TWI799106B - A method of ring-shaped filament winding and its object thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The prevent invention provides a method of ring-shaped filament winding having steps of: preparing a ring-shaped liner with a gap; forming a ring-shaped carbon fiber tube with a carbon fiber by a filament winding technique, wherein the carbon fiber is pre-impregnated by a thermoplastic resin; becoming a ring-shaped object by cooling and solidification; generating a corresponding shaped and a completely ring-shaped object according to a press and a heat which is provided on a surface of the gap.

Description

Annular fiber winding method and its products

A method of filament winding, in particular a method of endless filament winding.

The main concept of a known filament winding technology is to wind a continuous fiber on a mandrel to be formed, and through the continuous rotation of the mandrel, the continuous fiber can be continuously wound on the mould, Form a highly repeatable complex layer structure. The biggest feature of this fiber winding technology is low cost and high production efficiency, and the law of winding the mandrel can also be designed according to the demand, so as to give full play to the strength of the multi-layer structure of the fiber and achieve the best economic effect.

However, the filament winding technique is not suitable for making a finished product with a concave surface, because the shape of the finished product must be such that the mandrel can be removed after winding so that the fiber The application of the winding technology is limited to a certain extent. If the fiber winding technology for making a ring-shaped body can be developed, the application in related fields can be greatly increased.

In order to develop the fiber winding technology that can make a ring-shaped body, the present invention provides a ring-shaped fiber winding method, the steps of which include: preparing a liner: the liner is a ring structure, and any area of the liner contains a Notch, the liner can be made of a thermoplastic material, a water-soluble material or a heat-fusible material; Carbon fiber winding and solidification molding: use a fiber winding technology to wind a carbon fiber around the outer periphery of the inner tank to form a ring-shaped carbon fiber tube with a multi-layer structure, wherein the carbon fiber is pre-impregnated in a thermoplastic resin, and the carbon fiber is wound In the process of the inner liner, a heating temperature and a coating pressure are continuously provided, so that the carbon fibers between the layers can be welded into one, and a ring-shaped product is formed after cooling and solidification, wherein: between the ring-shaped carbon fiber tubes At least a part of the surface is given a pressure and a processing temperature, so that the thermoplastic resin contained in at least a part of the surface of the annular carbon fiber tube is melted by the heating temperature and adhered to the inner tank corresponding to the pressure.

Wherein, the liner is made of thermoplastic material. When the fiber is wound, the liner melts corresponding to the heating temperature and fuses with the thermoplastic resin of the liner. After cooling and solidifying, the liner is tightly connected with the ring-shaped carbon fiber tube. Joining forms the integrally formed ring-shaped article.

Wherein, the thermoplastic material can be selected from polyoxymethylene (POM), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polysulfide (PSU), polyethersulfide (PES), polyether Etherketone (PEEK), Aromatic Polyester Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP), Polyetherimide (PEI), Polyamideimide (PAI), Polyacetal (POM), Nylon (PA), Polycarbonate ester (PC), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyphenylene ether (PPE), styrene acrylic glue acrylonitrile (ASA), polystyrene ( PS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), styrene copolymer (MS), cellulose acetate (CA), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE), styrene elastomer (TPS ), nylon 12, elastomer (PAE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), vinylon (vinylon), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) or PVC One of vinyl (PVC).

Wherein, the inner liner is the heat-fusible material, and when the carbon fiber is wound, the inner liner is melted by the heating temperature and discharged through the gap.

Wherein, the hot-melt material includes low-temperature soluble hot-melt glue or wax.

Wherein, the inner liner is the water-soluble material, and water is injected into the ring-shaped carbon fiber tube through the gap, so that the inner liner contacts with water and dissolves, and is discharged through the gap.

Wherein, the water-soluble material contains polyvinyl alcohol.

The liner can be a ring-shaped piece, a ring-shaped tube, a ring-shaped strip or a ring-shaped piece with a curved section.

Further, the carbon fibers may be in the form of yarn bundles or woven fabrics.

Further, a section of the annular product may be a solid or hollow circle, an ellipse or a type of half-moon.

Further, the step of applying the pressing force and the processing temperature may be placing the ring-shaped product in a mold, or using a roller to roll on the surface of the ring-shaped carbon fiber tube, and giving the pressing force.

Further, the step of applying the pressing force and the processing temperature is to provide the heating temperature at the gap, and make the two ends of the ring-shaped product approach and combine to form a complete ring-shaped body.

Further, after the step of applying the pressure and the processing temperature or the formation of the annular body, the carbon fiber is pasted with heat and pressure to reinforce any area of the annular carbon fiber tube to increase the portion of the annular body The thickness of the tube wall either forms a pattern or protruding structure on the surface of the annulus.

The annular fiber winding method provided by the present invention is low in cost and simple in steps. It overcomes the fact that the traditional fiber winding technology is not suitable for making surfaces with concave curvature by directly combining with the inner tank or by dissolving in water or heat melting. In response to the production method of directly combining with the inner tank, the overall structural rigidity of the ring-shaped product is strengthened, so that it can be applied to the production of curved or ring-shaped products such as wheel frames and rackets, which greatly expands the The development and application fields of filament winding technology.

10: liner

11: Gap

13: carbon fiber

20: ring carbon fiber tube

30: ring products

30A: hollow ring products

30B: Oval Hollow Ring Products

30C: solid ring products

40: ring body

40A: Hollow annular body

40C: solid ring

40D: curved ring tube

41: ring outer peripheral surface

411: The edge of the outer peripheral surface of the ring

412: Inner recess

42: Ring inner peripheral surface

43A: fixed rib

43B: Reinforcing structure

A: Thermoplastic material

B: Water soluble material

C: Thermofusible material

Fig. 1 is a step diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention

Figure 3A is a schematic diagram of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention

Figure 3B is a schematic diagram of the third preferred embodiment of the present invention

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the second preferred embodiment of the present invention

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention

Fig. 7 is the preferred first embodiment of the filament winding of the present invention

Fig. 8 is the preferred second embodiment of filament winding of the present invention

Please refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, which is a preferred embodiment of the annular fiber winding method provided by the present invention, and its steps include:

S1, prepare an inner container 10: the inner container 10 is a ring-shaped structure, which is a columnar shape. It is a ring-shaped piece, a ring-shaped tube or a ring-shaped strip. More preferably, the liner 10 is the ring-shaped piece with a curved section.

The liner 10 can be optionally made of a thermoplastic material A, a water-soluble material B or a hot-melt material C. The liner 10 takes the plastic material as an example, and the thermoplastic material A can be selected from polyoxymethylene (POM), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polysulfide (PSU) ), polyether ether (PES), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), aromatic polyester liquid crystal polymer (LCP), polyether imide (PEI), polyamide imide (PAI), polyacetal (POM), Nylon (PA), Polycarbon Polyester (PC), Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT), Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), Polyphenylene Ether (PPE), Styrene Acrylic Glue Acrylonitrile (ASA), Polystyrene (PS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), styrene copolymer (MS), cellulose acetate (CA), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE), styrene-based elastomer ( TPS), nylon 12, elastomer (PAE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), vinylon (vinylon), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) or poly One of vinyl chloride (PVC); the water-soluble material B is an example of the inner tank 10, and the water-soluble material B can be polyvinyl alcohol; The meltable material C can be a low-temperature soluble hot-melt glue or wax.

S2, carbon fiber winding and solidification molding: please refer to Figure 2, use a fiber winding technology to wind a carbon fiber 13 around the outer periphery of the liner 10 to form an annular carbon fiber tube 20 with a multi-layer structure, wherein the carbon fiber 13 Pre-impregnated in a thermoplastic resin, the thermoplastic resin can be used as a reinforcing material for the carbon fiber 13 during solidification and molding, and the carbon fiber 13 can be in the form of a bundle or a woven cloth. During the process of winding the carbon fiber 13 around the inner liner 10, the carbon fiber 13 between the layers can be welded together by continuously providing a heating temperature and applying a wrapping pressure during winding, forming a ring shape after cooling and solidifying Article 30.

Please refer to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, preferably, any area of the liner 10 includes a gap 11, so that when the carbon fiber winding and solidification molding steps are performed, a fiber winding device 50 can enter through the gap 11. An inner space defined by the inner liner 10 circles ensures that the fiber winding equipment can perform operations on the inner liner 10 uniformly and stably. It should be noted that, when the ring-shaped product 30 is formed, the notch 11 is formed as the ring-shaped product 30 with a notch.

For example, the fiber winding device 50 includes a winding ring 51, the inner diameter of the winding ring 51 is greater than the maximum radial distance formed by the section of the liner 10, the fiber winding device 50 utilizes the winding ring 51 to make the carbon fiber 13 Through the notch 11, it is introduced into the inner space defined by the inner liner 10, the winding ring 51 can rotate relative to the inner liner 10, and at the same time wrap the carbon fiber 13 on the inner liner 10 On the surface, in this way, when the winding ring 51 rotates relative to the inner container 10 and moves along the circumferential direction of the inner container 10 , the carbon fiber 13 can cover the outer periphery of the inner container 10 along a ring axis of the inner container 10 .

Further, please refer to FIG. 8, the liner 10 can also be a ring body without the notch 11, and the winding ring 51 of the fiber winding device 50 includes a ring body that can selectively generate a winding ring gap 52. During manufacture, Firstly, the winding ring 51 produces the winding ring gap 52 and enters the inner space through the inner bag 10 through the winding ring gap 52, so that the inner bag 10 and the winding ring 52 form a closed and interlocking ring body, and according to The aforementioned description completes the aforementioned action of winding the carbon fiber 13 . In this embodiment, the wrapping ring 51 can be erected in an arc-shaped frame 53 in the relationship of concentric circles, and the arc-shaped frame 53 includes an outer frame notch corresponding to the wrapping ring gap 52, and the arc-shaped frame and the wrapping ring 51 It includes a rotating mechanism, which can drive the winding ring 51 to rotate relative to the arc frame 53 along the inner diameter of the arc frame 53, and wrap the carbon fiber 13 on the surface of the inner container 10. At this time, The notch 52 of the wrapping ring and the notch of the outer frame are misaligned according to the relative rotation of the wrapping ring 51 along the arc frame 53 , when the notch 52 of the wrapping ring is misaligned with the notch of the outer frame, a closed phase is formed with the inner container 10 buckle ring body.

Alternatively, the fiber winding equipment includes a first automatic arm and a second automatic arm, wherein the first arm introduces the carbon fiber 13 into the inner space defined by the inner tank 10 through the gap 11 and can be placed inside the spatial displacement. The second automatic arm is located outside the inner container 10 and moves along the circumferential direction of the inner container 10. The carbon fiber 13 is clamped alternately between the second automatic arm and the first arm, so that the carbon fiber 13 It can be wrapped and wrapped corresponding to the direction of the ring axis of the liner 10 .

In this step, if the liner 10 is made of a thermoplastic material A, while solidifying and forming, the liner 10 will also be melted correspondingly under the influence of the coating pressure and the heating temperature. , the inner liner 10 will fuse with the thermoplastic resin of the carbon fiber 13, so the inner liner 10 can be completely bonded with the ring-shaped carbon fiber tube 20 to form an integrally formed ring-shaped product 30 after curing and forming. It is not necessary to take out the inner container 10 of the annular product 30 . Not only can overcome the traditional fiber Due to the need to remove a mandrel, the three-dimensional winding technology cannot produce a finished product with a concave shape, and it can also help to strengthen the overall structural rigidity of the ring product 30 .

For another example, taking the inner container 10 as the heat-fusible material C as an example, since the heating temperature given by the carbon fiber winding is higher than the melting point of the heat-fusible material C which can be melted at low temperature, the inner container 10 It can be gradually melted in this step, and because the annular product 30 has the gap 11 , the liner 10 can be discharged through the gap 11 after melting.

S3, removing the liner: after curing and forming, it can be determined whether to continue the step of removing the liner 10 according to the material selected for the liner 10 . For example, taking the water-soluble material B as the inner bag 10 as an example, water is injected into the ring-shaped carbon fiber tube 20 through the gap 11, so that the inner bag 10 dissolves due to direct contact with water, and also due to the ring The shaped product 30 is provided with the notch 11, and the liner 10 can be easily discharged through the notch 11 after dissolving, so as to ensure that the liner 10 can be completely discharged and improve the overall process quality.

S4, secondary processing: apply a pressure and a processing temperature to at least a part of the surface of the ring-shaped product 30, so that the thermoplastic resin contained in at least a part of the surface of the ring-shaped product 30 is melted by heating temperature And corresponding to the pressure should be concave.

The secondary processing method can be placing the ring-shaped product 30 in a mold, or using a roller to roll on the surface of the ring-shaped product 30 and applying the pressure.

Further, the step of removing the liner 10 described in step S3 is not limited to the step of removing the liner 10 after the secondary processing step S4, and the process of removing the liner 10 can also be performed after the secondary processing.

S5, forming a complete ring: provide the heating temperature at the gap 11, and bring the two ends of the gap 11, that is, the two ends of the ring product 30 together, so that the two ends of the ring product 30 contain The thermoplastic resin is melted and combined by heating to form a complete ring body 40 .

More preferably, the carbon fiber 13 can be bonded to any part of the annular carbon fiber tube 20 by heating and pressing during the secondary processing in step S4 or when the annular body 40 is completed. The region is reinforced, such as increasing the thickness of part of the pipe wall, or forming patterns or protruding structures on the surface of the annular body 40 .

Referring to FIG. 3A to FIG. 6 , various embodiments of an annular body formed by the annular fiber winding method of the present invention through various materials and implementations are provided below. In the first embodiment mentioned in FIG. 3A , the liner 10 can be a ring-shaped tube made of thermoplastic material A; after step S2 of carbon fiber winding and solidification molding, the liner 10 is completely connected to the ring Shaped carbon fiber tube 20 is tightly bonded into a hollow ring-shaped product 30A integrally formed; then the hollow ring-shaped product 30A is placed in a mold through the secondary processing of step S4, so that the hollow ring-shaped product 30A can correspond to the mold Molding; finally, through step S5, give the notch 11 the heating temperature and combine the two ends of the annular carbon fiber tube 20 to form a complete hollow annular body 40A.

In the second embodiment of Fig. 4, the difference from the aforementioned first embodiment is that the liner 10 can be a ring-shaped piece composed of the hot-melt material C. It should be noted that because the liner 10 is the ring-shaped piece. In the step S2 of carbon fiber winding and solidification molding, a cross-section of the ring-shaped carbon fiber tube 20 is an ellipse, and the melted inner liner 10 is discharged to the gap 11, and it can be An elliptical hollow ring article 30B is formed. The annular fiber winding method provided by the present invention can exhibit annular bodies with different cross-sectional shapes according to requirements.

In the third embodiment of FIG. 3B , the difference from the aforementioned first and second embodiments is that the liner 10 is a ring-shaped strip composed of the thermoplastic material A, so that the carbon fiber is wound and solidified through step S2. A solid ring-shaped product 30C is formed after the step S4, and the two ends of the ring-shaped carbon fiber tube 20 are combined in the final step S4 to form a complete solid ring-shaped body 40C. In this way, the annular fiber winding method provided by the present invention can also be made into a solid annular body.

In the fourth embodiment of Fig. 5, the difference from the aforementioned first to third embodiments is that the liner 10 is a ring-shaped sheet composed of the water-soluble material B, and one of the ring-shaped sheets The cross-section presents a shape with radians, wherein, the ring-shaped piece is shaped with a concave surface facing outward. carbon fiber via step S2 After the steps of winding and curing, the section of the ring-shaped carbon fiber tube 20 is in the ellipse shape. In the second processing step S4, the roller is used to correspond to the concave surface of the ring-shaped sheet body, along the ring The annular product 30 rolls on the circumferential surface. At this time, the annular product 30 gives the pressing force to the roller and is concavely curved towards the concave surface, and forms a type of half-moon or hollow U-shape in the cross section.

It is worth noting that, in this step, the liner 10 of the fourth embodiment can provide a support in the ring-shaped product 30 and assist in shaping, and help the roller to move along the ring-shaped product corresponding to the concave surface. Rolling on the product 30 prevents detachment, and can also help the ring-shaped product 30 to form a concave shape corresponding to the ring-shaped piece, so as to avoid irregular forming or cracking due to the pressing force given by the roller. After the secondary processing is completed, Then perform the step of removing the liner 10 described in step S3, and combine the two ends of the ring-shaped product 30 in the final step S5 to form a complete curved ring-shaped pipe 40D.

The curved annular tube 40D formed in this embodiment can be preferably applied to making a bicycle wheel frame, and when the curved annular tube 40D is manufactured, the carbon fiber 13 is pasted by heating and pressing to make the curved annular tube 40D An annular tube 40D completes the bicycle wheel frame. For example, as shown in FIG. 6 , the curved annular tube 40D is hollow and includes an outer peripheral surface 41 facing outward and an inner peripheral surface 42 facing inward. The curved annular tube 40D is concavely curved, so that two edges 411 of the outer peripheral surface 41 of the ring protrude outward relative to a recess 412 of the outer peripheral surface 41 of the ring. Further, the carbon fiber 13 is pasted with heat and pressure so that the two ring outer peripheral edges 411 protrude outward to form a fixing rib 43A, and the fixing rib 43A can be used for assembling a bicycle tire. Further, the carbon fiber 13 is pasted with heat and pressure on at least a part of the inner peripheral surface 42 of the ring to form a reinforcing structure 43B, so that the overall thickness of at least a part of the inner peripheral surface 42 of the ring is increased, and the curved annular pipe 40D is strengthened. The overall structural strength of the bicycle wheel frame is made.

The annular fiber winding method and the annular body provided by the present invention are low in cost and simple in steps. By directly combining with the inner tank 10 or dissolving in water or heat melting, it overcomes that the traditional fiber winding technology is not suitable for production. The surface contains concave and curved items, so it should be directly combined with the liner 10 The manufacturing method strengthens the structural rigidity of the ring-shaped product 30 as a whole, so that it can be applied to the manufacture of curved or ring-shaped products such as wheel frames and rackets, and greatly expands the development and application fields of filament winding technology.

Claims (14)

A ring-shaped fiber winding method, the steps of which include: preparing a liner, the liner is a ring structure, the liner can be made of a thermoplastic material, a water-soluble material or a heat-melt material Wrap a carbon fiber in the radial direction of the inner tank, and move the carbon fiber axially along the inner tank ring so that the carbon fiber wraps the outer periphery of the inner tank to form an annular carbon fiber tube with a multi-layer structure, wherein , the carbon fiber is combined in a thermoplastic resin, a heating temperature and a wrapping pressure are provided during winding, so that the carbon fiber between the layers is fused together, and after cooling and solidifying, a ring-shaped product with a hollow tubular cross-section is formed , wherein: a pressure and a processing temperature are applied to at least a part of the surface of the ring-shaped product, so that the thermoplastic resin contained in at least a part of the surface of the ring-shaped product is melted by the heating temperature and corresponds to the pressure Fitting towards the liner; and removing the liner when the liner is a water-soluble material or a heat-fusible material. According to the annular fiber winding method described in Claim 1, a cross section of the annular product can be a hollow circle, an ellipse, a half-moon shape or a U-shape. According to the endless fiber winding method described in claim 1, the liner is made of thermoplastic material, and at the same time as the fiber is wound, the liner melts at the heating temperature, and fuses with the thermoplastic resin of the liner, and solidifies after cooling Afterwards, the inner liner and the ring-shaped carbon fiber tube are closely connected to form the ring-shaped product integrally formed, wherein the thermoplastic material can be polyoxymethylene, polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfide, polyethersulfide, polyetheretherketone, aromatic polyester Liquid crystal polymer, polyetherimide, polyamideimide, polyacetal, nylon, polycarbonate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyphenylene ether, poly Styrene, polymethyl methacrylate, styrene copolymer, cellulose acetate, thermoplastic polyurethane, elastomer, PTFE, vinylon, polypropylene, polyethylene, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer, and polyvinyl chloride one of a kind. According to the endless fiber winding method described in claim 1, the inner liner is the heat-fusible material, and any region of the annular product contains a gap, when the carbon fiber is wound, the inner liner is melted by the heating temperature, And discharge through the gap. According to the ring-shaped fiber winding method described in claim 1, the liner is the water-soluble material, and any region of the ring-shaped product includes a gap, after the carbon fiber is wound, water is injected into the gap through the gap In the tube of the ring-shaped carbon fiber tube, the liner contacts water to dissolve, and is discharged through the gap, wherein the water-soluble material contains polyvinyl alcohol. The endless fiber winding method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the liner can be a ring-shaped sheet, a ring-shaped tube or a ring-shaped strip; and the carbon fiber can be in the form of a bundle or Woven. In the endless fiber winding method described in claim 1 or 2, the step of applying the pressure and the processing temperature may be placing the annular product in a mold, or using a roller on the surface of the annular product Roll it up and give it added pressure. The endless fiber winding method as claimed in claim 2, wherein any region of the annular product includes a gap, and the step of applying the pressing force and the processing temperature is to provide the heating temperature at the gap, and apply the heating temperature to the gap. The two ends of the notch of the annular product are combined with each other to form a complete annular body. The endless fiber winding method as claimed in claim 7, wherein any region of the endless product includes a gap, and the step of applying the pressing force and the processing temperature includes providing the heating temperature at the gap, and applying the heating temperature to the gap. The two ends of the notch of the ring-shaped product approach each other and combine to form a complete ring-shaped body. In the annular fiber winding method described in claim 8, the carbon fiber is pasted with heat and pressure to reinforce any area of the annular product, increasing the thickness of the wall of the annular body, or in the annular Patterns or protruding structures are formed on the surface of the body. According to the annular fiber winding method described in claim 9, after the annular body is formed, the carbon fiber is attached to any area of the annular product by heating and pressing, so as to increase the thickness of the wall of the annular body. thickness, or form patterns or protruding structures on the surface of the annular body. A ring-shaped product manufactured by the method described in claim 1, which is made by radially winding a carbon fiber along an inner liner, the inner liner is a ring-shaped structure, and a heating temperature is provided when the carbon fiber is wound and A coating pressure, so that the carbon fibers between the layers can be welded into one, after cooling and solidification, further apply a pressure and a processing temperature to at least a part of the surface of the ring product, so that at least a part of the carbon fibers The contained thermoplastic resin is melted by heating and attached to the liner according to the pressure to form the ring-shaped product with a multi-layer structure and a hollow tubular cross-section, wherein the liner can optionally be made of a thermoplastic material , a water-soluble material or a heat-fusible material. As the ring-shaped product described in claim 12, the cross-section of the ring-shaped product is hollow in a circle, an ellipse, a type of half-moon or a U-shape. As the ring-shaped product described in claim 12 or 13, any area of the liner contains a gap, and when the carbon fiber is wound, the carbon fiber is introduced through the gap and moves along one of the ring axes of the liner, so that the carbon fiber Cover the outer periphery of the liner.

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