, including a hopper unit suitable for inputting the material, an inner sleeve connected to the hopper unit and the gasification incinerator and defining a feeding space, an outer sleeve surrounding the inner sleeve, and a pushing unit installed on the inner sleeve, the feeding space is suitable for receiving the material input by the hopper unit, and the inner sleeve has at least one connecting to the feeding space and adjacent to the hopper. The unit has at least one air hole, the at least one air hole is suitable for guiding hot gas into the feed space, the outer sleeve defines a flow channel suitable for a cooling fluid to flow, the cooling fluid can exchange heat with the inner sleeve, the push unit has a screw rod rotatably inserted in the feed space, and a motor driving the screw rod to rotate, the screw rod is suitable for conveying materials into the gasification chamber during the rotation process; and An air distribution device is connected to the gasification combustion furnace and includes an air distribution member that defines the gasification chamber together with the gasification combustion furnace and is suitable for blocking the material, and a plurality of hoods connected to the air distribution member and suitable for transmitting external gas into the gasification chamber. Each of the hoods has a central tube extending along the up-down direction and suitable for introducing gas, and at least one outlet pipe connected to the central tube and suitable for conducting gas out. The at least one outlet pipe and the central tube form a first angle, and the first angle is less than 90 degrees. The garbage and waste gasification incineration system as described in claim 1, wherein the first angle is between 85 degrees and 70 degrees. As described in claim 1, the garbage and waste gasification incineration system, wherein each of the hoods has two air outlet pipes, and the air outlet pipes are provided with a second angle, and the second angle is between 60 degrees and 120 degrees. A garbage and waste gasification and incineration system as described in claim 1, wherein the gasification combustion furnace includes a furnace body and a refractory unit, wherein the furnace body defines the gasification chamber and the combustion chamber, and the refractory unit is made of refractory material, covers an inner surface of the furnace body and defines the gasification chamber together with the furnace body and the air distribution device. As described in claim 4, the garbage and waste gasification and incineration system, wherein the furnace body has a plurality of first air injection holes suitable for introducing external gas and located between the gasification chamber and the combustion chamber. As described in claim 5, the garbage and waste gasification incineration system, wherein the furnace body also has a plurality of second air injection holes suitable for introducing external gas into the combustion chamber.

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