TWI629245B - 羥鋅化合物之氨化調合物 - Google Patents
羥鋅化合物之氨化調合物 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI629245B TWI629245B TW102113291A TW102113291A TWI629245B TW I629245 B TWI629245 B TW I629245B TW 102113291 A TW102113291 A TW 102113291A TW 102113291 A TW102113291 A TW 102113291A TW I629245 B TWI629245 B TW I629245B
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- Prior art keywords
- compound
- mol
- hydroxyzinc
- group
- zno
- Prior art date
Links
- -1 Ammonia compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 15
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002259 gallium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002472 indium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 20
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 72
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 37
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 36
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 14
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 7
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AWMVMTVKBNGEAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene oxide Chemical compound C1OC1C1=CC=CC=C1 AWMVMTVKBNGEAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012994 photoredox catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000307 polymer substrate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N (2s)-2-[[4-[2-(2,4-diaminoquinazolin-6-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylidenepentanedioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC(N)=NC(N)=C2C=C1CCC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=C)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVNVAWHJIKLAGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(cyclohexen-1-yl)cyclohexan-1-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1C1=CCCCC1 GVNVAWHJIKLAGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150065749 Churc1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XURCIPRUUASYLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Omeprazole sulfide Chemical compound N=1C2=CC(OC)=CC=C2NC=1SCC1=NC=C(C)C(OC)=C1C XURCIPRUUASYLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical group CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100038239 Protein Churchill Human genes 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,4-diol;bis(4-fluorophenyl)methanone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001990 dicarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000407 epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005570 flexible polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001002 functional polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007646 gravure printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013532 laser treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl monoether Natural products COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZKGFCAMLARKROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxozinc;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Zn]=O ZKGFCAMLARKROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007764 slot die coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical class [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid group Chemical class S(O)(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003509 tertiary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010023 transfer printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Zn+2] RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G9/00—Compounds of zinc
- C01G9/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/1204—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material inorganic material, e.g. non-oxide and non-metallic such as sulfides, nitrides based compounds
- C23C18/1208—Oxides, e.g. ceramics
- C23C18/1216—Metal oxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02518—Deposited layers
- H01L21/02521—Materials
- H01L21/02551—Group 12/16 materials
- H01L21/02554—Oxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02518—Deposited layers
- H01L21/02521—Materials
- H01L21/02565—Oxide semiconducting materials not being Group 12/16 materials, e.g. ternary compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02612—Formation types
- H01L21/02617—Deposition types
- H01L21/02623—Liquid deposition
- H01L21/02628—Liquid deposition using solutions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/34—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies not provided for in groups H01L21/18, H10D48/04 and H10D48/07, with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D30/00—Field-effect transistors [FET]
- H10D30/60—Insulated-gate field-effect transistors [IGFET]
- H10D30/67—Thin-film transistors [TFT]
- H10D30/674—Thin-film transistors [TFT] characterised by the active materials
- H10D30/6755—Oxide semiconductors, e.g. zinc oxide, copper aluminium oxide or cadmium stannate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D62/00—Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers
- H10D62/80—Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers characterised by the materials
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Thin Film Transistor (AREA)
- Liquid Deposition Of Substances Of Which Semiconductor Devices Are Composed (AREA)
Abstract
本發明關於包含a)至少一種羥鋅化合物及b)至少一種主族3元素的化合物之氨化調合物、彼之用途、使用彼以製造含ZnO之層的方法、及使用彼所製造之電子組件。
Description
本發明關於包含羥鋅化合物之氨化調合物、使用這些調合物製造含ZnO之層的方法、藉由該方法可得之含ZnO之層、該調合物在製造電子組件上的用途、及包含藉由該方法所製造之含ZnO之層的電子組件。
由於低的製造成本及可容易標度,印刷電子裝置是當前很多研究及發展計畫的焦點,特別是在半導體技術領域中。沒有場效應電晶體(FETs)之電子電路是難以想像的,該FETs在印刷電子裝置情況中,可分類成薄膜場效應電晶體(TFTs)。
在每一電晶體中之重要組件是該半導體材料,其影響該切換參數,例如電壓。半導體材料之重要參數是在製造期間之各別場效應移動性、加工性及加工溫度。
由於彼與氮化鎵類似之性質,且由於彼之簡單且不昂貴之製造,氧化鋅是用於電晶體製造之最有吸引力的無機氧化材料之一。此外,氧化鋅由於在其壓電及電機械性質
方面的高利益,也常被用在一般半導體技術中(Mater.Sci.Eng.B-Solid State Mater.Adv.Technol.2001,80,383;IEEE Trans.Microw.Theory Tech.1969,MT17,957)及用在電子及光電子裝置中。由於其在室溫之3.37eV的譜帶間隙(Klingshirn,Phys.Status Solidi B,1975,71,547)及其60meV之高的激子結合能(Landolt-Börnstein New Series,Group III Vol,41 B),氧化鋅也具有其他廣泛的應用諸如室溫雷射技術。
在ZnO單晶中之電子的霍耳移動率μH(Hall mobility)是400cm2‧V-1‧s-1,雖然迄今尚未在實際的實驗中所製造之層中達成這些值。藉由磊晶術,亦即利用化學氣相沉積(CVD)所沉積或濺射之ZnO層顯現出50至155cm2‧V-1‧s-1之FET移動率。
該先前技藝另外揭示以包含ZnO之混合氧化物為底質的層。例如,Hosono,Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids,2006,352,851-858描述場效應電晶體,其係利用氣相沉積獲得且具有非晶形之銦、鎵及鋅之氧化物。因此,不僅純的ZnO層,含ZnO之層(亦即包含元素或化合物型,尤其是氧化物型之外來金屬的層)也可適用於場效應電晶體。
混合氧化物電晶體也在其他地方被描述:Jeong et al.,Adv.Mater.2009,21,329-333描述例如利用共濺射所製造之薄膜ZrInZnO電晶體。Park et al.,Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters,13(9)H295-H297(2010)描述利用
磁電管濺射所製造之薄膜Hf-ZnO電晶體。Lee et al.描述利用PECVD所製造之薄膜In-Ga-ZnO電晶體。然而,在這些刊物中所描述之用於製造薄膜電晶體的方法的普遍特性是:彼需要高度設備複雜性,且由於包括該製造方法的理由,仍不能獲得具有足夠良好之電性的電晶體。
由於已描述之印刷方法的優點,因此會想要能利用印刷方法製造適用於積體電路之具有最大電荷載體移動性之含ZnO的層。
對經印刷之電子裝置的系統的要求(其未被大部份之當前已知之製造含ZnO之層的技術所滿足)是所要之低處理溫度。為要適合於以可撓聚合物為底質之基材,該溫度應是明顯低於300℃,甚至較佳低於200℃。
原則上,有二種完成印刷電子裝置的方式:粒子觀念及先質觀念。
基於粒子之觀念特別有賴於奈米顆粒系統(例如ZnO奈米管)之使用(Nano Letters,2005,5,12,2408-2413)。該粒子觀念之缺點首先在於所用之粒子分散液之膠體不穩定性,而需要使用分散添加劑,此轉而可不利地影響所得之電荷載體移動性。再者,粒子-粒子抗性是一問題,因為這減低電荷載體移動性且通常增加層抗性。
為供該先質之研究,原則上可能使用多種用於ZnO合成之Zn2+鹽,例如ZnCl2、ZnBr2、Zn(OAc)2、其他羧酸鋅鹽、Zn(NO3)2及Zn(SO4)2。雖有所得之良好的移動性數值,但此種先質不適合於可印刷之電子裝置,因為處理溫
度總是遠高於350℃(參見例如J.Am.Chem.Soc,2007,129,2750-2751之用於Zn(OAc)2的分解或IEEE Trans.,54,6,2007,1301-1307之用於ZnCl2的分解)。例如螯合配位體之使用可降低處理溫度,但據發現彼之使用不利於所得之層(DE 20 2005 010 697 U1)。與所列之鋅鹽相比,在工業上可用簡單方式獲得之二烷基鋅化合物例如Me2Zn及Et2Zn是極具反應性的。然而,尤其是因這原因,利用彼之處理是極複雜的,且因此需要有甚適合於可印刷之電子裝置的其他ZnO先質。
Keszler et al.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.2008,130,17603-17609描述可容易處理之氫氧化鋅化合物的氨化溶液,其中形成通式Zn(OH)x(NH3)y (2-x)+之Zn-胺-羥錯合物,這可利用硝酸鋅溶液之鹼性沉澱作用及隨後在氨水中之所得沉澱物的溶解作用而製備。這些可用來在約150℃之溫度下製造含ZnO之層。然而使這些層適合用於場效應電晶體的良好場效應移動性及接通電壓,及良好之遲滯特性僅在至少300℃之轉換溫度下獲得。然而,這些高的轉換溫度是不利的,若可撓基材是要被用來作為載體。然而可撓基材(例如聚合物膜)對於包含含有ZnO之層的可撓組件的製造基本上是重要的。
Fleischhaker et al.,J.Mater.Chem.,2010,20,6622-6625描述一種製備氫氧化鋅化合物之氨化溶液的替代的研究。此包含將商業上可得之ZnO溶於氨水溶液中。然而,在150℃之轉換溫度下可由此獲得之含ZnO的層不具
有足夠良好的電性,特別是場效應移動性、接通電壓及遲滯特性。
Schmechel et al.,Thin Solid films 2011,519,5623-5628描述:在含ZnO之層的合成時,氧化鋅水合物之氨化溶液的使用,及在125、300及500℃之轉換溫度下所製造之場效應電晶體。然而,其電性(尤其是場效應移動性、接通電壓及遲滯特性)仍無法令人滿意。
Moon et al.,J.Mater.Chem.,2011,21,13524描述摻雜釔之ZnO電晶體,其係由包含羥鋅化合物及Y(OH)3之氨化調合物製造。然而,就電性而言,尤其是就場效應移動性而言,所描述之摻雜釔之層顯現出比不摻雜釔之層差的數值。再者,所要之轉換溫度對於所要之目的而言是不可用的。
本發明之目的因此是要提供與該已知之先前技藝相關的系統,利用此系統可改良該用於由以先質為底質之系統製造含ZnO之層的現存的措施,以致有以下效果:即使在低的處理溫度下,獲得具有良好電性(特別是具有高電子移動性μFET、適合的遲滯及適合的接通電壓)的含ZnO之層。適合的遲滯據了解是指一種將測量之途徑從屬關係定量化的數值,亦即在“往外之路線”與“返回之路線”之所測量的電壓間的差異,其應是最小值。對一特定汲極電流(在此為1‧10-8A)而言,該遲滯可被測定為在該往外曲
線及該返回曲線之間閘電壓的差,作為具有該轉移特性之二交點間的水平線。該接通電壓據了解是指在閘極與源極間之電壓,在此電壓下,該電晶體接通,亦即開始在源極與汲極之間傳導電流。此數值應盡可能接近0V。
本目的藉由包含以下物質之本發明的氨化調合物達成:a)至少一種羥鋅化合物及b)至少一種主族3之元素的化合物。
包含至少一種羥鋅化合物之氨化調合物據了解是指一種含氨之水性組成物,其中已溶解羥鋅化合物或其中已由非羥鋅化合物形成羥鋅化合物。對應之羥鋅化合物可具有一或多個基本上是鋅之錯合原子。該氨化調合物較佳僅具有單一的羥鋅化合物。較佳地,因為這獲得特別良好且均質的層,該羥鋅化合物僅具有單一中心離子一鋅。此外,該羥鋅化合物具有羥基(=-OH基)作為配位體。對應之羥鋅化合物可另外接受胺配位體(NH3配位體)。除了該中心Zn離子及該羥基及隨意之胺配位體之外,該羥鋅化合物還可具有另外之配位體。較佳地,因為這使層具有特別良好之電性,該羥鋅化合物只具有羥基及隨意之胺配位體。
該至少一種羥鋅化合物在該氨化調合物中可以是呈解離型的且隨意地呈溶合或分散型。
因為彼特別適合製造具有特別良好電性之均質層,特佳是含有通式Zn(OH)x(NH3)y (2-x)+之Zn-胺-羥錯合物的氫氧化鋅的氨化溶液,其中1≦x≦2且1≦y≦6。對應之調
合物可由硝酸鋅溶液,經由利用氫氧鹼(例如NaOH)之鹼性沉澱作用,及隨後所得沉澱物在氨水中之解離作用而製備。
本發明之調合物包含該至少一種羥鋅化合物,其比例以鋅離子及該主族3元素之原子/離子的總量計係50至99.95莫耳%,較佳85至99.95莫耳%,更佳95至99.95莫耳%。
本發明之調合物另外包含至少一種主族3元素之化合物。該調合物因此包含至少一種選自硼(B)、鋁(Al)、鎵(Ga)、銦(In)及鉈(Tl)之元素的化合物。當主族3元素是3價型式時,結果是特別好的。當該至少一種主族3元素之化合物是鋁(Al)、鎵(Ga)或銦(In)之化合物時,則獲得特別好的結果。
該至少一種主族3元素之化合物可被解離且隨意地溶合或分散在該氨化調合物中。
較佳地,因為這導致可在對應組成物幫助下製造之含有ZnO之層的特別良好的電性,該氨化調合物包含至少二種主族3元素之化合物。這些另外較佳是不同主族3元素之化合物。當該調合物包含至少一種鎵化合物及至少一種銦化合物時,獲得極特別良好之結果。
本發明之調合物包含該至少一種主族3元素之化合物,其比例以鋅離子及該主族3元素之原子/離子總莫耳量計較佳是0.05至50莫耳%,較佳地0.05至15莫耳%,更佳地0.05至5莫耳%。
若二或更多種主族3元素之化合物存在於該調合物中,則其個別比例以所用之該主族3元素之化合物的總莫耳量計較佳是1至99莫耳%,較佳地5至95莫耳。
特佳是氨化調合物,其在該羥鋅化合物之外也包含至少一種銦化合物及至少一種鎵化合物。另外較佳地,以其中所含之鎵及銦原子的總莫耳量計,所用之主族3元素之化合物的總莫耳量比例,對於該鎵化合物而言是50至99莫耳%,較佳地66至95莫耳%且更佳地75至90莫耳%,且對該銦化合物而言是1至50莫耳%,較佳地5至33莫耳%且更佳地10至25莫耳%。
若在該調合物中有至少一種鎵化合物及至少一種銦化合物,則該調合物特別適合製造具有特別良好電性之含氧化鋅的層,當以鋅離子及該主族3元素之原子/離子的總量計該羥鋅化合物含量比例是65-75莫耳%,該鎵化合物含量比例是25-34莫耳%,且該銦化合物含量比例是1-10莫耳%時。
具有特別良好使用性之主族3元素之化合物是對應之硝酸鹽類、氫氧化物、氧化物、氧氫氧化物、鹵化物、及氧鹵化物。而極特佳地,可能使用鋁、銦或鎵之硝酸鹽類、氫氧化物、氧化物、氧氫氧化物、鹵化物、及氧鹵化物。
當使用a)藉由溶解鋅之硝酸鹽及呈三價氧化態之至少一種主族3元素,b)利用羥鹼使含羥之固體沉澱,c)移除該溶劑,隨意地c’)清洗,及d)將該沉澱物吸收於
氨水中可得之調合物時,結果有最好的含ZnO之層。可用之氫氧鹼較佳是鹼類NaOH及KOH。該移除較佳可利用過濾或離心進行。當將該沉澱物吸收於氨水時,彼可完全或部份進入溶液中。在吸收該沉澱物之該氨水調合物中該氨之濃度以氨及水之總質量計較佳是20至33重量%,較佳是25至30重量%。然而,對於本發明之可執行性而言,完全溶解是不需要的。此外,步驟c)、c’)及d)可重複一次或多於一次以達成特別良好之層。
較佳地,為獲得特別良好之結果,鋅離子及主族3元素之原子/離子之總濃度是0.05至2,較佳是0.1至1且更佳是0.1至0.5莫/升。
本發明之調合物明顯適合製造含ZnO之層,而無任何需要添加另外之添加劑以供此目的。然而,本發明之調合物可與多種添加劑相容,例如使調合物穩定不致再黏聚及沉澱的物質。通常,依照羥鋅化合物之形式及濃度以及該分散液之液相的本質,該至少一種添加劑含量比例以該調合物中所含之羥鋅化合物計可以是0.01至20重量%。通常,目標是要有低比例之這些物質,因為這對於電子組件之效能具有正面效果。特別適合之添加劑是:
I)具有無規分布或為通式(1)之嵌段共聚物型之以氧化苯乙烯為底質之聚氧化烯,R1O(SO)a(EO)b(PO)c(BO)dR2 (1)其中R1=具有8至13個碳原子之直鏈或支鏈或環脂族基團,
R2=氫、在各情況中具有1至8個碳原子之醯基、烷基或羧酸基團,SO=氧化苯乙烯,EO=氧化乙烯,PO=氧化丙烯,BO=氧化丁烯且a=1至5,b=3至50,c=0至3,d=0至3,其中b≧a+c+d。
例如在EP 1078946 A1中描述化合物,其中a=1至1.9。
II)通式(2)之磷酸酯
其中R=
其中x=1或2,n=2至18,m,o=2至100,k=2至4,R”=H或可隨意經另外之官能基取代的直鏈或支鏈烷基,
及R’=烷基、烷芳基、烯基或磺丙基。
較佳被使用之化合物被描述於例如EP 940406 A1中。
III)此外,可能使用通式(3)之嵌段共聚物及其鹽[R1O(SO)a(EO)b(CH2CHCH3O)c(BO)d]xP(=O)(OH)3-x (3)其中R1=具有1至22個碳原子之直鏈或支鏈或環脂族基團,SO=氧化苯乙烯,EO=氧化乙烯,BO=氧化丁烯且a=1至<2,b=0至100,c=0至10,d=0至3,其中b≧a+c+d。
IV)此外,可能使用藉由以下物質之部分或完全反應可得之化合物:A)一或多種胺基官能的聚合物與B)一或多種通式(4)/(4a)之聚酯類T-C(O)-[O-A-C(O)]x-OH(4),T-O-[C(O)-A-O-]y-Z(4a)及C)一或多種通式(5)/(5a)之聚醚類T-C(O)-B-Z(5),T-O-B-Z(5a),其中T是氫基團及/或具有1至24個碳原子之經隨意取代之直鏈或支鏈的芳基、芳烷基、烷基或烯基,A是至少一種選自該直鏈、支鏈、環狀及芳族烴之二
價基團,Z是至少一種選自磺酸類、硫酸類、膦酸類、磷酸類、羧酸、異氰酸酯類、環氧化物之基團,尤其是磷酸及(甲基)丙烯酸,B是通式(6)之基團-(ClH2lO)a-(CmH2mO)b-(CnH2nO)c-(SO)d- (6)a、b、c各自獨立是0至100之值,附帶條件是a+b+c之合是≧0,較佳是5至35,尤其是10至20,附帶條件是a+b+c+d>0,d是≧0,較佳是1至5,l、m、n各自獨立是≧2,較佳是2至4,x、y各自獨立是≧2。
V)此外,可能使用通式(7)之有機聚矽氧烷類
其中基團R1是具有1至4個碳原子之烷基或芳基,但至少80%之該等R1基團是甲基,R2在該分子中是相同或不同的且可定義如下a)
其中R3是氫或烷基,R4是氫、烷基或羧基,c是20,d是0至50,e是0至50,或b)-(CH2-)fOR5其中R5是氫、烷基、羧基或任意含醚基之二甲基醇丙烷基,f是2至20,或c)-(CH2-)g(OC2H4-)h(OC3H6-)i(OC4H8)j(OCH2CH(C6H5))kOR6其中R6是氫、烷基或羧基,g是2至6,h是0至20,i是1至50,j是0至10,k是0至10或d)對應於該R1基團,附帶條件是在該平均分子中,
至少一R2基團定義如(a),其中a是1至500,較佳是1至200,尤其是1至50,且b是0至10,較佳是<5,尤其是0。
例如在EP 1382632 A1中描述此等化合物。
VI)此外,可能使用基於以下之共聚物:以氧化苯乙烯為底質之氧伸烷基二醇烯基醚類或多氧化烯之烯基醚類及不飽合之羧酸衍生物(較佳是二羧酸衍生物)與a)1至80莫耳%之通式(8a)、(8b)、(8c)及/或(8d)之至少一者
其中R1=H、具有1至5個碳原子之脂族烴基,p=1-4,q=0-6,t=0-4,i=1-6,l=1-2,m=2-18,其中在該氫原子右下方的指數是藉由l和m之乘積所形成,n=0-100,o=0-100,SO=氧化苯乙烯,其中(SO)i及該氧化
烯衍生物在該聚醚中可以是呈無規或類似嵌段的分布,但該等基團較佳在類似嵌段之結構中及在序列-(SO)i-[(CmH1mO)n-(CmH1mO)o]-R2中,R2=H、具有1至20個碳原子之隨意支鏈脂族烴基、具有5至8個碳原子之環脂族烴、具有6至14個碳原子且隨意經取代或可以是磷酸酯(較佳是單酯)、硫酸酯或磺酸酯衍生物之芳基。
b)1至90莫耳%之式(9)的構成基團
其中S=-H、-COOMa、-COOR3,M=氫、單或多價金屬陽離子、銨離子、有機胺基團,a=1或在M為二價金屬陽離子的情況中=1/2,R3=具有1至20個碳原子之隨意支鏈脂族烴、具有5至8個碳原子之環脂族烴、具有6至14個碳原子之芳基,T=-U1-R4或-U1-(CmH1mO)n-(CmH1mO)o-R2,U1=-COO-、-CONH-、-CONR3-、-O-、-CH2O-,R4=H、Ma、R3、或-Q1-NQ2Q3,其中Q1是具有2至24個碳原子之二價伸烷基,
Q2及Q3各自是具有1至12個碳原子之脂族及/或脂環族烷基,其隨意氧化成-Q1-N(+)O(-)Q2Q3且m、n、l、o、R1及R2各自如以上定義,c)0至10莫耳%之式(10)的構成基團
其中T1=-U1-(CmH1mO)n-(CmH1mO)o-R5,R5=R4或
其中U2=-OOC-,-NHOC-,-O-,-O-CH2-,其中m,n,l,o,S,R1,R2及U1各自如以上定義。
在例如DE 10348825 A1中描述此等化合物。
(VII)此外,可能使用具有較佳200至2 000 000克/莫耳之重量平均分子量Mw(更佳1000至50 000克/莫耳之Mw)之聚丙烯酸類及其鹽類。
本發明之調合物在添加或不添加添加劑之情況下不僅可直接地另外被用以製造含ZnO之層;反之,該調合物也可被包埋使用於基質成形劑例如PMMA、聚苯乙烯、
PP、PE、PC或PVC中以供製造含ZnO之層。
本發明之調合物是一種水性調合物。然而為獲得正面性質,在該調合物中可含有一般用於溶劑或添加劑之量的一或多種另外的溶劑。
這些較佳是有機溶劑,尤其是醇類、醚類及乙氧基醇類。特佳是二級與三級醇類。這些物質特別適合作為添加劑以供獲得具有良好可印刷性之調合物。
本發明另外提供一種用於製造含ZnO之層的方法,其中本發明之調合物經施加至基材並隨後經熱轉化且變為可藉由本方法製造之含ZnO的層。對應之層較佳是半導性的。精於此技藝之人士可控制半導層之形成的方式是已知的。
該基材可以是Si或Si/SiO2晶圓、玻璃基材或聚合物基材(尤其是聚合物膜),後者尤其是以PET、PE、PEN、PEI、PEEK、PI、PC、PEA、PA或PP為底質。
藉由浸漬塗覆、狹縫模塗覆、旋轉塗覆、噴霧應用或多種不同之印刷方法(快乾印刷、照相凹版印刷、噴墨印刷、網版印刷、移轉印刷或平版印刷),可將本發明之調合物施加至該基材。
較佳在120至450℃,另外較佳在125至400℃之溫度下進行該熱轉化。極特佳是在125至300℃之溫度下進行該熱轉化。可藉由使用熱板、爐、雷射及UV及/或微波輻射進行該熱轉化。本發明之大優點是:至高300℃之低處理溫度的選擇使聚合物基材(尤其是聚合物膜)之使用
成為可能。
在熱轉化後,由本發明之調合物所製造之含ZnO之層可被後處理。例如,所製造之含ZnO之層的性質可藉由還原或氧化環境之後處理或利用濕氣、電漿處理、雷射處理、UV照射另外經改良。
本發明之調合物較佳可用於製造電子組件。更特別地,本發明之調合物適合製造電晶體(尤其是TFTs)、光電子組件及感測器。特別地,使用本發明之調合物所製造之TFTs特別適合用於LCDs或用於供RFID標籤之積體電路。
本發明因此也提供一種電子組件,尤其是電晶體、光電子組件及感測器,其各自包含至少一種較佳是半導性的含ZnO之層,其已藉由上述方法製造。
使用莫耳比例為66.5:28.5:5之鋅、鎵及銦的硝酸鹽與完全去礦質之水以構成總濃度為0.5莫耳/升之15毫升的溶液。然後,利用10毫升之2.5莫耳/升的NaOH進行沉澱作用。藉由離心(4500rpm,10分鐘)移除沉澱物且丟棄該液相。沉澱物分散在完全去礦質之水中,經攪拌且再次離心。然後,丟棄該液相。此步驟再重覆四次。最後,殘餘之沉澱物在28%之氨水溶液中攪拌至少1小時以形成飽和溶液。
使用莫耳比例為70:30之鋅及鎵二者的硝酸鹽與完全去礦質之水以構成總濃度為0.5莫耳/升之15毫升的溶液。然後,利用10毫升之2.5莫耳/升的NaOH進行沉澱作用。藉由離心(4500rpm,10分鐘)移除沉澱物且丟棄該液相。沉澱物分散在完全去礦質之水中,經攪拌且再次離心。然後,丟棄該液相。此步驟再重覆四次。最後,殘餘之沉澱物在28%之氨水溶液中攪拌至少1小時以形成飽和溶液。
鋅之硝酸鹽與完全去礦質之水被用於構成總濃度為0.5莫耳/升之15毫升的溶液。然後,利用10毫升之2.5莫耳/升的NaOH進行沉澱作用。藉由離心(4500rpm,10分鐘)移除沉澱物且丟棄該液相。沉澱物分散在完全去礦質之水中,經攪拌且再次離心。然後,丟棄該液相。此步驟再重覆四次。最後,殘餘之沉澱物在28%之氨水溶液中攪拌至少1小時以形成飽和溶液。
具有厚度230奈米之SiO2層及預先結構化之源極及由ITO製成之汲極接點的矽晶圓,利用旋轉塗覆(100μl,3000rpm,30秒),以依照實例1、2或3之溶液塗覆。然後,個別的層在160℃下熱處理。使用所得之層所製造且具有底部-閘及底部-接點構造之TFTs具有在
表1中所列之電數據。
Claims (4)
- 一種氨化調合物,其包含:a)50至99.95莫耳%之一種羥鋅化合物,該羥鋅化合物具有式Zn(OH)x(NH3)y (2-x)+,其中1≦x≦2且1≦y≦6,及b)0.05至50莫耳%之鎵化合物和銦化合物,其中該莫耳%係以鋅、鎵及銦之總量計,且其中該氨化調合物係藉由包含下述步驟之方法獲得:1)於溶劑中溶解硝酸鹽及呈三價氧化態之鎵和銦,2)利用氫氧鹼以沉澱含氫氧之固體,3)移除該溶劑以得到沉澱物及4)將該沉澱物浸入氨水中。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之調合物,其中該調合物包含以鋅、鎵及銦之總量計65至75莫耳%之該羥鋅化合物、25至34莫耳%之該鎵化合物及1至10莫耳%之該銦化合物。
- 一種製造含ZnO之層的方法,其特徵在於將如申請專利範圍第1或2項之調合物施加至基材並隨後於125至300℃之溫度下經熱轉化。
- 一種如申請專利範圍第1或2項之調合物供製造電子組件的用途,該電子組件包括電晶體、光電子組件及感測器。
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