TWI845411B - Architecture structure and architecture method - Google Patents

Abstract

The subject disclosure relates to an architecture structure and an architecture method. The architecture structure comprises a plurality of first molds and a supporting member. Each of the first molds has a first side and a second side opposing the first side, wherein the first molds are configured such that the first sides collectively define a plane substantially perpendicular to a ground. The support member includes a vertical post, a plurality of securing members disposed at intervals along the length of the vertical post and extending from a side of the vertical post, and an abutting member disposed adjacent to a top edge of the supporting member. The securing members are secured to the second side of the first molds, and the abutting member is configured to directly or indirectly support the second side of the first molds.

Description

Building structures and construction methods

The present disclosure relates to a building structure and a building method, and in particular to a building structure and a building method for cast concrete.

The process of building a reinforced concrete structure on a construction site involves multiple concrete pouring and curing processes. Before pouring concrete, it is necessary to set up formwork on the foundation or on the cured concrete base to provide and define the space to be poured. For example, to shape a beam, column or wall, multiple formworks are first connected and fixed to each other to form the shape of the reinforced concrete structure to be shaped, and then concrete is poured between the formworks. After the concrete between the formworks is cured to form a structure, the formworks are removed from the structure. For example, to form a concrete wall, the inner and outer surfaces of the concrete wall are shaped through an inner formwork set and an outer formwork set.

Metal formwork can be aluminum formwork. Aluminum formwork has the characteristics of light weight, high bearing capacity, easy installation, few joints, good stability, variable shape, smooth cast concrete, long service life, high recycling rate, etc. It can be reused about hundreds of times. In addition, the construction method of standardized formwork is simpler than that of wooden formwork, and new apprentices can also get started quickly, which helps to inject new blood into the formwork industry and improve the shortage of formwork masters. It has three advantages of economic benefits, site safety and solving the manpower gap. Therefore, aluminum formwork is gradually widely used in the industry. In a small number of locations where aluminum formwork cannot be used due to special shapes, plastic formwork or wooden formwork can be used in combination with aluminum formwork to form a formwork system.

However, due to the lateral pressure generated by the concrete's own weight and expansion during the curing process, the predetermined space defined by various templates will be deformed and expanded. Especially at the junction between the beam and the wall or the beam and the column to be formed, because the shape of the template combination is relatively irregular, it is easy to cause the template to move during the concrete pouring process due to the above factors.

Therefore, the industry has long been looking forward to providing a reliable building structure and method to help avoid the above technical problems.

In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a building structure, comprising: a plurality of first templates, each of the plurality of first templates having a first side and a second side opposite to the first side, wherein the plurality of first templates are configured so that the first sides collectively define a plane substantially perpendicular to a ground; and a supporting member, the supporting member comprising a vertical column, a plurality of fixing members arranged at intervals along the length direction of the vertical column and vertically protruding from one side of the vertical column, and a supporting member arranged at a top edge adjacent to the supporting member, wherein the plurality of fixing members are fixed to the second sides of the plurality of first templates, and the supporting member is configured to directly or indirectly support the second sides of the plurality of first templates.

In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a construction method, which includes: assembling a plurality of first templates so that a first side of the plurality of first templates jointly defines a plane substantially perpendicular to a ground; providing a supporting member, the supporting member comprising a vertical column, a plurality of fixing members extending vertically from a side of the vertical column, and a supporting member adjacent to a top edge of the supporting member; fixing the plurality of fixing members to a second side of the plurality of first templates opposite to the first side, and placing the supporting member directly or indirectly against the plurality of first templates.

10: Support parts

11: Vertical column

12: Fixing parts

13: Fasteners

14: Abutment

15: Hole

20: Longitudinal ribs

21: Transverse ribs

30: Reinforcement assembly

31: First reinforcement piece

32: Second reinforcement piece

33: Rod

34: Clamp

35: Connectors

40: Beam steel reinforcement cage

41: Wall reinforcement

45: Beam reinforcement

100: Template

100': External template set

100": Inner template set

102: Go up to the board

104: Right side panel

106: Left side panel

108: Lower the board

110: Middle board

112: Connection hole

200: Template

212: Connection hole

310: Connecting pull tab

320: Reinforcement

330: Casting area

340: Casting area

350: Casting area

1000:Building structure

2000: Building Structure

C: Concrete

P: plane

S1: First side

S2: Second side

The following embodiments, together with the accompanying drawings, will provide a better understanding of the present disclosure. It should be noted that, in accordance with standard industry practice, the various features are not drawn to scale. In fact, for the sake of clarity, the sizes of the various features may be arbitrarily enlarged or reduced.

Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a metal formwork for construction according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building structure without steel bars according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Figure 3 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional schematic diagram of a building structure of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG4 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a building structure before pouring concrete according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG5A is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a supporting member of a building structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG5B is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a support member and a template assembly of a building structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Figure 6A is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a building structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Figure 6B is a second schematic cross-sectional view of a building structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Figure 6C is a third schematic cross-sectional diagram of a building structure of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

The following disclosure provides a number of different embodiments or examples for implementing different features of the subject matter provided. Specific examples of components and configurations will be described below to simplify the disclosure. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to be limiting. For example, in the following description, "forming a first component above or on a second component" may include embodiments in which the first component and the second component are formed in direct contact, and may also include embodiments in which additional components may be formed between the first component and the second component so that the first component and the second component may not be in direct contact. In addition, the disclosure may repeat component symbols and/or letters in various examples. This repetition is intended for simplicity and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed.

In addition, for ease of description, spatially relative terms (such as "below", "beneath", "down", "above", "upper", "above" and the like) may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element or component to another element or components, as shown in the figures. In addition to the orientation depicted in the figures, spatially relative terms are also intended to cover different orientations of the device during use or operation. The device may be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptors used herein may also be interpreted accordingly.

As used herein, terms such as "first", "second", and "third" describe various elements, components, regions, layers, and/or sections, which should not be limited by these terms. These terms may only be used to distinguish elements, components, regions, layers, or sections from each other. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first", "second", and "third" used herein do not imply a sequence or order.

As used herein, the terms "substantially," "substantially," "essentially," and "about" are used to describe and explain small variations. When used in conjunction with an event or condition, the terms may relate to instances in which the event or condition occurred exactly as well as instances in which the event or condition occurred very approximately. For example, when used in conjunction with a numerical value, the terms may relate to a range of variation of less than or equal to ±10% of the numerical value, such as less than or equal to ±5%, less than or equal to ±4%, less than or equal to ±3%, less than or equal to ±2%, less than or equal to ±1%, less than or equal to ±0.5%, less than or equal to ±0.1%, or less than or equal to ±0.05%. For example, if the difference between two values is less than or equal to ±10% of a mean of the values (e.g., less than or equal to ±5%, less than or equal to ±4%, less than or equal to ±3%, less than or equal to ±2%, less than or equal to ±1%, less than or equal to ±0.5%, less than or equal to ±0.1%, or less than or equal to ±0.05%), then the values may be considered "substantially" the same or equal. For example, "substantially" parallelism may involve an angular variation of less than or equal to ±10° relative to 0°, such as less than or equal to ±5°, less than or equal to ±4°, less than or equal to ±3°, less than or equal to ±2°, less than or equal to ±1°, less than or equal to ±0.5°, less than or equal to ±0.1°, or less than or equal to ±0.05°. For example, "substantially" perpendicular may involve an angular variation of less than or equal to ±10° relative to 90°, such as less than or equal to ±5°, less than or equal to ±4°, less than or equal to ±3°, less than or equal to ±2°, less than or equal to ±1°, less than or equal to ±0.5°, less than or equal to ±0.1°, or less than or equal to ±0.05°.

Unless otherwise specified, the horizontal or vertical mentioned in this article is usually relative to the ground of the building site. For example, "horizontal direction" refers to the direction roughly parallel to the ground; "vertical direction" refers to the direction roughly perpendicular to the ground; "horizontal height" refers to the distance from the ground.

The "inside" and "outside" mentioned in this article only express their relative relationship, not their absolute position or any direction. For example, "inside formwork group" and "outside formwork group" only express the relative relationship between the two formwork groups in structure, not specifically indicating that the outside formwork group is the formwork group facing the outside of the building base or any other specific position.

The templates described in the present disclosure include wooden templates, plastic templates, and metal templates. Metal templates, such as aluminum templates, can be made by casting methods such as die casting, and plastic templates can be made by injection molding methods such as injection molding. Please refer to Figure 1, which shows a template 100 of an embodiment of the present disclosure. Template 100 is a molded template, which can be a metal template or a plastic template. The template 100 includes an upper plate 102, a lower plate 108, a left side plate 106, a right side plate 104 and a middle plate 110, wherein the periphery of the middle plate 110 is connected to one side of the upper plate 102, the lower plate 108, the left side plate 106 and the right side plate 104 respectively, and the length of the upper plate 102 and the lower plate 108 is greater than the length of the left side plate 106 and the right side plate 104, thus roughly presenting a long box shape with an opening. The upper plate 102, the lower plate 108, the left side plate 106 and the right side plate 104 each have a plurality of connection holes 112.

Multiple templates 100 can use their respective left side plates 106 and right side plates 104 to abut against each other so that the plane defined by the first sides S1 of the templates 100 extends in the horizontal direction, or use the upper plates 102 and lower plates 108 of different templates 100 to stack each other so that the plane defined by the first sides S1 of the templates 100 extends in the vertical direction. The abutted or stacked templates 100 can be fixed together by appropriate fasteners, such as a bolt, through the corresponding connecting holes 112 of the templates 100. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first side S1 of the template 100 is a plane for concrete pouring, and the second side S2 has a structure for fixing the template 100.

Please refer to FIG. 2 , which shows a building structure 1000 for concrete casting according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which includes an outer formwork assembly 100 ′ and an inner formwork assembly 100 ″. The outer formwork assembly 100 ′ and the inner formwork assembly 100 ″ are each composed of a plurality of first formworks and a plurality of second formworks assembled, stacked, and fixed to each other. The casting area 330 between the outer formwork group 100' and the inner formwork group 100" is used to cast a concrete wall, the casting area 340 is used to cast a concrete beam, and the casting area 350 is used to cast a concrete floor. Please note that each casting space contains a steel bar structure such as longitudinal bars, transverse bars, and beam steel bar cages (not shown).

The building structure 1000 includes a plurality of connecting tabs 310 that connect and pass through the outer formwork set 100' and the inner formwork set 100", so that the inner and outer formwork sets can be pulled toward each other, thereby preventing the spacing between the inner and outer formwork sets from changing from the originally predetermined spacing due to the force applied during the concrete pouring process. In addition, as required, reinforcing members 320 can be installed at appropriate positions of the outer formwork set 100' and the inner formwork set 100" to cooperate with supporting structures (not shown) to abut against the outer formwork set 100' or the inner formwork set 100"; and for the inner formwork set 100" below the pouring area 350 constituting the floor slab, appropriate reinforcing beams or supporting columns and other structures (not shown) can be provided.

Please refer to FIG. 3 , which shows the building structure 1000 after concrete C has been poured into the formwork. A plurality of connecting tabs 310 are provided between the inner and outer formwork sets 100", 100' to connect and fix the inner and outer formwork sets 100", 100' to stabilize the space structure between the inner and outer formwork sets 100", 100'. However, for the casting area 350 constituting the floor slab, the outer formwork set 100' corresponding to the casting area 350 is close to the free end of the outer formwork set 100', but is farther away from the corresponding inner formwork 100", and therefore cannot be connected to each other using the connecting tabs 310. Therefore, after pouring concrete C, the uppermost formwork 100 in the outer formwork set 100' may be deformed and tilted outwards due to the lateral pressure or expansion of concrete C due to lack of support, as shown in the dotted line.

Please refer to FIG. 4, which shows a building structure 2000 of an embodiment of the present disclosure. The building structure 2000 includes an outer formwork set 100', an inner formwork set 100", and wall reinforcements 41 located in the outer formwork set 100' and the inner formwork set 100". The outer formwork set 100' and the inner formwork set 100" can each be constructed by mixing a plurality of metal formworks (such as aluminum formworks), plastic formworks, and wooden formworks. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the outer formwork set 100' is constructed by a plurality of aluminum formworks 100 and 200. The formwork 100 and the formwork 200 are different in shape, and the formworks 100 and the formworks 200 each have a first side S1 and a second side S2 relative to the first side S1, wherein the formworks 100 and the formworks 200 are configured so that the first sides S1 together define a plane P that is substantially perpendicular to the ground.

Referring to FIG. 4 , FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B , according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the building structure 2000 further includes a support member 10, the support member 10 includes a vertical column 11, a plurality of fixing members 12 arranged at intervals along the length direction of the vertical column 11 and vertically protruding from one side of the vertical column, and a support member 14 arranged at the top edge of the adjacent support member 10, wherein the fixing members 12 are fixed to the second side S2 of the templates 100 and 200, and the support member 14 is configured to directly or indirectly support the second side S2 of the templates 100 and 200. The abutment member 14 can be positioned at any position as required. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the abutment member 14 can directly or indirectly support the uppermost portion of the templates 100 and 200, that is, the top edge adjacent to the plane P. The abutment member 14 can be any adjustable device, such as a bolt or a bolt with a nut. After the support member 10 is fixed to the second side S2 of the templates 100 and 200, the abutment member 14 can be extended or retracted toward the second side S2 by adjustment or operation, and then directly or indirectly abut on the second side S2.

The inner formwork set 100" can also be constructed from a plurality of formworks of any material. The inner formwork set 100" is set at a predetermined distance and approximately parallel to the plane P. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the building structure 2000 includes a plurality of connecting tabs 310, each of which has two ends connected to the outer formwork set 100' and the inner formwork set 100", respectively, to fix the distance between the outer formwork set 100' and the inner formwork set 100".

The second side S2 of each of the templates 200 constituting a part of the outer template set 100' includes a plurality of longitudinal ribs 20 and transverse ribs 21 to strengthen the strength of the templates 200. Each of the longitudinal ribs 20 includes a plurality of connecting holes 212, wherein the fixing members 12 of the support member 10 each have a hole 15 (see FIG. 5A). The fastener 13 passes through one of the connecting holes 212 of the longitudinal ribs 20 of the templates 200 and one of the holes 15 of the fixing members 12 of the support member 10 to fix the support member 10 to the templates 200.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 5B , the holes 15 of the fixing member 12 may have a diameter similar to the connecting hole 112 of the template 100 ; and the fastener 13 passes through the connecting hole 112 of the template 100 and the hole 15 of the supporting member 10 to fix the supporting member to the second side S2 of the outer template assembly 100 '.

Please refer to Figures 4, 6A-6C, which show a reinforcement assembly 30 of an embodiment of the present invention. The reinforcement assembly 30 includes a first reinforcement member 31, a second reinforcement member 32, and a rod 33 connecting the first reinforcement member 31 and the second reinforcement member 32, wherein the reinforcement assembly 30 engages the template 100 and the template 200 (i.e., the outer template set 100') at the top edge of the plane P, the first reinforcement member 31 spans across multiple templates 100 and templates 200 in a transverse direction and abuts against the first side S1 of the templates 100 and templates 200, and the second reinforcement member 32 spans across multiple templates 100 and templates 200 in a transverse direction and abuts against the second side S2 of the templates 100 and templates 200. Through the reinforcement assembly 30, the top edges of the templates 100 and templates 200 can be connected into a whole, so that the strength of the top template 100 and/or template 200 is significantly increased. As shown in FIG. 6B, the abutment member 14 of the support member 10 abuts against the second reinforcement member 32 of the reinforcement assembly 30 to indirectly support the second side S2 of the templates 100 and template 200.

As shown in FIG. 6C , the abutment member 14 abuts against the reinforcement assembly 30 at the second side S2, and the reinforcement assembly 30 further comprises: a clamp 34, which is disposed above the first reinforcement member 31 and the second reinforcement member 32; and a connecting member 35, which passes through the rod 33 and connects one end of the connecting member 35 to the clamp 34, and the other end of the connecting member 35 is connected to a beam reinforcement 45 in the beam reinforcement cage 40 between the outer formwork assembly 100' and the inner formwork assembly 100", so as to further strengthen the strength of the building structure 2000.

Figures 6A to 6C show a construction method of an embodiment of the present disclosure. Please note that the following steps of the construction method of the present disclosure, and the sequence involved therein, are only exemplary step sequences for the convenience of explanation. Based on the present disclosure, those with common knowledge in the field can know that the construction method of the present disclosure can freely change the sequence according to actual implementation requirements.

First, as shown in FIG. 6A , a plurality of templates 100 and templates 200 are assembled to construct an outer template set 100', so that the first sides S1 of the templates 100 and templates 200 jointly define a plane P that is substantially perpendicular to the ground; and a plurality of templates are arranged at a predetermined distance away from the first sides S1 of the templates 100 and templates 200 in a manner parallel to the plane (P) to construct an inner template set 100". A plurality of connecting pull tabs 310 are provided, and the two ends of each of the connecting pull tabs 310 are respectively connected to the templates that construct the outer template set 100' and the templates that construct the inner template set 100", so as to fix the distance between the outer template set 100' and the inner template set 100".

Referring to FIG. 6B , the construction method of the above embodiment further includes providing a support member 10, the support member 10 comprising a vertical column 11, a plurality of fixing members 12 extending vertically from one side of the vertical column 11, and abutting members 14 adjacent to the top edge of the support member 10; and fixing the fixing members 12 to the second side S2 of the templates 100 and 200 relative to the first side S1, and directly or indirectly abutting the abutting members 14 against the second side S2 of the templates 100 and 200.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the abutment member 14 abuts against the second side S2 of the templates 100 and 200 indirectly: a reinforcement assembly 30 is provided, which includes a first reinforcement member 31, a second reinforcement member 32, and a rod 33 connecting the first reinforcement member 31 and the second reinforcement member 32; the first reinforcement member 31 is horizontally extended across the plurality of templates 100 and 200 and abuts against the first side S1 of the templates 100 and 200; the second reinforcement member 32 is horizontally extended across the plurality of templates 100 and 200 and abuts against the second side S2 of the templates 100 and 200; and the abutment member 14 of the support member 10 is abutted against the second reinforcement member 32.

Referring to FIG. 6C , the construction method of the above embodiment further includes providing a connector 35, passing the connector 35 through the rod 33, and connecting one end of the connector 35 to a clamp 34 provided on the second reinforcement member 32, and connecting the other end of the connector 35 to a beam reinforcement 45 in the beam reinforcement cage 40 located between the formworks 100 and 200 (i.e., the outer formwork set 100') and the inner formwork set 100".

The features of several embodiments have been summarized above so that those skilled in the art can better understand the state of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that they can easily use the present disclosure as a basis for designing or modifying other processes and structures to implement the same purpose and/or achieve the same advantages of the embodiments introduced in this article. Those skilled in the art should also realize that such equivalent structures should not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and that they can make various changes, substitutions and modifications to this article.

10: Support parts

11: Vertical column

12: Fixing parts

13: Fasteners

14: Abutment

20: Longitudinal ribs

21: Transverse ribs

30: Reinforcement assembly

31: First reinforcement piece

32: Second reinforcement piece

33: Rod

34: Clamp

41: Wall reinforcement

100: Template

100': External template set

100": Inner template set

200: Template

212: Connection hole

310: Connecting pull tab

2000: Building Structure

P: plane

S1: First side

S2: Second side

Claims (10)

A building structure comprises: a plurality of first templates, each of the plurality of first templates having a first side and a second side opposite to the first side, wherein the plurality of first templates are configured so that the first sides together define a plane substantially perpendicular to a ground; and a support member, the support member comprising: a vertical column; a plurality of first templates disposed at intervals along the length direction of the vertical column and extending vertically from one side of the vertical column; A plurality of protruding fixing members; and a support member disposed on the top edge of the adjacent support member, wherein the plurality of fixing members are fixed to the second side of the plurality of first templates, and the support member is configured to adjustably extend or retract from the support member toward the second side of the plurality of first templates to directly or indirectly support the uppermost portion of the plurality of first templates at the second side of the plurality of first templates. The building structure of claim 1 further comprises: a plurality of second templates, which are spaced apart at a predetermined distance and arranged substantially parallel to the plane; and a plurality of connecting pull tabs, each of which has two ends connected to the plurality of first templates and the plurality of second templates, respectively, to fix the distance between the plurality of first templates and the plurality of second templates. A building structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second side of each of the plurality of first templates comprises a plurality of longitudinal ribs to strengthen the strength of the plurality of first templates, each of the plurality of longitudinal ribs comprises a plurality of connecting holes, wherein the plurality of fixing members of the support member each have a hole, and a fastener passes through one of the plurality of connecting holes of the longitudinal ribs of the plurality of first templates and one of the holes of the plurality of fixing members of the support member to fix the support member to the plurality of first templates. The building structure of claim 1 further comprises: a reinforcement assembly, which includes a first reinforcement, a second reinforcement and a rod connecting the first reinforcement and the second reinforcement, wherein the reinforcement assembly engages the plurality of first templates at the uppermost portion of the plurality of first templates, the first reinforcement spans across the plurality of first templates transversely and abuts against the first side of the plurality of first templates, and the second reinforcement spans across the plurality of first templates transversely and abuts against the second side of the plurality of first templates. As in claim 4, the abutment member of the support member abuts against the second reinforcement member of the reinforcement assembly to indirectly support the second side of the plurality of first formworks. The building structure of claim 4, wherein the reinforcement assembly further comprises: a clamp, which is arranged on the second reinforcement member; and a connecting member, which passes through the rod and connects one end of the connecting member to the clamp, and the other end of the connecting member is connected to a beam reinforcement of a beam reinforcement cage located between the plurality of first formworks and the plurality of second formworks. A construction method, comprising: assembling a plurality of first templates so that a first side of the plurality of first templates jointly defines a plane substantially perpendicular to a ground; providing a support member, the support member comprising a vertical column, a plurality of fixing members extending vertically from a side of the vertical column, and a support member adjacent to the top edge of the support member; fixing the plurality of fixing members to a second side of the plurality of first templates opposite to the first side, wherein the support member is configured to adjustably extend or retract from the support member toward the second side of the plurality of first templates to directly or indirectly support the uppermost portion of the plurality of first templates at the second side of the plurality of first templates. The method of claim 7 further comprises: setting a plurality of second templates at a predetermined distance away from the first side of the plurality of first templates and parallel to the plane; and providing a plurality of connecting pull tabs, and connecting the two ends of each of the plurality of connecting pull tabs to the plurality of first templates and the plurality of second templates, respectively, to fix the distance between the first template and the plurality of second templates. The method of claim 8 further comprises: providing a reinforcement assembly comprising a first reinforcement member, a second reinforcement member and a rod connecting the first reinforcement member and the second reinforcement member; extending the first reinforcement member transversely across a plurality of the plurality of first templates and abutting against the first side of the plurality of first templates; extending the second reinforcement member transversely across a plurality of the plurality of first templates and abutting against the second side of the plurality of first templates; and abutting the abutting member of the support member against the second reinforcement member. The method of claim 9 further comprises: providing a connecting member, passing the connecting member through the rod, and connecting one end of the connecting member to a clamp disposed on the second reinforcement member, and connecting the other end of the connecting member to a beam reinforcement cage located between the plurality of first templates and the plurality of second templates.

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