TWI716170B - 無酸磷化金屬板材的處理方法 - Google Patents
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 13
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- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical group [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000013556 antirust agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- AOBAVABSFWTQIX-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydrogen phosphate;iron(2+) Chemical compound [Fe+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O AOBAVABSFWTQIX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
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- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C11/00—Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
- C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
- C23C22/10—Orthophosphates containing oxidants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
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- C23C22/18—Orthophosphates containing manganese cations
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- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
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- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
- C23C22/77—Controlling or regulating of the coating process
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- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
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- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
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Abstract
一種無酸磷化金屬板材的處理方法包括下列步驟：脫脂步驟，提供脫脂劑除去金屬板材表面的油脂和污物；噴擊步驟，透過離心葉輪將多角型噴擊砂粒噴射擊打所述金屬板材的表面以除去氧化層；水洗步驟，清洗所述金屬板材的表面以除去所述噴擊步驟產生的粉屑；磷化處理步驟，形成一磷化膜於所述金屬板材的表面以提供保護作用；以及水洗步驟，清洗所述金屬板材以除去殘留的磷化液；防銹步驟，上防銹劑於所述金屬板材；以及乾燥步驟，使所述金屬板材乾燥。
Description
本發明涉及一種無酸磷化金屬板材的處理方法，特別是涉及一種免用酸性溶液以除去金屬工件表面的氧化層，並提供良好表面以供後續磷化步驟，以加工金屬板材表面而能適合於後續的金屬加工。
隨著金屬加工業、鐵路製造業、汽車行業的飛速發展，對生產各種金屬製品及鐵路、汽車零部件產品的質量有了更高要求，通過長期的實踐證明，一些簡單、簡易的前處理方式，已經不能滿足金屬加工及塗裝的基本要求。只有採用標準的前處理生產工藝，才能使鋼鐵表面形成一層標準的磷化膜和防護膜，以滿足金屬加工和塗裝處理的質量要求。
鋼鐵製品在加工過程中，其表面的氧化皮和鐵鏽必須進行化學清洗處理，使鋼鐵製品露出鋼鐵基體，更有效地提高電鍍、磷化、氧化（發黑髮藍）、拉伸、壓延、軋制、防鏽等處理效果。
目前化學除銹最常用的方法是鹽酸除銹，因為鹽酸除銹速度快且可在常溫下進行，所以應用廣泛。但是，在實際操作中，鹽酸除銹存在「過腐蝕」、氧化斑、和「氫脆」現象，產生大量酸霧，造成環境污染和社會公害。
故，如何通過處理方法的改良，來避免環境污染和社會公害，來克服上述的缺陷，已成為該項技術領域所欲解決的重要課題之一。
本發明所要解決的技術問題在於，針對現有技術的不足提供一種無酸磷化金屬板材的處理方法，特別是涉及一種免用酸性溶液以除去金屬工件表面的氧化層，並提供良好表面以供後續磷化步驟，以加工金屬板材表面而能適合於後續的金屬加工。
為了解決上述的技術問題，本發明所採用的其中一技術方案是，提供一種無酸磷化金屬板材的處理方法，包括下列步驟：
脫脂步驟，提供脫脂劑除去金屬板材表面的油脂和污物；
噴擊步驟，透過離心葉輪將多角型噴擊砂粒噴射擊打所述金屬板材的表面以除去氧化層；
水洗步驟，清洗所述金屬板材的表面以除去所述噴擊步驟產生的粉屑；
磷化處理步驟，形成一磷化膜於所述金屬板材的表面以提供保護作用；
水洗步驟，清洗所述金屬板材以除去殘留的磷化液；
防銹步驟，上防銹劑於所述金屬板材；以及
乾燥步驟，使所述金屬板材乾燥。
本發明的其中一有益效果在於，本發明所提供的無酸磷化金屬板材的處理方法，其能通過噴擊的技術方案，以取代傳統以酸洗方式除去金屬工件的氧化層的作法，可以減少酸洗溶液對環境的污染。本發明的噴擊步驟中，噴擊顆粒可以回收重覆利用，有助於環境保護。另外，本發明較佳可以控制噴擊的角度、距離，甚至本發明通過所述表面即時觀測步驟，以偵測器即時偵測所述金屬板材的表面移除的狀況，當移除的粉屑氣相改變後，即停止所述噴擊步驟。藉此可以精準的控制氧化層移除的狀況，達到適當除銹，金屬工件表面能適當活化，有利於後續形成良好的磷化膜結晶。
為使能更進一步瞭解本發明的特徵及技術內容，請參閱以下有關本發明的詳細說明與圖式，然而所提供的圖式僅用於提供參考與說明，並非用來對本發明加以限制。
以下是通過特定的具體實施例來說明本發明所公開的實施方式，本領域技術人員可由本說明書所公開的內容瞭解本發明的優點與效果。本發明可通過其他不同的具體實施例加以施行或應用，本說明書中的各項細節也可基於不同觀點與應用，在不悖離本發明的構思下進行各種修改與變更。另外，本發明的附圖僅為簡單示意說明，並非依實際尺寸的描繪，事先聲明。以下的實施方式將進一步詳細說明本發明的相關技術內容，但所公開的內容並非用以限制本發明的保護範圍。
請參閱圖1，其繪示本發明無酸磷化金屬板材的處理方法的步驟流程圖。本發明提供一種無酸磷化金屬板材的處理方法，但本發明並不限制於金屬板材，本發明可適用於各種金屬工件，只是配合金屬工件不同外形，在實施過程需另外加以考量。本實施例的無酸磷化金屬板材的處理方法包括下列步驟：
首先，脫脂步驟S1，其目的在於，提供脫脂劑除去金屬板材表面的油脂和污物。在金屬表面前處理中，脫脂是非常重要的步驟。脫脂，別稱除油。金屬板材的生產加工過程會殘留油污，此外，在貯存運輸過程中為了防銹會使用防銹油等。金屬板材在進一步做表面處理前必須把表面的油污清洗乾淨，否則會影響除銹、氧化皮去除的成效，進而影響表面電鍍、塗裝層的品質。
脫脂效果與四個因素有關，脫脂溫度、脫脂時間、機械作用和脫脂劑。一般而言，溫度越高，油污黏度就降低，而利於除去。關於脫脂時間，本實施例的金屬板材適用高壓噴淋方式，脫脂時間大約為1.5至3分鐘，視油污的種類與殘留量而定。但本發明不限制於此，也可以使用浸漬脫脂方式，或者可以搭配高壓噴淋及浸漬脫脂方式。脫脂過程中，借助於壓力噴射或攪拌等機械作用可以提高效果，噴射過程可以使新鮮的脫脂藥劑與金屬板材的表面有良好的接觸，有利於提高脫脂效果。為了提高油污的乳化和分散能力，本實施例可以適當提高脫脂劑中表面活性劑的含量。
請參考圖2至圖4，其中圖2，為本發明在噴擊金屬板材的步驟應用多個離心葉輪的側視示意圖。接著為噴擊步驟S2，透過離心葉輪100將多角型噴擊砂粒噴射擊打金屬板材200的表面以除去氧化層。其中所述噴擊步驟S2包括提供多個所述離心葉輪100，並以對稱方式將多個所述離心葉輪100分別擺置於所述金屬板材200的上表面與下表面，以對稱地噴擊所述金屬板材200的上表面與下表面。上述安排的優點在於，以抵銷因噴擊形成的上方應力及下方應力，保持所述金屬板材的平整，避免表面因張力不同而導致局部凹凸。
本發明的無酸磷化金屬板材的處理方法的特點之一在於，離心葉輪100結合噴砂及珠擊優點的噴擊機台9，如圖4所示，離心葉輪100利用離心力，以輻射狀的葉片120高速噴出噴擊顆粒，其中該些噴擊顆粒的粒徑可介於噴砂的砂料及珠擊的鋼丸之間，不僅可以提供清潔作用，提升表面粗糙度，進一步可以提高工件的抗疲勞強度以及工件表面的硬度，達到增強使用壽命。舉例說明，其中噴擊步驟的速度可以為50-200公尺/秒，所述噴擊砂粒可以為玻璃、砂、或鋼材，更具體舉例，例如：金鋼砂或碳化矽，所述噴擊砂粒的粒徑為320微米(㎛) 至1400微米(㎛)。
如圖4所示，為本發明在噴擊金屬板材的步驟應用的噴擊機台的前視示意圖。所述噴擊機台9具有二對相隔設置的離心葉輪100，二個相隔設置的離心葉輪100可以設置於不同平面上，或者設置於同一平面上。兩個噴擊出口面（噴嘴）呈一鈍角，約120度至150度。簡要的說，噴擊機台9具有顆粒處理設備93、多組離心葉輪100、收集設備91及揚昇設備92。通過所述收集設備91及揚昇設備92，噴擊顆粒可以回收重覆利用，有助於環境保護。顆粒處理設備93將回收後的噴擊顆粒處理並過濾混雜的其他灰塵或顆粒，再藉由出料部94供應該些噴擊顆粒到多組離心葉輪100，藉此形成循環方式利用該些噴擊顆粒。噴擊機台的細節可參考申請人的中國民國專利申請案號108132992『噴擊機台及其葉輪設備』，申請日2019年09年12日，並可視為本案內容的一部分。
如圖5所示，本實施例更好的實施方式，其中噴擊步驟包括調整或自動旋轉所述離心葉輪100的噴嘴與所述金屬板材200的噴擊角度，如圖5左右弧形箭頭所示。藉此，可以更均勻地使該些噴擊顆粒噴擊在金屬板材200上。另一種實施方式，所述噴擊步驟還可以包括調整所述離心葉輪100的噴嘴與所述金屬板材200的距離。離心葉輪100的噴嘴與所述金屬板材200的距離可以也是可調整的。較佳的，其進一步包含提供距離偵測裝置D1以偵測所述離心葉輪1000的所述噴嘴與所述金屬板材200的距離。特別提醒的是，在旋轉調整噴擊角度，或調整噴擊的距離，過程中，上、下的離心葉輪100對稱地噴擊所述金屬板材200。此外，再者，所述離心葉輪100也可以具有可程式控馬達以調整轉速。
接著，如圖1所示，水洗步驟S3，清洗所述金屬板材200的表面以除去所述噴擊步驟S2產生的粉屑。
然後，如圖1所示，磷化(phosphorization)處理步驟S4，形成一磷化膜於所述金屬板材的表面以提供保護作用。本實施例中，所述磷化處理步驟包括以錳系磷化液、鐵系磷化液或鋅系磷化液。其中，錳系磷化液的PH值較佳在2-3之間，鐵系磷化液的PH值較佳在3-5.5之間。磷化是一種化學與電化學反應形成磷酸鹽化學轉化膜的過程，適用於鋼鐵或鋁、鋅件等材料，所形成的磷酸鹽轉化膜稱之為磷化膜。藉由，將金屬板材(工件)浸入磷化液（某些酸式磷酸鹽為主的溶液），在表面沉積形成一層不溶於水的結晶型磷酸鹽轉換膜的過程，稱之為磷化。磷化膜為閃爍有光，均勻細致，灰色多孔且附著力強的結晶，結晶大部分為磷酸鋅，有一些為磷酸氫鐵。鋅鐵比例取決於溶液成分、磷化時間和溫度。磷化的目的主要是提供金屬板材一層保護，防止金屬被腐蝕。其用途在於，塗漆前打底，可以提高漆膜層的附著力與防腐蝕能力，或者，在金屬冷加工工藝中，提供減少摩擦的潤滑作用。
補充說明的一點，磷化膜不能在生銹層或氧化皮上生長，所以徹底除銹是磷化的必要條件。因此本發明的上一步驟，噴擊金屬板材的步驟就非常關鍵。一面，除銹不能過度，否則，金屬工件表面粗糙導致結晶粗大多孔，沉澱增多。另一面，若除銹不夠徹底，金屬工件表面活化不夠，同樣使磷化膜結晶粗大。如圖5所示，本發明的無酸磷化金屬板材的處理方法，所述噴擊步驟所除去氧化層的厚度大於10微米(㎛)。此外，較佳的，本發明的無酸磷化金屬板材的處理方法，還包括一表面即時觀測步驟，以偵測器D2即時偵測所述金屬板材200的表面移除的狀況，當移除的粉屑氣相改變後，即停止所述噴擊步驟S2。藉此可以精準的控制氧化層移除的狀況，達到適當除銹，金屬工件表面能適當活化，有利於後續形成良好的磷化膜結晶。
接著，如圖1所示，第二次的水洗步驟S5，清洗所述金屬板材以除去殘留的磷化液。此步驟與第一次水洗步驟S3的差異在於，磷化後用水沖洗磷化膜的作用是去除吸附在膜表面的可溶性物質等，以防止磷化膜在濕熱條件下起泡、脫落，提高塗膜附著力、耐腐蝕性等。
然後，如圖1所示，防銹步驟S6，上防銹劑於所述金屬板材。例如可以浸入防銹油中。由於磷化膜具有許多孔隙，因而不能長期有效防止腐蝕，特別是是遇到酸或鹼時，磷化膜容易遭到破壞。所以磷化步驟之後，金屬板材(工件)需要浸入防銹油中，以補充防銹處理。防銹油可以在金屬工件表面形成緻密的防銹油膜，再提升磷化後金屬工件的抗腐蝕性。
最後，乾燥步驟S7，使所述金屬板材乾燥。本實施例中，可以採用自然乾燥，以節省能源。但本發明並不限制於此，也可以加以通風或加熱烘乾，以加速乾燥。
[實施例的有益效果]
本發明的其中一有益效果在於，本發明所提供的無酸磷化金屬板材的處理方法，其能通過噴擊的技術方案，以取代傳統以酸洗方式除去金屬工件的氧化層的作法，可以減少酸洗溶液對環境的污染。本發明的噴擊步驟中，噴擊顆粒可以回收重覆利用，有助於環境保護。另外，本發明較佳可以控制噴擊的角度、距離，甚至本發明通過所述表面即時觀測步驟，以偵測器D2即時偵測所述金屬板材200的表面移除的狀況，當移除的粉屑氣相改變後，即停止所述噴擊步驟。藉此可以精準的控制氧化層移除的狀況，達到適當除銹，金屬工件表面能適當活化，有利於後續形成良好的磷化膜結晶。
以上所公開的內容僅為本發明的優選可行實施例，並非因此侷限本發明的申請專利範圍，所以凡是運用本發明說明書及圖式內容所做的等效技術變化，均包含於本發明的申請專利範圍內。
9:噴擊機台
91:收集設備
92:揚昇設備
93:顆粒處理設備
94:出料部
100:離心葉輪
120:葉片
200:金屬板材
D1:偵測裝置
D2:偵測器
圖1為本發明無酸磷化金屬板材的處理方法的步驟流程圖。
圖2為本發明在噴擊金屬板材的步驟應用多個離心葉輪的側視示意圖。
圖3為本發明在噴擊金屬板材的離心葉輪的示意圖。
圖4為本發明在噴擊金屬板材所應用的噴擊機台的前視示意圖。
圖5為本發明在噴擊金屬板材的噴擊機台動作示意圖。
本代表圖為流程圖，無符號說明。
Claims (9)
- 一種無酸磷化金屬板材的處理方法，包括下列步驟：脫脂步驟，提供脫脂劑除去金屬板材表面的油脂和污物；噴擊步驟，透過離心葉輪將多角型噴擊砂粒噴射擊打所述金屬板材的表面以除去氧化層；水洗步驟，清洗所述金屬板材的表面以除去所述噴擊步驟產生的粉屑；磷化處理步驟，形成一磷化膜於所述金屬板材的表面以提供保護作用；水洗步驟，清洗所述金屬板材以除去殘留的磷化液；防銹步驟，上防銹劑於所述金屬板材；以及乾燥步驟，使所述金屬板材乾燥；其中所述噴擊步驟包括提供多個所述離心葉輪，並以對稱方式將多個所述離心葉輪分別擺置於所述金屬板材的上表面與下表面，以對稱地噴擊所述金屬板材的上表面與下表面。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的無酸磷化金屬板材的處理方法，其中所述噴擊步驟的速度為50-200公尺/秒，所述噴擊砂粒為金鋼砂或碳化矽，所述噴擊砂粒的粒徑為320微米至1400微米。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的無酸磷化金屬板材的處理方法，其中所述噴擊步驟包括調整所述離心葉輪的噴嘴與所述金屬板材的距離。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項所述的無酸磷化金屬板材的處理方法，其進一步包含提供距離偵測裝置以偵測所述離心葉輪的所述噴嘴與所述金屬板材的距離。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的無酸磷化金屬板材的處理方法，其中所述噴擊步驟包括調整所述離心葉輪的噴嘴與所述金屬板材的噴擊角度。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的無酸磷化金屬板材的處理方法，其中所述離心葉輪具有可程式控馬達以調整轉速。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的無酸磷化金屬板材的處理方法，其中所述磷化處理步驟包括以錳系磷化液或鋅系磷化液。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的無酸磷化金屬板材的處理方法，其中所述噴擊步驟所除去氧化層的厚度大於10微米。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的無酸磷化金屬板材的處理方法，還包括一表面即時觀測步驟，以偵測器即時偵測所述金屬板材的表面移除的狀況，當移除的粉屑氣相改變後，即停止所述噴擊步驟。
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| CN108277487A (zh) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-07-13 | 合肥市新开创不锈钢设备有限公司 | 一种不锈钢的表面处理工艺 |
| CN110359036A (zh) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-10-22 | 浙江丰业集团有限公司 | 一种钢管的磷化工艺 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US11761048B2 (en) | 2023-09-19 |
| TW202117093A (zh) | 2021-05-01 |
| US20210123113A1 (en) | 2021-04-29 |
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